MS ProposalMS Proposal

Evaluation of beef calf production system, for Evaluation of beef calf production system, for Tizimin, Yucatan MexicoTizimin, Yucatan Mexico

Kotaro BabaKotaro Baba

www.cs.unm.edu

www.tourbymexico.com

Brief information about TiziminBrief information about Tizimin

Tizimin is located close to Merida, and Tizimin is located close to Merida, and CancunCancun

No rivers in this region No rivers in this region Hot and humid climateHot and humid climate Seasonal differencesSeasonal differences

The annual variation of temperature and precipitation in Yucatan ( Source Magaña, UADY)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

temperture

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

precipitation(mm)

temperture

precipitation

Cows in TiziminCows in Tizimin

Reproduction cowsReproduction cows

Large and Small Ranches Large and Small Ranches Mostly crossbreds of Mostly crossbreds of Bos taurasBos tauras and and Bos indicusBos indicus

FeedingFeeding

GrazingGrazing-Guinea grass (-Guinea grass (Panicum maximum)Panicum maximum)

--Brizantha Brizantha (Brachiaria brizantha) (Brachiaria brizantha)

--Star grassStar grass (Cynodon plectostachyus) (Cynodon plectostachyus)

--Taiwan grassTaiwan grass (Pennisetum purpureum) (Pennisetum purpureum)

dd

Supplements for cows, especially in Supplements for cows, especially in the dry season and lactation stagethe dry season and lactation stage

-P-Poultry manureoultry manure -Molasses -Molasses -Commercial energy and protein -Commercial energy and protein

concentrates “Campi” “Engorda ganado”concentrates “Campi” “Engorda ganado”

IrrigationIrrigation

Pumps from under groundPumps from under ground

The cost of irrigation is expensive.The cost of irrigation is expensive.

The annual variation of temperature and precipitation in Yucatan ( Source Magaña, UADY)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

temperture

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

precipitation(mm)

temperture

precipitation

Forage growing cycle in Yucatan, (Source Magaña UADY)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12month

DM/k

g /h

a

nn1nn2nn3nn4

Problem StatementsProblem Statements

Nutrition, no grasses during the dry Nutrition, no grasses during the dry season. season.

Irrigation is expensive.Irrigation is expensive.

Improve beef productionImprove beef production

1.Nutrition concepts1.Nutrition concepts 2.Ranch management2.Ranch management 3.Enhancements in reproduction index3.Enhancements in reproduction index 4.Genetic selection4.Genetic selection Tedeschi, Fox, Baker(2003)Tedeschi, Fox, Baker(2003)

Nutrition, energy balance of Nutrition, energy balance of cowscows

Energy balance of cowsEnergy balance of cows Nutrition and energy balance are Nutrition and energy balance are

important to reproduction (Canfield important to reproduction (Canfield et al.,1990)et al.,1990)

Energy is the first limitation for Energy is the first limitation for productionproduction

Objectives of the thesisObjectives of the thesis

1.To evaluate the forage energy availability by 1.To evaluate the forage energy availability by month of matching of nutrient requirements of month of matching of nutrient requirements of cows and breeding heifers.cows and breeding heifers.

2.To develop supplements for beef cows calving 2.To develop supplements for beef cows calving each month of the year.each month of the year.

Groups of seasons and cattleGroups of seasons and cattle

1.Seasons 1.Seasons

-first half of the rainy season-first half of the rainy season -second half of the rainy season-second half of the rainy season -cool windy season -cool windy season -dry season-dry season

2.Groups of animals2.Groups of animals -weaning calves-weaning calves -breeding heifers-breeding heifers -first and second calf cows-first and second calf cows -older cows-older cows

3.Physiological status of cows3.Physiological status of cows -Early lactation-Early lactation -Late lactation-Late lactation -Early dry cows-Early dry cows -Late dry cows-Late dry cows

Source , Reynoso-Campos et al.,2003

Source, Reynoso-Campos et al.,2003

Source, Reynoso-Campos et al.,2003

The CVDSThe CVDS

Inputs requiredInputs required1.Estmates of ME (Metabolizable Energy) 1.Estmates of ME (Metabolizable Energy)

value of forage consumed each monthvalue of forage consumed each month

2.Description of cows that calve during each 2.Description of cows that calve during each of 12 months.of 12 months.

3.Input information3.Input information

-existing data, and assumption-existing data, and assumption

Source, Tedeschi et al.,2003

Source,Tedeschi et al.,2003

Objectives of the thesis Objectives of the thesis

2.To develop supplements for beef 2.To develop supplements for beef cows calving each month of the year.cows calving each month of the year.

Supplements for cowsSupplements for cows

-Poultry manure-Poultry manure -Molasses -Molasses -Energy concentrates such as Sorghum and Corn-Energy concentrates such as Sorghum and Corn -Commercial energy and protein concentrates -Commercial energy and protein concentrates

“Campi” “Engorda ganado”“Campi” “Engorda ganado” - Commercial hay grass- Commercial hay grass - Urea- Urea -Legumes-Legumes

The CNCPSThe CNCPS

1.Inputs required1.Inputs required

-Environmental information-Environmental information

-Description of cows-Description of cows

-Forage chemical components information-Forage chemical components information

2. Input information2. Input information

Existing data and assumptionsExisting data and assumptions

Appropriate supplementation with the Appropriate supplementation with the CNCPS for each groupCNCPS for each group

1.Seasons 1.Seasons

-first half of the rainy season-first half of the rainy season -second half of the rainy season-second half of the rainy season -cool windy season -cool windy season -dry season-dry season

2.Groups of animals2.Groups of animals -weaning calves-weaning calves -breeding heifers-breeding heifers -first and second calf cows-first and second calf cows -older cows-older cows

3.Physiological status of cows3.Physiological status of cows -Early lactation-Early lactation -Late lactation-Late lactation -Early dry cows-Early dry cows -Late dry cows-Late dry cows

OutputsOutputs

1.To evaluate the forage energy availability by month 1.To evaluate the forage energy availability by month of matching of nutrient requirements of cows and of matching of nutrient requirements of cows and breeding heifers.breeding heifers.

2.To develop supplements for beef cows calving each 2.To develop supplements for beef cows calving each month of the year.month of the year.