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Mt:6 American participation in World War II. LT4: Explain why the USA decided to drop the Atomic bombs on Japan. . After Pearl Harbor. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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LT4: Explain why the USA decided to drop the Atomic bombs on Japan.
MT:6 AMERICAN
PARTICIPATION IN WORLD WAR II
After Pearl Harbor•On December 7, 1941, two hours after the Japanese attack on American military bases at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, Japan declared war on the United States and Great Britain, marking America's entry into World War II.•On December 8, 1941 the United States Congress declared war upon the Empire of Japan •The USA has to formulate/prepare a plan for attacking Japan, and Island nation 6,000 miles from the USA
Attacking Japan• Island hopping• Japan was too far away for planes to bomb so the USA decided to capture islands near Japan to use to land planes. • Islands were surrounded by coral and sand bars• Ships would get stuck and
Marines would have to swim to island• Japanese would shoot the
soldiers (2 of 3 died)• Worst island was Tarawa
Strategy
Battle of Iwo Jima• USA needed a closer island
so that they could accurately drop bombs • It was one of the worst
battles• Huge numbers of casualties (deaths) • USA captures Iwo Jima and
begins bombing Japan • Used firebombs-bombs that
exploded then created fires• Kill thousands of Japanese civilians
• Japan showed NO SIGNS of surrendering by April 1, 1945
Decision to drop the Atomic Bomb• Japan was willing to surrender
but they wanted to keep their Emperor• The USA wanted a complete
surrender = no emperor • The USA believed that Japan had
NO plans to surrender • The USA had a secretly been
building a super weapon• Project was called the Manhattan
Project = Creating the Atomic Bomb
• President Roosevelt died prior to the end of the war making VP Truman the president• Truman was advised that using
the atomic would save thousands of USA lives …………..He decided to use it
Atomic Bombs dropped
• B-29 bomber Enola Gay dropped “Little boy” on Hiroshima, Japan• Japan refused to surrender
• Three days later the plutonium “Fat man” bomb was used to bomb Nagasaki. • On August 15, 1945, Japan
officially surrendered, bringing an end to World War II.
Bombing Hiroshima, Japan Bombing Nagasaki, Japan
• The two bombs killed approximately 150,000 people when they were dropped.
• Within a radius of 1 kilometer from ground zero, men and animals died almost instantaneously from the tremendous blast pressure and heat.
• Houses and other structures were smashed, crushed and scattered; and fires broke out.
• Radiation sickness, killed 15 to 20 percent of Japanese after WW2
Questions1. When did the USA declare war on Japan and enter
WW2?2. Describe the strategy of Island Hoping? 3. Why did the USA feel it needed to take over islands in
the pacific ocean?4. Why was the island of Iwo Jima an important victory
for the USA?5. What was the Manhattan plan?6. Which president decided to drop an atomic bomb on
Japan?7. What happened following the dropping of the 2 atomic
bombs on Japan?