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Multiplication Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Xi2Nc1UicQ
A. Bacteria are ______________; living, single-celled organisms!
They are carried from place to place in _____, _________, or on the _____________ of objects.
Some can move by flicking whip-like _____________.
prokaryotes
Typical Animal Cell Typical Bacterium
Eukaryote Prokaryote
air water
surfaces
flagella
1. The genetic material of prokaryotes is not contained in a______________.
2. Prokaryotes have no cell organelles other than _________________.
nucleus
ribosomes
Eukaryote Prokaryote
3. All living things must have food (energy source) to survive.
a. __________ - make their own food one of _____ ways:
•Using the sun’s energy (photosynthesis)
•Using chemical energy
(chemosynthesis)
Autotrophs two
b. _______________ - consume other organisms. Ex) ______________Heterotrophs Decomposers
cellular respirationOxygen
*** Remember, all living cells do _____________________, which requires ___________.
C. Reproduction - Bacteria can reproduce two ways:
1. Asexual reproduction is accomplished through __________ __________.
a. One parent divides to produce two _____________ bacteria.
This ________ genetic diversity.
binary
identical
fission
limits
2. Sexual reproduction is accomplished through _________________.
a. Two parents produce new organisms that _____________ their
genes from each parent.
This ___________ genetic diversity.
conjugation
inherit
increases
D. Bacteria and Us – Reasons to be glad bacteria are out there!
1. Oxygen production
a. A great deal of Earth’s ___________ is produced by
bacteria, and other photosynthesizing autotrophs.
oxygen
2. Natural recyclers
a. _________________ are
heterotrophic bacteria that
break down large chemicals
in dead organisms into small
chemicals.
b. These chemicals are
returned to the
__________ for other
organisms to use.
Decomposers
soil
3. Food Production – pasteurization of dairy products.
a. _____________________ b. ___________________
c. ____________________ d. ____________________
butter cheese
yogurt kefir
4. Your body
a. Good bacteria on your body _____________ _____ ___________
with bad bacteria.
compete for space
b. Good bacteria in your _________________ help digest food.
intestines
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=df103fa0-40ec-4d80-b94a-9c039db80c28
c. Recall that bacteria are frequently used in __________________.
Ex) production of human insulin
genetic engineering
Skin as a Barrier
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=5f74f4b1-347a-49e3-a516-b4f24e6e7e51
Fun Fact!!!The ____________ toxin produced by bacteria in poorly-preserved
canned or jarred food, is used in small doses in __________ injections as a way to temporarily paralyze muscles.
botulismbotox
5. Bacteria and Disease
a. Bacteria that cause disease make up less than ____________
of known bacteria species.
one percent
Dino Disease?
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=abbebdc3-7395-4abc-9be6-43f3e6fca5b9
b. Because they are _________, bacteria can be ____________,
using _______________.
c. Antibiotics are ________ that are typically produced by _________,
which have been competing with bacteria on Earth for ______________
of years in the world’s oldest “Arms Race”
Ex) Penicillin
alive killed
antibiotics
toxins fungi
billions
d. There are drawbacks to using antibiotics:- antibiotics can also kill the ______ bacteria in our bodies- antibiotics can cause unwanted ____________.- over-use of antibiotics can lead to the _____________ of
antibiotic-____________ bacteria which can withstand our strongest medicines.
good
side effectsevolution
resistant
Incorrect antibiotic use kills all but the “strongest bacteria”
Ex) MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus-aureus)
Antibiotic Resistance
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=e852a83c-8149-4d4e-8181-439511cbc0cd
Quiz (who was listening? )• Are bacteria alive?• Do bacteria cells have a nucleus?• What is it called when bacteria reproduce asexually?
• Are all bacteria harmful?• Name one way that bacterial can be helpful:
• Name one antibiotic:• Complete this sentence:
– “When antibiotics are used incorrectly, they kill off the weakest bacteria in a sick person, leaving the ____________ ones to survive and reproduce”
– http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/SafetyHealth/AntimicrobialResistance/ucm134359.htm