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TABLE I: Multilateral Agreements on Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances

Date and Place Signed Title of Agreement Date of Entry into Force

26 February 1909 Shanghai, China

Final Resolutions of the International Opium Commission 1 

Not Applicable

23 January 1912 The Hague, Netherlands

International Opium Convention 11 February 1915 / 28 June 1919 2 

11 February 1925Geneva, Switzerland

Agreement concerning the Manufacture of, Internal Trade in, and Use of Prepared Opium 28 July 1926

19 February 1925

Geneva, SwitzerlandInternational Opium Convention 25 September 1928

13 July 1931

Geneva, Switzerland

Convention for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulating the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs 3 9 July 1933

27 November 1931

Bangkok, Thailand

Agreement for the Control of Opium Smoking in the Far East 22 April 1937

26 June 1936

Geneva, Switzerland

Convention for the Suppression of the Illicit Traffic in Dangerous Drugs 26 October 1939

11 December 1946

Lake Success, New York,

USAProtocol amending the Agreements, Conventions

and Protocols on Narcotic Drugs concluded at

The Hague on 23 January 1912, at Geneva on11 February 1925 and 19 February 1925 and

13 July 1931, at Bangkok on 27 November 1931,

and at Geneva on 26 June 193611 December 1946

19 November 1948

Paris, France

Protocol Bringing under International Control

Drugs outside the Scope of the Convention of 

13 July 1931 for Limiting the Manufacture and

Regulating the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs, as

amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success,

New York, on 11 December 19461 December 1949

23 June 1953

New York, USA

Protocol for Limiting and Regulating the

Cultivation of the Poppy Plant, the Production of,

International and Wholesale Trade in, and Use of,Opium

8 March 1963

30 March 1961

New York, USA

Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 13 December 1964

21 February 1971

Vienna, Austria

Convention on Psychotropic Substances 16 August 1976

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25 March 1972

Geneva, Switzerland

Protocol amending the Single Convention onNarcotic Drugs, 1961

8 August 1975

20 December 1988

Vienna, Austria

United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in

Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances11 November 1990

1 This is the only document in the Table that is not an enforceable multilateral treaty. It is included

because it marks the beginning of substantial international cooperation on the control of drugs.

2 China, the Netherlands, and the U.S. put the Convention into force among themselves in 1915 (theywere joined later that year by Honduras and Norway). Only when the Convention was made part of 

the Versailles Treaty in 1919 did it come into force globally.

3 As amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, on 11 December 1946.

(Sources: Canadian Treaty Series; Kettil Bruun, Lynn Pan and Ingemar Rexed, The Gentlemen’s 

Club: International Control of Drugs and Alcohol, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1975;

United States, International Narcotics Control: A Source Book of Conventions, Protocols, and 

 Multilateral Agreements, 1909-1971, Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Narcotics & Dangerous Drugs,

1972.)