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Zahra Shaterzadeh Yazdi Institute for Quantum Information Science, University of Calgary with Peter S. Turner and Dr. Barry C. Sanders IICQI 2007 Conference, Kish University, Kish Island, Iran Sunday, 9 th September 2007. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Multi-Partite Squeezing and SU (1,1) Symmetry
Zahra Shaterzadeh Yazdi
Institute for Quantum Information Science, University of Calgary
with Peter S. Turner and Dr. Barry C. Sanders IICQI 2007 Conference,
Kish University, Kish Island, Iran Sunday, 9th September 2007
Outline:
Significance of squeezing for QIP
An efficient Method to characterize two-mode squeezing
Multi-mode squeezing and SU(1,1) symmetry
Open question
Conclusion
Outline:
Significance of squeezing for QIP
An efficient Method to characterize multi-mode squeezing
Multi-mode squeezing and SU(1,1) symmetry
Open questions
Conclusion
Introduction: Squeezed light is the key source of entanglement for optical
quantum information processing tasks.
Such light can only be produced in a single mode and two modes by means of squeezers.
More general QIP tasks require the squeezed light to be distributed amongst multiple modes by passive optical elements such as beam splitters and phase shifters and squeezers.
http://www.pi4.uni-stuttgart.de/NeueSeite/index.html?research/homepage_ultrafast/ultrafast_propagation.htmlhttp://www.uni-potsdam.de/u/ostermeyer/web/contents/quantcrypto/nav_qc.html
Application:Quantum teleportation2
SSbcbc
MMPPMMXX
BBabab
c
b
a
SSbcbc
MM
MM
BBabab
BBcdcd
a
d
c
b
SSbcbc
BBabab
BBcdcd
b
a
d
c
BBabab
SSbcbc
SSacac
c
b
a
Quantum state/secret sharing1
Entanglement swapping3 Testing Bell inequality4
Finding the output state:
Employ covariance matrix5 if only Gaussian states used.
Wigner function2 has 2n degrees of freedom for n modes:
Apply transformation directly to canonical variables but
requires O(n2) parameters.
W q,p dnq
2 nq q '/ 2 q q '/ 2 eiq 'p
Goals:
Employ Lie group theory to describe the mathematical transformation for active multi-mode interferometers with few squeezers.
This approach provides an elegant and efficient characterization of a large class of output states generated by such networks for any input states.
This simplification arises by identifying appropriate symmetries through making use of the available group representations.
Outline:
Significance of squeezed states for QIP
An efficient Method to characterize two-mode squeezing
Multi-mode squeezing and SU(1,1) symmetry
Open questions
Conclusion
Mathematical Foundation for Lie Group Theory:
Cartan and Casimir operators
Irreducible representations
Coherent states: Perelomov'sdefinition
Lie group
Lie algebra
SU(2) Symmetry and SU(1,1) Symmetry
Beam Splitter and Two-Mode Squeezer
SSababb
aaa
BBaabb
b
Outline:
Significance of squeezing for QIP
An efficient Method to characterize multi-mode squeezing
Multi-mode squeezing and SU(1,1) symmetry
Open questions
Conclusion
Motivation:Quantum teleportation2
SSbcbc
MMPPMMXX
BBabab
c
b
a
SSbcbc
MM
MM
BBabab
BBcdcd
a
d
c
b
SSbcbc
BBabab
BBcdcd
b
a
d
c
BBabab
SSbcbc
SSacac
c
b
a
Quantum state/secret sharing1
Entanglement swapping3 Testing Bell inequality4
Multipartite Squeezing and SU(1,1) Symmetry:
ar
a4
a3
a2
a1
b1
bs
b2
b3
b4
ar
a4
a3
a2
a1
b1
bs
b2
b3
b4
SABSab
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
Multipartite Squeezing… Cont’d...
Three mode: k, 1
2k 1-1 a k 1
a
a=0
k+ 1
a,k a 1, k
,
What is nice about our approach?!!!
It enables us to use a variety of mathematical properties that have already been established for this group, greatly facilitating calculations.
Examples:
The SU(1,1) Clebsch-Gordan coefficients are useful if we want to concatenate some of these typical networks ‘in parallel’.
The output states of such networks can be described by the coherent states of SU(1,1).
The significance of our result is that, in contrast to existing methods, it allows for arbitrary input states. This method
can therefore be used for a large class of output states.
S
S
Outline:
Significance of squeezing for QIP
An efficient Method to characterize two-mode squeezing
Multi-mode squeezing and SU(1,1) symmetry
Open question
Conclusion
Complicated Scenarios: Concatenation
SAB
SCD
SEF
SGH
SS
SS
SS
SS
BB
BB
BB
BB
BBBB
BB
Complicated Scenarios: Bloch-Messiah Theorem
SCD
SAB
SEF
SCD
SGH
U V †
SAB
SCD
SEF
SGH
SS
SS
SS
SS
BBBB
BBBB
BBBB
BBBB
BBBBBBBB
BBBB
Outline:
Significance of squeezing for QIP
An efficient Method to characterize multi-mode squeezing
Multi-mode squeezing and SU(1,1) symmetry
Open questions
Conclusion
Conclusions:
Characterized typical multi-mode optical networks as SU(1,1) transformations: Multi-mode squeezed states generated in such networks are the SU(1,1) coherent states.
Simplifies calculations from O(n2) to constant number of parameters.
Identified the symmetries based on the group representations.
This approach is independent of input states (such as assuming covariance matrix or Wigner functions), because SU(1,1) weight states are equivalent to pseudo Fock states.
References:
1. T. Tyc and B. C. Sanders, PRA 65, 042310 (2002)
2. S. L. Braunstein and H. J. Kimble, PRL 80, 869 (1998).
3. O. Glock et al., PRA 68, 1 (2001)
4. S. D. Bartlett et al., PRA 63, 042310 (2001)
5. J. Eisert and M. B. Plenio, PRL 89, 097901 (2002)
6. S. L. Braunstein, PRA 71, 055801 (2005)