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2Multimedia for the Web Chapter 6
Examine the Sources of Digital Images
Identify Image Types
Understand Image Quality
Explore Graphics Software
Discuss Web Graphic File Formats
Chapter Concepts
3Multimedia for the Web Chapter 6
A single table, chart, graphic or photograph can illustrate what might take many pages of narrative text to communicate
A compelling image on a Web page is as important to the overall appeal of a Web site as the right image is in print
Introduction
4Multimedia for the Web Chapter 6
Scanned Images
Still Images (digital camera)
Video Images
Photo CD
Examine the Sourcesof Digital Images
5Multimedia for the Web Chapter 6
Stock Photography
Clip Art
Original Artwork
Copyright Laws
Examine the Sourcesof Digital Images
6Multimedia for the Web Chapter 6
Scanners digitize already developed images, including photographs and drawings
Slide scanners are also available for converting a slide or a negative to a digital image
Scanned Images
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Digital cameras capture images in a digital format
Digital video cameras can also be used to capture frames of video or still images
Still Images and Video Images
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Enables photos taken with a film camera to be viewed in a digital format
Stock Photography: Photographs available on CD or on Web sites, like www.iStockphoto.com
Photo CD
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Clip Art is a collection of drawings or illustrations, generally organized by category
Public Domain refers to clip art images available free of charge
Clip Art
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Artwork that is created using an original drawing created by hand or one of many graphics programs
Advantages include not having to worry about licensing agreements or copyright laws
Original Artwork
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Designed to protect intellectual property rights and provide potential monetary rewards for inventiveness and hard work
The 1976 Federal Copyright Act
Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998
Copyright Laws
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Identify Image Types
Line art: Term used to describe drawings that contain flat colors without tonal variations
Continuous-tone Images: Graphics that have tonal variations, such as color photographs
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Grayscale images: Continuous-tone image consisting of black, white, and gray data only
Images can also be classified as two-dimensional (2-D) or, by adding depth to them, they become three-dimensional (3-D)
Identify Image Types
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Hypergraphics: Clickable graphics
Image maps: Graphics that contain more than one link
Identify Image Types
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Color Resolution Image ResolutionImage Compression
Understanding Image Quality
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A monitor displays an array of pixels referred to as a bitmap
Color resolution measures the number of bits of stored information per pixel
Color resolution ranges from 1-bit color (2 colors) to 32-bit color(16.7+ million colors)
Color Resolution
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Refers to the amount of information stored for each image
Measured in pixels per inch (PPI)
Web graphics can be set to 72 PPI because most computer monitors cannot display more than 72 PPI
Image Resolution
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Compression: Algorithm used to create smaller file sizes
Lossless compression: None of data actually lost during compression
Lossy compression: Some data is lost during compression
Image Compression
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Paint Programs
Drawing Programs
3-D Modeling Programs
Image Editing Programs
Enhancement Programs
Explore Graphics Software
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Paint programs create bitmapped images
Paint programs allow you to edit images at the pixel level
Enlarging an image too much may result in staircasing, or jaggies
Paint Programs
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Most paint programs create geometric shapes, edit mistakes, add colors and textures, select a desired portion of your image
Additional features vary by program
Paint Programs
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Vector graphics: Created and re-created from mathematical models
Common drawing programs used today are Adobe Illustrator and Macromedia FreeHand
Adobe Illustrator contains different tools used to create a variety of fully editable shapes
Drawing Programs
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3-D Modeling Programs3-D modeling programs (also called rendering programs) used to create and manipulate 3-D images
Geometric forms or wireframe models serve as basic building blocks
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3-D Modeling ProgramsTextures are applied or mapped to models to give them shadows and provide special effects
Objects and lighting can be placed and manipulated to create realistic 3-D scenes
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Image Editing ProgramsManipulate digitized images using a variety of features that combine painting, editing, and other image composition tools
Allow images to be cropped, color corrected, the brightness and contrast adjusted
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Have layers which allow multiple images to be placed into the same document
Ability to convert files from one format to another
Image Editing Programs
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Specifically for working with Web graphics and Web animation
Optimizing: Process of making the image file sizes as small as possible for quick download via the Web
Macromedia Fireworks and Adobe ImageReady are examples
Enhancement Programs
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GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
PNG (Portable Network Graphics)
Discuss Web Graphics File Formats
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Supports up to 256 colors
GIFs that include interlacing appear blurry and sharpen as they are downloaded
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)
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Supports millions of colors (24-bit)
Uses a sophisticated mathematical model to produce a sliding scale of graphic compression that enables you to choose the degree of compression you wish to apply to the image
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
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One of the most flexible formats on the Web
PNG file format supports variable transparency that allows you to store up to 256 different levels of partial transparency
PNG (Portable NetworkGraphics)
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SummaryExamine Sources of Digital Images
Scanned Images
Still Images
Photo CD
Clip Art
Original Artwork
36Multimedia for the Web Chapter 6
SummaryCopyright Laws
Identify Image Types
Understanding Image Quality
Color Resolution
Image Resolution
Image Compression
37Multimedia for the Web Chapter 6
SummaryExplore Graphics Software
Paint Programs
Drawing Programs
3-D Modeling Programs
Image Editing Programs
Enhancement Programs