Municipal Waste Recycling Program Year Four Annual Report

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Municipal Waste Recycling Program

Year Four Annual Report FY20 (October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020)

Resubmission Date: January 12, 2021 Contract Number: AID-OAA-I-14-00066/AID-OAA-TO-16-00026 Activity Start Date and End Date: October 1, 2016 to September 24, 2021 COR Name: Silvia Petrova Submitted by: Marianne Carliez Gillet, Vice President for Global Programs

Henri Disselkoen, Chief of Party Development Innovations Group

4330 East-West Highway, Suite 1150 Bethesda, MD 20814 Tel: (301) 664-9644 Email: [email protected]; [email protected] This document was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by the Development Innovations Group for the Municipal Waste Recycling Program Task Order.

MWRP Quarterly Report – Annual Report FY20 ______________________________________________________________________________

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PROGRAM OVERVIEW / SUMMARY

Program Name: Municipal Waste Recycling Program (MWRP)

Activity Start Date and End Date:

October 1, 2016 to September 24, 2021

Name of Prime Implementing Partner:

Development Innovations Group (DIG)

Contract Number: AID-OAA-I-14-00066/AID-OAA-TO-16-00026

Name of Subcontractors:

Subcontractors: -DAI Global, LLC -The QED Group Resource Groups: -Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and

Organizing (WIEGO) -The Earth Institute

Geographic Coverage: (Countries)

Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Indonesia

Reporting Period: October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020 (FY2020)


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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ACOR Alternate Contracting Officer’s Representative AEPW Alliance to End Plastic Waste APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation BINTARI Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (Indonesia) BSSR Bank Sampah Sorong Raya C3MC Candis III Marketing Cooperative (Philippines) CBO Community-Based Organization CCBO Clean Cities, Blue Ocean CCC Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (Sri Lanka) CEA Central Environment Authority (Sri Lanka) CECR Center for Environment and Community Research (Vietnam) CEL Communications, Evidence and Learning COP Chief of Party COR Contracting Officer’s Representative COVID-19 Coronavirus CRS Catholic Relief Services (Philippines) CSR Corporate Social Responsibility CSRD Centre for Social Research and Development (Vietnam) DCA Divers Clean Action (Indonesia) DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources (Philippines) DIG Development Innovations Group DONRE Department of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam) DPC District People’s Committee EA Environmental Agency ENDA Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (Vietnam) ENRO Environment and Natural Resources Office EPR Extended Producer Responsibility EWC Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines FC Funding Cycle FMCG Fast-Moving Consumer Goods FY Fiscal Year GAIA Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Inc. Philippines GIDKP Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (Indonesia) GreenHub Centre for Supporting Green Development (Vietnam) Gringgo Gringgo Indonesia Foundation (Indonesia) HCMC Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam IEC Information, Education, and Communication IUNC International Union for Conservation of Nature IWC Independent Waste Collectors LG(U) Local Government (Unit) M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MCD Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (Vietnam) MEF Monitoring and Evaluation Factor


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MEPA Marine Environment Protection Authority MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam) MRF Materials Recovery Facility MT Metric Ton MTE Mid-Term Evaluation MWRP Municipal Waste Recycling Program NGO Non-Governmental Organization OC Ocean Conservancy PARMS Philippine Alliance for Recycling and Materials Sustainability Inc. PASRA Pre-Award Survey and Risk Assessment PBE Philippine Business for the Environment Inc. PET Polyethylene Terephthalate PILF Public Interest Law Foundation (Sri Lanka) POC Point of Contact PPE Personal Protective Equipment/Gear PPP Public-Private Partnership PRRCFI Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. RW Rukun Warga (neighborhood unit in Indonesia) SLCDF Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation SM SM Supermalls (Philippines) SWEEP Sea Waste Education to Eradicate Plastic SWM Solid Waste Management UGA University of Georgia Research Foundation UPTD Central Recycling Center (Indonesia) USAID United States Agency for International Development USD United States Dollar WLAB Waste Less Arugam Bay WWF World Wide Fund for Nature (Vietnam) YPBB Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (Indonesia) YPN Yayasan Peduli Negeri (Indonesia) ZW Zero Waste


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Table of Contents

Program Overview / Summary ................................................................................................. 1

Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................... 2

1 Executive Summary .......................................................................................................... 5

2 Overall Program Performance ......................................................................................... 6

2.1 Program Targets ........................................................................................................... 6

2.2 Progress towards Program Targets ............................................................................ 6

2.3 Impact of COVID-19 on MWRP Implementation ...................................................... 8

2.4 Overview of Small Grants Management ..................................................................... 9

2.5 Monitoring Grant Approaches ................................................................................... 10

2.6 Country Activities ........................................................................................................ 11 2.6.1 Philippines ................................................................................................................................................................. 11 2.6.2 Sri Lanka .................................................................................................................................................................... 16 2.6.3 Vietnam ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20 2.6.4 Indonesia ................................................................................................................................................................... 24

2.7 Steps to Empower Women and Youth under MWRP ............................................ 29

2.8 Local Capacity Building ............................................................................................... 31

2.9 Private Sector Engagement ........................................................................................ 33

2.10 Coordination and Management ................................................................................. 36

2.11 Dissemination, Outreach and International Cooperation ...................................... 38

3 Financial Summary ......................................................................................................... 45

4 Lessons Learned (Policy and Practice Recommendations) .......................................... 45

5 Calendar for Next Quarter’s Program Activities .......................................................... 50

Annex 1: MWRP Results ........................................................................................................ 51

Annex 2: DRAFT Success Story .............................................................................................. 95

Annex 3: MWRP MEF Results Table ..................................................................................... 96


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1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Development Innovations Group (DIG) is pleased to present its Program Year Four (PY- 4) Annual Report for the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)-funded Municipal Waste Recycling Program (MWRP). DIG continues to be in full compliance with the MWRP contract, AID-OAA-I-14-00066/AID-OAA-TO-16-00026. The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has contracted DIG under the Making Cities Work Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity mechanism to provide grants management and technical assistance to USAID in establishing a grants portfolio and recommending approaches for enhanced international cooperation. The purpose of MWRP is to promote the recycling of municipal solid waste which threatens human health and the environment and which, if recycled, could generate economic benefits in Indonesia, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka, where ineffective municipal solid waste management (SWM) practices are resulting in plastics pollution impacting the marine environment. This report covers progress made during PY-4, from October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020. In PY-4, DIG met all of its contractual deadlines and implemented all Program activities in a timely manner, using the Program Year Four Work Plan as a guide. In PY-4, MWRP met its Life of Program (LOP) indicators one year ahead of schedule and continues to exceed targets. In PY-4, MWRP grantees built on prior work to provide technical assistance to local authorities and the private sector (including Coca-Cola, Nestlé, and Unilever) to improve municipal SWM services and raise awareness of ocean plastic pollution in communities through a variety of outreach initiatives. In addition, on May 20th, 2020, MWRP participated in an international USAID round table on changing behavior to reduce ocean plastic pollution in Vietnam that presented case studies on two Vietnamese MWRP projects (Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde/ENDA and Center for Environment and Community Research/CECR). The two MWRP grantee directors were panelists for the round table. MWRP also organized three workshops in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam to allow MWRP grantees to share their experiences and lessons learned with local governments, as well as local and international corporations. In addition, MWRP participated in webinars organized by grantees. MWRP grantees also participated in the Our Ocean Conference in Norway (October 23-24, 2019) and in a virtual cross-learning event on behavior change (August 25, 2020) to further discuss and disseminate MWRP results and lessons learned. As of September 30, 2019, DIG had obligated the full amount of the USD 5.5 million MWRP grants facility in 30 grant agreements. Ten grants completed program implementation this program year, bringing the total to 14 completed grants by the end of PY-4. Since March 2020, the impact of COVID-19 has been felt deeply in the four Program countries. Due to the pandemic, at the end of PY-4, both MWRP expatriates (Chief of Party and Grants Manager) were relocated to their home countries and have been managing and monitoring grant activities remotely. Grantees have been forced to abide by shelter-in-place restrictions in each country and, thus, have adjusted to virtual and remote-contact project implementation. Grantees provided remote technical assistance to community stakeholders, local authorities, and the private sector to improve municipal SWM services. They also expanded their messaging


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through social media platforms (including posting YouTube video content to raise household awareness on waste separation at source), mass media outlets (television, newspapers), and online communications including webinars (attended by MWRP), meetings, and events (including World Environment Day, World Oceans Day, and World Cleanup Day). In response to delays caused by COVID-19, DIG, with USAID’s approval, worked with several grantees to amend their grant agreements. The principal change was to provide seventeen grantees with a no-cost extension of their grant completion dates, with the latest completion date set for May 31, 2021. Despite COVID-19, DIG and its MWRP grantees expect to complete project deliverables and spending on time. The following Annual Report lays out our overall Program performance, including grantee activities in the past year, a financial summary, lessons learned, and a calendar of next quarter’s activities.

2 OVERALL PROGRAM PERFORMANCE 2.1 Program Targets

MWRP has met or exceeded all ten indicator targets. As of September 30, 2020, MWRP has captured 136 lessons on SWM practices affecting plastic pollution, which are grouped into 17 categories; influenced and positively affected 53 official regulations, laws, policies, and SWM plans; and held 51 activities to more effectively integrate the private sector into solid waste management. To date, USAID’s grants have directly benefited 3.5 million people and indirectly benefited an additional 5.1 million in Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Indonesia, and the Philippines. MWRP grant-making has resulted in 10,110 metric tons, equaling 22.3 million pounds, of plastic waste that have been diverted from the environment; 157 innovative approaches, measures, and technologies to curb ocean plastic pollution; 191,647 households and establishments separating solid waste at source; 2,156 new SWM jobs, of which 62% are held by women with 1,154 women obtaining traditionally male-dominated jobs; and 191,730 youths engaged in reducing ocean plastic pollution.

2.2 Progress towards Program Targets

Table 1: Summary of MWRP Targets and Results presents information on the status of the ten indicators used to measure Program performance as of September 30, 2020. MWRP has met or surpassed all Program indicators. Refer to Annex 1: MWRP Results for details on the progress towards each indicator, and Annex 3: MWRP Monitoring and Evaluation Factor (MEF) Results Table for detailed results on MWRP monitoring and evaluation reporting. The targets and results noted in Table 1 are from the M&E Plan submitted to USAID in August 2018.


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Table I: Summary of MWRP Targets and Results

Standard Indicators Cumulative

Total through FY2019

PY4 Targets FY2020

Q1 FY2020

Q2 FY2020

Q3 FY2020

Q4 FY2020

Cumulative Total

through September

2020

Life of Program Targets

On Target Y/N

Component 1: Grants Program Supporting Promising Municipal Waste Approaches

Number of grants disbursed

30 Completed NA NA NA

NA

30 26 Yes

Amount of grants obligated in USD

$5.5 million Completed NA NA NA

NA

$5.5 million

$5.5 million Yes

Number of grant applicants supported through meetings or technical assistance

69 Completed NA NA NA

NA 69

60 Yes

Number of public policies, Memoranda of Understanding, and regulations related to municipal SWM introduced or positively affected

37 0 4 4 1

7 53 6 Yes

Number of activities to more effectively integrate the private sector into solid waste management

34 0 6

5 2

4

51 6 Yes

Percentage of grantees that have incorporated one or more women’s empowerment indicators in their monitoring and evaluation plans

100% (30/30) Completed NA NA

NA

NA

100%

50% Yes

Component 2: Evaluation of Grants Program Results and Development of Lessons Learned & Recommendations for USAID Investments Number of investment opportunities identified to improve solid waste management

16 0 0 0 0 0 16 16 Yes

Number of lessons learned

50 0 31 17 15 23

136 15 Yes

Component 3: Support for International Cooperation on Waste Management

Number of strategic partnerships facilitated between USAID and other stakeholders in

1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Yes


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the field of solid waste management

Number of meetings to facilitate potential partnerships between USAID and other stakeholders in the field of solid waste management

6 0 3 0 0

0 9 4 Yes

2.3 Impact of COVID-19 on MWRP Implementation

COVID-19 impact on DIG staff and Program grantees’ operations The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted MWRP and key stakeholders – DIG as the Program implementor, grantee organizations, local/provincial/national governments, community residents, and businesses – in a number of ways. Plans for DIG staff members to conduct in-person project oversight and monitoring trips were postponed in March 2020 until further notice. The prohibition of international travel by foreigners to the four Program countries remains in place as of September 30, 2020. In mid-March 2020, national governments in the Program countries ordered shelter-in-place lockdowns that prevented grantees from carrying out most of their regular project tasks. In June 2020, travel restrictions were lifted within Vietnam solely for host country nationals and, by August 2020, a similar easing of travel constraints occurred in Sri Lanka. The loosening of government restrictions enabled grantees to resume many of their planned project activities, albeit under “new normal”conditions of limited fieldwork and no group events. By September 2020, Indonesia and the Philippines had gradually lifted some restrictions, occasionally allowing local and national travel and the resumption of field-based activities but with limitations on group meetings/events. Grantees observed that local governments continued to provide SWM collection services despite the pandemic. In most communities, informal sector waste collectors also continued operating when able and permitted. However, major commercial disruptions were noted in local plastic value chains and there was increased consumption of single-use plastic products. COVID-19 response by DIG and Program grantees DIG increased its remote, online communications (email, teleconference calls) with grantees and they, in turn, quickly shifted to teleworking in March 2020. Grantees provided remote technical support via email/telephone/social media to community stakeholders during this reporting period. In the months that followed, many grantees organized virtual training events for project participants (i.e., local government officials, community leaders, bank sampah coordinators, and other NGOs). The MWRP team conveyed to grantees the importance of holding virtual events around worldwide celebrations, as was done for Earth Day on April 22, World Environment Day on


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June 5, and World Ocean Day on June 8. In the fourth quarter of FY2020, several grantees were able to organize beach cleanups for International Coastal Cleanup Day on September 19. In several cases, grantees supplied their project counterparts (i.e., informal waste collectors, waste bank members, local government representatives, community residents, etc.) with personal protective equipment (PPE), educational tools, and technical assistance to ensure ongoing SWM and recycling activities. Grantees continued with information and educational communication campaigns through social media platforms, advising communities on how to take preventative measures in handling household and contaminated waste to protect themselves from COVID-19. Several grantees organized webinars, which were attended by national and international audiences. All of the grantees regularly communicated with DIG on project implementation, operational challenges, and monitoring and evaluation. DIG, in collaboration with USAID, modified an MWRP workshop as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The two-day Philippines cross-pollination workshop originally scheduled for May 2020 was cancelled and replaced as a two-and-a-half-hour virtual event on behavior change for all four MWRP partner countries in August 2020. COVID-19 impact on the implementation of the approved MWRP Annual Work Plan While the overall Program work plan is on track to meet the Program’s September 24, 2021 completion date, adjustments were required to accommodate travel and operating restrictions. While grantees often found creative methods (e.g., communication through social media, Zoom group calls, and mobile phone apps) to advance project activities, the COVID-19 pandemic effectively stalled project activities for grantees for two to three months. The major changes to the implementation schedule were the postponement of several planned DIG project mid-term monitoring and final evaluation visits and the need to extend several grantees’ project completion dates. In response, DIG postponed several remote virtual grantee project mid-term and final evaluations for Q1 PY-5 and signed no-cost grant amendments as needed. COVID-19 impact on the Program budget and burn rate The pandemic has not changed the Program burn rate significantly although some grantees had to postpone planned activities and, subsequently, were delayed in submitting completed deliverables for payment. DIG has submitted two potential budget scenarios for PY-5, one with international travel restarting in Q3 of PY-5, and one without international travel.

2.4 Overview of Small Grants Management

The final MWRP grant agreements were executed on September 30, 2019 at the end of PY-3, bringing the total number of grants to 30 and obligating the entire grants facility of USD 5.5 million. As of September 30, 2020, fourteen grantees had completed their MWRP grants and sixteen remain active. Due to delays caused by COVID-19 in the project implementation schedules of several grantees, and with the concurrence of the MWRP Contracting Officer’s Representative (COR), DIG executed grant amendments for no-cost extensions with the following grantees: (1) Bintari Foundation, (2) Divers Clean Action, (3) Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC), (4) Center for Marinelife Conservation and Development/Ha Long Bay, (5) Center for Public Policy


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Transformation, (6) Ceylon Chamber of Commerce, (7) EcoWaste Coalition of the Philippines, (8) Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastic (GIDKP), (9) Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives/GAIA (and partners YPBB and GreenViet), (10) Gringgo Indonesia Foundation, (11) Mother Earth Foundation, (12) Philippine Business for the Environment, (13) Philippine Reef and Rainforest Conservation Foundation (PRRCFI), (14) Public Interest Law Foundation, (15) Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF)/Jaffna, (16) University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGA), and (17) World Wild Fund (WWF) for Nature – Vietnam. As part of the amendments signed for no-cost extensions, DIG also modified the deliverables schedule for PRRCFI, GIDKP, Gringgo, Divers Clean Action, C3MC, EcoWaste Coalition, Philippine Business for the Environment, Misool Foundation, and the Public Interest Law Foundation.

Country # Grants / # Projects

Amount (USD)

Amount ( % )

Indonesia* 6 / 7 $ 1,387,356 25% Philippines 10 / 10 $ 1,415,636 26% Sri Lanka 7 / 7 $ 1,205,457 22% Vietnam* 7 / 8 $ 1,491,551 27%

Total 30 / 32 $ 5,500,000 100% * Note: The GAIA grant includes two subproject awards to Vietnamese and Indonesian NGOs to implement municipal “Zero Waste” projects. For that reason, one additional project is included for Vietnam and one for Indonesia in the table. Therefore, three projects constitute the GAIA grant.

2.5 Monitoring Grant Approaches

At the start of PY-4, after fully obligating the $5.5 million MWRP grants facility, DIG closed the grant-making component. As such, DIG’s management of the MWRP grants portfolio shifted to monitoring project progress and evaluating project outcomes and impact. Six mid-term evaluation (MTE) field visits were completed in Q1 PY-4, with two MTEs in Vietnam to assess the Center for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development’s (MCD) two grants in Ha Long Bay and Nam Dinh; two MTEs in Indonesia to monitor the Bintari Foundation (Yayasan Bina Karta Lesari) in Semarang Java and the Misool Foundation (Yayasan Misool Baseftin) in Sorong West-Papua; and two MTEs in Sri Lanka to review the activities of the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) and the Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) in Colombo. The USAID MWRP COR, Alternative COR (ACOR), other USAID Ocean Plastic team members, and USAID Mission/regional staff members joined the DIG MWRP team on several of the MTEs. The MTE findings indicated that the six grantees were on track to achieve their project objectives. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic at the close of Q2 PY-4, DIG adapted its monitoring and evaluation approach of MWRP grantee projects. As noted in Section 2.3, international, regional, and national travel restrictions were put into place by the four MWRP national governments and in-person visits to the Program countries by DIG staff were no longer possible. In response, DIG shifted to online virtual project monitoring of MWRP grantees through more frequent email communications and teleconference calls using Zoom, Skype, and other means. DIG requested that grantees provide MWRP with biweekly updates on the project impact of government-mandated COVID-19 restrictions on movement and


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travel, activities, and events. Throughout the year, grantees provided the MWRP team with monthly updates on project activities and a schedule of any planned public events. This information was shared with the four USAID Mission points of contact (POCs) and with the MWRP COR and ACOR. During Q3 and Q4 PY-4, DIG conducted online virtual MTEs with three Indonesian grantee organizations: Divers Clean Action (DCA) in the Thousand Islands off the coast of Jakarta; Transformasi in Gowa District, South Sulawesi; and Gringgo in Denpasar. DIG reviewed the progress of GAIA Philippines and its two project subgrantees – GreenViet in Hoi An and the Cham Islands (Vietnam) and YPBB in Bandung (Indonesia). DIG determined that the GAIA/YPBB and DCA activities were proceeding at a satisfactory pace, whereas the GAIA/GreenViet activities were behind schedule due to delays in receiving project approval from the Government of Vietnam. DIG and GAIA signed a grant amendment for a three-month no-cost extension that will offer sufficient time for GreenViet to complete its proposed implementation plan. The upcoming five MTEs for the Mother Earth Foundation, EcoWaste Coalition of the Philippines, Philippine Business for the Environment, University of Georgia, and the Philippine Reef and Rainforest Conservation Foundation SM Supermalls project are scheduled to take place in Q1 of PY-5. Three final project evaluations were conducted during PY-4. These online virtual evaluations were completed for two projects in Sri Lanka (the Sevanatha Urban Development Centre and Janathakshan) and for one project in the Philippines (the PRRCFI Sea Waste Education to Eradicate Plastic (SWEEP) initiative). Seven online final project evaluations for WWF-Vietnam, Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA), Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub), SLCDF-Jaffna and SLCDF-Galle, Lanka Upcycles and Candis III Marketing Cooperative are scheduled to take place in Q1 of PY-4. DIG provided grantees with ongoing technical support to help them more effectively assess and evaluate the MWRP projects’ gender MEFs, including providing feedback on how to capture and reflect upon the gender-related impacts of training and outreach activities. This technical assistance was provided through emails and in frequent teleconference calls to review and revise (when required) grantee quarterly report MEF submissions. Annex 3 of this Annual Report shows the status, as of September 30, 2020, of the nine MEFs being reported by grantees.

2.6 Country Activities

2.6.1 Philippines

Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines (EWC) Grant Period: July 3, 2019 – March 15, 2021 The EWC project addresses the need of Metro Manila waste management institutions and decision-makers for reliable data to inform policymaking, planning, and SWM program design. EWC is developing four research studies that will generate information on the effectiveness of SWM and plastic waste leakage into Manila Bay and that can be used to raise the awareness of


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key government agencies, institutions, and the general public on the scale of the problem. To secure buy-in from national and city government authorities and to build consensus, EWC organized a Multi-Stakeholder Platform with private sector, government, academic, and civil society groups. The platform serves as a resource group to guide planning and project design in Manila Bay. EWC has subcontracted Santo Tomas University and De La Salle University to prepare studies on 1) Plastic Material Balance Flow Accounting in Metro Manila, 2) Solid Waste Collection Efficiency Assessment of Metro Manila Cities, 3) SWM/Recycling Perception Survey, and 4) Marine Plastic Litter Survey in Manila Bay. UGA provides technical support to EWC and the university teams on research design. The studies will generate baseline data to assist with the formulation of government plans, policies, and measures to manage plastic waste flows, plastic waste management, and to reduce plastic waste pollution in Manila Bay. The plastic material balance flow analysis will be conducted in cooperation with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)- Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) Water Quality Division and the Philippine Plastic Industry Association. The draft SWM/Recycling Perception Survey was completed in September 2020 and the remaining studies are due for completion in December 2020. Preliminary findings will be presented to DENR, Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA), 17 city governments, and members of the Multi-Stakeholder Platform. EWC will organize policy reviews and consultations with the main government stakeholders to determine if the results justify revisions to existing national SWM policies, regulations, and/or strategies for addressing the environmental deterioration of Manila Bay. At the invitation of DENR-EMB, EWC is participating in government dialogues to prepare a National Action Plan on Marine Litter. Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) Grant Period: October 1, 2019 – March 31, 2021 The PBE project supports a commercial real estate development company, Robinsons Land (50+ malls nationwide), to improve the sustainability of SWM operations in its Manila malls. The project promotes successful SWM and plastic reduction/recycling by building the capacity of management/maintenance staff and training tenant businesses and mall clients in proper SWM practices. PBE partners with two Robinsons Malls in General Trias City and Las Piñas (in Cavite, Metro Manila) and works with Robinsons’ sustainability unit to design holistic plastic waste management practices. PBE conducted detailed waste assessment and characterization studies (WACS) in the two malls to verify waste content. PBE and Robinsons management re-organized the mall’s material recovery facility, trained the private hauling company’s staff in sorting waste, and validated the proper transport of residual waste to the landfill. PBE is in the process of identifying value chains for most types of recovered waste materials. PBE and its subgrantee Philippine Alliance for Recycling and Materials Sustainability (PARMS) will draft a Mall SWM and Recycling Manual for Robinsons Land. PBE and PARMS have teamed up with a private company, Sentinel Plastic Manufacturing Corporation, to channel low-value waste from the malls for upcycling purposes. PBE is training


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a local recycler and a local upcycler, Sentinel Corporation, on how to turn this waste (e.g., plastic bags, laminates, cups, sachets), which typically would be transported to landfills, into upcycled, marketable products, such as interlocking building blocks, parking bumpers, pallets, and bollards. The plastic waste that is no longer separated and recovered for resale by the hauling contractor are targeted by the project. Sentinel has replaced the Parañaque City Material Recovery Facility as the conduit for upcycling low-value plastic waste. In the past quarter, PBE initiated contact with mall tenants who produce large volumes of waste, such as the Jollibee Corporations (Jollibee, Greenwich, Chowking) to explore options to reduce their single-use plastic waste consumption and to shift to alternative products. Due to limitations in in-person interactions, a Viber community was established to communicate with mall tenants. The platform will be used to share best practices in waste management and reminders on the implementation of the mall’s SWM policy. For organic waste, which is biodegradable, PBE is in discussions with Waste 2 Worth to install an on-site biodigester unit. Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines (GAIA) Grant Period: April 1, 2019 – May 31, 2021 GAIA promotes a zero-waste approach to waste management that emphasizes responsible production, consumption, reuse, and recovery of materials. The GAIA project is managing field-based activities through sub-awards to GreenViet in Hoi An and the Cham Islands, Vietnam and to Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (YPBB) in Bandung, Indonesia. GAIA collaborated with YPBB to host a two-week Zero Waste Academy training in Bandung for local organizations wanting to learn about the Zero Waste model pioneered by GAIA and Mother Earth Foundation (Philippines) in Asia. MWRP grantee organizations, Divers Clean Action and Gringgo Indonesia Foundation, sent representatives to the training course. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, GAIA has held a series of webinars on its Zero Waste model, protocols for handling waste during a pandemic, single-use plastic reduction policies, and combatting incineration. GAIA’s global partners provided GAIA-Philippines with donations of PPE, which were distributed to YPBB’s informal waste collectors in Bandung and to other member organizations throughout Asia. Mother Earth Foundation Grant Period: July 1, 2019 – May 31, 2021 The Mother Earth Foundation project in Batangas City operates in cooperation with the City Environment and Natural Resources Office (CENRO), its SWM contractor Metrowaste, and community residents and businesses. The project is organized around three objectives:

1) Facilitate in 30 barangays in Batangas City the Zero Waste model, which includes decentralization of separated waste collection, regulation of single-use plastics, and recovery of high-value disposables, such as organic waste and recyclable materials.

2) In cooperation with CENRO, improve enforcement of SWM regulations, prepare barangay SWM Plans and ordinances, and train environment enforcement officers.

3) Guide local organizations and community leaders to ensure sustainable implementation of the Zero Waste barangay SWM model past project completion.

The approach targets ~55% waste recovery and 90% compliance among households practicing at-source waste separation.


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As of September 30, 2020, Mother Earth has worked in 18 barangays with community facilitators and CENRO on door-to-door information campaigns targeting barangay officials, residents, and businesses. Barangays were guided on how to improve their collection schedules/routes, the physical condition of material recovery facilities, enforcement of SWM regulations, and management of their recycling, composting, and gardening spaces. Mother Earth staff mobilized members of the women’s Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program and youth leaders in the Sangguniang Kabataan to support project activities. During Q3 FY2020, Mother Earth was forced to pause field activities. In cooperation with CENRO, Mother Earth restarted field activities in July 2020 with training of barangay officials in SWM planning. Mother Earth has resumed its information, education, and communication (IEC) door-to-door campaign to individual households and 11,800 households continue waste separation at source. CENRO is also rehabilitating 18 barangay material recovery facilities. In Q4 PY-4, 670 tons of organic waste and recyclables were collected. Although several barangays are still in some form of lockdown, if conditions permit, Mother Earth expects to gradually expand its fieldwork activities to reach 30 barangays. University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGA) Grant Period: October 1, 2019 – May 31, 2021 The UGA project has faced obstacles executing its implementation plan, with disruptions coming from the Taal volcano eruption in January 2020 followed by the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020. At present, UGA staff are prevented from traveling to the Philippines and surrogates are not allowed to conduct in-person events. In response to the current impediments to implementation, the NGO Save Philippine Seas has received a sub-award to conduct on-the-ground data collection and will serve as UGA’s principal project agent in the Philippines. The UGA project will train Save Phillipine Seas in the next quarter to conduct a Circular Assessment Protocol (CAP) study for the Manila Bay area, consulting with DENR, Manila Bay Task Force, Metro Manila Development Authority, and the 17 city governments comprising Metro Manila. UGA’s research design, data collection methods, and outputs will contribute to the government’s plans for rehabilitating Manila Bay, by yielding a comprehensive set of recommendations on how to reduce plastic waste leakage into Manila Bay. Save Philippine Seas is expected to begin data collection in the field in the second quarter of PY-5. UGA completed a literature review on existing SWM and plastic leakage data on Manila Bay, as well as a social media analysis to track conversations about plastic pollution in the Phillipines. UGA has also created the training modules for Save our Phillipine Seas, in preparation for its upcoming fieldwork. UGA will produce a final CAP report and a technical paper that will be peer-reviewed for publication in an international journal. Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PRRCFI) – SM Supermalls Grant Period: October 1, 2019 – March 15, 2021 The PRRCFI project “AweSMseas” is part of MWRP’s broader focus on improving SWM and recycling in the communities bordering Manila Bay. PRRCFI partners with SM Supermalls, the


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largest shopping mall chain (72 malls with 4.2 million daily visitors) in the country. PRRCFI collaborates with SM Cares, the corporate social responsibility (CSR) division of SM Supermalls, to leverage the company’s mall infrastructure as prime locations for executing its waste communications strategy. The project goal is to educate tenants and customers on the issue of mismanaged plastic waste, how it impacts them and their environment, and promote behavior change regarding waste reduction and recycling. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the communications strategy due to the closure of malls, restaurants, cinemas, and fitness centers beginning in March 2020. Although the malls have reopened, strict social distancing measures limit the number of visitors. The “AweSMseas” campaign was launched in June 2020 during World Oceans Month. In July and August 2020, the campaign’s key visual and social media content was also projected in select SM digital assets, such as the SM Globe at the SM Mall of America grounds in Metro Manila. Digital content was created and shared through the PRRCFI and SM Supermalls social media pages, including a 60 second video titled “What Happens After the Fun?” that premiered on September 19 on International Coastal Cleanup Day. The “AweSMseas” campaign launch was featured in articles by two major Filipino newspapers, the Manila Post and the Manila Times. PRRCFI and the NGO Save Philippine Seas developed infographics to encourage consumers to follow zero waste practices and posted these infographics on the PRRCFI and SM Facebook pages, receiving more than one million hits as of September 30, 2020. COMPLETED GRANTS DURING PY-4: Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation (PRRCFI) – Negros Island (The grant concluded in PY-4 on March 31, 2020.) PRRCFI led a design workshop that resulted in the introduction of Fishbolan, an interactive mobile museum to teach citizens about the threat of plastic pollution to food security and public health. Designed to look like a real fish food cart decorated with recycled plastic, the Fishbolan museum featured games, interactive models, and informational products that outlined action steps for communities to reduce ocean plastic pollution. In addition to Fishbolan, PRRCFI hosted a Plastic Waste Solutions Summit attended by NGOs, community leaders, and local government officials from eight municipalities/cities to raise awareness of the ocean plastic pollution problem on the island and to agree on appropriate mitigation approaches. PRRCFI worked with these same local governments to develop Municipal Action Plans on Plastic Waste to enable more effective SWM and to enact ordinances to reduce single-use plastic waste. PRRCFI prototyped eight zero-waste convenience stores (sari-sari) as social enterprises, demonstrating market solutions that reduce plastic waste on the consumer side. The sari-sari stores, ubiquitous on community streets, have become a major source of plastic sachet waste nationwide. Under this new zero-waste business model, consumers buy essential household products, supplied in bulk by Nestlé and local brands, at a reduced price as an incentive for using inexpensive, reusable containers instead of plastic sachets.


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Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC) (The grant concluded in PY-4 on September 30, 2020.) The C3MC project was implemented in Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, an environmentally sensitive area in eastern Philippines. C3MC strengthened relationships between SWM stakeholders from the city government’s environmental office and the neighborhood-level barangay (including the barangay SWM committees) in five marine protected coastal areas (MPA). C3MC assisted the barangays with drafting SWM plans, that included household separation at source, and with effectively formalizing the role of independent waste collectors in and integrating them into the city’s waste collection system. The C3MC team built the capacity of barangay staff to prepare educational materials and conduct community trainings on proper household-level waste separation and recycling. The project’s advocacy efforts raised the city’s and public’s awareness of the impact of ocean plastic waste, promoted improved household waste management practices, and integrated existing informal plastic recycling value chains with the city’s growing solid waste management efforts. 2.6.2 Sri Lanka

Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) Grant Period: October 1, 2018 – March 15, 2021 In recent years, the Government of Sri Lanka, private sector, environmental groups and civil society have agreed on the importance of managing post-consumer plastics to reduce pollution and to improve public health. However, they have been unable to reach consensus on how to balance competing interests and develop a functional extended producer responsibility (EPR) approach to manage plastic waste. The Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) - working with the Central Environment Authority (CEA), Ministry of Environment and Wildlife, and private sector - established a National EPR Steering Committee tasked with developing an EPR roadmap that outlines a comprehensive public-private mechanism for the environmentally conscious treatment and disposal of post-consumer products. Through its leadership role in the EPR Development Subcommittee appointed by the larger Committee, CCC provided financial and human resources to complete technical studies on global EPR experiences, the plastic value chain, local market conditions, and EPR financial and governance policy models for common plastic items. CCC organized a series of private sector meetings and consultative workshops to obtain input and to define potential EPR approaches. From July to September 2020, with input from the various sectors (fast moving consumer goods, importers and producers of plastic packaging, recycling, dairy, apparel, tourism, and academia), the subcommittee finalized a draft EPR Roadmap. The draft EPR Roadmap includes detailed recommendations for the legislative framework and operating structure. The subcommittee also identified elements that should be included in a future Cabinet Paper on the operationalization of EPR. The draft EPR Roadmap was submitted to the Project Steering Committee in late September 2020, where it will be developed into a Cabinet Paper for further consideration by the national government and possible passage into law.


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Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) Grant Period: July 13, 2018 – April 13, 2021 The Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) project is supporting the Government of Sri Lanka to improve the existing legal framework for SWM and ocean plastic debris. PILF conducted in-depth reviews of the existing national legal and regulatory framework and produced a Draft Legal Framework Report. This draft document was shared subsequently with key national government ministries for review and comment. With the COVID-19 pandemic limiting the option of holding a national forum to discuss the draft report, PILF shifted its approach to several online virtual workshops with government ministries. The virtual events helped PILF to identify which laws required changes and updates while also allowing PILF to present previously unconsidered topics, such as microplastic beads used in cosmetics and other products. With the national government’s input secured through the virtual workshops, PILF is preparing the Final Legal Framework Report. The document will outline the harmonized positions of the government ministries on the legal and regulatory approach to managing plastic use, waste management, and recycling in Sri Lanka. In the coming months, PILF will work with two local authorities to increase knowledge of the legal instruments on SWM/recycling that apply to their localities and assist them with implementing appropriate regulatory enforcement measures in their communities. COMPLETED PROJECTS DURING PY-4: Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre (The grant concluded in PY-4 on March 31, 2020.) Sevanatha’s project operated in a large municipal council outside Colombo, Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia (DMMC), and provided technical assistance and training to promote increased collaboration between SWM service providers (local authorities, informal waste collectors, recyclers, and private sector) and the main waste generators (households, businesses, industries). The project raised public awareness of the importance of waste separation at source and recycling of plastic waste materials. The project targeted underserved neighborhoods and fostered recognition and registration of independent waste collectors by the DMMC. The project team compiled an inventory of neighborhood waste collectors, recycling intermediaries, and large recycling firms. Sevanatha facilitated interactions among these entities and the local authority SWM service providers to promote a more competitive plastic recycling value chain. With Sevanatha’s technical assistance, the Badowita neighborhood recycling center (“Badowita”) expanded operations by upgrading its equipment and infrastructure, training staff, and increasing outreach to community residents. Sevanatha also strengthened Badowita’s financial relationships with recycling firms, by helping Badowita identify intermediary recycling companies that could provide the best prices for its materials (Badowita subsequently developed commercial relationships with some of those firms). Finally, in partnership with DMMC, Sevanatha compiled an inventory of the informal waste collectors working in the city and the medium and large-scale recycling firms operating in the western province and disseminated it to stakeholders to help sellers get optimum prices for their materials and to increase competition in the SWM sector.


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DMMC took over sole management of the Badowita recycling center at the conclusion of the project. Sevanatha’s community facilitation team worked with community leaders and independent waste collectors, and gained entry, through those networks, to urban neighborhoods with high pollution rates and weak SWM collection. The community leaders and IWCs were invaluable in building relationships with community households and businesses. Sevanatha supported women in setting up small recycling operations and linked them to recycling intermediaries. Sevanatha also implemented an ambitious component in schools to educate school children on the environmental harm of plastic waste pollution and to help teachers and administrators establish recycling and waste reduction programs in their schools. Through its project activities, Sevanatha deepened its relationships with regional and national government SWM and environmental authorities and was consulted on SWM policymaking issues by the Western Province Waste Management Authority and Central Environment Authority. Janathakshan (Guarantee) Limited (The grant concluded in PY-4 on December 31, 2019.) Janathakshan focused its technical assistance on businesses that were the main sources of plastic waste: supermarkets, hotels, restaurants, and fishing harbors. The grantee helped supermarkets, including the largest supermarket chain in Sri Lanka, Keels, participate in the Negombo Municipal Council’s Green Star program, which is a quality control system that rates businesses on their reduction of single-use plastics. The project assisted Keels and 13 other supermarkets in Negombo to raise awareness among more than 3,000 customers and store staff on how to reduce single-use plastic bag consumption and piloted a “no plastic shopping bag” hour that reinforced the city’s efforts to reduce the volume of plastic bags. Janathakshan’s community facilitators trained women and youth volunteers to carry out a door-to-door waste separation education campaign with households and businesses. Janathakshan collaborated with the Negombo Port Authority, Fisheries Department, and the private sector to put in place a system for monitoring the number of PET bottles leaving the harbor in fishing boats and promoting recycling for returning fishing boats. Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) – Galle (The grant concluded in PY-4 on June 30, 2020.) This SLCDF project was based in 22 villages located outside Galle along the Gin Ganga River and surrounding coastal areas. The communities were plagued with inefficient municipal SWM collection and often burned their waste or disposed of it in nearby waterways. The project approach was developed within the broader concept of environmental protection that encompassed waste management and waste recycling. At the start of the project, SLCDF surveyed the communities to determine local attitudes and practices in SWM/recycling. The findings resulted in a project plan with three components:

1) Raise awareness and build local capacity of SWM/recycling through a community participation model utilizing women, youth, and school children.


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2) Train community residents on waste separation, collection, and facilitation in the recycling of plastics by linking collectors to recycling intermediaries and to the landfill in the adjoining district.

3) Enhance the livelihoods of community residents by stimulating income generation from waste materials (i.e., composting biodegradable waste for home gardening; collecting and selling recyclables and reusable plastics; and training community members in making products that can be used as alternatives to single-use plastics).

SLCDF partnered with six community-based organizations (CBOs), selecting and training community environmental facilitators to lead project outreach and education. The strategy enabled the SLCDF team to train 12,000 community residents on the hazards of plastic pollution, the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), income generation, composting, home gardening, and coordination with Pradeshiya Sabhas officials, Ministry of Education, Department of Agriculture, and Department of Local Government. The project team worked with village school administrators and teachers to organize environmental clubs and reduce/recycle plastic in their schools. The project team provided 17 independent waste collectors with training, recycling market linkages, bicycles, and waste storage areas to promote the collection/sale of plastic waste. At the conclusion of the project, 84% of village households were separating waste and the three Pradeshiya Sabhas had drafted SWM Plans for 2021-25. Lanka Upcycles (The grant concluded in PY-4 on June 30, 2020.) The Lanka Upcycles Waste Less Arugam Bay (WLAB) project was based in the tourist destination of Arugam Bay on the east coast of Sri Lanka. The project targeted behavior change approaches for three key demographic groups: school children, small tourism business owners, and tourists. The centerpiece was a plastic recycling demonstration and learning center built in two recycled metal shipping containers. The WLAB center offered tourists and community residents a low-cost filtered water dispensary to reduce the volume of plastic water bottles purchased in the community, showcased equipment that turned plastic waste into simple upcycled products, and streamed videos to raise awareness of the importance of reducing, reusing, and recycling plastic. Group and individual educational activities were organized at the center and local schools, using learning materials and games designed by Waste Less India. Lanka Upcycles established a recycling operation in the Arugam Bay municipality in cooperation with local tourism businesses that separated and collected their plastic waste for daily pickup. Lanka Upcycles collected the recyclable plastic waste materials from these businesses for resale to large national recycling companies. The project is creating a social enterprise model—based on the business of sustainable plastics collection and recycling/upcycling—that can be replicated in other locations with a high volume of tourists. Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) – Jaffna (The grant concluded in PY-4 on September 30, 2020.) The SLCDF project implemented in the north in Jaffna Municipal Council and three adjacent local authorities (LA) raised public awareness, particularly of women and youth, to support government efforts to efficiently reduce, reuse, and recycle plastic waste. SLCDF collaborated


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with the local authorities to establish multi-stakeholder SWM advisory groups. SLCDF technical experts facilitated a participatory consultation approach to help the Chavakachcheri, Point Pedro, and Valvettithurai Urban Councils develop community SWM plans. The joint SLCDF/Local Authority public awareness campaigns disseminated information to community residents and businesses on the important roles they play in using alternatives to single-use plastics and improving waste collection efficiency. SLCDF trained 14,000 community residents, businesses, and government officials in SWM and recycling, achieved 16,000 Facebook followers on its youth-led Plastic Zero Forum initiative, and formed 212 environment clubs in schools in the Jaffna area. 2.6.3 Vietnam

Center for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD) – Ha Long Bay Grant Period: July 3, 2018 – December 31, 2020 The MCD project targets improvements to the plastic waste collection, sorting, and treatment processes at the UNESCO World Heritage site of Ha Long Bay. MCD led exploratory dialogues with stakeholder groups – Ha Long Bay Management Board members, public sector employees responsible for waste collection in the harbor area, fishing boat owners, public market vendors, and residents of three coastal neighborhoods. MCD worked with each group to identify the major SWM/recycling obstacles to reducing the consumption of single-use plastic products and to improving the collection of recyclables and residual waste. As a result of the consultations, MCD and the community are piloting new SWM initiatives that they plan to scale up. The initiatives entail physical improvements of city waste management facilities, such as public collection and sorting bins, offshore on-boat waste collection and sorting, onshore sorting and sale of recyclables as economic incentives, and treatment of non-recyclables through engaging with the private sector. MCD also reached an agreement with the Public Utilities and Services Management Board of Ha Long City to design, produce, and install three floating waste bins in the harbor, upgrade existing harbor bins, and place waste classification bins in the public markets. Despite operational limitations due to COVID-19, MCD trained government environment officials, garbage collection workers of public markets, fishing boat owners, community residents, and small businesses and market vendors on the implementation of the pilot activities. These activities are nearing completion and are in the process of being evaluated. In collaboration with the Ha Long Market #1 Management Board, MCD finalized the content and design of a Facebook fan page that covers MWRP events, workshops, art competitions, and IEC materials. MCD also helped the board produce communication materials that it will be using to promote improved SWM and recycling practices. In addition, the MCD community facilitation team continued promoting and coaching households on waste separation at source and recycling in residential neighborhoods.


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Center for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD) – Nam Dinh Grant Period: July 3, 2018 – December 31, 2020 In Nam Dinh, the MCD project is demonstrating to local environment authorities the use of low-tech waste traps on the Red River and have begun raising the community’s awareness about the traps. MCD worked with regional universities on the waste trap design and obtained permits from local authorities from Tran Te Xuang ward after community consultation meetings. The waste trap is operated and monitored by a joint MCD-government team that gathers data on the design and its collection effectiveness. MCD, waterway management officials, and community leaders conducted field missions to identify sites to install the second and third waste traps, although the COVID-19 pandemic has delayed the installation. These new traps will incorporate changes in the design to help improve their efficacy. MCD released a project video “The Journey of Waste” on the flow of plastic waste down the Red River to the trash trapper and on to the recycling facility in Nam Dinh. In addition, MCD carried out a survey to collect data on the informal recycling sector in Nam Dinh and trained 46 local officials and 134 community members on SWM and waste classification. The project conducted a communications campaign “Ocean Talk” to increase students’ awareness of solid waste and ocean plastic waste management, reaching 700 students, teachers, and staff from the My Tan secondary school. Lastly, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) invited MCD to participate in national consultations and to provide written comments on ocean plastic pollution that will be incorporated in the revisions being made to the national Law on Environmental Protection of 2014. GAIA Philippines / Subgrantee: GreenViet Biodiversity Conservation Centre (GreenViet) Grant Period: April 1, 2019 – May 31, 2021 The Government of Vietnam and Quang Nam Province Peoples Committee completed their reviews and approval of the GreenViet project application after one year. The official project launch and signing was held in Hoi An in June 2020. In recent months, GreenViet worked closely with the Cu Lao Cham Marine Protected Areas Office (MPA) and Women’s Union to conduct baseline research on SWM in the Cam Thanh and Tan Hiep communes, waste perception surveys, waste assessments and brand audits. However, the resurgence of COVID-19 in Central Vietnam, particularly in Da Nang, forced GreenViet to suspend its field activities in September 2020. GreenViet is continuing to design its door-to-door education campaign strategy and to prepare Five-Year SWM Plans for the two communes. During the lockdown, GreenViet conducted virtual training courses for local stakeholders and 60 households in pilot neighborhoods to improve waste management awareness and waste separation at source. The time it took to secure government approval of the project and the COVID-19 pandemic caused implementation delays that resulted in a GreenViet subgrant amendment extending the project to May 31, 2021.


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COMPLETED PROJECTS DURING PY-4: Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA) (The grant concluded in PY-4 on June 30, 2020.) The ENDA project fostered cooperation between IWC organizations, the Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE), and the People’s Committee of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) to improve the city’s SWM and recycling systems. The IWC cooperatives’ advocacy efforts with district and city environmental authorities resulted in official directives (Decision No.38) to increase household fees for waste collection paid to IWCs. The doubling of household fees led to a significant increase in IWCs’ incomes, although community compliance still remains challenging. ENDA/IWC’s advocacy efforts also resulted in a HCMC People’s Committee directive (Decision No.4448) that delayed the requirement for IWCs to utilize small trucks for waste collection instead of motorized carts. ENDA organized numerous public events at schools, street fairs, and canal cleanups, to promote improved community relationships with the IWCs, household waste separation at source, and recycling. ENDA developed a series of IWC photo-biographies that highlighted the challenging work being done by IWCs and their importance to maintaining a clean city and environment. The ENDA Program Manager, Nguyen Thi Hoai Linh, participated as a panelist in several webinars sponsored by the USAID/Land and Urban Office on the gender impact of ENDA’s project. ENDA’s long-standing collaboration with IWCs culminated this year with the creation of the HCMC IWC Cooperative Alliance (“Dong Tam”), which is made up of eight cooperatives with 1,232 IWC members. The IWC Cooperative Alliance strengthens the collective presence of the IWC member groups and their advocacy efforts with the city government. The alliance is expected to provide new opportunities for its members to access improved financial and social services. For instance, the alliance has already signed an agreement with an MFI to facilitate its members’ access to credit. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, ENDA secured funding to provide 2,100 IWCs with hand sanitizer and PPE, as well as facilitated health coverage for IWCs from the HCMC People’s Committee Centre for Supporting Green Developments (GreenHub) (The grant concluded in PY-4 on September 30, 2020.) GreenHub’s project in the Cat Ba Archipelago and Ha Long Bay focused on researching and piloting scalable, environmentally-friendly solutions to replace polystyrene contained in buoyancy devices for aquaculture farms. The project team worked with local fishing cooperatives, the private sector, and university researchers to find alternatives to the aquaculture farms’ rapidly deteriorating Styrofoam platforms. With project support, the Ha Long City government issued regulations to mandate the use of materials for floating aquaculture that would replace existing Styrofoam floats with new products that would not pollute the marine environment. GreenHub, aquaculturists, and Ha Long Bay fishery authorities tested several product options to determine their suitability, durability, and economic viability. A pilot demonstration showed


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that a standard Styrofoam buoy painted with a special “Line-X” paint produced excellent results in slowing the buoys’ disintegration process, reducing their environmental impact on the ocean. This option was subsequently approved for local use by the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Quang Ninh province. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic toll on the Van Chai Ha Long Tourism Service Cooperative, GreenHub provided the Cooperative with 25 Line-X painted Styrofoam buoys. The project supported the Women’s Union of Ha Long City to improve SWM and recycling in several wards. The Women’s Union groups were trained in separating high-value plastic waste for resale and reusing plastic advertising panels and brick wrappers to make shopping bags. Women’s groups were advised on how to dispose of discarded plastic face masks used during the COVID-19 pandemic and to produce washable cloth face masks. The GreenHub manual on Household Solid Waste (Vol.1) was reprinted as part of its series “Solid Waste Management and Brand Audit: A Practical Guide” and circulated among local partners to use in trainings. World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) (The grant concluded on September 30, 2020.) The WWF project on Phu Quoc island supported the District People’s Committee’s (DPC) commitment to establish an island-wide platform that would address serious problems with solid waste, plastic pollution, and recycling. The project’s major contribution was the formation of the public-private Phu Quoc SWM Platform, a partnership through which WWF raised the awareness of 40 major tourism businesses and dozens of small enterprises. Participating businesses displayed a certificate that recognized their efforts to reduce their plastic waste footprint. The platform achieved broad multi-sectoral participation, with active involvement from the Phu Quoc DPC, DONRE, Office of Education, Chamber of Commerce, Public Services Management Board, Women’s Union, Youth Union, civil society groups, and the provincial media. A major achievement of the platform was its support to the Phu Quoc DPC in passing an island-wide Marine Debris Action Plan. WWF and the platform hosted many public events to promote the protection of small islands and coral reefs from plastic pollution. With the Phu Quoc Environment Department, an event was held at the An Thoi international harbor to educate 400 fishing boat owners and tour operators on how to reduce ocean plastic pollution. WWF implemented an island-wide communications campaign in Phu Quoc’s 25 schools, training teachers on how to use project infographics in classroom activities. WWF also installed 50 recycling cages for plastic waste. In the concluding months, WWF announced the publication of a comic book titled “Mystery of Big Island” in digital (English digital version here) and hard copy formats. WWF worked with the Phu Quoc Economic Office to prepare a communications toolkit (posters, presentations, flyers, handouts, infographics, etc.) on ocean plastic pollution. A project close-out workshop was held on September 14 with the Phu Quoc Platform members and the general public to discuss the project’s accomplishments and next steps for sustaining community action on SWM/recycling, reducing single-use plastics, and combatting ocean plastic pollution. At the project close, the platform’s members included 20 major hotel chains and tourism businesses, most of which had introduced alternatives to single-use plastic disposables.


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2.6.4 Indonesia

Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (Bintari Foundation) Grant Period: October 1, 2018 – March 15, 2021 Bintari’s project is organized around three objectives: (1) improve the solid waste recycling policies of Semarang’s municipal government; (2) improve the capacity of waste recycling groups and the participation of consumers in 50 urban neighborhoods; and (3) test and implement EPR with the private sector, government, and consumers. Following dialogues with Semarang’s Environmental Agency (EA) officials, community members, and academics, Bintari finalized its SWM policy recommendations, prepared a policy brief, and distributed the document to the relevant government institutions. The five major policy areas identified for Semarang City government to take action were to:

1) Close gaps in city waste recycling policies, 2) Restructure city transfer stations and the neighborhood waste banks, 3) Improve networking with the informal waste collectors, 4) Identify effective approaches to engage communities, and 5) Increase gender inclusiveness in waste bank organizations.

The city government agreed to invest in expanding the number and outreach of community waste banks and city transfer stations. The city government also agreed to establish a more sustainable waste bank business model, assign EA staff to monitor/support waste bank progress, and promote the inclusion of more men into waste banks. Bintari’s policy proposals were published in two journal articles and in online media. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the project collaborated with the Semarang EA to disseminate information and tools/equipment to waste banks to reinforce appropriate health and safety measures. Bintari works with 54 community waste banks (7,105 members) to expand their outreach and promote sustainable operations. Integral to this process is intensive training sessions for bank sampah (waste bank) leaders in business operations, financial management, and health/safety. Bintari’s research brought the understanding that transforming the bank sampah model was a prerequisite for their long-term survival. Bintari recognized the need to increase the number of participating members in each waste bank, improve collection rates and income, and to change waste bank management from a social-based to a socio-economic-based model. Bintari is assisting the waste banks with this management transition by introducing new services and investment opportunities (i.e., e-payments linked to the Indonesia National Bank, microcredit, gold investment linked to a public sector pawn company, and payment for groceries with recyclable materials). Bintari is monitoring the impacts of its interventions and changes to the waste bank model. Bintari collaborated with 64 noodle stalls and PT Indofood to test an EPR model for recycling multi-layer, low-value plastic packaging. Indofood and the Semarang EA provided a subsidy for collection of multi-layer packaging. Indofood, Coca-Cola and PT Marimas implemented waste take-back schemes whereas Nestlé and Unilever supported waste banks directly. As a result of


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these take-back schemes, companies, such as Coca-Cola, are processing the plastic waste generated from their products individually rather than leaving it to local waste banks, which would increase the waste banks’ total volumes of plastic waste. The processing of the multi-layer plastics into alternative products remains challenging with private companies continuing research into potential options. Bintari concluded that the current voluntary private sector approach suffered from low collection rates and high costs to producers. The Central Java EA has taken up the EPR findings from Bintari/Semarang’s pilot activities and is studying potential EPR regulation. Yayasan Misool Baseftin (Misool Foundation) Grant Period: October 1, 2018 – December 31, 2020 The Misool Bank Sampah Project is improving the operation, collection volume, and economic sustainability of its large recycling operation in Sorong City, Raja Ampat. The project team trained the recycling center's operations staff and the community engagement team responsible for setting up new community collection units and promoting their use by local residents. Misool provided technical assistance to Sorong City to support its efforts to expand garbage collection services and to design and pilot test a SWM fee-for-service mechanism targeting households and businesses. During the first year, the Misool project doubled the recycling center’s volume of collected recycled plastic waste to an annual rate of 200 metric tons, enabling the center to cover more of its operating expenses. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a reduction in collection rates from community units with income currently covering only 35% of expenses. Misool accelerated its community outreach activities to grow the number of community collection units and members in locations managed principally by community-based groups and some individuals. Misool organized 96 collection units, although half of the collection units were inactive during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Misool and the Sorong EA are re-activating the collection units and helping informal waste collectors resume work with appropriate health and safety protocols and equipment (boots, masks, gloves, and goggles). In the last quarter, to address income shortfalls, Misool initiated a private fee-for-service arrangement for garbage collection with several local businesses, harbors, and residential subdivisions as its first group of customers. GAIA Philippines / Subgrantee: Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (YPBB) Grant Period: April 1, 2019 – May 31, 2021 YPBB is implementing a Zero Waste model to 17 densely populated neighborhoods (Rukun Warga or RW) with 5,265 households in the Coblong District of Bandung City. Together with neighborhood government officials, YPBB introduced the project’s SWM/recycling approach to residents through door-to-door education campaigns. The government’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic brought restrictions to YPBB’s ability to conduct field-based, face-to-face interactions. With GAIA’s support, YPBB proactively supported waste collectors and the Bandung EA in Coblong with information on COVID-19 safety protocols, emphasizing proper hygiene. YPBB provided funding to waste collectors for sanitizer and PPE. YPBB shifted quickly to online platforms, such as WhatsApp chat groups, as


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alternative communication tools to monitor and guide activities in the RWs. The 17 RWs are in various stages of implementation, ranging from door-to-door collection to door-to-door education to initial meetings with community leaders. YPBB continued providing technical support to the Bandung EA, which is struggling to enforce a mandatory sorting regulation that requires households to separate waste at source and participate in the Zero Waste Cities program. YPBB advised eight kelurahans (Indonesian villages) on the completion of their community SWM plans and will assist another 14 kelurahans with their SWM plans. YPBB coordinated a two-week Zero Waste training program in Indonesia for NGOs and has organized several virtual workshops in recent months. Divers Clean Action (DCA) Grant Period: April 1, 2019 – March 15, 2021 The DCA project in the Thousand Islands located off the coast of Jakarta is improving waste management practices through capacity building and information sharing of SWM with households and government representatives at the island and provincial (Sudin LH) levels. DCA established an inter-sectoral coordination mechanism to strengthen policies that promote a circular economy. DCA conducted multi-stakeholder focus group discussions jointly with the Kepulauan Seribu EA on SWM issues and enforcement challenges. DCA collected baseline data on SWM on the largest islands and conducted technical, social, and waste assessments. DCA worked with the Regional Tourism Agency, National Park of Kepulauan Seribu, and provincial authorities to conduct SWM trainings with island government representatives, schools, and tourism businesses. Building on its Zero Waste training, DCA pursued household-level outreach in tandem with government community facilitators to educate households on SWM/recycling and waste separation at source. DCA facilitates the transportation of collected recyclable products from waste banks on several islands in Kepulauan Seribu to the mainland. DCA cooperated with the provincial authorities, the “Orange Shirts” waste collection team, to develop a set of standard operating procedures (SOP) for waste collection personnel. The SOP clarified staff roles and data requirements for accurate performance monitoring. Danone continued to subsidize the prices paid for plastic recyclables collected from the islands. The project also opened a bulk store on Pramulka Island where customers can refill reusable containers with daily household products, such as soaps and shampoos. Following six months of remote operation due to the COVID-19 pandemic, DCA has re-deployed its field staff to the islands. The DCA team maintained frequent communication with the Sudin LH and waste collection personnel and participated in more than 20 virtual workshops targeting Kepulauan Seribu residents and other Indonesians. The bulk store remained open throughout the pandemic as did DCA’s work to facilitate regular boat transport of residual waste and recyclables to the mainland.


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Gringgo Indonesia Foundation (Gringgo) Grant Period: April 1, 2019 – May 31, 2021 Gringgo’s project is engaged in improving the SWM/recycling systems of three villages in Denpasar. The project is focused on promoting recycling and the use of innovative mobile applications to expand the collection of plastic waste materials from households and businesses and, subsequently, increase the income of independent and formal sector waste collectors. After signing cooperation agreements with the three villages, Gringgo recruited student volunteers from the communities and trained them in crowdsourcing data collection methods. The project is using a Solid Waste Artificial Intelligence (SWAI) application to identify the prevalent types of recyclable waste. More than 10,000 images have been inputted into the project database. A public domain application, EpiCollect 5, is being used by Gringgo to organize survey data obtained from waste collectors and households on SWM practices. The generated information will be provided to the village environment offices to assist them with the planning and implementation of solid waste collection. Gringgo completed a comprehensive SWM database on the human and physical SWM infrastructure of the three villages, although faced restrictions on its activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Even though tourism in Bali opened on August 1 to Indonesian nationals, the three villages officials did not permit any field-based activities and were not responsive to telephone and email communications. During this period, Gringgo’s technology team worked remotely on its application development. As of now, Gringgo is able to restart fieldwork with the informal waste collectors, community residents, and village SWM officials. The Gringgo project period was extended to May 31, 2021 to allow the project to make up for delays. Center for Public Policy Transformation (Transformasi) Grant Period: April 5, 2019 – May 31, 2021 Transformasi is strengthening the Gowa District government’s SWM sector support to community actions, drawing upon the experience and best practices of a citywide bank sampah functioning in nearby Makassar City. Transformasi completed an assessment of the Makassar City’s central waste bank model, which serves as a guide for Gowa to establish a similar Central Waste Recycling Center (UPTD). Transformasi helped Gowa district to draft a comprehensive set of UPTD standard operating procedures that are being practiced. The project worked with its local NGO subgrantee, Yayasan Peduli Negeri (YPN), to establish 18 community waste banks. Transformasi completed a Capacity Development Needs Assessment of the local government’s SWM system in February 2020. The assessment included an analysis of Gowa’s development plans and budget projections and recommended that the government improve cross-sectoral coordination in SWM, increase the number and capacity of human resources in SWM, and strengthen the enforcement of laws. In March 2020, the project hosted a workshop for the Gowa EA and community waste banks to share findings from the


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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) survey (survey findings are described in the adjacent text box). The KAP is an important tool for SWM planning and for the new and existing waste banks linked to the Gowa UPTD. The project recently restarted field activities, including coordination meetings with the Gowa district government, relevant technical agencies, and bank sampah members. YPN also continued supporting the formation of the remaining 22 bank sampah. The project goal is to set up 40 new bank sampah and to strengthen 10 existing bank sampah. The Gowa district regent emphasized the need for Transformasi’s project to organize bank sampah in each village and to reinforce the villages’ linkages to the Gowa UPTD. The Gowa EA is reviewing its UPTD budget allocation for the next fiscal year but indicated that there should be adequate funding to continue developing the service delivery capacity of the UPTD. Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastic (GIDKP) Grant Period: July 24, 2019 – May 31, 2021 The GIDKP project provides technical assistance to city and provincial government authorities in Metro Jakarta, Jakarta province, Cimahi City, and Bandung City to support existing and proposed legislation/regulations of single-use plastics. GIDKP’s special focus is assisting localities with reducing or eliminating their use of thin plastic bags. After lengthy advocacy efforts, GIDKP witnessed Bandung City’s approval last year of a new policy to reduce plastic bag utilization. The project continues its technical support to Bandung City to enforce these regulations. GIDKP organized a public launch of the regulations in Bandung City with representatives from media outlets, civil society, and the private sector. GIDKP also provided technical assistance to the Governor’s Office of Jakarta Province to draft regulations on the reduction of single-use plastic bag consumption in supermarkets and public markets. The regulations took effect in June 2020. Recently, GIDKP has been focused on developing a public awareness strategy to support the implementation of the regulations, which will target shopping malls, retail store areas, and traditional markets. GIDKP provided Jakarta and the Bandung Environmental Agency with guidelines on how to keep reducing single-use plastic during the COVID-19 pandemic. GIDKP made progress on the establishment of its Plastic Free Cities Forum. In September 2020, GIDKP hosted a webinar with ten participating cities, providing technical assistance on policy, regulation, and implementation approaches. The forum participants discussed the gap between national and local governments initiatives to manage waste properly - noting that city

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Survey Findings on Waste Management Behavior

Transformasi surveyed 400 individuals on their waste management behavior in 14 Urban Villages in Somba Opu Subdistrict. No respondent gave the correct definition of the 3Rs, highlighting a possible a disconnect between the use of English terms in a local Indonesian setting. Survey respondents wanted a clean environment but didn’t make the necessary behavior changes to accommodate that desire, as they felt it was the responsibility of the government to keep a clean environment. This was validated by low levels of household separation of waste and the lack of waste being brought to a waste bank / landfill. Cost proved to be a major inhibitor to waste management, as respondents noted that they did not want to reduce their consumption of cheap plastic and one fifth of the respondents noted their reluctance to pay a trash retribution (i.e., user fee), with only half of the respondents actually paying the retribution.


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efforts needed to be improved. Participants concluded that, at the city level, it was necessary to carry out studies on plastic waste generation. The results of the study should serve as the basis for determining a framework to address plastic management. The framework should incorporate three topics: 1) developing regulatory tools, 2) calculating operational costs and potential investments, and 3) developing information, education, and communication campaigns. This management framework has been implemented in Bandung and Cimahi with Zero Waste cities. In Indonesia, 34 cities have regulated plastic bags. GIDKP intends to bring these cities into the Plastic Free Cities Forum to collect and share experiences, knowledge, and strategies for replication throughout the country. The forum will also serve as an advocacy platform to promote these approaches to the national government, which has not yet embraced regulation of single-use plastic bags as national legislation. GIDKP completed a baseline data survey for single-use plastics in Cimahi City and compiled the recent baseline data for Jakarta, Bandung City, Bogor, and Banjarmasin authorities. GIDKP also accepted an invitation from the provincial government authorities in Bali to present the regulatory tools for facilitating implementation of single-use plastic bans on the island. GIDKP staff members frequently participated as panelists in national webinars on reducing plastic waste. GIDKP staff members also contributed to the making of an important video “The Story of Plastic”, which has been streamed worldwide.

2.7 Steps to Empower Women and Youth under MWRP

Targeting Men and Women for Waste Management Trainings DIG and WIEGO found that grantees were eager to include women in their waste trainings in an effort to increase women’s involvement in waste activities. Therefore, women were frequently the target of grantee-led waste management workshops and education events. Improved waste management, however, often leads to an increase in unpaid household waste separation at source. This unpaid waste separation work is typically seen as the responsibility of the woman, and these cultural expectations are further perpetuated when women are the targets for waste management trainings. WIEGO has been working with the grantees to ensure that men are also included in waste trainings. In PY-4, Bintari began targeting men in trainings on household waste separation which led to an increase in men actively sharing the responsibility of the unpaid waste management work in the household, which in turn allowed their wives to take on paid waste bank work. In Vietnam, WWF integrated waste reduction education into the local school curricula, another way in which grantees are targeting boys and girls equally. In the Philippines, GAIA requested WIEGO’s assistance in engaging men to become more involved in unpaid household waste work. Reporting and Analyzing Sex Disaggregated Data DIG observed an improvement in how grantees are reporting on their training activities. Grantees were initially reporting only the number of women who received training, indicating a lack of understanding of sex disaggregation as a tool for comparative analysis. DIG has noted an increase in grantees reporting on sex disaggregated data with better analysis of this data. PRRCFI, for example, consulted both women and men customers of SM Supermalls for its focus groups, and reported on and analyzed the data to find no significant differences in their responses. PRRCFI intends to track gender-differentiated behavioral impact from its virtual


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AweSMseas campaign. The EcoWaste Coalition, on the other hand, conducted an extensive survey on the attitudes and practices related to consumption and waste management, for which they collected and analyzed sex disaggregated data. Helping Informal Waste Collectors In PY-4, MWRP noted that as businesses began improving their waste management by exchanging plastic bottles for reusable containers, informal waste collectors (often women) were sidelined and lost the income they would normally generate from collecting plastic bottles. WWF addressed this head-on by targeting women waste pickers for roles in formal waste collection (this new focus started after WWF’s MWRP program ended). Gringgo also expects to improve employment opportunities of informal waste collectors by adapting their waste collection app to illiterate individuals, which are oftentimes women in the informal sector. Youth Engagement in Program Year 4 • SLCDF-Jaffna assisted schools in Jaffna and surrounding areas with setting up environmental

programs/clubs and activities at their facilities. For example, at Ilavalai Convent Maha Vidyalayam, students spend ten minutes every Friday to clean up the school’s surroundings; at Erlalai Maha Vidyalayam, the environmental club distributed brochures to the community about the repercussions of disposing plastic incorrectly; and at Union College, the students drove an initiative to gift each other plants on their birthdays to celebrate nature’s beauty. SLCDF also operationalized a Plastic Zero Forum on its Facebook page to raise awareness amongst youth on healthy, safe waste-handling procedures.

• WWF-Vietnam produced a comic book, “Mystery on Big Island”, for students, which tells the story of three children protecting their island from an infestation of plastic monsters. The digital versions of the comics are available in Vietnamese and English and are available for public download on the WWF Vietnam website. WWF also installed 50 recycling cages at 40 schools, with the hopes that this will decrease waste by at least four tons per year starting in the next school year. The schools will store and resell the plastics to vendors, generating funds for the school to provide books and notebooks to students.

• MCD’s Ha Long Bay held a youth art competition titled ‘Spread Blue Actions – Reduce Plastic Waste’ that was supported and publicized by Dow Chemical. The contest received 253 student entries.

• Inspired by PRRCFI’s work for a zero-waste sari sari store, Bulata National High School Principal Eiggy Duller Yap converted his school's cafeteria into a zero-waste canteen. The canteen serves healthy meals to 400 students and teachers daily using indigenous, biodegradable, and reusable materials, including banana leaf plates, bamboo mugs, and coconut shell bowls.

• Gringgo is training students from the community, high schools, and universities in crowdsourcing data collection methods to gather information on the prevalent types of recyclable waste.


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2.8 Local Capacity Building

The MWRP grantees’ technical assistance and training activities have built the capacities of a wide spectrum of local groups and organizations. These include: (i) city/municipal, provincial, and national government environmental agencies and related ministries; (ii) non-governmental organizations; (iii) community-based civil society groups; (iv) the private sector, including large multinational and national corporations, micro-, small and medium-sized businesses, recycling enterprises, and social enterprises; (v) informal sector waste workers; (vi) women and youth; (vii) teachers and student organizations; and (viii) community residents. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, governmental restrictions have been placed on public meetings, events, and personal movement within communities. The MWRP grantees’ capacity building activities shifted by necessity from face-to-face, field-based technical support to the use of remote tools – primarily communications channels via mobile phone and PC such as WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Zoom, Skype, Microsoft Teams, and Viber. This section highlights noteworthy local capacity-building activities during the fiscal year: Philippines: • Mother Earth Foundation coordinated with the Batangas City Environment and Natural

Resources Office (CENRO) to complete baseline surveys in 27 of the 30 targeted barangays to establish their capacity-building needs. The project shared a set of questionnaires with residents to document their practices, perceptions, and commitment towards SWM in their respective barangays. This information will help the locality and project team plan trainings at the city and household levels.

• PBE collaborated in February 2020 with the national government’s Department of Science and Technology’s (DOST) Environment and Biotechnology Division to train Robinsons Malls management teams and waste collectors on how to conduct a Waste Analysis and Characterization Survey (WACS).

• GAIA shifted its public awareness and technical assistance activities online with a series of webinars titled Learn by the Nuggets. An example was a webinar titled On the Frontlines: Waste Pickers & Workers in Asia (May 19) where Suchismita Pai of SWaCH (India) and Nguyen Thi Hoai Linh of ENDA (Vietnam) shared their work with IWCs, experiences during the pandemic, and recommendations for improving IWCs’ welfare and rights.

• Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC) implemented a door-to-door campaign from January – February 2020 on proper waste separation in Barangays San Jose, Irawan, Bacungan, and Bancao-Bancao, reaching 1,793 households.

• University of Georgia (UGA) conducted a half-day workshop in Manila, Philippines on its Marine Debris Tracker© mobile application. The 40 participants included individuals from EWC, EWC’s subcontracted researchers from the University of Santo Tomas and De La Salle University, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), and the Metro Manila Development Agency.


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Sri Lanka: • PILF convened a workshop on the environmental and health impacts of micro plastics on

January 31 for the National Medicines Regulatory Authority. The PILF Micro Beads Briefing Note authored by Dr. Jagath Senaratne and Ms. Sonali de Silva was distributed to workshop participants.

• SLCDF-Galle’s volunteer Community Environmental Facilitation team conducted 89 awareness-raising activities in 17 villages for 1,755 households on waste separation at source, composting organic waste, and sewing alternative cloth bags.

• Janathakshan conducted an awareness raising session at the All Island Multiday Boat Owners’ Association (MDBOA) Annual General Meeting, discussing plastic waste pollution of the marine environment and its impact on the livelihoods of fisherfolk. In follow-ups with MDBOA leadership, the organization agreed to cooperate with port authorities to establish mechanisms for boat owners to return their plastic waste instead of dumping it at sea.

• SLCDF-Jaffna implemented 55 village-level, awareness raising events that 2,053 residents participated in. In parallel, SLCDF staff trained 74 government officials and 25 staff from a regional hospital. At the school level, 24 teacher training sessions were conducted, educating 438 participants, and the project established 67 more environmental clubs. Project training reached 11,851 community members.

• The Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) completed a comprehensive market and socio-economic review of post-consumer plastic waste practices, carried out several sectoral consultations on public-private partnerships, implemented key informant interviews, and completed household surveys to collect data and perspectives on the regulation of plastic. The consultations and 26 key informant interviews targeted key economic and industry sectors, including FMCG, plastic importers/producers, plastic packaging manufacturers, plastic waste recyclers, and those in the dairy, apparel, and tourism sectors.

• Sevanatha organized a workshop on income generation opportunities from recycling for 75 youth in Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia Municipal Council. The objective was to raise awareness on practical ways to become involved in the sector. The trainers were local government staff (Community Development Officers and Youth Counseling and Support Officers) and a representative of a plastic recycling company, Eco Spindles Pvt Ltd.

Indonesia: • Divers Clean Action (DCA) held capacity building workshops in February 2020 for the

government’s waste collector unit (PPSU) on waste separation and collection efficiency. DCA also collaborated with the Regional Tourism Agency and National Park of Kepulauan Seribu to orient tourist boat operators on sustainable waste management practices.

• DCA collaborated with the provincial Sudin LH to develop standard operating procedures for a recently formed provincial SWM support group (PJLP LH 3R) on how to build household capacity to recycle and separate waste at source.

• YPBB provided technical support to the Bandung Environment Agency to develop SWM master plans for 8 kelurahan (Coblong, Cibeunying Kaler, Sumur Bandung, Bandung Wetan, Cibeunying Kidul and Cidadap).

• GIDKP-Indonesia continued its support to the Jakarta City government after its issuance in December 2019 of the regulation banning single-use plastics. GIDKP prepared the outreach


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and communications strategy and designed supporting materials (e.g., FAQs, infographics, visual communication templates).

• Gringgo Indonesia Foundation conducted trainings in February-March 2020 on the use of the Solid Waste Artificial Intelligence (SWAI) and Epicollect5 mobile applications for community youth volunteers in Serangan and Sesetan villages of Denpasar, Bali.

• Bintari conducted business strategy and health/safety education trainings in February 2020 for 54 bank sampah operators in Semarang City, with support from the city’s Health Agency and neighborhood health clinics.

• Transformasi worked with the Gowa District Environmental Agency to develop standard operating procedures for the management of the Gowa Central Recycling Center (UPTD) and arranged exposure visits for center staff to the Makassar City UPTD.

• Misool Foundation provided training and technical assistance to Sorong City personnel for the implementation of fee-for-service for SWM and submitted recommendations.

Vietnam: • ENDA-Vietnam continued its organizational support to nine cooperatives in Districts 4, 6,

10, and 11 of HCMC to establish an Independent Waste Collector (IWC) Environmental Cooperative Alliance, which will amplify the voice of IWCs with the city government. ENDA-Vietnam assisted a group of IWC cooperatives in HCMC to establish an IWC Environmental Cooperative Alliance and to link with a national network of NGOs that provide microfinance loans for microenterprise development and housing.

• GreenHub, with the International Cooperation Center for Sustainable Aquaculture and Fishing (ICAFIS), conducted a workshop on Ha Long Bay to disseminate the results of its pilot project research on coating Styrofoam buoys with Line-X paint. The event on sustainable flotation materials was attended by fishing cooperatives, tourism agencies, university researchers, women’s unions, Vietnam News Agency, IUCN, and the Ha Long Bay Management Board.

• WWF facilitated the formation of the Phu Quoc SWM Platform, a framework through which WWF’s trained ~40 major tourism businesses in how to reduce their plastic waste footprints. The Platform assisted the Phu Quoc District Peoples Committee to prepare the Phu Quoc Solid Waste Management Plan to 2025.

• MCD conducted training courses on waste management and classification and health and safety measures for the public waste collectors operating at the Ha Long Market.

2.9 Private Sector Engagement

MWRP grantees collaborated with multinational corporations, notably Coca-Cola, Danone, Unilever, Nestlé, H&M, and Dow Chemical, national companies including Indofood, Robinsons Land, SM Supermalls, and Keells Supermarkets, and international networks such as the Alliance to End Plastic Waste (AEPW) and the Packaging and Recycling Association for Indonesia Sustainable Environment (PRAISE). The three MWRP country workshops in Vietnam, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia enabled MWRP grantees to interact with corporations and identify areas of shared interest and potential partnerships.


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This section highlights noteworthy grantee activities that garnered active private sector support and participation during the fiscal year: Philippines: • PRRCFI organized a Design Thinking Workshop with staff from SM Supermalls creative,

marketing, operations, and Corporate Social Responsibility departments. The PRRCFI/SM project team developed a series of campaign messages, slogans, visuals, and a logo. The proposed “aweSMseas” campaign to reduce ocean plastic will include a mall art installation, videos, digital poster assets, creative waste separation bins tied to beach cleanups, and digital game content.

• PRRCFI and its partner SM Supermalls adapted their customer engagement digitally for the “AweSMseas” campaign, which was launched in June on SM Supermalls’ social media platform. The 45-second video that was planned to be shown in SM cinemas will be released initially via social media, with a date for cinema viewing dependent upon operating restrictions due to the pandemic.

• EcoWaste Coalition is collaborating with two private Filipino universities, University of Santo Tomas and De La Salle University, to conduct four technical studies on plastic waste pollution impacting Manila Bay.

• PRRCFI’s “wala usik” Innovation Lab was joined by local government officials, youth leaders, and store entrepreneurs, to share ideas on owning and operating a bulk sales store with minimal plastic packaging. PRRCFI secured a partnership with Nestlé to test their coffee dispenser at the various partner sari-sari stores located in Negros Occidental.

• PBE is partnering with Sentinel Upcycling Corp. for upcycling low-value residual plastics into garbage bins to be used in Robinsons malls. Sentinel has been a CSR partner with Nestlé and Unilever, upcycling plastic sachets into school chairs and tables.

Sri Lanka: • CCC completed two studies to provide Marketing and Socio-Economic Impact insights to

the public-private stakeholder committee formed to propose an Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) roadmap for Sri Lanka.

• Sevanatha designed a PET bottle collection bin that was popularized by Coca-Cola Beverages in its “Give Back Life” campaign in Sri Lanka which donated collection bins to 22 police stations in the Colombo District.

• Lanka Upcycles collaborated with the waste collection application Eco Friends to improve access to the plastic waste accumulated in Arugam Bay. The application rewards users with phone credits for waste collected and returned.

• Lanka Upcycles collaborated with Plasticcycle, the John Keells Holdings (JKH)’s Corporate Social Responsibility project. JKH provided collection bins for PET bottles in Arugam Bay, as did Coca-Cola Sri Lanka.

• Lanka Upcycles became Fair Trade certified by the World Fair Trade Organization (FTO) for the grantee’s upcycled plastic products. The German-based fair-trade distributor Fair Squared Pvt Ltd. became the company’s commercial buyer and domestic market distributor.

• Lanka Upcycles, with support from a national recycler, Eco Spindles Pvt Ltd., is weaving recycled polyester yarn into fabrics. Lanka Upcycles is creating a product line that pairs Sri


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Lankan high-tech recycling with traditional rural-based hand weavers to produce marketable products.

• Janathakshan surveyed 60 hotels in Negombo Municipality to establish baseline data on PET bottle use and disposal practices. Information was used to link local hotels with PET bottle collectors and to arrange convenient pickup schedules. From this activity, Janathakshan recruited 80 hotels to join the Negombo ‘Go Green Negombo’ campaign.

• Janathakshan facilitated a PPP of the Sri Lankan Navy, Harbour Cooperative Society, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DFAR), Negombo Port Authority, Multi-Day Boat Owners Association, and Beira Enviro Solutions Pvt Limited to design a system for monitoring the use and return of PET bottles by fishing and tourist boats using the Negombo port. The Navy’s Safety Equipment Protocol was expanded to include tracking and enforcing PET bottle traffic. Beira provided the collection bins for PET bottle returns. By the project’s conclusion, DFAR instituted regulations mandating the use of five-liter PET water bottles to replace smaller containers.

• Janathakshan assisted supermarket store managers at Keells, Laugfs, and small mini markets in Negombo in how to reduce their single-use plastic bag consumption and to qualify for higher ratings through the Municipality’s Green Star Rating System.

Indonesia: • Divers Clean Action introduced refills of basic consumer staples in a bulk goods

convenience store in Pramuka Island to facilitate the community’s efforts to reduce consumption of low-value plastics such as sachets, bags, and packaging.

• In response to disruptions of inter-island transport, DCA played a facilitation role between the informal waste collectors on the islands with the Sudin LH provincial office to enable recyclers to use the Sudin LH’s garbage ship for transporting their recyclables to the mainland. DCA connected informal waste collectors to a mainland buyer whose pricing mechanism is backed by a Danone Aqua CSR subsidy to promote circularity.

• GIDKP worked with the food and beverage sector, mall owners, retail shops, and traditional markets to identify alternatives to single-use plastic packaging in Jakarta.

• Bintari and the Semarang EA launched a procurement in April 2020 for the collection of multi-layer plastic packaging waste by the waste banks. The initiative is supported by Unilever, which provides a substantial price subsidy to the waste banks as part of their efforts to test EPR models.

• Bintari’s cooperation with PT Indofood is gaining traction for finding upcycled uses for the low-value packaging/wrappers. Indofood and a local university are in the process of testing recycled wrappers as the raw material for fabricating automobile spare parts. Another partner company, Marimas, is testing the transformation of its plastic packaging into bricks.

• Bintari is receiving support from PT Indofood to develop a mobile application for waste banks to record their collection and sales data. The application will be pilot tested in the next quarter with four waste banks.

• Transformasi assisted community-based bank sampah to establish commercial linkages with the newly formed Gowa District central recycling center (UPTD) in order to secure adequate, stable prices for recycled plastic waste materials.


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• Gringgo received an Innovation Grant from Google, which will support their work in using Artificial Intelligence to develop applications to improve SWM and plastic waste recycling. This activity will complement their IT efforts under MWRP.

Vietnam: • WWF recruited and trained through the Phu Quoc SWM Platform 20 large tourism sector

businesses and 20 small commercial/retail shops to sign commitments to reduce their plastic waste footprints.

• WWF collaborated with Dandy Travel, Epizode, and Phu Quoc Green & Clean, to sensitize tour boat operators on reducing single-use plastics.

• ENDA-Vietnam worked with Tontoton recyclers in HCMC and a cement company in Kien Giang to test the use of low-value, single-use plastics as a refuse-derived fuel for their cement kilns.

• WWF worked with the Office of Education and Training to complete the installation of 50 recycling bins in 25 island schools for storing recyclable plastic materials. The sale of recyclables will enable schools to create a small fund to purchase books and notebooks for poor students.

2.10 Coordination and Management

MWRP and USAID maintained regular communications during the year to ensure efficient program management and operation. Teleconference calls were held every two weeks between the USAID COR and ACOR, often accompanied by Brandon Bray, and the DIG Team, including the MWRP Chief of Party, Vice President for Global Programs, Grants Specialist, Program Manager, and Program Officer/Assistant. The minutes of the teleconference calls and a table noting completed and pending action items were circulated after each call. A shared MWRP Google Drive folder serves as the mechanism for sharing program-related documents. The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in early March in each Program country triggered multiple responses from governments. These measures included lockdowns and curfews, restrictions on international and domestic air travel and movement within cities, and bans on public events and in-person meetings. Throughout the fourth quarter, DIG was in frequent contact with each grantee to obtain up-to-date information on the national government’s directives applicable to their locality and its effect on project implementation. DIG provided the USAID COR/ACOR and the four USAID Missions with regular monthly updates on grantee activities and bi-weekly updates on the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on project implementation. MWRP provided USAID and USAID’s Communications, Evidence, and Learning (CEL) Team with updates and edits of the MWRP program, country, and grantee project fact sheets.


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Coordination with USAID Missions in Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Philippines MWRP provided bi-weekly or monthly updates on grantee activities, upcoming scheduled events, and impacts of COVID-19 to the USAID Mission POCs during FY2020 and responded via email to any questions that the POCs had about grantee activities.

DIG informed each USAID Mission in June 2020 about changes to the composition of the DIG MWRP Team and clarified DIG points of contact. Program Manager, Sharmen Hettipola, rejoined the DIG team, while Senior Program Manager, Peter Loach, and Program Officer, Sara Bautista, took on new employment opportunities. Coordination with the USAID Clean Cities, Blue Ocean Program In PY-4, MWRP supported the Clean Cities, Blue Ocean (CCBO) program when possible. MWRP was pro-active with suggestions or shared information and was responsive to the CCBO team’s requests. DIG’s MWRP field team (Henri Disselkoen, Bryan Winston) had regular teleconference calls with the entire Tetra Tech CCBO team. DIG provided CCBO with detailed information on its contact list and outreach to identify potential applicant organizations, the Annual Program Statement format, grantee project activities, implementation challenges, and assessments of the current group of MWRP grantee organizations. DIG provided CCBO with technical documents of interest related to ocean plastic pollution. CCBO asked for clarifications and additional information extracted from the various MWRP annual and quarterly reports. CCBO staff were invited to participate in the three country workshops held in November-December 2019 and the virtual cross-learning conference in August 2020. CCBO requested and received feedback from DIG on the process for securing the Vietnamese government’s approval for implementing an MWRP-funded project in the country. DIG also provided insight and recommendations to CCBO on the MWRP country liaisons for potential transition into field staff positions under CCBO. CCBO regional grants staff requested information on what worked and didn’t work for our current group of grantees in Sri Lanka and in the Philippines. During phone calls, DIG responded to CCBO’s questions and offered feedback on how two grantees with similar topics might divide up the work appropriately to avoid duplication of efforts. Program Reporting Activity During FY2020, DIG completed the following MWRP reports and deliverables:

• Annual Program Progress Report for FY2019; • Annual Program Work Plan for FY2020 (Program Year 4);


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• Quarterly Accruals Report (October 1 – December 31, 2019); • Quarterly Progress Report for Q1 FY2020; • Status update on the Annual Program Work Plan for FY2020 (PY-4); • Quarterly Accruals Report (January 1 – March 31, 2020); • Quarterly Progress Report for Q2 FY2020; • Quarterly Accruals Report (April 1, 2020 – June 30, 2020); • Mid-term Evaluation (MTE) Report (November and December 2019 findings); • MWRP host government taxes for FY2019; • Updated country profiles for all MWRP countries, and updated MWRP fact sheets; • Photo essay, blog post, and four pre-recorded video snippets from MWRP grantees for

USAID’s World Oceans Day event; • Quarterly Progress Report for Q3 FY2020; • Annual Standalone Report on the role of the private sector in SWM and recycling in the

four Program countries; • Draft Annual Work Plan for FY2021; • Quarterly Accruals Report (July 1 – September 30, 2020); and • Meeting minutes, action tables, and agendas for the biweekly management meetings

between DIG and the USAID COR/ACOR.

2.11 Dissemination, Outreach and International Cooperation

In November and December 2019, MWRP held three country workshops in Vietnam, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia, which provided Program grantees and USAID with opportunities to meet with national, regional, and international stakeholders to discuss potential areas for project cooperation. The workshops included numerous representatives of international private sector alliances and networks, as well as of large global corporations, engaged in addressing ocean plastic pollution problems. USAID Mission staff actively participated by suggesting invitees and by presenting and moderating sessions. Workshop attendance was between 48 and 60 participants for each event. In August 2020, DIG organized a virtual Behavior Change Cross-Learning Event attended by ~30 persons from the four Program countries. The Indonesia workshop provided a valuable opportunity for USAID and its grantees to interact with the regional representative of the Alliance to End Plastic Waste (AEPW). The grantees also had an opportunity to interact with representatives from Second Muse and Circulate Capital who were also present at the event. AEPW outlined its proposed program areas for intervention and details on its USD 1.5 billion in grantmaking and financial facilities to support public education, behavior change, and infrastructure. Grantees were encouraged by AEPW to submit funding proposals. Due to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the DIG team and MWRP grantees adapted the Program communications strategy to social media, online virtual events, and direct teleconference calls. The activities were used for the purposes of providing technical assistance and training, as well as to disseminate public information on ocean plastic pollution.


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With USAID support, DIG’s COP, Henri Disselkoen, made a virtual presentation at the online World Resources Forum meeting on June 25, 2020 on MWRP’s experiences in the four countries on the introduction of plastics circularity. The World Resource Forum is a global science-based conference, originally scheduled in Accra, Ghana in June 2019, for sharing knowledge about the economic, social, and environmental implications of global resource use. The online replacement on June 25 allowed DIG and other participants to discuss new developments in the fields and to form a common vision for the forum’s in-person gathering, re-scheduled for 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This section highlights noteworthy public information events and international cooperation activities during the fiscal year: Philippines:

• GAIA and its subgrantees YPBB and GreenViet participated in the Annual Zero Waste Conference in 2019, held in Penang, Malaysia, an event attended by several hundred member organizations of the GAIA global network.

• GAIA-Philippines hosted a series of informative webinars during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.

• GAIA-Philippines launched a Global Emergency Solidarity Fund to help its members and partner communities respond to their pandemic needs. The fund supported rapid response activities, such as the distribution of food and PPE for informal sector waste workers. GAIA raised $209,000 to support 39 NGO members.

• EcoWaste Coalition of the Philippines (EWC) established a Multi-Stakeholder Platform as the vehicle to share information on its project research activities and studies on SWM, plastic waste, waste perception, and ocean plastic pollution in Manila Bay.

• EWC organized a multi-sectoral coordination meeting with Dr. Jenna Jambeck of the University of Georgia and government officials with the DENR, Manila Bay Coordinating Office, and the Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission to initiate cooperation and to share EWC’s research approach.

• PRRCFI and SM Supermalls held a one-day IEC design-thinking workshop in January 2020, during which the project team developed a communications package with campaign messages, slogans, logo, and visuals. The communications package will be distributed through SM’s 74 malls in various formats, subject to the prevailing health and safety conditions in 2021.

• The PRRCFI Plastic Waste Solutions Summit held in February 2020 in Bacolod City gathered participants from eight local governments, corporations, NGOs, and owners of zero-waste sari-sari stores. The project team provided an IEC toolkit to its local partners on how to sustain the campaign for reducing plastic waste.

• PRRCFI presented the prototype of its wala usik (no waste) sari-sari store in a panel discussion on “Social Entrepreneurship: The Way to Sustainable and Inclusive Development” sponsored by the University of Saint La Salle College of Business and Accountancy in January 2020 in Bacolod City.

• PRRCFI staff were panelists on three WWF-Philippines sponsored webinars, Solving the Plastic Waste Crisis Amidst COVID-19, Study on Extended Producer Responsibility


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(EPR) Scheme Assessment for Plastic Packaging Waste in the Philippines, and Circular Design Labs.

• UGA’s Dr. Jenna Jambeck was featured in several webinars on ocean plastic pollution, including events sponsored by USAID.

Sri Lanka:

• Colombo Chamber of Commerce (CCC) established contact with senior appointees of the new Sri Lankan government elected in November 2019 to ensure its involvement with the Ministry of Environment efforts to form a high-level committee to prepare EPR regulations. The ministry requested CCC share its technical studies on options for an EPR roadmap for Sri Lanka.

• CCC and its NGO subgrantee Biodiversity Sri Lanka conducted a virtual webinar event, Biodiversity Conservation and Marine Pollution Prevention on Islands in June 2020, with 50 participants from the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Sri Lankan NGOs, private companies, and several international organizations. The MWRP COP, Henri Disselkoen, delivered the opening remarks.

• SLCDF-Jaffna conducted trainings for 175 small business owners on how to reduce their consumption of single-use plastics in their operations, resulting in savings in money and a reduction in plastic waste.

• Sevanatha, Janathakshan, PILF, government ministries, and city governments participated in the World Bank’s Plastic Waste Management Workshop in December 2019. The workshop prioritized policy and investment measures to improve plastic waste management. The MWRP grantees presented their experiences in solving problems associated with mismanaged plastic waste.

• Sevanatha, Janathakshan, and PILF participated in a workshop in February 2020 hosted by the Ministry of Environment to develop an Action Plan on Plastic Waste Management. MWRP grantees provided comments and recommendations for the national policy, which is planned for rollout in 2020.

• Lanka Upcycles was contacted by the Manager of McLarens Logistics, a Sri Lankan shipping container company, to explore how the WLAB center can be replicated in other locations in Sri Lanka.

• Lanka Upcycles was mentioned in The Guardian International’s edition on alternative ethical tourism spots in ten global locations.

• Lanka Upcycles highlighted several dissemination tools in its project completion report: 1) A videography team from Project Eklok, a community of travelers and international

backpackers that promotes community projects, created a video on WLAB and the artwork of a local artist Roobixcube on the WLAB containers and vehicle.

2) The Precious Plastic team from Europe visited Lanka Upcycles WLAB in February 2020 and taped a video interview with project staff (starting at minute 12) that was posted on the Precious Plastic YouTube channel. WLAB created a “how to” manual on how it developed its products and shared its learnings with the open-source community.

3) The Sri Lankan travel agency Pepper created an environmental experience in which tourists can visit the Lanka Upcycles’ WLAB educational center and alternative bag production unit. The tour is marketed toward tourists specifically and shows that it


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is possible to create awareness about the waste problem in a way that empowers visitors to make better personal decisions.

4) The Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority recognized the WLAB approach as an anti-pollution intervention for the tourism industry that could function as a tourist attraction itself. The authority created a video shown on Sri Lankan TV channel ITN.

• SLCDF organized a youth art competition in Jaffna on its Facebook Zero Waste Forum page, attracting 59 submissions.

Indonesia:

• Bintari’s staff participated, in December 2019, in a radio talk show program on Radio Republik Indonesia to discuss ocean plastic as a global environmental issue that is of special importance to Indonesia.

• Bintari assisted Walisongo Islamic State University with launching a waste bank as part of its commitment to environmental sustainability and a green campus.

• Bintari published two articles on recycling policy and its findings from the policy assessment and dialogues in Semarang City. Note the links below:

-https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ilmulingkungan/issue/view/2782 -https://theconversation.com/tiga-kendala-ini-sebabkan-rendahnya-upaya-pemilahan-sampah-di-indonesia-132682

• Bintari celebrated Earth Day in April 2020 by conducting an online Zoom discussion with local environmental experts on “Infectious Waste Management and Household Waste Affected by COVID-19”. The event attracted 138 online participants and 486 views on the Bintari YouTube channel.

• Bintari’s project findings and recommendations on EPR were shared with the provincial and local governments, universities, and producers. A sample EPR mechanism was presented to the Central Java Province EA and the Semarang EA in March 2020. The Central Java Province EA followed up on the EPR issue by conducting a provincial Environmental Coordination Meeting to introduce possible approaches for managing plastic waste by city governments.

• DCA’s Executive Director, Swietenia Lestari, was featured on a National Geographic Indonesia- and I Choose Earth-sponsored talk on April 25, 2020 entitled “Inspiration Girl for Environmental Change.”

• DCA’s Executive Director, Swietenia Lestari, was recognized by Forbes Asia magazine as one of the “30 Under 30” Social Entrepreneurs (https://www.forbes.com/30-under-30/2020/asia/#425c2d266938). BBC recognized her in 2019 as an “Influential and Inspiring Woman.”

• Divers Clean Action’s Executive Director, Swietenia Lestari, participated in the Our Ocean Youth Leadership Summit held in Oslo, Norway, in October 2020 with 100 youth leaders from 50 countries. DCA also participated as a panelist in the session entitled “Innovation to Significantly Reduce River Plastic Waste Emissions to Indonesian Ocean,” as part of the launch of the Ocean Cleanup in partnership with the Coordinating Ministry of Maritime and Investment Affairs and Danone-AQUA.

• DCA collaborated with the AIESEC international volunteer organization to hold an eCallogy event, which brought together exchange students from across Asia to discuss


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ocean conservation. DCA educated 30 Indonesian and foreign exchange students about its work and what college students can do to combat marine debris.

• DCA participated in Kentucky Fried Chicken’s Good Journey in Manado, an annual trip organized with KFC Indonesia and 1,000 Gurus Foundation. During the event, DCA identified ten Indonesian cities as Marine Debris Ranger sites to replicate its Save Our Ocean and Small Islands program on a smaller scale.

• YPBB and Kelurahan Sadang Serang Health Office provided free medical check-ups in February 2020 for waste collectors in Coblong District to commemorate National Waste Awareness Day.

• Following the issuance of the Jakarta city regulations banning plastic bags, GIDKP and the larger story were covered by national and international news outlets, such as Media Indonesia, Detik Finance Indonesia, CNBC Indonesia, IDN Times, IANS (India), Global Business Forum (Malaysia), China Go Abroad, APAC Business (Singapore), Saigon Times (Vietnam), Mediaverse (Australia), Yahoo Finance, and Business Insider (USA).

• Gringgo Indonesia Foundation’s field implementation using its SWAI (Solve Waste with Artificial Intelligence) mobile application to identify waste categories in February 2020 at Mertasari Beach, Denpasar City was covered by the Japanese national government cable channel NHK-TV.

• Gringgo hosted nine educational online webinar sessions using Zoom and Instagram to address how to live and work in the COVID-19 pandemic environment.

https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1yL2gU8QDM4mgJZXLqcxQQWcaE5DD2Hng

• Misool Foundation conducted two online workshops in commemoration of World Ocean Day and Earth Day.

• GIDKP conducted a webinar in May 2020 with city officials from Jakarta, Bandung, and Banjarmasin and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry officials to disseminate its draft plastic bag ban regulations. The webinar also promoted the recent launch of the movie “The Story of Plastic,” which features the GIDKP Executive Director, Tiza Mafira.

Vietnam:

• Centre for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD) organized an “Ocean Talk: Increasing Student Understanding of Solid Waste and Marine Plastic Waste Management” in secondary schools in Nam Dinh province in December 2019 to mobilize youth volunteers as project facilitators.

• MCD’s Ha Long Bay art competition entitled “Spread Blue Actions – Reduce Plastic Waste” was supported and publicized by Dow Chemical. The contest received 253 student entries. The awards ceremony was held in June 2020 in Ha Long City and attracted 70 participants, including local partners, students, parents, and teachers. A dozen news articles from English and Vietnamese media outlets reported on the event.

• MCD Nam Dinh produced and launched a video “Journey of Waste” on the pathway of plastic waste from the river to the trash trapper to the recycling facility in Nam Dinh on the 50th anniversary celebration of Earth Day.

• ENDA-Vietnam participated in Ocean Conservancy’s workshop on Financing the Informal Sector to Reduce Marine Plastic Pollution in Singapore with representatives


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from Circulate Capital, Circulate Initiatives, Dow Chemical, Plastic for Change, McKinsey, Unilever, and the Work Bank.

• ENDA cooperated on World Ocean Day with Linh Trung High School of Thu Duc district in Ho Chi Minh City (1,362 students) to hold an event on the “harmful effects of plastic pollution and the action of youth to combat plastic pollution”.

• GreenHub was featured in Vietnam television’s VTV2 launch of a documentary film on sustainable development and environmental solutions for floating materials in the sea. https://vtv.vn/video/phat-trien-ben-vung-giai-phap-moi-truong-cho-vat-lieu-noi-o-bien- 443843.htm

• GreenHub’s manual Household Solid Waste (Vol.1) was reprinted as part of its series “Solid Waste Management and Brand Audit: A Practical Guide” and circulated among local partners for use in trainings.

• GreenHub collaborated with the International Cooperation Center for Sustainable Aquaculture and Fishing (ICAFIS) to host the workshop Fieldwork to Evaluate the Pilot’s Results of the Line-X Paint Coating and the Orientation of Related Parties. Participants included representatives from DONRE of Quang Ninh, the Management Board of Ha Long Bay, tourism association, fishing cooperatives, research universities, women’s unions, and government agencies.

• USAID/Washington held a webinar in May 2020 to present the findings from the ENDA and CECR case study reports on behavior change approaches to mitigating ocean plastic pollution. The interactive event brought together a range of participants from USAID, the Urban Institute, MWRP, CCBO, CEL and others.

• WWF-Vietnam hosted a photo exhibition on ocean plastic waste pollution at the Annual Cultural Competition in Phu Quoc, organized at the Children’s Cultural Centre in November 2019 to raise local awareness of 700 students from 24 schools and 3,000 visitors.

• WWF produced a comic book for elementary school students in digital and hard copy. The publication of the digital version (here) in June 2020 garnered significant feedback from national and international audiences. The Mystery on Big Island comic book follows three kids going on an adventure to restore their home island from a bizarre infestation of plastic monsters. The project distributed the comic book throughout the island school system.

• WWF held ocean plastic sessions (“Plastic or Planet”), which were attended by more than 50 groups at a Phu Quoc music festival.

• WWF collaborated with the Phu Quoc Marine Protect Areas on Phu Quoc Environment Day on a communications event at the An Thoi International harbor to reduce plastic waste and protect the reef system. The event reached 400 fishing and tourist boat operators.

• WWF organized events on World Environment Day and World Ocean Day in June 2020 that were attended by 500 persons. These events included: (i) plastic waste reduction outreach to Women's Union members in Bai Thom commune, (ii) beach cleanups, (iii) hands-on training on the zero-waste lifestyle, and (iv) a film screening of “The Plastic Problem”.

• WWF project activities in Phu Quoc appeared in the following mass media outlets: https://vtvgo.vn/xem-truc-tuyen-kenh-vtv1-1.html


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https://vnexpress.net/gan-500-nguoi-thuc-hanh-giam-rac-thai-nhua-4111674.html 1. Chao buoi sang 7/6/2020 (Minute 44-46) 2. News 19h 7/6/2020 (Minute 21-27) 3. Chao buoi sang 8/6/2020 (Minute 38-46)


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3 FINANCIAL SUMMARY The MWRP contract budget below is based on a budget realignment approved by USAID in Q4 FY2020.

ITEM YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 TOTAL DIRECT COST $917,640 $1,035,605 $1,370,732 $1,326,867 $982,005 $5,632,848

INDIRECT COSTS $468,326 $537,307 $730,982 $690,621 $100,268 $2,527,504

TOTAL COSTS $1,385,966 $1,572,911 $2,101,713 $2,017,488 $1,082,274 $8,160,352

PROJECT GRANTS $309,992 $550,000 $1,436,712 $1,778,424 $1,424,872 $5,500,000

FIXED FEE $60,226 $95,148 $100,629 $31,543 $119,450 $406,996 TOTAL COSTS

PLUS PROJECT GRANTS

AND FIXED FEE

$1,756,184 $2,218,059 $3,639,054 $3,827,455 $2,626,596 $14,067,348

The following is an overview of the FY2020 budget (October 1, 2019 - September 30, 2020).

TOTAL CONTRACT BUDGET $14,067,348 TOTAL FUNDS OBLIGATED BY USAID INTO THE CONTRACT TO DATE $14,048,314

TOTAL FUNDS EXPENDED THROUGH SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 $11,440,750 TOTAL FUNDS EXPECTED TO BE EXPENDED IN CURRENT QUARTER (Q4; FY2020) $647,898

TOTAL UNLIQUIDATED OBLIGATIONS AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 $2,607,564 ESTIMATED EXPENDITURES FOR REMAINDER OF YEAR $0

ESTIMATED AVERAGE MONTHLY BURN RATE AND ANY EXPECTED VARIATION* $318,955 FY2020 BUDGET (OCTOBER 1, 2019 - SEPTEMBER 30, 2020) $3,827,455

4 LESSONS LEARNED (POLICY AND PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS)

The following table lists the 23 lessons learned during the last quarter. Note that:

1. The numbers in parentheses ( ) in the table indicate the other category or categories that include(s) the same lesson learned. While the same lesson may appear in more than one category, it is only counted once as a lesson learned.


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2. The new lessons learned for this quarter are indicated in bold with placement in other category(ies) indicated in italics.

3. The number of lessons learned from this quarter are integrated into the Life of Program Lessons Learned table in Annex 1: MWRP Results.

No. CATEGORY LESSON

1 Government legal and regulatory reform (national & local)

• Supporting the development of national and/or local policies to reduce the use of plastic (e.g., regulating use of plastic in public-funded festivals or of plastic bags or straws in markets / restaurants) is an important step to creating large-scale behavior change. (6)

2 Local government (LG) engagement

• LGs accepting and registering IWCs indicates that there is a need for non-LG collectors (e.g., due to a small labor force of municipal collectors or densely populated areas). (12)

• Banning plastic wrapping or packaging materials for food products like raw fish, peeled fruits, grilled chicken, or cooked food needs to be accompanied by offering alternatives, even at an increased cost. Without such an alternative, neither the client nor the producer will comply. (6)

3 Local government

(LG) financial sustainability and cost

recovery

• IWCs reduce LG operational costs and social costs. Thus, LGs should consider supporting IWCs with direct payments, provision of goods, or mandating that households and businesses pay a SWM collection fee. (12)

4 Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) & Local government (LG) investment considerations

• PPPs function when there is an honest broker from civil society, a Chamber of Commerce, or an organization that is universally trusted and respected by all parties.

5 Information, education &

communications (IEC); i.e. raising

awareness of stakeholders

• During a public health crisis (such as COVID-19), it has proven difficult to disseminate accurate information because internet content can be contradictory to grantee messages.

• World Earth Day, World Environment Day, World Ocean Day and public holidays are good opportunities for conveying environmental behavior change messages because of the increased media attention to environmental issues on those days. (6)


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• As waste management is usually not noticed by the general population, having it done more publicly in tourist locations was a successful approach to promoting more responsible community efforts to control waste and recycle plastics -- highlighted by the Sri Lanka Tourism Board as a key innovation.

6 Behavior change in waste management

(households & businesses)

• Capitalizing on nudge theory helps to increase household composting rates. People who compost “nudge” their neighbors into composting too.

• Targeting youth and women’s groups can facilitate outreach and dissemination of information due to their extensive informal and formal networks. (10)

• Supporting households in selling recyclables serves as an incentive for households to separate waste. (7)

• Providing convenient waste containers that are easy to use and maintain helps households separate low-value plastic waste. (7)

• Supporting the development of national policies to reduce the use of plastic (e.g., regulating use of plastic in public-funded festivals or of plastic bags or straws in markets or restaurants) is an important step to creating large-scale behavior change. (1)

• World Earth Day, World Environment Day, World Ocean Day and public holidays are good opportunities for conveying environmental behavior change messages. (5)

• Banning plastic wrapping or packaging materials for food products like raw fish, peeled fruits, grilled chicken, or cooked food need to be accompanied by offering alternatives, even at an increased cost. Without such alternative, neither the producer, nor the client will comply. (2)

7 Waste separation at source (households &

businesses)



8 Capacity building of stakeholders

9 Community-based SWM strategies


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10 Gender and youth-based approaches to

improved SWM

• There is a growing understanding that IWCs are among the poorest of the poor and women IWCs more vulnerable than men. With continued advocacy there are promising signs that women IWCs will become less stigmatized and valued over time. (12)


11 Environmental hotspots

• Community engagement efforts need to be persistent and unrelenting to drive home messages about cleanliness, waste separation, and reduction of plastic waste.

12 Independent waste Collector (IWC) sector & Waste

Banks

• IWC groups are capable of assisting their members with setting up saving-and-loan schemes and accessing social insurance and public sector services.

• During pandemics (such as COVID-19), the collection of household-separated waste continues in the barangays employing IWCs. (16)


• IWCs reduce LG operational costs and social costs. Thus, LG should consider supporting IWCs with direct payments, provision of goods, or mandating that households and businesses pay a SWM collection fee. (3)

• There is a growing understanding that IWCs are among the poorest of the poor and women IWCs are more vulnerable than men. With continued advocacy there are promising signs that women IWCs will become less stigmatized and valued over time. (10)

13 Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and Private sector engagement (PSE)

• Grantees indicated that waste audits and surveys facilitate discussions with hotel managers regarding strategies for replacing disposable single-use plastic products with sustainable natural products.

• In the MWRP countries, CSR projects are popular among large companies as visible evidence of their efforts to address ocean plastic pollution, though their impact tends to be small and short-lived and serve more for their publicity value.

• Supporting the prototyping of new business models such as zero-waste stores is a vehicle for large companies to


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test alternative, sustainable products and delivery models.

14 Plastic waste value chain

• Customized mobile telephone applications for efficient routing of vehicles, and recyclable waste prices are useful tools to improve SWM operations and the value chain for recyclables. (15)

• The private sector has shown a willingness to subsidize the price paid per kilogram for plastic waste to encourage IWCs to extract PET and low-value plastic recyclables from the environment or dumpsites.

• A regional approach (e.g., LG, Chamber of Commerce, etc.), which offers economy of scale benefits, is useful to optimize the organization of plastic waste collection, transport, and treatment.

15 Technological innovation

• USAID, international agencies and the European Union, have not accepted so-called ‘biodegradable’ or ‘compostable’ plastics, which are compostable only under certain industrial conditions and not dissolvable in seawater. (7)

• Customized mobile telephone applications for efficient routing of vehicles and recyclable waste prices are useful tools to improve SWM operations and the value chain for recyclables. (14)

16 COVID-19 Pandemic


• During a public health crisis (such as COVID-19), it has proven difficult to disseminate accurate information because internet content can be contradictory to your message. (5)

17 Other

• Tourists have a part in generating plastic waste but often lack an understanding of what they need to do. Grantees’ educational efforts have guided tourists on how to handle their own waste and to recycle and reduce the use of plastic wherever possible.


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5 CALENDAR FOR NEXT QUARTER’S PROGRAM ACTIVITIES

MWRP activities planned for Q1 FY2021 (October 1 to December 31, 2020) are noted below. These activities are subject to the ongoing COVID-19 restrictions: October 2020

• Submit to USAID the PY-4 Annual Report; • Conduct remote MTEs for MWRP grantee projects; • Execute outstanding grant amendments for no-cost extensions; • Submit revised grantee fact sheets; • Communicate regular grantee and project-specific updates to USAID, including the

impact of COVID-19 on project implementation; • Provide ongoing technical assistance to MWRP grantees on grant management and on

administrative issues, including project completion steps, filling out M&E templates, surveys, and reporting.

November 2020

• Submit to USAID Annual Report of Government Property; • Conduct remote final evaluations for MWRP grantee projects; • Plan and organize the virtual cross-learning event scheduled for Q1 FY2021; • Communicate regular grantee and project-specific updates to USAID, including the



December 2020

• Conduct cross-learning virtual event on December 3, 2020; • Submit to USAID the MWRP Accruals Report for Q1 FY2021; • Review grantee quarterly progress and financial reports; • Communicate regular grantee and project-specific updates to USAID, including the




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ANNEX 1: MWRP RESULTS (Detailed Breakdowns by Quarter and Year)

COMPONENT 1: Grants Program Supporting Promising Municipal Waste Approaches

1. Number of grants disbursed (obligated) Cumulative Total Grants Disbursed: 30 (All grants were issued by the end of PY-3 on September 30, 2019)

Program Year 1: 6 new grants -Catholic Relief Services (CRS-Philippines) -Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR-Vietnam) -Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA-Vietnam) -Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #1 Galle, Sri Lanka) -Sevanatha Urban Development Centre (Sri Lanka) -Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. (Sri Lanka)

Program Year 2: 14 new grants -World Vision Inc. (WVI-Philippines) -Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC Philippines) -Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PRRCFI #1) -Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) -Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD-Vietnam) -Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub-Vietnam) -Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #2 Jaffna, Sri Lanka) -World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF-Vietnam) -Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF-Sri Lanka) -Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC-Sri Lanka) -Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #1-Vietnam) -Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #2-Vietnam) -Yayasan Misool Baseftin (Misool Foundation-Indonesia) -Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (Bintari Foundation-Indonesia)

Program Year 3: 10 new grants Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 3 -Divers Clean Action (DCA-Indonesia) -Gringgo Indonesia Foundation -Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives (GAIA) Philippines Inc. Quarter 3: 2 -Center for Public Policy Transformation (Transformasi-Indonesia) -Mother Earth Foundation (Philippines)


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Quarter 4: 5 -Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PRRCFI #2) -Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) -Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines, Inc. (EWC) -University of Georgie Research Foundation (UGA) -Perkumpulan Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (GIDKP-Indonesia) Program Year 4: All Program grants were signed by the end of PY-3.

2. Amount of grants disbursed (obligated) Cumulative Total of Grants Disbursed (obligated): $5,500,000 (All grant funds were obligated by the end of PY-3 on September 30, 2019)

Program Year 1: USD 1,210,647

Program Year 2: USD 2,534,322

Program Year 3: USD 1,755,031 (as of September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: USD 0 Quarter 2: USD 609,872 Quarter 3: USD 391,790 Quarter 4: USD 753,369

Program Year 4: All Program grant funds were obligated by the start of PY-4.

MWRP Grant Awards – Life of Program First Funding Cycle (FC-1)

Country Organization Amount Philippines Catholic Relief Services (CRS) $100,000 Sri Lanka Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre $238,232 Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) $244,712 Sri Lanka Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. $142,244

Vietnam Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR) $249,932

Vietnam ENDA Vietnam $243,527 Subtotal $1,218,647

Second Funding Cycle (FC-2)

Country Organization Amount Philippines Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC) $249,880

Philippines Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PRRCFI #1) $223,994

Philippines World Vision, Inc. Philippines $100,000 Sri Lanka Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. $87,707


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Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF) $171,962 Vietnam Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub) $247,406 Vietnam Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD) $74,780 Vietnam World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) $202,000

Subtotal $1,357,729

Third Funding Cycle (FC-3) Country Organization Amount Sri Lanka Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF) $167,010 Sri Lanka Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) $153,590

Vietnam Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD) $129,738

Vietnam Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD) $249,995

Subtotal $700,333

Fourth Funding Cycle (FC-4) Country Organization Amount Indonesia Yayasan Misool Baseftin (Misool Foundation) $243,740 Indonesia Yayasan Bina Karta Lestari (Bintari Foundation) $244,520

Subtotal $488,260

Fifth Funding Cycle (FC-5) Country Organization Amount Indonesia Divers Clean Action (DCA) $170,000 Indonesia Gringgo Indonesia Foundation $190,262

Philippines Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Philippines Inc. (GAIA) $249,610

Indonesia Center for Public Policy Transformation (Transformasi) $220,481 Subtotal $830,353

Sixth Funding Cycle (FC-6)

Country Organization Amount Indonesia Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastic (GIDKP) $249,212 Philippines Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines, Inc. (EWC) $229,751 Philippines Philippine Business for the Environment Inc. (PBE) $100,000

Subtotal $ 578,963


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Targeted Grants (3) Country Organization Amount Philippines Mother Earth Foundation $151,309

Philippines Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PRRCFI #2) $74,406

Philippines University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGA) $100,000 Subtotal $325,715

Cumulative Program Total $5,500,000

3. Number of grant applicants supported through meetings or technical assistance Cumulative Total Applicants Supported with technical assistance: 69 (as of September 30, 2020) Program Year 1: 17

• Catholic Relief Services (CRS Philippines) • Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR Vietnam) • Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA Vietnam) • Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF Galle, Sri Lanka) • Sevanatha Urban Development Centre (Sri Lanka) • Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Philippine Plastics Industry Association (PPIA Philippines) • Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC Philippines) • Philippine Grassroots Engagement in Rural Development Foundation, Inc.

(PhilGrassroots-ERDF, Philippines) • Environment Foundation (Guarantee) Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Asian Management and Development Institute (AMDI Vietnam) • ACTED (Philippines) • ACTED (Sri Lanka) • People in Need (Philippines) • People in Need (Sri Lanka) • Arthacharya Foundation (Sri Lanka) • Mapua Institute of Technology (MIT Philippines)

Program Year 2: 29

• World Vision Inc. (Philippines) • Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PRRCFI Philippines) • Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Centre for Social Research and Development (CSRD Vietnam) • Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub Vietnam) • International Collaborating Centre for Aquaculture and Fisheries

Sustainability (Vietnam)


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• World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF Vietnam) • Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #2 Jaffna, Sri Lanka) • Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF Sri Lanka) • Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC Sri Lanka) • Centre for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD #1; Ha Long

Bay, Vietnam) • Centre for Marinelife Conservation and Community Development (MCD #2;

Nam Dinh, Vietnam) • CSR Lanka (Sri Lanka) • Center for Public Policy Transformation (Indonesia) • Perkumpulan Inisiatif (Indonesia) • Gringgo Indonesia Foundation (Indonesia) • Divers Clean Action (Indonesia) • Center for Development of Community Initiative and Environment (Vietnam) • Misool Foundation (Indonesia) • Bintari Foundation (Indonesia) • Penabulu Foundation (Indonesia) • Global Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives Inc. (Philippines) • Mahintana Foundation (Philippines) • Sustainable Waste Indonesia • Agrotechnology Innovation Center/UGM (Indonesia) • Ocean Recovery Alliance (Indonesia) • GreenViet Biodiversity Conservation Centre (Vietnam) • Perkumpulan Gerakan Indonesia Diet Kantong Plastik (Indonesia) • Trash Hero (Indonesia)

Program Year 3: 23 (as of September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 17

• Yayasan Pengembangan Biosains dan Bioteknologi (Indonesia) • Yayasan Peduli Negeri (YPN - Indonesia) • Ocean Recovery Alliance (Indonesia) • Kopernik Foundation (Indonesia) • CRS (Indonesia) • EcoWaste Coalition (Philippines) • PARMS (Philippines) • Ateneo de Manila University (Philippines) • Mahintana Foundation (Philippines) • CRS #2 (Philippines) • Help-O (Sri Lanka) • Viridis Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • UpCycling Vietnam Company Limited (Vietnam) • CECR (Vietnam)


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• Ocean Recovery Alliance (Vietnam) • Mother Earth Foundation (Philippines) • University of Georgia (USA/Philippines)

Quarter 3: 6 • Philippines Business for the Environment (Philippines) • PARMS #2 (Philippines) • SM Supermalls (Philippines) • PRRCFI (Philippines) • SM Supermalls #2 (Philippines) • EcoWaste Coalition re UGA (Philippines)

Quarter 4: 0 Program Year 4: 0 (as of September 30, 2020) Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 0 Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0 4. Number of public policies, agreements, and regulations related to municipal waste management introduced and/or positively affected The following laws, regulations, policies, and directives were positively influenced following advocacy efforts carried out by MWRP grantees. The grantees influenced a range of government solid waste management laws, regulations, policies, and directives through a variety of means. Their advocacy work included: organizing and participating in workshops and conferences; producing technical reports; participating in/hosting public events; and posting material on social media. A brief description of the support provided by the MWRP grantee is noted for each item. * Note: Multiple community/neighborhood level SWM plans developed in a particular municipality or city count as one (1) plan. Cumulative Total Policies/Regulations: 53 (as of September 30, 2020) Program Year 1: 1

● In Sri Lanka, MWRP grantee Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre’s President, Kananka Jayaratne, was invited by the Sri Lankan President Maithripala Sirisena to participate as a member of a National Advisory Board. The Advisory Board produced a set of recommendations that were incorporated into a new national government law banning polythene lunch sheets, rigifoam boxes, and thin plastic bags. (Sri Lanka)

Program Year 2: 9

● The Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) People’s Committee issued Document No.129/UBND-DT in early 2018, which provided basic reforms to SWM and recognized the contributions and role of the IWCs. The document directs local authorities at the district and ward levels to collect information on IWCs, form them into cooperatives, and ensure


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access to basic social benefits. Local authorities are directed to assist the IWCs through training and financing to obtain suitable collection equipment. The document serves as a guide to support the transition of IWCs from the informal to formal sector. ENDA-Vietnam and the IWC cooperatives’ advocacy efforts in Ho Chi Minh City resulted in the passage of this important Document. (Vietnam)

● The HCMC People’s Committee rescinded Decision No.88 on garbage collection fees in January 2018, which had been in effect since 2008. The change means that IWCs can make agreements with individual households on an acceptable waste collection fee and receive the fee directly. This decision positively impacts IWC incomes. ENDA and the IWC cooperatives maintain a strong advocacy position with the HCMC People’s Committee to ensure that IWCs secure a satisfactory fixed collection rate. ENDA-Vietnam and the IWC cooperatives’ long-standing advocacy efforts in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) resulted in the passage of this key Decision. (Vietnam)

● The HCMC People’s Committee issued Decision No.1832/QD-UBND in late 2017 requiring households in HCMC to separate waste at source. The Decision outlines guidelines for households, businesses, and schools to separate waste as a means of increasing the volume of recycled waste collection. Prior to the issuance of the decision, HCMC had encouraged households to separate waste at source, but it was the IWC cooperatives’ advocacy efforts with MONRE that led the Ministry to request that the People’s Committee issue a formal Decision. The Decision reduces the time spent by IWCs sorting recyclable waste materials and simultaneously diverts non-residual waste from being transported to the city landfill. ENDA-Vietnam and the IWC cooperatives’ long-standing advocacy efforts in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) resulted in the passage of this decision. (Vietnam)

● The People’s Committee of Xuan Ha ward, Thanh Khe district, Da Nang City, issued Decision No. 138 and 139/QD-UBND in support of the establishment of a community recycling group for the implementation of the CECR MWRP project in Thuan An 4 and Thuan An 5 residential wards. These Decisions specified that community recycling groups, including local authorities and representatives from socio-political organizations, are responsible for raising awareness and changing community behaviors on waste classification and recycling in the residential communities. (Vietnam)

● An Official Announcement No. 393/TB-VP was made on June 12, 2018 in Da Nang City by Nguyen Thanh Nam, Standing Vice Chairman of Son Tra District People’s Committee, declaring the Son Tra People’s Committee’s support for the reduction, classification, and recycling of rubbish discharged in Son Tra. The announcement was the outcome of a community stakeholders' meeting organized by CECR and District People’s Committee. (Vietnam)

● In the wake of the country’s biggest religious festival in Vesak in April – May 2018, the Sri Lankan Department of Local Government issued a notice to minimize the use of polythene for all ceremonies in the 49 Pradeshiya Sabhas in Galle district. This notice has remained in effect. The three local authorities were directly influenced by SLCDF’s success in reducing plastic waste and recycling and responded by issuing public notices. (Sri Lanka)

● The Department of Local Government issued an order to collect separated waste and arrange days for plastic/polythene collection within all 49 Pradeshiya Sabhas in Galle.


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The three local authorities were directly influenced by SLCDF’s success in reducing plastic waste and recycling and responded by issuing orders to improve waste collection services. (Sri Lanka)

● Eight municipalities in southern Negros Island signed the Bayawan Agreement Declaration in August 2018 to improve SWM policies and reduce plastic waste. PRRCFI organized the Bayawan Waste Summit and prepared the declaration. (Philippines)

● People’s Committee of Ha Long City issued notice No. 45/TB – UBND on August 5, 2018 that mandated that from September 1, 2018 tourism businesses and individuals may not use or sell single-use plastic products in Ha Long Bay. GreenHub was part of the NGO and civil society advocacy campaign to influence the decision made by the Ha Long City People’s Committee and Ha Long Bay Management Board. (Vietnam)

Program Year 3: 27 Quarter 1: 4

● As a result of ENDA and the IWC cooperatives’ advocacy efforts with local government authorities in HCMC, Decision No.38/ 2018 QD-UBND was issued by the District People’s Committee on October 22, 2018 which established collection fees that would raise the income of average IWCs by an estimated 60% compared to the rates from 2017. (Vietnam)

● In Bacolod City, the existing ordinance on plastic bag regulation was amended on December 2, 2018 in response to an advocacy campaign by PRRCFI Negros and other civil society organizations. Business establishments dispensing single-use plastic bags, including but not limited to fast food outlets, market vendors, shopping malls, food kiosks, sari-sari stores, hardware stores, groceries, and pharmacies, shall provide biodegradable plastic bags upon the customer’s request and expense. (Philippines)

● A new city ordinance was passed on December 14, 2018 prohibiting the use of plastic straws in Bacolod City and outlining penalties for violations. PRRCFI Negros participated in the public hearing for this ordinance and contributed inputs on alternatives to plastic straws. (Philippines)

● With technical support of PRRCFI Negros, Barangay Sum-ag passed Barangay Resolution No. 2018-11 on November 7, 2018 banning the use of plastic straws and other single-use plastic materials during celebrations of the Martesan Festival. The passage of this resolution was impacted by PRRCFI’s advocacy with local government environment officials. (Philippines)

Quarter 2: 9 ● The Puerto Princesa City Council approved the regulation of single-use plastics in the city

on February 24, 2019. The city’s approval came after several public consultations and three years of deliberations by the City Council. The Candis III Marketing Collective (C3MC) project staff actively participated in the public hearings as part of a collective effort by local civil society organizations. The imposition of ban came into effect in mid-2020, which provided businesses with sufficient time to make the necessary adjustments to comply with the new citywide policy. (Philippines)

● Barangay Solid Waste Management Plans were prepared and approved by the SWM Committees of three barangays in Navotas City in Metro Manila. Technical assistance


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during development of the respective plans was provided by the Catholic Relief Services senior management team.* (Philippines)

● Barangay Solid Waste Management Plans were prepared and approved by the SWM Committees of three barangays in Malabon City in Metro Manila. Technical assistance during development of the respective plans was provided by the Catholic Relief Services senior management team.* (Philippines)

● The Barangay Baseco Solid Waste Management Plan was prepared and approved by the Baseco Barangay SWM Committee with technical assistance experts provided by World Vision and the Ecowaste Coalition of the Philippines. (Philippines)

● Barangay Solid Waste Management Plans were prepared and approved by 20 barangays in Puerto Princesa City with technical assistance experts from the Candis III Marketing Cooperative (C3MC) and the EcoWaste Coalition of the Philippines. (Philippines)

● Bayawan City, Negros Oriental issued Executive Order No. 23, Series of October 24, 2018 prohibiting the use of single-use plastic products in the new government center of Bayawan City and other LGU offices and facilities. Sipalay City issued a similar ordinance. The two ordinances were influenced by PRRCFI’s advocacy with city environment officials. (Philippines)

● The Governor of Negros Oriental Province issued an Executive Order on July 18, 2018 banning single-use plastics in the provincial government's offices and hospitals. The order covered plastic bags, cups, drinking straws, mineral water bottles, disposable food containers, and polystyrene. PRRCFI was an active participant in the War on Waste Negros Oriental advocacy campaign, which impacted the actions taken by the provincial government. (Philippines)

● Quang Ninh Province People's Committee issued regulations on plastic waste reduction in Plan No.41/KH-UBND on February 21, 2019 regarding implementation of the Anti-Plastic Waste Movement in Quang Ninh province. GreenHub provided data inputs to the Quang Ninh PC from its waste audits and surveys of plastic waste found in coastal areas in Ha Long City/Bay and Cat Ba archipelago. GreenHub also informed provincial government environment officials on relevant matters through its reports, presentations, publications, dialogues, meetings, workshops, and field visits. (Vietnam)

● The Hai Phong City People's Committee issued Plan No. 05/KH-UBND dated January 5, 2019 outlining its integrated SWM strategy for 2025 vision 2050. The Hai Phong People’s Committee assigned DONRE responsibility for coordinating propaganda activities calling on communities to change their behavior on single-use plastics. The Hai Phong DONRE office coordinated with GreenHub to organize a citywide launch event to disseminate the Plan and conduct community workshops on reducing plastic provincial waste. (Vietnam)

Quarter 3: 2 ● The Ha Long City People’s Committee issued Plan No. 117/KH-UBND on April 26, 2019

announcing the deployment of the national “Anti-Plastic Waste Movement" in Ha Long City. GreenHub provided data inputs to the Ha Long City PC from its waste audits and surveys of plastic waste found in coastal areas in Ha Long City/Bay and Cat Ba archipelago. GreenHub also informed the local government environment officials through its reports, presentations, publications, dialogues, meetings, workshops, and field visits. (Vietnam)


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● The Hai Phong People’s Committee issued Official Letter No. 920-CV/TU on May 28, 2019, putting into effect the implementation of the Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc’s strategy mobilizing the entire country to join hands in solving the problem of plastic waste. In support of the strategy, GreenHub organized regular meetings and workshops with local government environment officials to share the results of its project to reduce plastic waste in this sensitive ecological heritage site. GreenHub worked with local authorities on plastic waste initiatives related to its research and pilot testing of flotation devices as well as public communication campaigns on handling and recycling household plastic waste. (Vietnam)

Quarter 4: 12 ● Following a lengthy advocacy campaign participated in by GIDKP and YPBB directed at

the Bandung City government, the Mayor issued City Regulation No.37/2019 in July 2019 on Plastic Bag Reduction (“Peraturan Wali Kota Bandung No.37 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pelaksanaan Peraturan Daerah No.17 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik”). The regulation was launched in early September 2019. (Indonesia)

● With technical assistance provided by C3MC, Barangay Salvacion, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan, Philippines, adopted Ordinance No. 15 Series 2019, regulating the utilization of single-use plastic and polystyrene foam and specifying enforcement mechanisms and penalties. (Philippines)

● In the Municipality of Basay, Negros Occidental, Ordinance No.18-08-10, Series of 2018, was enacted on Integrated Solid Waste Management, prescribing fees for SWM services, declaring certain acts prohibited and imposing penalties thereof. The ordinance was influenced by PRRCFI’s advocacy efforts with city environment officials. (Philippines)

● Valvettithurai Urban Council (Regulation No.427/21.05.2019) in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka, passed a regulation restricting the use of plastic lunch sheets and mandating their replacement with biodegradable, eco-friendly lunch sheets introduced by CEA. (Sri Lanka)

● Point Pedro Urban Council (Regulation No.C34/2019) in Jaffna District, Sri Lanka, passed a regulation restricting the use of plastic lunch sheets and mandating their replacement with banana leaves. SLCDF conducted trainings of local authority staff members and elected officials on the importance of the 3 ‘Rs’ and waste segregation and the importance of establishing SWM Steering Committees to ensure that regulations address the local plastic waste challenges. (Sri Lanka)

● Sipalay City passage and endorsement of a Municipal Action Plan on Plastic Waste finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided by PRRCFI.* (Philippines)

● Bayawan City passage and endorsement of a Municipal Action Plan on Plastic Waste finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided by PRRCFI.* (Philippines)

● Cauayan Municipality passage and endorsement of a Municipal Action Plan on Plastic Waste finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided by PRRCFI.* (Philippines)

● Hinob-an Municipality passage and endorsement of a Municipal Action Plan on Plastic Waste finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided by PRRCFI.* (Philippines)


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● Basay Municipality passage and endorsement of a Municipal Action Plan on Plastic Waste finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided by PRRCFI.* (Philippines)

● Santa Catalina Municipality passage and endorsement of a Municipal Action Plan on Plastic Waste finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided by PRRCFI.* (Philippines)

● Siaton Municipality passage and endorsement of a Municipal Action Plan on Plastic Waste finalized during a series of workshops and in-house technical assistance provided by PRRCFI.* (Philippines)

Program Year 4: 16 (as of September 30, 2020) Quarter 1: 4

● The Governor of Jakarta Province signed Governor’s Regulation No.142 (2019) on December 27, 2019 which addresses the public’s obligation to use environmentally friendly shopping bags at shopping centers, malls, supermarkets, and traditional markets. The regulation was instituted in June 2020. GIDKP was the leading Indonesian NGO advocating for the passage of this regulation. (Indonesia)

● The Government of Vietnam, led by the Vietnam Administration of Sea and Islands (VASI), a department within MONRE, passed a National Action Plan for the Management of Marine Plastic Litter by 2030 in December 2019. Several MWRP grantees, most notably CECR, MCD, ENDA and GreenHub participated in consultations with the government and advocated for its passage. (Vietnam)

● The HCMC Peoples Committee passed Directive No.782/TP-VB on November 4, 2019 to postpone the deadline to 2025 for changing the requirements of IWCs’ garbage collection equipment. This Directive supports IWCs’ advocacy efforts to address the difficulties of the Decision 4448 which mandates IWCs to upgrade their current collection equipment to small pickup trucks. ENDA and IWC cooperatives advocated on the need to maintain an equipment standard that is affordable to IWC members. (Vietnam)

● The HCMC Peoples Committee issued Document 10656/STNMT-CTR on December 6, 2019, which revised articles on collection fees in Decision No. 38. The main modification is that the monthly waste collection fees for households was increased to VND 60,000 effective January 2020 from the prior amount of VND 25,000. ENDA and the IWC cooperatives advocated for this important revision to prior regulations to increase IWC income levels citywide. (Vietnam)

Quarter 2: 4 • Bandung City issued a directive to set aside 10% of kelurahan’s and RW’s Development

Innovation and Territorial Empowerment Program (PIPPK) budget for environmental and waste management projects and include the construction of integrated waste processing facilities. YPBB and other civil society groups advocated for more public sector resources to be allocated to SWM activities. (Indonesia)

• The Mayor of Sorong City, West Papua received regional approval to issue an order on November 27, 2019, amending existing city SWM regulations from 2013 authorizing the introduction of a fee-for-service arrangement for SWM services, improvements to the


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city SWM system, and support for recycling. Misool Foundation provided technical experts to assist the city with formulating its SWM/recycling strategy. (Indonesia)

• The Phu Quoc District Peoples Committee, passed in November 2019 the Phu Quoc Action Plan for Marine Plastic Debris Management to 2025, developed in cooperation with the Phu Quoc Solid Waste Management Platform organized by WWF-Vietnam and the Phu Quoc Office of Natural Resources and the Environment. (Vietnam)

• Resolution 362/18.02.2019: The Valvettithurai Urban Council banned the use of plastic shopping bags and recommended cloth bags. Eco-lunch sheets and glass plates are required for take-out meals at restaurants and public halls. SLCDF conducted trainings of local authority staff members and elected officials on the importance of the 3 Rs and waste segregation and establishing SWM Steering Committees to ensure that regulations address the local plastic waste challenges. (Sri Lanka)

Quarter 3: 1 ● In Galle, Sri Lanka, the Baddegama Pradeshiya Sabha, Bope-Poddala Pradeshiya Sabha, and

Nagoda Pradeshiya Sabha passed Solid Waste Management Plans for 2020-24 in May 2020. SLCDF, its NGO partners, and project consultants held consultations between community residents and the local authority to develop these practical Municipal Solid Waste Management Plans.* (Sri Lanka)

Quarter 4: 7 • Following presentation of GreenHub’s research data and technical consultations, the

Quang Ninh province issued a technical regulation on the use of buoyant materials in aquaculture farms for brackish and salt water (Decision 31/2020/ QD-UBND, August 31, 2020). (Vietnam)

• SLCDF-Jaffna provided technical assistance from a subject matter expert to the Point Pedro Urban Council in the preparation of its Strategic Solid Waste Management Plan. (Sri Lanka)

• SLCDF-Jaffna provided technical assistance from a subject matter expert to the Valvettithurai Urban in the preparation of its Strategic Solid Waste Management Plan.* (Sri Lanka)

• SLCDF-Jaffna provided technical assistance from a subject matter expert to the Chavakachcheri Urban Council (VVT UC) in the preparation of its Strategic Solid Waste Management Plan.* (Sri Lanka)

• MCD technical staff guided the Giao Xuan commune and Giao Hai commune in Giao Thuy district of Nam Dinh in drafting communal action plans for solid waste management.* (Vietnam)

• GIDKP and YPBB staff assisted Bandung Regency to develop revisions of its Local Regulation on Waste Management. (Indonesia)

• GIDKP staff assisted Cimahi City Environmental Agency to develop regulations on single-use plastic reduction. (Indonesia)


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5. Number of activities to more effectively integrate the private sector into solid waste management: At international, national, and city/municipal levels, MWRP has promoted and organized the engagement of private sector companies to reduce ocean plastic waste. Through policy development, education and information campaigns, recycling market expansion, and capacity building on SWM, multinational and national companies have joined MWRP grantees in achieving Program objectives. With MWRP grantees simultaneously contributing to the companies’ plastic reduction and recycling initiatives, this collaboration has resulted in “win-win” partnerships. At the city/municipal level, MWRP grantees supported entrepreneurs with strengthening and expanding SWM, recycling, and reducing plastic waste through trainings, education, skills transfer, and access to new markets. These efforts have followed the core USAID Private Sector Engagement (PSE) Principles, as described in the Municipal Waste Recycling Program Annual Standalone Report on Stakeholders – FY 2020 report submitted in August 2020. The MWRP grantees have leveraged significant private sector resources and influence by combining existing corporate initiatives with MWRP projects, engaging the corporations on policy development and securing direct support for MWRP project activities. MWRP grantees have implemented projects that have incorporated a wide range of private sector partners and established ongoing, durable partnerships. The activities noted below identifies “private sector partners” principally as those entities with a business orientation. These include multinational corporations, national companies, corporate social responsibility programs, foundations, cooperatives, and various stakeholders from the plastic waste value chain (IWCs, “junk shops”, recycling intermediaries, national-level recycling firms). The private sector also includes non-government organizations, community-based organizations, universities, and other civil society groups. MWRP grantees received both direct funding (grants) and indirect funding from their private sector partners. Direct funding to support participants or specific activities was received from nine companies in seven projects (DCA from Danone and H&M, Misool from Misool Eco Resort, Bintari from Indofood, Gringgo from Google and Coca-Cola, Lanka Upcycles from Eco Spindles, Sevanatha from Modern Pack, and PRRCFI from Unilever). Technical and in-kind support was received from 16 private sector partners for 11 projects (Bintari from Maramas; Sevanatha from Coca-Cola; Janathakshan from Keells and Laugfs Supermarkets; Ceylon Chamber of Commerce from Coca-Cola and the Polythene Manufacturers and Recyclers Association of Sri Lanka; World Vision from Coca-Cola; PRRCFI from SM Supermalls, Nestle and Colgate-Palmolive; Philippine Business for the Environment from Robinsons Malls; GreenHub from Coca-Cola; MCD-Vietnam from Dow Chemical; WWF from Marriott Hotels, Novotel, Best Western, InterContinental Hotels; and ENDA from Tetra Pak). MWRP grantees’ project engagement and activities with private sector partners are categorized into several groups: (1) reducing single-use plastic consumption, (2) designing and testing approaches to improve plastic waste collection, handling and processing, (3) identifying cost-effective, sustainable business models (4) developing financial support mechanisms for collecting and treating low-value plastic waste, (5) disseminating information and knowledge on solid waste


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management and recycling, and (6) changing the legal and regulatory framework to address plastic waste issues. (1) Reducing single-use plastic consumption and identifying alternative products. MWRP grantees have partnered with a range of private sector actors to reduce single-use plastics and introduce alternatives/substitutes for local consumption. Attention to the reduction of single-use plastics in 19 projects has involved various private sector groups, i.e., large tourism enterprises (hotel chains, travel providers, boat tours, etc.), tourism-based microenterprises (restaurants, transport, guest houses, guide services), supermarkets (national chains, convenience stores), malls/commercial centers, local food vendors (school cafeterias, noodle stalls, street stalls), business associations (chambers of commerce, tourism associations, etc.), and social enterprises (bulk food stores, drinking water sellers). MWRP grantees engaged in this activity (by country): -Indonesia: DCA, GIDKP -Vietnam: WWF, GreenHub, CSRD, MCD Ha Long, GreenViet -Sri Lanka: Lanka Upcycles, SLCDF Galle, SLCDF Jaffna, Janathakshan, CCC -Philippines: PRRCFI/SM, C3MC, PRRCFI/SWEEP, Mother Earth, Ecowaste Coalition, PBE/PARMS, UGA (2) Designing and testing approaches to improve plastic waste collection, handling and processing. MWRP grantees have developed and tested numerous approaches in 24 projects to strengthen local efforts in solid waste management and recycling. Grantees have worked with the following stakeholder groups to improve the municipal SWM: Independent waste collectors (Misool, Gringgo, YPBB, DCA, ENDA, GreenHub, GreenViet, Sevanatha, SLCDF/Galle, Lanka Upcycles, CRS, C3MC, World Vision, Mother Earth), community waste banks (Misool, Gringgo, Bintari, YPBB, Transformasi), community-based organizations and environmental NGOs (SLCDF/Galle, SLCDF/Jaffna, Janathakshan, World Vision, Gringgo), women’s and youth groups (CECR, GreenHub, GreenViet, Janathakshan, Sevanatha, Gringgo, CSRD, YPBB, Transformasi, C3MC), and commercial establishments such as malls and supermarkets (PRRCFI/SM, PBE/PARMS, Janathakshan). MWRP grantees engaged in this activity (by country): -Indonesia: Misool, Bintari, Gringgo, DCA, Transformasi, YPBB -Vietnam: MCD Ha Long, MCD Nam Dinh, ENDA, CECR, GreenHub, GreenViet, CSRD -Sri Lanka: Lanka Upcycles, Sevanatha, SLCDF/Galle, Janathakshan, CCC -Philippines: CRS, C3MC, World Vision, Mother Earth, PBE/PARMS, PRRCFI/SWEEP (3) Identifying cost-effective, sustainable business models MWRP grantees have created and/or strengthened social enterprise models in 20 projects to institutionalize sustainable SWM operations in municipalities. These private commercial activities range from individual microenterprises in the form of individual informal sector waste collectors (DCA, YPBB, ENDA, GreenViet, Sevanatha, SLCDF/Galle, CRS, C3MC, World Vision, Mother Earth), collective IWC groups (ENDA, Transformasi, CRS), and intermediaries in the plastic waste value chain such as “junk shops” (Misool, GreenViet, Lanka Upcycles, Sevanatha, Janathakshan,


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CRS, C3MC, World Vision, Mother Earth) to large-scale recycling firms (Misool, Bintari, DCA, Lanka Upcycles, Sevanatha, PBE/PARMS). MWRP grantees engaged in this activity (by country): -Indonesia: Misool, Bintari, DCA, Transformasi, YPBB -Vietnam: ENDA, CECR, GreenHub, WWF, GreenViet -Sri Lanka: Lanka Upcycles, Sevanatha, SLCDF/Galle, Janathakshan, CCC -Philippines: CRS, C3MC, World Vision, Mother Earth, PBE/PARMS (4) Developing financial support mechanisms for collecting and treating low-value plastic waste The principal types of financial support mechanisms developed by MWRP grantees related to the formation and operation of community collection activities. Financial support mechanisms were used in 9 projects. In Indonesia, the community waste banks, or collection units, are operated at the neighborhood level with household participation promoted as a means of supplementing household incomes. National SWM professionals consider that achieving sustainable waste banks is a difficult proposition and usually view their ongoing operation as driven primarily by a sense of volunteerism and community welfare. One notable exception is Bintari, which is engaged with building the economic viability of waste banks in Semarang by expanding their size, management capacity, and range of member services. PBE/PARMS are partnering with Robinson Malls and Sentinel Manufacturing to test how the collection and processing of low-value plastics from the malls’ material recovery facility can be upscaled into marketable products. MWRP grantees engaged in this activity (by country): -Indonesia: Bintari, DCA, Misool, Transformasi -Vietnam: CECR -Sri Lanka: CCC -Philippines: PBE/PARMS, World Vision, Mother Earth (5) Disseminating information and knowledge on solid waste management and recycling With support from private sector partners, MWRP grantees have developed information and education communications (IEC) campaigns in 13 projects to raise public awareness of the ocean plastic pollution problem, the need to practice the 3Rs, and to reduce the consumption of single-use plastics. Social media (PRRCFI and SM Supermalls) and traditional national media such as newspaper, television, and radio (WWF-Vietnam) have been used extensively by grantees and their partners. Collection bins and banners have been provided in tourist areas to highlight the plastic waste problem (Sevanatha and Coca-Cola) and the need for cooperation from community residents and visitors. MWRP grantees engaged in this activity (by country): -Indonesia: Bintari, DCA, Misool -Vietnam: MCD/Ha Long, WWF -Sri Lanka: CCC, Sevanatha, Janathakshan, Lanka Upcycles -Philippines: World Vision, PBE/PARMS, PRRCFI/SM, PRRCFI/SWEEP


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(6) Changing the legal and regulatory framework to address plastic waste issues MWRP grantees have observed that private sector partners were less interested in promoting legal and regulatory reform, though these companies have taken the opportunity to consult on changes to existing laws and regulations and on new topics under consideration in 19 projects. In Indonesia, as local governments approve new laws and regulations, NGOs such as GIDKP, Bintari and YPBB, participate in raising the awareness of these reforms of local businesses. In Sri Lanka, CCC has brought several of its member companies and trade associations into the dialogue taking place with the national government on developing new legislation and regulations that will address post-consumer handling of plastic waste. In the Philippines, PRRCFI worked with several multinational corporations (Nestle, Unilever, Colgate-Palmolive) on product sales designs that could eliminate the need for small, non-recyclable plastic sachets. MWRP grantees engaged in this activity (by country): -Indonesia: GIDKP, Misool, Bintari, DCA, YPBB, GIDKP -Vietnam: ENDA, CECR, GreenHub, WWF, GreenViet -Sri Lanka: SLCDF Galle, SLCDF/Jaffna, PILF, CCC -Philippines: CRS, C3MC, PRRCFI/SWEEP, Mother Earth Cumulative Total Activities: 51 (as of September 30, 2020)

Program Year 1: 0

Program Year 2: 9 ● CRS provided technical assistance to informal sector IWCs and to the small junk shops

purchasing plastics and other recycled materials. ● CECR facilitated connections between ward-level Women's Union groups and local

recycling firms. ● WWF continued to work with the Phu Quoc Chamber of Commerce to set up a

voluntary working group (Platform) for participating businesses to share information, advice, and accomplishments on plastic waste management.

● GreenHub continued to cooperate with private hotels, restaurants and tourist boats to collect information on plastic consumption and waste handling.

● ENDA met with corporations, which included Coca-Cola, Tetra Pak, Unilever, and Vietnam Upcycling, to find solutions on how to recycle single-use plastics. As a result, the project collaborated with Tetra Pak, Coca-Cola, Unilever, and Upp! UpCycling Plastic to reduce and reuse single-use plastic waste. There have been discussions to create a plan for IWCs to collect product packaging and other plastic waste produced by these companies. The project’s cooperative in District 6 of Ho Chi Minh City entered into an agreement with Tetra Pak to collect milk containers. However, the municipal government lacks the infrastructural capacity to clean and store waste in large quantities. ENDA advocated building a public-private partnership to increase the city’s ability to process plastic waste and as of December 2020, 30% of IWCs in District 6 are currently working with Tetra Pak and Coca-Cola to collect their plastic waste and sell to recycling companies.

● Sevanatha assisted new and existing microentrepreneurs to develop viable recycling operations in environmental hotspots through individualized trainings, community education campaigns and linkages with recycling firms.


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● Janathakshan carried out workshops with fishermen and boat owners, training sessions with 15 supermarkets including staff and customers, and visits to 80 hotels and restaurants, which resulted in reducing consumption of single-use plastic products and in entrepreneurs and businesses establishing linkages with recyclers of PET bottles and other recyclable materials.

● SLCDF-Galle identified private recyclers and linked them with community-based plastic waste collection centers to expand their supply chain.

● Lanka Upcycles established PET bottle collection operations with its local partnering businesses in Arugam Bay and sells the compacted PET bottles to a Colombo-based recycler.

Program Year 3: 25 Quarter 1: 6

● World Vision provided technical assistance to informal sector IWCs and to the small junk shops purchasing plastics and other recycled materials, in partnership with The Plastic Bank. The project held a two-day workshop with 33 participants on business management and established the local Kabalikat Grocery Store as a redemption center for recyclable materials. The project also facilitated the connection of seven junkshops to national recyclers.

● Sevanatha met with Coca-Cola representatives to discuss each party’s plans for plastic waste management. The company expressed interest in supporting community-level initiatives in waste separation, the collection of PET bottles and plastic waste, and providing training for people who are engaged in recyclable waste collection activities in the project area. Sevanatha worked with Coca-Cola representatives to identify, finance, and place 20 Sevanatha-designed PET bottle deposit bins in schools and other locations in Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia.

● Janathakshan incorporated 15 target regular-sized supermarkets into the “No Polythene” campaign, to join 2 large supermarket chains (LAUGFs & Co-op) and 30 minimarkets. The supermarkets have experienced a considerable reduction in the purchase and use of plastic shopping bags.

● Lanka Upcycles signed a purchase agreement with Eco Spindles PVT Ltd. in Horana near Colombo and sent the first batch of 105 PET bales to the company, which recycles the plastic into polyester yarn. In November 2018, the project team visited the factory, which also produces bristles for brooms and paint brushes.

● CCC convened 23 representatives from different economic sectors to coordinate with the government of Sri Lanka to develop a PPP roadmap for plastic recycling in the country. Selected private sector firms participated with the government in the official Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) Project Steering Committee.

● GreenHub is working this quarter with the International Collaborating Centre for Aquaculture and Fisheries Sustainability, fishing coops, and other partners including Line-X paint company to pilot a model of an “Environment-Friendly Solutions for Floating Materials in Aquaculture in Ha Long Bay, Bai Tu Long Bay,” culminating in a workshop held on December 28, 2018.

● GreenHub joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry to attend the Trade Forum between Korea and the Mekong region


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countries on December 13-14, 2018 in Seoul, Korea, with the theme of promoting common prosperity through environmentally friendly initiatives.

Quarter 2: 9 ● BINTARI operated a partnership with Indofood, local food vendors, and recyclers to

incentivize the collection of low-value noodle packets for resale. ● Misool continued to revitalize its formal working arrangements with dozens of small

community-based bank sampah to purchase collected recyclables. Misool sells those recyclables in large volumes (450 MT in 2018) to industrial recycling firms in Java.

● Janathakshan collaborated with the Negombo hotel sector, assisting them to review their management of guest services and put into place plastic waste reduction practices.

● MCD conducted research and experiments with local universities to design and install river-based waste traps using locally appropriate technologies.

● WWF trained fishermen in Duong Dong Town on plastic waste reduction in coordination with the local government.

● WWF assisted 20 major hotels in the tourist industry, including Novotel and the Intercontinental Hotel, to establish voluntary targets to reduce their plastic consumption, set up recycling operations, and join the Phu Quoc SWM Platform.

● ENDA jointly with IWCs established 9 new cooperatives with 999 members of new district-level cooperatives to address the economic issues of its members under MWRP.

● C3MC worked with local IWCs to identify markets for the recyclables collected in distant, hard-to-reach barangays.

● PRRCFI Negros worked with small grocery store owners in Sipalay and Cauayan to develop a sari-sari business model with a low-plastic footprint that replaces single-use plastic sachets and meets the needs of low-income residents.

Quarter 3: 1 ● DCA has signed an agreement with Danone to purchase plastic waste and low-value

residual plastics from recyclers collecting on the Thousand Islands and with H&M to reuse plastic waste for apparel.

Quarter 4: 9 ● PRRCFI organized a ‘Brands Roundtable for Less Waste’ to convene NGOs and

corporations to share their visions and plans for reducing single-use plastic waste through redesign and recycling; attended by 30 representatives from corporations and social enterprises including Unilever, Nestlé, Starbucks, Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf, San Miguel Corporation, Globe Telecom, Max’s Group, Inc., Human Heart Nature, SESOU Nature Source, Coco Pallet, Sip PH, and Green Antz Builders.

● Janathakshan in Negombo, Sri Lanka, provided 30 hours of technical assistance training to the Negombo Municipal Council staff to aid in implementing the Green Star rating program with local supermarket chains. The Green Star rating system measures supermarket compliance with established standards in plastic waste reduction. The Green Star rating program has grown to 17 supermarkets.

● Lanka Upcycles company (Rice & Carry) became a guaranteed member of the World Fair Trade Organization, a significant accomplishment for an enterprise working on producing recycled plastic goods. The company recently received its first bulk order from Urban Island for 1,540 recycled plastic buckles for bags at a Four Seasons resort in the Maldives Islands. Lanka Upcycles visited Phoenix Industries’ plastic manufacturing factory to get a


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better understanding of the scalability of its recycled plastic manufacturing operation upon conclusion of its MWRP grant. As a CSR initiative, Phoenix Industries offered senior technicians to support Lanka Upcycles’ future plans to extend the production line.

● The WWF-organized Phu Quoc SWM Platform worked with 40 tourism sector businesses to secure commitments to reduce single-use plastics in their businesses. Participating businesses received a WWF Plastics-Reducing Practices Participation Certificate for display in their businesses.

● World Vision secured financial support from the Coca-Cola Foundation, in combination with DENR, to fund the construction of a new Materials Recovery Facility for Barangay Baseco in Metro Manila.

● Bintari linked its bank sampah operators with the BNI Agen46 program. Agen46 facilitates access by small- and medium-sized enterprises to banking services such as savings accounts, digital financial services, and e-payment services.

● PBE is partnering with PARMS and Robinsons shopping malls in Metro Manila to test the feasibility of converting low-value residual plastic waste such as bags, utensils, and sachets into marketable products like interlocking building blocks, parking bumpers, pallets and bollards. The value of this activity is in finding upcycling opportunities for what is presently considered low-value plastics poorly suited to recycling.

● PRRCFI is partnering with SM Supermalls to educate, raise awareness, and change behavior of the public on plastic waste, through a creative information campaign targeting consumers in Metro Manila and throughout the country. The project supports the Government of the Philippines initiative to clean up and rehabilitate Manila Bay.

● Sevanatha partnered with Coca-Cola to place 20 collection bins for PET bottles at schools and other locations around Dehiwala-Mount Lavinia.


● Ceylon Chamber of Commerce is working with Tetra Pak in the development of an EPR roadmap for Sri Lanka.

● PRRCFI Negros is collaborating with Nestlé in setting up the product mix for its Wala Usik (No Waste) sari-sari store model in southern Negros.

● Janathakshan is working with the largest national supermarket chain, Keells, to reduce its consumption of plastic bags and to participate in the Green Star rating program in Negombo, Sri Lanka.

● DCA is working with KFC as a partner in the #NoStrawMovement to engage youth in the KFC program and support marine debris issues. With KFC support, DCA expanded its Marine Debris Rangers program to Manado with participants coming from DCA’s national youth summit.

● DCA collaborates with an Indonesian company, Sejauh Mata Memandang, which produces fashion products and carefully manages its textile waste. DCA and the company collaborate in educating urban communities about the impact of marine debris pollution. They will also plant corals and mangroves to the Thousand Islands as a carbon offset.

● DCA will receive a small percentage of the sales of sustainably made personal care products from an Indonesian company, Goban Cosmetics products, to support waste separation facilities on the Thousand Islands.


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Quarter 2: 5 ● EcoWaste Coalition collaborates with two private Philippine universities, University of

Santo Tomas and De La Salle University, to conduct four technical studies on SWM and ocean plastic waste pollution in Manila Bay.

● Janathakshan surveyed hotels in Negombo Municipality to establish baseline data on PET bottle use and disposal practices. Subsequently, Janathakshan linked hotels to recyclers and recruited 80 hotels to join the ‘Go Green Negombo’ campaign.

● Janathakshan facilitated a partnership with the Sri Lankan Navy, Harbour Cooperative Society, Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DFAR), Negombo Port Authority managers, Multi-Day Boat Owners Association, and Beira Enviro Solutions (Pvt) Limited to design a system for monitoring the use and return of PET bottles by fishing and tourist boats at the Negombo port. Janathakshan introduced the Beira Enviro Solutions to the PPP, which provided bins and picked up the returned PET bottles.

● ENDA-Vietnam worked with Tontoton recyclers in HCMC and a cement company in Kien Giang to test the use of low-value, single-use plastics as a refuse-derived fuel (RDF) for their cement kilns. ENDA advised the IWC cooperatives on its signing of a Letter of Agreement in March 2020 with Tontoton to supply the specified plastic waste.

● WWF-Vietnam collaborated with Dandy Travel, Epizode, and Phu Quoc Green & Clean, to conduct orientations on reducing single-use plastics for tour boat operators and tour guides in December 2019 on Phu Quoc Island.

Quarter 3: 2 ● The IWC Cooperative Alliance (established by support from ENDA) has joined the

Citywide Network, an organization of community groups that provides access to savings accounts and housing credit for residents of Hanoi, Binh Dinh, Quang Nam, and Ho Chi Minh City. IWC Cooperative Alliance members will be able to open savings accounts and apply for loans to upgrade their collection vehicles and homes.

● PBE established a partnership with Sentinel Upcycling in Manila to take low-value plastics collected from two Robinsons Malls and produce garbage bins for use in its chain of malls.

Quarter 4: 4 ● Bintari facilitated a gold savings component of PT Pegadaian, a state-owned pawn shop

company, through its Corporate Social Responsibility environmental cleanup program (Pro Planet) that offers trash sorting into gold. A waste bank household collects and sells recyclable waste materials and exchanges its value by adding to their gold savings account balance with PT Pegadaian.

● Bintari facilitated a grocery services component of the Grocery Division at Bentulu Sejahtera Abadi Microcredit Cooperative, which enables the waste bank to offer its members the means to use their collected recyclables for payment/exchange of basic ingredients, such as cooking oil, rice, sugar, or instant noodles.

● CCC: Private sector companies were active participants in CCC’s workshop ‘Responsibility in Plastics: Balancing Profits and the Environment’ in September 2020; notably Coca-Cola Beverages, Ceylon Cold Stores, ChakraSuthra, and Modern Pack Lanka Pvt Limited.


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● GreenHub, SHQ Indochina Company, and the Japanese company Okasan Livic Vietnam, met with Quang Ninh province environmental officials and the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development to design plans to build a plant to produce Line-X paint for the flotation supports of aquaculture farms in Ha Long Bay.

6. Percentage of grantees that have incorporated one or more women’s empowerment indicators in their monitoring and evaluation plans: Percentage of Grantees - Cumulative: 100% (30 grantees; cumulative total to date 30/30)

Program Year 1: 0%

Program Year 2: 10% (2 grantees; cumulative total to date 2/20; effective September 30, 2018) -Catholic Relief Services (CRS) -Sevanatha Urban Resource Centre

Program Year 3: 100% (28 additional grantees; cumulative total to date 30/30; effective September 30, 2019) Quarter 1: 45% (7 additional grantees; cumulative total to date 9/20)

• Philippine Reef & Rainforest Conservation Foundation Inc. (PPRCFI #1) • Centre for Supporting Green Development (GreenHub) • Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #1 Galle) • Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation (SLCDF #2 Jaffna) • Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #1: Ha Long) • Centre for Marinelife Conservation & Community Development (MCD #2: Nam Dinh) • Environnement et Développement du Tiers-Monde (ENDA)

Quarter 2: 65% (6 additional grantees; cumulative total to date 15/23)

• Center for Environment and Community Research (CECR) • Center for Social Research & Development (CSRD) • Janathakshan Guarantee Ltd. • Lanka Upcycles Private Ltd. • Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC) • Public Interest Law Foundation (PILF)

Quarter 3: 88% (7 additional grantees; cumulative total to date 22/25)

• WWF Vietnam • C3MC • Bintari Foundation • Misool Foundation • Divers Clean Action • Gringgo Indonesia Foundation • Transformasi

Quarter 4: 100% (8 additional grantees; cumulative total to date 30/30) • PRRCFI #2


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• Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) • University of George Research Foundation (UGA) • Mother Earth Foundation • Ecological Waste Coalition of the Philippines Inc. (EWC) • GAIA • GIDKP • World Vision-Philippines

Program Year 4: 100% (All Program grantees are measuring one or more women’s empowerment indicators)

COMPONENT 2: Evaluation of Grants Program Results and Development of Lessons Learned &

Recommendations for USAID Investments 7. Number of investment opportunities identified to improve solid waste management At the request of USAID MWRP in Program Year 2, DIG was tasked with identifying potential private sector investment opportunities related to SWM and recycling in the four Program countries. DIG teams visited the four countries to meet with local companies. DIG collected detailed information on the proposed borrowers, project investment plan/concept, current financial statements, and financial projections. USAID MWRP accelerated this task, originally planned for Program Year 4, because of the strategic partnership developed between the USAID/DCA Office and Circulate Capital. The potential investment opportunities were not pursued vigorously at that time because Circulate Capital was still in its early stages of development and had not yet clarified its investment priorities or risk management strategy. Cumulative Total SWM/Recycling Investment Opportunities: 16 (as of September 30, 2020)

Program Year 1: 1 • Phoenix Industries Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka)

Program Year 2: 15 • PT Harapan Interaksi Swadaya/Greenhope (Indonesia) • PT Xaviera Global Synergy (Indonesia) • Polydime International (Sri Lanka) • Orient Group of Companies (Sri Lanka) • Viridis Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Eco Sans Plastics Private Ltd. (Sri Lanka) • Dai Long Group JSC (Vietnam) • Hoai Nam Hoai Bac Company (Vietnam) • Da Loc Trade and Construction LLC Project 1 (Vietnam) • Da Loc Trade and Construction LLC Project 2 (Vietnam)


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• Sure Global Waste to Worth Ltd. (W2W Philippines); Dagupan City • Green Desert Company Ltd. (Vietnam) • Basic Environmental Systems Technologies Inc. (BEST Philippines); Cebu City • Sure Global Waste to Worth Ltd. (W2W Philippines); Angeles City • Sure Global Waste to Worth Ltd. (W2W Philippines); Cabuyao, Laguna

Program Year 3: 0 Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 0 Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0 Program Year 4: 0 (as of September 30, 2020) Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 0 Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0 8. Number of lessons learned on solid waste management practices affecting plastic pollution Cumulative Total Lessons Learned: 136 (as of September 30, 2020) Program Year 1: 0 Program Year 2: 6 Program Year 3: 44

Program Year 4: 86 (as of September 30, 2020) Quarter 1: 31 Quarter 2: 17 Quarter 3: 15 Quarter 4: 23 The following table identifies the total number of 136 lessons learned during the life of the Program, of which 23 originated during the last quarter. Note that:

1. The number(s) in parentheses ( ) in the table indicate the other thematic category (or categories) that includes the same lesson learned. While the same lesson may appear in more than one category, it is only counted once as a lesson learned.

2. The 23 new lessons learned for this quarter are indicated in bold.

3. The compilation of lessons learned for this Annual Report incorporates a careful review by DIG of prior reports which included duplications and incomplete items. These items have been removed from this Annual Report. As a result, the number of lessons learned prior to this quarter was reduced from 127 to 117, which is reflected in Annex 1: MWRP Results and in Section 2, Table I: Summary of MWRP Targets and Results.


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No. CATEGORY LESSON 1 Government legal

and regulatory reform (national & local)

• Expert advice to national and local governments by MWRP grantees is a long process due to political dynamics and delays during election cycles.

• The need exists to strengthen the national policy framework for plastic waste reduction (e.g., in Indonesia and Sri Lanka) beyond what currently exists in SWM laws and other environmental regulations.

• Budgetary and cost recovery shortcomings are not routinely addressed by political decision makers. (3)

• Efforts to address the ocean plastic waste problem in Indonesia and the Philippines must consider the high degree of regional variations that shape the problems and potential solutions.

• For legal reforms, project implementers have achieved results by using an approach that is bottom-up for consultation, technical assistance, and planning; and top-down for securing approval.

• Advocacy for legislative reforms in Vietnam should engage and seek the support of the highest ranked decision-maker, in this case the Chairman of each District’s People’s Committee.

• Successful advocacy for securing national SWM regulatory reforms have a trickle-down effect and facilitate positive changes to regulations by local authorities.

• EPR and Extended Stakeholder Responsibility (ESR) have become important topics for national government environmental action on the legislative and regulatory fronts, which will have substantial impact on the business sector and communities. (13)

• The experience of developing an EPR roadmap has demonstrated the utility of having a neutral institution play a brokering role between constituencies with differing points of view (i.e., the national government agencies, NGOs and civil society, and the private sector). (13)

• LG officials benefit from technical assistance (TA) in planning, implementing, and enforcing SWM/recycling policies and regulations on reducing local consumption of single-use plastic products. (2,8)

• Local ordinances mandating separation at source for households are an important catalyst for behavior change. (2,3,4,6)

• Supporting the development of national and/or local policies to reduce the use of plastic (e.g., regulating use of plastic in public-funded festivals or of plastic bags or


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straws in markets/restaurants) is an important step to creating large-scale behavior change. (6)

2 Local government (LG) engagement

• LG messaging to promote solid waste separation at source in communities is practical only when coupled with the availability of proper recycling and waste collection practices. (5)

• Having LG authorities involved in developing a communication strategy to encourage the reduction of plastic waste and reinforcing the message is an effective means of instilling behavior change than just having an NGO directly communicate with households. (5)

• The frequent turnover caused by election cycles of local government officials and environmental staff responsible for SWM underscores the need to have clear laws and regulations, institutionalized structures for SWM operations, and technical training and support to reinforce the transition to new implementing units.

• Institutionalized SWM system feedback mechanisms promote accountability improvements in SWM practices through (i) regular community meetings to discuss SWM approaches, clarification of stakeholder roles, enforcement, and regulatory framework; (ii) input from the community and SWM staff drive reflection and change; and (iii) effective citywide and region-wide coordination mechanisms support SWM policymaking, planning, decision-making, and implementation.

• Project planning with the open and transparent participation of community and local authority stakeholders generates considerable and positive public engagement at the implementation level.

• Most municipalities in Indonesia and the Philippines delegate the responsibility for SWM service delivery to their lower LG levels at neighborhood units without sufficient funding.

• Philippine lower LG level (i.e., barangays) handling daily waste management services may have adequate physical infrastructure and SWM plans in place but lack oversight and technical support from the city environmental office.

• Environmental agencies in major cities need transparent relationships with local stakeholders to monitor compliance with single-use plastic regulations and keep consumers, businesses, and plastic bag producers/suppliers informed. (8)

• The lack of coordination between government offices during the pandemic proves frustrating to community residents who have questions about solid waste management. (16)


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• Strengthening the plastic value chain linkages between private sector stakeholders (i.e., independent waste collectors, local recyclers/buyers, national-level buyers) and the local government results in a reduction of waste going into public landfills. (14)

• LG officials benefit from technical assistance in planning, implementing, and enforcing SWM/recycling policies and regulations on reducing local consumption of single-use plastic products. (1,8)



• Banning plastic wrapping or packaging materials for food products like raw fish, peeled fruits, grilled chicken, or cooked food needs to be accompanied by offering alternatives, even at an increased cost. Without such alternative, neither the client nor the producer will comply. (6)

3 Local government (LG) financial

sustainability and cost recovery

• LGs that receive technical assistance to improve implementation of community SWM plans generate new jobs and provide benefits (e.g., permits, health, and social services) to IWCs. (8,9,12)

• Home or private garden composting of organic waste offers a promising low-cost solution for reducing basic SWM service expenses but is under-promoted and underutilized. (7)

• LGs are looking more closely at PPPs for financing new SWM/recycling infrastructure investments. (4,13)

• Budgetary and cost recovery shortcomings are not routinely addressed by political decision makers. (1)


• LGs often do not charge reasonable fees for SWM services which would generate sufficient revenues to cover the costs of efficient garbage collection.

• Elected LG officials may claim that charging residents a fee for SWM service will hamper their re-election, thereby negatively impacting their SWM budgets and consequently restrict their LG’s capacity to deliver quality services.


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• IWC participation reduces LG operational costs and social costs. Thus, LGs should consider supporting IWCs with direct payments, provision of goods, or mandating that households and businesses pay a SWM collection fee. (12)

4 Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) & Local government (LG) investment considerations

• LGs typically lack capital funds to invest in SWM infrastructure (landfills, vehicles, etc.) and are reliant upon national government transfers for major expenditures in all four countries.

• Minor public investments into collection tools and equipment for independent waste collectors are a cost-effective means for creating sustainable, market driven SWM systems in communities. (12)

• LG SWM authorities face critical unfunded mandates from national laws for waste collection and SWM infrastructure (i.e., sanitary landfills, vehicles, and equipment).

• LGs are responsible for environmental sustainability without having the appropriate capacity and budget. LGs are facing social costs like externalities without having the financial means or technical capacity. Social/financial costs as a result of externalities of produced plastics that are not taken back by producers need to be a core objective of cooperation between government, the private sector, and communities.

• Reducing plastic waste leakage into the environment has led to substantial job creation (i.e., 2,250 jobs in 30 projects).



• PPPs function when there is an honest broker from civil society, a Chamber of Commerce, or an organization that is universally trusted and respected by all parties.

5 Information, education &

communications (IEC); i.e. raising

awareness of stakeholders

• A training-of-trainers approach with community-based organizations and volunteers is an effective means of reaching large numbers of community residents in a short timeframe, and of promoting behavior change in local SWM practices. (8)

• Utilizing multiple communication channels for outreach to raise awareness and promote a grants Program elicits a strong response from interested local organizations.

• Comprehensive solid waste manuals, posters, and informational flyers on the importance of proper waste management are effective educational tools for local governments and civil society


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to use for civic education among households and establishments (schools, businesses, etc.).

• Beach cleanups and/or settlement cleaning activities to raise local awareness have been effective ways to identify community leaders and secure commitments from government officials. (11)

• Public events and activities such as beach cleanups and waste audits are an effective way of encouraging the population to continue spreading the word about ocean plastic pollution and the importance of reducing plastic use and recycling. Following such events and activities, many groups and organizations reach out to MWRP grantees requesting guidelines on how to carry out their own ocean plastic-awareness activities. Grantees can benefit from making guidelines/manuals available for replication.

• Social behavioral change communication techniques directed at youth should be adapted to age and gender diversity and consider local religious, cultural, and economic contexts. (10)

• Social media is proving to be an effective tool to inform and mobilize youth to participate in community projects and in advocacy campaigns to influence public officials on the need to address the plastic waste problem and its impact on the ocean.

• Competitions, such as poster designs, clothing, and photography, are useful for generating interest among youth on the ocean plastic waste issue. (10)

• Door-to-door education and awareness-raising activities directed at households on how to separate recyclable waste are necessary for achieving community compliance. (7)

• School-based educational activities have proven effective at raising awareness among large numbers of students, teachers, and administrators.

• Support from school administrators and teachers is essential for carrying out effective school education programs on ocean plastic pollution.

• Radio and TV spots are an effective means of messaging large populations.

• There is a fast-growing interest among the public on the topic of ocean plastic pollution due to expanding coverage by news sources and opinion-makers.

• In tourist locations, blending messaging on proper waste management and reducing single-use plastics has helped raise awareness and has been well received by travelers, tourism business owners, and the local population. (13)


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• Online tools (Zoom, Instagram, YouTube, WhatsApp, etc.) have proven effective in communicating with local stakeholders. (8, 15, 16)

• Online trainings on health and safety have been extremely important during the pandemic, as the potential hazards to waste bank operators have increased. (8,16)

• Short, detailed “how-to” videos are effective at explaining how to accomplish waste separation at source for the purpose of collecting recyclables and composting organics. (8)

• Youth participation in waste audits is an effective way to raise awareness and motivate changes in behavior on plastic waste. (10)

• Showing hotspots of plastic waste to students (“waste tour”) is an effective way to raise awareness and motivate changes in behavior on plastic waste. (10)

• LG messaging to promote solid waste separation at source in communities is practical only when coupled with the availability of proper recycling and waste collection practices. (2)

• Having LG authorities involved in developing a communication strategy to encourage the reduction of plastic waste and reinforcing the message is a more effective means of instilling behavior change than just having an NGO directly communicate with households. (2)

• During a public health crisis (such as COVID-19), it has proven difficult to disseminate accurate information because internet content can be contradictory to grantee messages. (16)


• As waste management is usually not noticed by the general population, having it done more publicly in tourist locations is a successful approach to promoting more responsible community efforts to control waste and recycle plastics -- highlighted by the Sri Lanka Tourism Board as a key innovation.

6 Behavior change in waste management

(households & businesses)

• The higher per-unit cost of alternative shopping bags is often seen by shop owners as an impediment to eliminating single-use plastic shopping bags but, in some cases, shop owners have experienced a reduction in the per-unit cost of alternatives as their use scales up.


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• Changes in single-use plastics consumption and separating recyclables in the tourism sector are driven primarily by economic benefit considerations and customer preferences.

• Government cleanup campaigns of accumulated garbage piles in a community should be accompanied with appropriate outreach, messaging, and follow-up to ensure that the location will not become littered again with garbage. (11)

• Resistance to change may arise among specific economic groups when they consider ocean plastic pollution to be a lesser priority than more remunerative issues. (13)

• There is a growing acceptance among the general public of plastic regulations to reduce the consumption of single-use plastics and increase the usage of alternative reusable shopping bags.

• Support from religious leaders is useful in disseminating information to the public, gaining community consensus on the need to improve household waste management, and convincing households to participate in baseline surveys.

• Convenience stores with bulk purchasing, refills of basic foodstuffs, and personal use staples need to respond to consumer interest in environmentally-friendly packaging and affordable products.

• Households and businesses continued waste separation at source during the COVID-19 pandemic, indicating that the health crisis did not substantially alter waste separation behaviors. (7,16)

• School-based training on plastic waste pollution and recycling has led to students’ households doing waste separation at source and recycling. (10)


• Capitalizing on nudge theory helps to increase household composting rates. People who compost “nudge” their neighbors into composting too.





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• Supporting the development of national policies to reduce the use of plastic (e.g., regulating use of plastic in public-funded festivals or of plastic bags or straws in markets or restaurants) is an important step to creating large-scale behavior change. (1)


• Banning plastic wrapping or packaging materials for food products like raw fish, peeled fruits, grilled chicken, or cooked food need to be accompanied by offering alternatives, even at an increased cost. Without such alternative, neither the producer, nor the client will comply. (2)

7 Waste separation at source (households &

businesses)

• A significant portion of the general public stops separating waste at source as they become aware that the municipal garbage collectors mix waste for incineration or final disposal at landfills.

• Household waste separation at source is impacted by three main triggers: raising awareness, social pressure, and the ability to sell recyclables.

• Garbage collection vehicles must be able to accommodate the separated household waste mandated by municipal regulations to ensure community compliance. People will feel betrayed if they separate at source and the waste is mixed in the vehicle or at the landfill.


• Home or private garden composting of organic waste offers a promising low-cost solution for reducing basic SWM service expenses but is under-promoted and underutilized. (3)

• Door-to-door education and awareness-raising activities directed at households on how to separate recyclable waste are necessary for achieving community compliance. (5)




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8 Capacity building of stakeholders

• Few grantee organizations have significant experience with SWM and plastic waste recycling, underscoring the need for grantees to receive technical assistance in finalizing their project designs and during implementation.

• IWCs (as individuals or groups) and small recycling firms will see higher revenues when they attend training sessions and receive technical support oriented towards improving their business skills and understanding of the plastic waste recycling market. (9,12,13)

• Support from stakeholders such as NGOs, city environmental agencies, or religious organizations in training and networking increase the recycling capacity of community waste recycling groups (e.g., bank sampah). (9)

• Exposure visits between waste recycling groups (WRG; i.e., waste banks) are valuable opportunities for learning and for sharing knowledge and approaches.

• The trainings in waste bank management are most effective when taking place in locations with existing recycling operations instead of in workshops/presentations.

• Training materials on business management and health/safety/environmental considerations are essential for organizing and promoting sustainable community recycling operations in Indonesia.

• Three MWRP country workshops provided grantees, civil society organizations, local government environmental offices, and the private sector with an opportunity for learning, networking, discussing, and sharing their organizational priorities, or fostering long-term collaboration.

• A women-to-women approach to promoting community participation in SWM and recycling is proving effective for civil society organizations in various countries. (10)

• Building capacity and empowering individual women and women’s organizations have proven effective in improving SWM and recycling at city/neighborhood levels. (10)

• Short, detailed “how-to” videos are effective at explaining how to accomplish waste separation at source for the purpose of collecting recyclables and composting organics. (5)

• Environmental agencies in major cities need transparent relationships with local stakeholders to monitor compliance with single-use plastic regulations and keep consumers, businesses, and plastic bag producers/suppliers informed. (2)


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• LG officials benefit from technical assistance in planning, implementing, and enforcing SWM/recycling policies and regulations on reducing local consumption of single-use plastic products. (1,2)


• A training-of-trainers approach with community-based organizations and volunteers is an effective means of reaching large numbers of community residents in a short timeframe, and of promoting behavior change in local SWM practices. (5)

9 Community-based SWM strategies

• The community-based SWM model operating in Da Nang demonstrates the importance of mobilizing a broad base of stakeholders (households, community leaders, the Women's Union, independent waste collectors, local recyclers/buyers, solid waste managers, city environmental staff, and political officials from the People’s Committee) who are committed to identifying workable solutions such as “Clean House, Clean Street, Clean City.” (10)

• A Zero Waste model for community-based SWM, which includes recycling and composting, is an accepted practice among the general public when there is good coordination among local government SWM officials and community residents.

• The active participation of grassroots community leaders and CBOs is fundamental to gaining community support, implementing successful projects, and gaining support from the local government.

• Community-based waste banks are developing a range of products and services tied to recycling that facilitate more opportunities for becoming financially viable.

• Community waste recycling groups with varied economic components (e.g., credit, daily bartering, and cooperation with recycling firms) attract more household participation.

• Capacity building, outreach, cooperation, and information exchange among community-based waste banks are necessary to


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meet the challenge of generating sufficient revenues to cover operating costs. (14)

• An effective way to engage women in training on solid waste management and to empower them is to encourage men to voluntarily manage household waste and to help women obtain jobs in the formal solid waste sector. (10)

• Support from stakeholders such as NGOs, city environmental agencies, or religious organizations in training and networking increase the recycling capacity of community waste recycling groups (e.g., bank sampah). (8)



10 Gender and youth-based approaches to

improved SWM

• Corporations are learning that an important way to engage with youth is through IEC campaigns addressing global environmental issues such as reducing ocean plastic pollution. (13)

• There is growing international attention of the importance of youth groups as leaders in raising public awareness of the urgent need to find workable solutions to address ocean plastic pollution.

• An effective way to engage women in training on solid waste management and to empower them is to encourage men to voluntarily manage household waste and to help women obtain jobs in the formal solid waste sector. (9)

• Building capacity and empowering individual women and women’s organizations have proven effective in improving SWM and recycling at city/neighborhood levels. (8)

• A women-to-women approach to promoting community participation in SWM and recycling is proving effective for civil society organizations in various countries. (8)

• School-based training on plastic waste pollution and recycling has led to students’ households doing waste separation at source and recycling. (6)

• Youth participation in waste audits is an effective way to raise awareness and motivate changes in behavior on plastic waste. (5)


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• Showing hotspots of plastic waste to students (“waste tour”) is an effective way to raise their awareness and motivate changes in behavior on plastic waste. (5)

• The community-based SWM model operating in Da Nang demonstrates the importance of mobilizing a broad base of stakeholders (households, community leaders, the Women's Union, independent waste collectors, local recyclers/buyers, solid waste managers, city environmental staff, and political officials from the Peoples Committee) who are committed to identifying workable solutions such as “Clean House, Clean Street, Clean City.” (9)

• Social behavioral change communication techniques directed at youth should be adapted to age and gender diversity and consider local religious, cultural, and economic contexts. (5)

• Competitions, such as poster designs, clothing, and photography, are useful for generating interest among youth on the ocean plastic waste issue. (5)


• There is a growing understanding that IWCs are among the poorest of the poor and women IWCs are more vulnerable than men. With continued advocacy there are promising signs that women IWCs will become more empowered and valued over time. (12)

11 Environmental hotspots

• Coordinating efforts around the local government’s provision of transport services, independent waste collectors’ contact with households, and community recyclers’ purchase of recyclables results in waste collection services reaching into “last mile” locations within urban areas.

• Community beach cleanups have proven to be popular events that resonate with the general public and are useful for increasing awareness of ocean plastic pollution.

• Community engagement efforts need to be persistent and unrelenting to drive home messages about cleanliness, waste separation, and reduction of plastic waste.

• Government cleanup campaigns of accumulated garbage piles in a community should be accompanied with appropriate outreach, messaging, and follow-up to ensure that the location will not become littered again with garbage. (6)


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• Beach cleanups and/or settlement cleaning activities to raise local awareness have been effective ways to identify community leaders and secure commitments from government officials. (5)

12 Independent waste Collector (IWC) sector & Waste

Banks

• Waste banks operated and managed by community members have been successful in Indonesia and promoted by the national government as a promising approach for increasing waste separation at source and recycling and reducing the amount of waste going to landfills.

• Financial and technical support from local government and private sector are important factors in achieving sustainable waste banks.

• IWCs play an important role in city waste collection and reach areas where large collection vehicles cannot go. For this reason and because they are able to talk directly to households, they are an important way to influence behavior change of waste generators in hard-to-reach areas.

• Organizing IWCs into groups (cooperatives, unions, syndicates, etc.) enables them to advocate on behalf of their members for better social and environmental protections, training programs, fringe benefits, and higher incomes from negotiated collection fees.

• Minor public investments into collection tools and equipment for independent waste collectors are a cost-effective means for creating sustainable, market driven SWM systems in communities. (4)



• COVID-19 pandemic poses additional health risks to IWCs and recycling workers as they demonstrate a lack of awareness of the risks of contracting viruses from handling discarded infectious wastes. (16)


• IWC groups are capable of assisting their members with setting up savings-and-loan schemes and accessing social insurance and public sector services.


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• IWCs reduce LG operational costs and social costs. Thus, LGs should consider supporting IWCs with direct payments, provision of goods, or mandating that households and businesses pay a SWM collection fee. (3)

• There is a growing understanding that IWCs are among the poorest of the poor and women IWCs are more vulnerable than men. With continued advocacy there are promising signs that women IWCs will become more empowered and valued over time. (10)

13 Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and Private sector engagement (PSE)

• PSE with Program grantees has often been managed by the corporate social responsibility (CSR) departments of national and international corporations, with decisions evidencing strong correlation with their existing country business locations, activities, and strategy.

• Multinational corporations are funding large-scale global initiatives to address ocean plastic pollution as a means to protect the reputation of their corporate brands and create a public perception that they are part of the solution for pressing environment problems. This may offer opportunities for PSE.

• Foreign companies export products in plastic packaging to MWRP countries but do not offer a mechanism for collecting, handling and disposing of these packaging materials.

• Companies sell and transport products to remote islands in plastic packaging but do not assist with collecting, handling and disposing of these materials.

• Environmental NGOs must carefully analyze their choices on engaging with private companies and avoid those that are looking for “greenwashing” actions to distract attention from their business-produced plastic waste.

• Changing corporate policies on single-use plastics at larger supermarket chains involves creating pressure at the local (community) and corporate levels to make the case that supermarkets will suffer financially if they do not respond to the growing public concern for the environment.

• Replacing single-use plastics in hotels (such as water bottles in rooms) could bring financial benefits rather than higher costs, a conclusion presented by Novotel in Phu Quoc, Vietnam.


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• The process of transforming multilayer plastic packaging waste into new products is technically feasible but often requires a subsidy for washing the materials and complicated processing.

• In tourist locations, blending messaging on proper waste management and reducing single-use plastics has helped raise awareness and has been well received by travelers, tourism business owners, and the local population. (5)

• EPR and Extended Stakeholder Responsibility have become important topics for national government environmental action on the legislative and regulatory fronts, which will have substantial impact on the business sector and communities. (1)

• The experience of developing an EPR roadmap has demonstrated the utility of having a neutral institution play a brokering role between constituencies with differing points of view (i.e., the national government agencies, NGOs and civil society, and the private sector). (1)


• The dialogue with tourism businesses (hotels, restaurants, supermarkets, etc.) around the subject of reducing their consumption of single-use plastics provided to be effective in stimulating changed business practices.

• Resistance to change may arise among specific economic groups when they consider ocean plastic pollution to be a lesser priority than more remunerative issues. (6)


• Corporations are learning that an important way to engage with youth is through IEC campaigns addressing global environmental issues such as reducing ocean plastic pollution. (10)

• Pandemics (such as COVID-19) can reduce the mobility of waste collectors, thereby limiting their operations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, waste recycling businesses reported less volume of waste collected and reduced (monthly) income. (14, 16)

• Grantees indicated that waste audits and surveys facilitate invitations to hotel managers to discuss strategies for replacing disposable single-use plastic products with sustainable natural products.

• In the MWRP countries, CSR projects are popular among large companies as ways to demonstrate their


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commitment to addressing ocean plastic pollution, although the projects’ impact tends to be small and short-lived and serve more for publicity value.

• Supporting the prototyping of new business models such as zero-waste stores is a vehicle for large companies to test alternative, sustainable products and delivery models.

14 Plastic waste value chain

• Waste bank database management is essential for monitoring the progress of waste recycling groups/waste banks and waste bank transparency.

• Community waste recycling groups with varied economic components (e.g., credit, daily bartering, and cooperation with recycling firms) attract more household participation. (9)

• Identifying intermediary waste buyers/collectors is helpful for waste banks to obtain competitive prices for their collected recyclables.

• The residents in low-income communities are generally knowledgeable about the value of plastic waste and its potential for resale.

• Paper and cardboard waste is becoming less attractive to recycling firms due to low market prices.

• Follow the money: The plastic waste value chain is key for determining the level of participation by small recycling firms, independent waste collectors, women, and youth.

• Supplementing low-profit waste management with higher profit upcycling for a conscious Fair-Trade oriented consumer segment can enable not only increased plastic waste collection but also change the price dynamics of the resource plastic.

• Low-value plastics (single-use items, sachets, multi-layered packaging, etc.) will not be collected unless subsidized, for example through a PPP initiative.

• Capacity building, outreach, cooperation, and information exchange among community-based waste banks are necessary to meet the challenge of generating sufficient revenues to cover operating costs. (9)

• Strengthening the plastic value chain linkages between private sector stakeholders (i.e., independent waste collectors, local recyclers/buyers, national-level buyers) and the local government results in a reduction of waste going into public landfills. (2)

• The COVID-19 pandemic reduced the mobility of waste collectors, limited their operations, and waste recycling


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businesses reported smaller volumes of waste collected and reduced income. (13,16)

• Pandemics (such as COVID-19) can reduce the shipments of recyclables, due to restrictions on travel, which affect boats and trucks hauling recyclables. This leads to the recycling sector to suffer (16).

• Tailor-made mobile phone applications for efficient routing of vehicles and recyclable waste prices are useful tools to improve SWM operations and the value chain for recyclables. (15)

• The private sector has shown a willingness to subsidize the price paid per kilogram of plastic waste to encourage IWCs to extract PET and low-value plastic recyclables from the environment or dumpsites.

• A regional approach (e.g., LGs, Chamber of Commerce, etc.), which offers economy of scale benefits, is useful to optimize the organization of plastic waste collection, transport, and treatment.

15 Technological innovation


• Waste traps are effective for capturing and removing solid waste from waterways. However, they must be strategically located and regularly maintained to avoid flooding. The municipal government must be willing to take responsibility for cleaning the traps in a timely manner.

• Sorting bins for various types of waste are effective in a school environment. Schools use the revenue from selling recyclables to improve the students’ daily lives.

• Digital money mobile phone applications are simple, useful tools for managing community waste banks.

• The need exists for improved, standardized data collection on the amount of waste being produced and recycled to facilitate performance evaluations, policymaking, and the design of support mechanisms to local governments and the informal waste sector.

• Tourism industry businesses should introduce alternatives to single-use plastics in response to public pressure from their clientele and competitors.

• Land-based plastic waste will disintegrate into microplastics and remain in the environment for an estimated 400 - 1000 years.


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Innovative measures for mitigation and cleanup are urgently needed.

• Bulk shopping of FMCGs in small/large shops with reusable containers is an effective approach for reducing the number of plastic sachets used each year.

• Water refill stations should be started to promote refilling in tourist areas and a consequent reduction in the use of disposable PET bottles.

• Upcycling PET bottles into textile fabric was demonstrated through a process of cleaning, shredding, and melting the bottles into a material that can be spun into thread.

• Tailor-made mobile phone applications for efficient routing of vehicles and recyclable waste prices are useful tools to improve SWM operations and the value chain for recyclables. (14)

16 COVID-19 Pandemic

• New strategies, such as requesting a fee for SWM services from community residents and private sector businesses or exchanging recyclable waste for food staples, proved to be productive methods of continuing SWM services during the COVID-19 pandemic.

• The increase in PPE (protective masks and gloves), as well as plastic packaging and bags during COVID-19 has substantially increased usage of single-use plastics.


• Online tools (Zoom, Instagram, YouTube, WhatsApp, etc.) have proven effective in communicating with local stakeholders. (5,8, 15)

• Pandemics (such as COVID-19) pose additional health risks to independent waste collectors and recycling workers as they demonstrate a lack of awareness of the risks of contracting viruses from handling discarded infectious wastes.

• Pandemics (such as COVID-19) can reduce the mobility of waste collectors, thereby limiting their operations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, waste recycling businesses reported less volume of waste collected and reduced (monthly) income. (13, 14)

• Pandemics (such as COVID-19) can reduce the shipments of recyclables, due to restrictions on travel, which affect boats and trucks hauling recyclables. This leads to the recycling sector to suffer (14).


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• The lack of coordination between government offices during the pandemic proves frustrating to community residents who have questions about solid waste management. (2)



• During a public health crisis (such as COVID-19), it has proven difficult to disseminate accurate information because internet content can be contradictory to your message. (5)

17 Other

• Cross-pollination workshops are beneficial to Program grantees when they are well-prepared and open to sharing their experience, challenges, and lessons learned.

• Tourists are aware that they play a role in generating plastic pollution but often lack an understanding of what they need to do. Grantees’ educational efforts have guided tourists on how to handle their own waste and to recycle and reduce the use of plastic wherever possible.

COMPONENT 3: Support for International Cooperation on Waste Management

9. Number of strategic partnerships facilitated between USAID and other stakeholders in the field of solid waste management Cumulative Total: 1 (as of September 30, 2020)

Program Year 1: 0

Program Year 2: 0

Program Year 3: 1 Quarter 1: 0 Quarter 2: 1 • MWRP reached an agreement with the Ocean Conservancy (OC) to work together on

issues related to ocean plastic debris. Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0



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Quarter 2: 0 Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0

10. Number of meetings to facilitate potential partnerships between USAID and other stakeholders in the field of solid waste management Cumulative Total: 9 (as of September 30, 2020) Program Year 1: 1 • Ocean Conservancy – Date: July 19, 2017; Location: Washington D.C.; Participants: COR

Darren Manning and COP, Henri Disselkoen, with Ocean Conservancy’s Susan Ruffo and Eric des Robert; Topic: Cooperation between USAID/MWRP and Ocean Conservancy’s Trash Free Seas Program, and future collaboration with the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Virtual Working Group on Marine Debris.

Program Year 2: 3 • Ocean Conservancy – Date: June 12, 2018; Location: Washington D.C.; Participants:

COR Clare Romanik, ACOR Silvia Petrova, and COP Henri Disselkoen with Ocean Conservancy’s Keondra Bills Freemyn; Topic: APEC conference with USAID/MWRP participation.

• Ocean Conservancy – Date: June 29, 2018; Location: Hanoi, Vietnam; Participants: COP Henri Disselkoen with Ocean Conservancy’s Susan Ruffo; Topic: APEC conference with USAID/MWRP participation.

• Ocean Conservancy – Date: September 2018 (several sessions); Location Washington D.C.; Participants: COR Clare Romanik, COP Henri Disselkoen; Topic: OOC.

Program Year 3: 2 Quarter 1: 1 • GreenHub joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and

Industry to attend the Trade Forum between Korea and the Mekong region countries on December 13-14, 2018 in Seoul, Korea, with the theme of promoting prosperity through environmentally friendly initiatives.

Quarter 2: 1 • Dr. Jenna Jambeck, Ph.D.: Series of meetings/communications between October 2018 and

March 2019 to discuss prospective collaboration on ocean plastic pollution issues focusing on the Philippines.

Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0

Program Year 4: 3 (as of September 30, 2020) Quarter 1: 3 • Alliance to End Plastic Waste (AEPW) - Mr. Toby Manners, Regional Director; Location:

Jakarta, Indonesia at the MWRP Country Workshop in December 2019; met to discuss opportunities for collaboration with MWRP grantees.


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• Second Muse Incubation Network; Mr. Matteo Chiampo, Technical Director; Location: Jakarta, Indonesia at the MWRP Country Workshop in December 2019; met to discuss opportunities for MWRP grantees and private sector firms to apply for innovation grants.

• CCBO; Mr. Jon Angin, COP; Ms. Gina Green, Location: Jakarta Indonesia, Colombo, Sri Lanka and Phu Quoc, Vietnam at the MWRP Country Workshops in November and December 2019; facilitated access to private sector firms and city governments to discuss future program opportunities for reducing ocean plastic pollution.

Quarter 2: 0 Quarter 3: 0 Quarter 4: 0


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ANNEX 2: DRAFT SUCCESS STORY Two years ago, Yamuna Hemanthi – a housewife with interests in giving back to her community – attended a “training of trainers” event hosted by the Municipal Waste Recycling Program grantee Sri Lanka Centre for Development Facilitation-Galle (SLCDF). The goal of the event was to equip local leaders with the necessary skills and knowledge to promote the 3Rs – reduce, reuse, recycle – in southern Sri Lanka. From the beginning, Yamuna demonstrated an enthusiasm for the training content and quickly found creative ways to adapt the knowledge she gained to train her community.

Since then, Yamuna has used that enthusiasm to not only train her family and neighbors, but to also reach several villages along the banks of the Gin Ganga River; to date, she has successfully conducted 63 awareness programs on the 3Rs for 1,150 families. In the communities that she has trained, residents and the Ministry of Health alike have noted improvements in cleanliness and waste management.

Due to her successful engagement with these communities, the Ministry of Health asked Yamuna to help them raise awareness of the 3Rs at other events, connecting her

with changemakers in Sri Lanka such as public health inspectors and staff from the Marine Environment Protection Authority.

Recognizing her skills, SLCDF engaged Yamuna in another round of upcycling training where she again applied her creative thinking and conceptualized innovative ways to transform plastic bags into products. She trained 42 women in how to make these upcycled items – including handbags, mats, wall decorations, slippers, baskets, and pencil cases – for household use or to generate income.

Although the SLCDF project has ended, Yamuna remains a champion for the 3Rs: she now employs three women part-time, each earning the average for rural part-time workers of about $60 per month, to make upcycled products in bulk that are sold to villagers and to small boutiques. She also continues to raise awareness of effective waste management among her neighbors.

Yamuna conducting an awareness program for members of a Civil Society Organization


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ANNEX 3: MWRP MEF RESULTS TABLE

Documents

Municipal Waste Recycling Program Year Four Annual Report