Muscles are

• Needed for all types of movement

• Needed to pump blood

• Needed to breathe (diaphragm muscle)

• Needed to produce body heat and regulate body temperature

• Needed to protect internal organs

                                   

Skeletal: Voluntary (under your conscious control), movement of your bones, face, eyes,etc.

Cardiac Muscle: Involuntary (not under your conscious control), movement of your heart and certain blood vessels

Smooth: Involuntary (not under your conscious control), movement of your intestines, stomach and other internal organs

Muscle Tutorial Video Clip (Open in New Window)(Open in New Window)

•Move your bones(also your face,eyes, etc.)•Voluntary (you can control them)•Over 400 skeletal muscles in your body•Long cells with several nuclei (along edges of cell)•Stripes called striations (visible under high power)

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nuclei

striations

                                   

•The muscle of the heart•Involuntary (you cannot control them)•Works 24 hours a day your entire life•Strongest type of muscle•Only one nucleus per cell (usually in center of cell)•Some striping (some striations) but not as much as skeletal muscle

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nuclei

nuclei

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•The muscles of the esophagus, stomach, intestines and other internal organs•Involuntary (you cannot control them)•Contract slowly and smoothly•Can remain contracted for long periods of time•Usually one nucleus per cell (Usually in the center of the cell)•No striping (striations)

Animation

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Maricopa Muscle Tutorial

Maricopa Muscle Tutorial

Label and color these muscles of the head: (you can draw arrows)

Sternocleidomastoid Obicularis Oculi

Obicularis Oris

Zygomaticus

Masseter

Trapezius

Frontalis

Maricopa Muscle Tutorial

Label and color these muscles of the Anterior body:

Pectoralis major

Serratus anterior

Deltoid

Rectus Abdominus

External oblique

Biceps brachii

Brachialis

Triceps brachii

Latissimus dorsi

Maricopa Muscle Tutorial

Label and color these muscles of the Posterior body: (you can draw arrows)

Deltoid

Trapezius

Latissimus dorsi

Gluteus medius

Gluteus maximus Infraspinatus

Teres major

Triceps brachii

Maricopa Muscle Tutorial

Label and color these muscles of the Thigh/Leg: (you can draw arrows)

Vastus medialis

Vastus lateralis

Satorius

Adductor longus

Adductor mangus

Gracilis

Rectus femoris

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Tibialis anterior

Maricopa Muscle Tutorial

Label/color: Deltoid Infraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres minor Teres major

Posterior Shoulder

Maricopa Muscle Tutorial

Anterior Shoulder Label/color: Subscapularis Coracobrachialis Supraspinatus

Maricopa Muscle TutorialMaricopa Muscle Tutorial

The Sliding-Filament Theory of Muscle ActionThe "Sliding-Filament Theory of Muscle Action" explains how the movement of thick- and thin-filaments relative to each other leads to the contraction and relaxation of whole muscles - hence ultimately to the movement of the limbs or tissues attached to those muscles:There are two physical units that are important for the action of muscles. They are thick filaments (Protein myosin) and thin filaments. (Protien actin).

Muscle tissue can be described in terms of units called sacromeres. These units are defined in terms of groups of overlapping filaments (the thin and thick filaments previously described). Sacromeres are arrangements of thick and thin filaments.

The length of a sacromere and the zones (H zone, I band and A band) within each sacromere, are determined by the positions of the thick and thin filaments relative to each other. This is illustrated in the three diagrams to the left showing the relative length and configuration of two sacromeres of relaxed muscle (top), partially contracted muscle (centre) and lengthened muscle (bottom diagram).

The sliding filament theory is the basic summary of the process of skeletal muscle contraction. Myosin moves along the filament by repeating a binding and releasing sequence that causes the thick filament to move over the thinner filament. This progresses in sequential stages. By progressing through this sequence the filaments slide and the skeletal muscles contract and release.