Mud Volcanoes, Geodynamicsand Seismicity

edited by

Giovanni MartinelliARPA, Environmental Protection Agency of Emilia-Romagna Region,Reggio Emilia, Italy

and

Behrouz PanahiGeology Institute,Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences,Baku, Azerbaijan

4y Springer

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CONTENTS

Contributing Authors ix

Preface xvii

Chapter 1: Mud volcanic geologyNew seismic neogene clay diapirs and hydrocarbonimplications in the North-eastern African margin of Tunisia 1M. BEDIR

Seismic signature of gas hydrate and mud volcanoes of the SouthAfrican continental margin 17

Z. BEN-AVRAHAM, M. RESHEF, G. SMITH

Global distribution of mud volcanoes and their significancein petroleum exploration as a source of Methane in the atmosphereand hydrosphere and as a geohazard 29

A. V MILKOV

Styles and productivity of mud diapirism along the MiddleAmerican marginPart I: margin evolution, segmentation, dewatering and mud diapirism 35

T. MOERZ , A. KOPF, W. BRUECKMANN, N. FEKETE,

V HUEHNERBACH, D.G. MASSON, D.A. HEPP,E. SUESS, W. WEINREBE

Styles and productivity of mud diapirism alongthe Middle American marginPart II: Mound Culebra and Mounds 11 and 12 49

T. MOERZ , N. FEKETE, A. KOPF, W. BRUECKMANN,

S. KREITER, V HUEHNERBACH, D.G. MASSON,D.A. HEPP, M. SCHMIDT, S. KUTTEROLF, H. SAHLING,

F. ABEGG, V SPIESS, E. SUESS, C.R. RANERO

Chapter 2: Geodynamic implications of mud volcanismMud volcanoes and seismicity in Romania 77C. BACIU AND G.ETIOPE

VI

Mud volcanism, geodynamics and seismicity of Azerbaijanand the Caspian Sea region 89

B. M. PANAHI

Chapter 3: Seismic hazard and mud volcanismMud volcanic manifestations in the maximum shaking areasof strong earthquakes 105

E. A. ROGOZHIN

The areas of mud volcanism in the South Caspian and Black Sea:seismicity and new technology for seismic risk estimation 111

L. E. LEVIN , L. N. SOLODILOV, B.M. PANAHI,

N. Y KONDORSKAYA

Recent seismic activity in Albania and its features 123S. Kociu

Assessment of seismic hazard in areas of mud volcano locationon the basis of geophysical data 135

T. A. ISMAILZADEH AND M.I . ISAYEVA

Chapter 4: Greenhouse effects of mud volcanismMethane emission from mud volcanoes: towards a global estimate 141

G. ETIOPE

Gas emissions from mud volcanoes: significanceto global climate change 147

A. JUDD

Chapter 5: Monitoring techniques of mud volcanismMud volcanoes of Pakistan - an overview: a report on three centuriesof historic and recent investigations in Pakistan 159

G. DELISLE

Monitoring of deformation processes by means of electricfield observation 171

I. A. GARAGASH, M. B. GOKHBERG, N.I. KOLOSNITSYN

Mud volcano: methods, apparatus-fundamental and appliedaspects of research 181

O. B. KHAVROSHKIN , VV TSYPLAKOV, E.M.-K. URDUKHANOV,

N.A. VlDMONT

Vll

Mud volcano monitoring and seismic events 187G. MARTINELLI AND A. DADOMO

INSAR analysis of the Absheron Peninsula and nearbyareas, Azerbajian 201

R.J. MELLORS , T. BUNYAPANASARN, B.M. PANAHI

Chapter 6: Geochemical features of mud volcanoesGeochemical model of mud volcanoes from reviewed worldwide data 211

G. MARTINELLI AND A. DADOMO

Biosensor control of acute total toxicity of water and soilpolluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 221

N. F. STARODUB

Fluid Geochemistry of mud volcanoes in Taiwan 227G.H. ^ H , T.F. YANG, J. C. CHEN, Y.G. CHEN, S.R. SONG

Chapter 7: Physical models of mud volcanoesMud volcanoes as natural strainmeters: a working hypothesis 239

D. ALBARELLO

Mud volcano model resulting from geophysicaland geochemical research 251

A. A. FEYZULLAYEV, FA. KADIROV, C.S. ALIYEV

Physical properties of muds extruded from mud volcanoes:implications for episodicity of eruptions and relationshipto seismicity 263

AJ. KOPF, M. B. CLENNEL, K. M. BROWN

Acknowledgments 285

Subject index 287