(Submitted for Public Consultation as per EIA Notification)

IN FAVOUR OF:

M/s DIAMOND ENTERPRISES

PARTNERSHIP CONCERN OF AKASH KATOCH, VIJAY KUMAR, AJAY KUMAR AND ARVIND KUMAR

FOR RIVER BED MINING OF MINOR MINERALS: SAND, STONE AND BAJRI

SITUATED IN KHASRA NO. 1600/617

MEASURING 8.5555 Hectares

FALLING IN MAUZA LODHWAN, TEHSIL- NURPUR, DISTRICT KANGRA, HIMACHAL PRADESH

Submitted By:

SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD.

(UPL ENVIRO INFRASTRUCTURE GROUP CO),

VILLAGE MAJARA P. O. DABHOTA, TEHSIL NALAGARH DIST. SOLAN,

HIMACHAL PRADESH.

1.0 INTRODUCTION

PURPOSE OF THE REPORT The Environmental Impact Assessment Report of Mining Lease for collection of Sand, Stone and Bajri situated in Khasra No. 1600/617 Measuring 8.555 Hectares, for maximum production of 1,00,000 TPA situated on river terrace of Chakki khad and its tributaries Bari khad in Village Bari Khad-P.O. Lodhwan, Tehsil Nurpur, District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh has been prepared in accordance with the Terms of Reference approved by Expert Appraisal Committee on Mining Projects in its 13th Meeting held on 23-25 March, 2011. The project has been considered as Category-A project because of interstate boundary with Punjab is within 10 Km distance, thus sent to EAC, MoEF, and Government of India for clearance. The report follows the Generic structure of Environment Impact Assessment Document, given in Appendix III/IIIA of EIA Notification, 2006.

IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT PROJECT

Mining Lease for Sand, Bajri and Boulders situated in Khasra No. 1600/617 Measuring 8.555 Hectares for maximum production of 1,00,000 TPA from the river terrace of Chakki khad and its tributaries Bari khad in Village Bari Khad-P.O. Lodhwan, Tehsil Nurpur, District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh. PROJECT PROPONENT

The project proponent is parternership concern of Akash Katoch, Vijay Kumar, Ajay Kumar and Arvind Kumar . The contact person for the purpose is Akash Katoch a Partner.

M/S DIAMOND ENTERPRISES VILLAGE BARI KHAD, TEHSIL - NURPUR, DISTRICT KANGRA, HIMACHAL PRADESH.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY, REGION The proposed mine is located at at Longitude: 75 44 54.9E and 75 45 05.5E /Latitude: 32 16 32.3N and 32 16 43.5N Maps attached in the main report Drawing-1: Topo Sheet showing location of Mine site. Drawing:2. Google View Drawing-3; Location Map Drawing-4; Contour and Geological Map Drawing-5 Year wise Working Map

SIZE: The project fall under category A project at S.No. 1(a) (i)

no activity of the forest department in the area as soil conservation works, nursery plantation, check dams, taming of stream nor there is any property of the Forest Department nearby which may have direct effect if mining is allowed. The project is, however, within an aerial distance 10 kms from the interstate boundary of Punjab and thus sent to EAC, MoEF, and Government of India for clearance

PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL & IMPLEMENTATION

The proponent has been granted mining lease for mining sand, stone and bajri vide letter Nos.

Udyog-Bhu(Khani-4)Laghu-643/99-10066 dated 03.10.06 wef 02.08.05 to 01.08.2010 . An

application for further renewal for five years has been submitted to the State Government.

Following approvals are in place and documents are attached in main report:

A-I: Approval Letter from Department of Industries, Government of H.P-Grant of mining Lease and subsequent application for renewal .

A-II: Joint Inspection report from SDM, Forest Department, Pollution Control Board, PWD and IPH Department.

A-III: NOC from Village Panchayat.

A-IV: Approval of Mining Plan

TECHNOLOGY & PROCESS DESCRIPTION

As per Environmental Impact Assessment Guidance Manual for -MINING OF MINERALS released by MoEF- the project is a surface mining. The project does not involve any processes as overburden removal, drilling, blasting and processing. The mining will involve collection of material by simple hand tool, sorting, manual picking, stacking and loading into trucks/tractor trolley for transporting. The pits from where the material is picked shall not be deeper than six meter as allowed in mining plan. No ballasting is done. The only waste is silt/clay which is added back to the pits.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Process Flow diagram is given below:

Surface Mining

Site Preparation (Marking Boundary Pillars/Identification Stones)

Manual Excavation loading

Haulage

Further Processing

There is no source of air pollution like Flue Gas emissions from boilers, furnace etc. The water required is only for drinking purpose and toilet needs of @ 10-12 workers for which toilet with septic tank is to be provided at Stone Crusher site. The water is further required for sprinkling on haulage road which is done twice a day in morning and evening with a tanker. The crusher is at a distance of @ 500 m from the mining area. Water shall be sprinkled as per requirements by using a tanker. Daily @ 4 tractor-trolley move to and fro from the mining site to the crusher and make about 9 turns per day only.

WASTE MATERIAL A total of 120700 metric tonne of waste shall be generated in five years that is silt and clay which do not have market value as below: Year Silt/ Sand- clay mixture Generated Clay Total Ist year 10800 7100 17900 2nd year 13200 8900 22100 3rd year 15000 9700 24700 4th year 16200 10300 26500 5th year 17800 11700 29500 Total 73000 47700 120700 The material is spread back in the pits over the river terrace.

SUMMARISED INFORMATION ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT The proposed project falls under Item 1 (a) (Mining of Minerals) as per Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated 19 January, 2009. The project will fall under Category A and will require environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF). An EIA/EMP study report has been prepared for this project for the period of March to May 2011. Identification & prediction of significant environmental impacts due to the proposed Mining activity with an Environmental Impact Statement followed by delineation of appropriate impact mitigation measures in an Environmental Management Plan are included in the EIA Report. The purpose of this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study is to provide information on the nature and extent of environmental impacts arising from the construction and operation of the proposed project. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for proposed sand and stone mining activities of area deals with detailed studies for various environmental components viz., air, water, land, noise, biological and socio-economic environment which represent the existing environmental scenario. For the environmental impact studies, an area covering 10 km distance from the boundary of mining lease areas was identified as study area (impact zone). The environmental attributes, parameters, stations, height (RL), distance and direction with respect to the core zone were studied. The report incorporates the data collection during the period of March to May 2011. Secondary data was

collected from various government departments, boards, public sector, educational and scientific institutions.

The collected meteorological data during this season represented the local weather phenomena. The predominant wind direction of the study area is from NE.

The monitored ambient air quality in the core & buffer study area was found to be in

compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS)

Ambient equivalent noise levels (Leq) during day and night times were found to be well within the CPCB Norms of Industrial & Commercial area limits.

The water quality of surface water and ground water was found to be in compliance with

BIS/CPCB Norms

The soil in the study area would very well support vegetation after amending it suitable with manure the yield will increase.

The native species of plants and animals will be protected by mitigating the affecting

factors.

The proposed lease area is located on river terrace of Chakki khad .The Chakki river flows towards the western side before it confluences with River Beas.

BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

Attribute Baseline status

Ambient Air Quality

Ambient air quality was monitored at 4 locations within a 10 km distance from the project site. The observed RSPM levels were in range of 39.4 to 119 g/m3, while SPM was in range of 60 to 202 g/m3. The range of SO2 and NOX was BDL to 8.5 g/m

3 and 10.3 to 19.3 g/m3 respectively. The CO was recorded less than 1 ppm.

Noise Levels Noise monitoring was carried out at three locations. The results of the monitoring program indicated that both the daytime and night time levels of noise were well within the prescribed limits NAAQS at all the four locations monitored.

Water Quality

2 Groundwater samples and 2 surface water samples were analyzed and concluded that the:

Ground water at the site is safe for use as potable water. Surface water is suitable for drinking purpose only after chemical

and biological treatment; however it is suitable for bathing purpose.

Soil Quality The proposed site is characterised by highly variable stratified soils. Soil of the area is slightly acidic with pH of 6.6 6.8.

Biological Environment

There are no Ecologically Sensitive Areas present in the study area, but many reserved forests regions surround the project area

Socio-economy The complete study area falls under Kangra District. The percentage of literate population is more than 78%. The sex ratio for the area is 917:1000. In the study area about 9% people is found to be dependent on the agricultural activities.

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATING MEASURES

Anticipated Impacts Due To Access Roads Plying of trucks and tractor trolleys from public road to river sand, stone and Bajri collection points

needs access roads. Majority of such access roads are following the same alignment of existing

roads/tracks being used by pedestrians/cart owners. Movement of heavy vehicles sometimes cause

problems to cattle post, agriculture land, human habitations due to dust, noise and movement of

public, and also causes traffic hazards. These environmental problems are felt more as the

background is rural in nature.

Mitigation of Impacts on Access Roads Movement of the vehicles shall increase on access road from mining area to stone crusher unit. The unmettled road will be sprinkled with water at regular interval to reduce dust. Anticipated Impact due to mining operation

Degradation of land is one of the adverse impact of river terrace mining due creation of access

roads, mining operations, transportation of mined material. Some of the serious impact includes;

Impact on scenic beauty, loss of vegetation, degradation of land, impact on ground water.

Creation of pits which will get filled with water during rains leading to water pollution .

Stagnant water will facilitate mosquito breeding.

Mitigation of Impacts

In order to prevent the environmental degradation of leased mine area and its surroundings, the

following measures shall be taken;

No mining is proposed up to 100 meters from the HFL.

Minimal damage to the flora standing around the lease area.

Operations during daylight only.

No foreign material should be allowed to remain/spill in lease area and catchment area, or

no pits/pockets will be allowed to be filled with such material.

Soil quality shall be monitored regularly to assess the adverse impact. Plantation activites

shall be undertaken in consultation with village Panchayat.

There shall not be significant adverse impact on land.

Impact on Water Environment The area under mining is not affected by surrounding catchment as it is located on a terrace and it

discharges the rain water directly in to the Chaki River.

Damage in the water body, depends on its assimilative capacity. To find out assimilative capacity of

receiving water body, water samples were collected from different Bore Wells, and surface water

bodies. The study indicates that assimilative capacity of the River water bodies still exists, but

effective measures should be taken to check water pollution. Mining operation shall be undertaken

beyond the HFL of the river bed; hence there shall practically be no effect on surrounding water

sources due to mining of stone, bajri and sand.

Mitigation Measures to Control Water Pollution The major source of surface water pollution due to sand mining is insignificant, however the

following measures shall be undertaken to prevent water pollution.

Utmost care will be taken to minimize spillage of stone and sand.

Drainage around the mining area would be undertaken so that rain water does not enter the

mining pits.

Plantation as per mining plan will be under taken.

Impact on Air Environment The major contribution to pollution in air shall be from transportation of mined material to stone

crusher unit located at a distance of 0.5 Km.

The collection and loading & unloading will lead to momentary rise in the suspended particulate

matter (SPM). The dust liberated in mining and other related operations is injurious to health if

inhaled in sufficient quantity.

The sand collection and lifting is a manual operation. Therefore the dust generated is not so significant as compared to mining process of other hard minerals like the process of drilling, blasting, mechanized loading etc.

Mitigation of Impact on Air Environment

The proposed mining operations are not anticipated to raise the concentration of the pollutants

beyond prescribed limits. The major source of dust generation is the transport of material by trucks

and tractor trolleys. The following measures would be adopted to mitigate the SPM levels in

ambient air.

Green belts shall be developed on around the mining area..

Dust mask provided to the workers engaged at dust generation points like excavations,

loading and unloading points.

The only air pollution sources are the road transport network of the trucks. The dust

suppression measures like water spraying will be done on the roads.

Noise and Vibration Environment As there will be no heavy earth-moving machinery involved, there will not be any major impact on

noise level due to sand and stone mining and other associated activities. A detailed noise survey has

been carried out and results were cross referenced with standards and were found to be well within

limits. Blasting technique is not used for sand and stone lifting, hence no possibility of land vibration.

It was found that the sand and stone mining activity will not have any significant impact on the noise

environment of the region. The only impact will be due to transportation of stone and sand by

trucks.

Mitigation of Noise and Vibration Environment As the only impact is due to transportation of stone/sand to the Stone Crusher site, emphasis will be given on the following points.

Sound.

ts along the road networks.

Biological Environment The mining activity will have insignificant effect on the existing flora and fauna. Data have been

collected from various Government Departments such as forests, agriculture, fisheries, animal

husbandry and various offices to establish the pre project biological environmental conditions. The

project area is surrounded by reserved forests at a distance of 2-3 kilometers. The banks are also

lined with agricultural land. It was found that the proposed mining activity will not have any

significant impact on the biological environment of the region. The purpose of the project itself is to

convert the existing not cultivable land into land suitable for agriculture and horticulture.

The proposed mining activity is on the Chaki River Terrace. Since the mining activity is on the terrace

away from the river flow, therefore there shall be no impact on the aquatic flora and fauna.

Mitigation of Impacts on Biological Environment There is a requirement to establish a stable ecosystem with both ecological and economic returns.

Minimization of soil erosion and dust pollution enhances the beauty of the core and the buffer zone.

To achieve this it is planned to increase plantation activities as per mining plan The basic objectives

of plantations are as follows:-

nt in river bank stability

Greenbelt Development and Bio-Diversity Preservation

Plantation activities will be carried out from the profits in consultation with village Panchayat.

Socio-Economic Environment This project operation will provide livelihood to the poorest section of the society. Approximately 12-15people shall work at mine site and nearly 200 people are to be benefited directly or indirectly by the project. Anticipated impacts and evaluation The results of the field survey conducted to understand the knowledge and perception of the people living around the project area gives a clear idea about the need for the project. The awareness level regarding the proposed mining activity is very high. The proposed mining activity is expected to provide stimulus to socio-economic activities in the region and thereby accelerate further development processes. CONCLUSION: All possible environment aspects have been adequately assessed and necessary control measures have been formulated to meet statutory requirements thus implementing this project will not have any appreciable negative impacts.

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6

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ekpZ ls ebZ 2011 rd dh vof/k ds fy, bl ifj;kstuk dh ,d bZ-vkbZ-,@ bZ-,e-ih- fjiksVZ rS;kj dh x;h gSA izLrkfor ,dhd`r O;FkZ mipkj lqfo/kk ds dkj.k iM+us okys egRoiw.kZ i;kZoj.kh; izHkkoksa dh igpku vkSj iwokZuqeku] lkFk gh ,d i;kZoj.kh; izcU/ku ;kstuk esa izHkkoksa dks de djus dh mi;qDr fof/k;ksa ds fy, i;kZoj.kh; izHkko rF;ksa dks bZ-vkbZ-,- fjiksVZ esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSSA bl i;kZoj.k izHkko ewY;kadu (EIA) v;;u dk mn~ns'; gS] izLrkfor ifj;kstuk ds fuekZ.k vkSj xfrfof/k;ksa ls mRiUu gksus okys i;kZoj.kh; izHkkoksa dh lhek vkSj izd`fr ij tkudkjh miyC/k djkukA {ks= dh izLrkfor jsr ,ao iRFkj [kuu xfrfof/k ds fy, rhoz i;kZoj.k izHkko ewY;kadu (EIA) fHkUu i;kZoj.kh; vo;oksa ds foLr`r v;;u ls lEcfU/kr gS tSls ok;q] ty] Hkwfe] 'kksj] tSfod vkSj lkekftd&vkfFkZd i;kZoj.k tks ekStwnk i;kZoj.kh; ifjn`'; dks vfHkO;Dr djrk gSA i;kZoj.k izHkko v;;u ds fy,] [kuu gsrw fu/kkZfjr {ks= dh lhek ls 10 fdyskehVj dks doj djus okys {ks= dks v;;u {ks= ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gS] izHkko {ks= dsUnzh; {ks= ds lUnHkZ esa i;kZoj.kh xq.k/keksZ] ekudksa] LVs'kuksa] mapkbZ (RL) nwjh dk v;;u fd;k x;kA fjiksVZ esa ekpZ ls ebZ 2011 rd dh vof/k ds nkSjku laxzfgr fd;s x;s vkadM+s 'kkfey gSaA f}fr;d vkadM+ksa dk laxzg.k fHkUu ljdkjh laLFkkvksa]lkoZtfud {ks=] 'kS{kf.kd vkSj oSKkfud laLFkkuksa ls fd;k x;kA ekSle ds nkSjku laxzfgr ekSle lEcf/kr vkadM+s LFkkuh; ekSle dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks crkrs gSaA v;;u {ks= dh

iwoZizHkkoh gok dh fn'kk mRrj&iwoZ gSA dksj vkSj cQj v;;u {ks= esa fu;fU=r okrkoj.kh; ok;q dh xq.koRrk] vkS|ksfxd vkSj vkoklh; {ks=ksa esa

fu/kZkfjr jk"Vh; okrkoj.kh; ok;q xq.kokk (NAAQS) ds vuqlkj mi;qDr gSA fnu vkSj jkr ds le; ds nkSjku okrkoj.kh; rqY; 'kksj ds Lrj (LEQ) vkS|ksfxd vkSj okf.kfT;d {ks=

lhek ds (CPCB) eku ds vuqlkj mi;qDr ik;s x;sA lrgh ty vkSj Hkwty dh ty xq.kork (BIS/CPCB) eku ds vuqlkj mi;qDr ik;h x;hA v;;u {ks= dh feV~Vh [kkn ls mi;qDr la'kks/ku fd;s tkus ds ckn ouLifr ds fy, csgrj gks tk;sxh] ftlls

mRiknu esa o`f) gksxhA v;;u {ks= esa ikS/kksa ;k tUrqvksa dh dksbZ ,slh iztkfr ugha ikbZ x;h gS]ftlds foyqIr gks tkus dk [krjk gksA izLrkfor ifj;kstuk {ks= pDdh [kM~M unh ds lkFk yxh gqbZ Hkwfe ij fLFkr gS tks ifpe esa fn'kk esa cgdj

O;kl unh esa fey tkrh gSaA

7

vk/kvk/kvk/kvk/kkkkkjjjj js[kk i;kZoj.kh; js[kk i;kZoj.kh; js[kk i;kZoj.kh; js[kk i;kZoj.kh; fLFkfrfLFkfrfLFkfrfLFkfr%%%%

xq.k/keZxq.k/keZxq.k/keZxq.k/keZ

vk/kkj js[kk fLFkfrvk/kkj js[kk fLFkfrvk/kkj js[kk fLFkfrvk/kkj js[kk fLFkfr

okrkoj.kh; ok;q dh xq.koRrk okrkoj.kh; ok;q dh xq.kokk dk fu;U=.k ifj;kstuk dh lkbZV ls 10 fdyksehVj dh f=T;k

ds Hkhrj 4 LFkkuksa ij fd;k x;kA izsf{kr vkj-,l-ih-,e- Lrj 39-4 ls 119 ekbksxzke

izfr ?ku ehVj dh jsat esa Fks] tcfd ,l ih ,e 60 ls 202 ekbksxzke izfr ?ku ehVj dh

jsat esa FkkA lYQj MkbZ vkWDlkbZM vkSj ukbVkstu ds vkWDlkbMksa dh jast e'k% U;wure

ekid Lrj (BDL) ls 8-5 ekbksxzke izfr ?ku ehVj vkSj 10-3 ls 19-3 ekbksxzke izfr

?ku ehVj FkhA dkcZu eksuks vkWDlkbZM dh jsat ek=k 1-00 ih-ih-,e- ls de ik;h xbZA

'kksj ds Lrj 'kksj dk fu;U=.k rhu LFkkuksa ij fd;k x;kA fu;U=.k dk;Ze ds ifj.kkeksa ls ;g bafxr

gqvk fd fnu vkSj jkr nksuksa le; esa 'kksj ds Lrj lHkh rhu LFkkuksa esa (NAAQS) dh

fu/kZkfjr lhekvksa ds Hkhrj ik, x,A

ty dh xq.koRrk 2 Hkwty ds uewuksa vkSj 2 lrgh ty ds uewuksa dk fo'ys"k.k fd;k x;k

vkSj blls ;g fu"d"kZ fudyk fd% lkbZV ij Hkwty is;ty ds :i esa dke esa ysus ds fy, mi;qDr gSA lrgh ty] dsoy jklk;fud vkSj tSfod mipkj ds ckn gh ihus ds

fy, mi;qDr gSAgkykafd ;g ugkus ds fy, mi;qDr gSaA

feV~Vh dh xq.koRrk

mPpLrjh; fHkUurk ls ;qDr Lrjh; feV~Vh izLrkfor lkbZV dk yk{kf.kd xq.k gSA {ks= dh feV~Vh gYdh lh vEyh; gS]bldk ih ,p 6-6&6-8 ds chp gSA

tSfod i;kZoj.k

v;;u {ks= esa ikfjfLFkfrd :i ls laosnh dksbZ {ks= mifLFkr ugha gSA ysfdu ifj;kstuk {ks= ds vkl ikl dbZ ljaf{kr ou {ks= gSaA

lkekftd&vkfFkZd voLFkk

iwjk v;;u {ks= fljekSj ftys ds vUrXkZr vkrk gSA f'kf{kr vkcknh dk izfr'kr 78 ls vf/kd gSA {ks= dk fyax vuqikr nkkZrk gS fd iq:"k tula[;k efgykvksa ls vf/kd gSA v;;u {ks= esa 9 izfrkr yksx d`f"k xfrfo/kh ij fuHkZj ik;s x;s gSaA

8

izR;kf'kr izR;kf'kr izR;kf'kr izR;kf'kr i;i;i;i;kZoj.khkZoj.khkZoj.khkZoj.kh; izHkko vkSj bls de ; izHkko vkSj bls de ; izHkko vkSj bls de ; izHkko vkSj bls de djus djus djus djus dsdsdsds rjhdsrjhdsrjhdsrjhds bl rd igqapus okyh lM+d ds dkj.k izR;f'kr izHkkobl rd igqapus okyh lM+d ds dkj.k izR;f'kr izHkkobl rd igqapus okyh lM+d ds dkj.k izR;f'kr izHkkobl rd igqapus okyh lM+d ds dkj.k izR;f'kr izHkko [kuu {ks= ls kj rd igaqpus ds fy, lM+d dh vko';drk gSA ,slh lM+d ekStwnk lM+dksa@iSny pyus okys yksaxksa ds }kjk iz;qDr ekxksZ@cqXxh ekxksZ ds leku lajs[k.k esa gSaA dHkh dHkh Vd o VSDVj ds pyus ls eosf'k;ksa] d`f"k Hkwfe] ekuo vkokl ds fy, leL;k,sa iSnk gks ldrh gSaA ,slk /kwy] 'kksj vkSj vke turk dh xfrfof/k;ksa ds dkj.k gksrk gSA vkSj blls ;krk;kr esa Hkh leL;k iSnk gks ldrh gSA ;s i;kZoj.kh; leL;k,sa vkSj vf/kd eglwl dh tkrh gSA D;ksafd ;gka dh i`"BHkwfe xzkeh.k izd`fr dh gSA

igqapus okyh lM+d ij izHkkoksa dks de djukigqapus okyh lM+d ij izHkkoksa dks de djukigqapus okyh lM+d ij izHkkoksa dks de djukigqapus okyh lM+d ij izHkkoksa dks de djuk lM+d ij okguksa dh xfrfof/k;ka c

9

ty fudk;ksa dh lap;u {kerk vHkh Hkh mifLFkr gS] ysfdu ty nw"k.k dks jksdus ds fy, Hkkoh dne mBk;s tkus pkfg,A jsr iRFkj o ctjh ds [kuu dh f;k dk {ks= ds tyh; okrkoj.k ij dksbZ egRoiw.kZ Hkko ugha iMs+xkA ty nw"k.k dks fu;fU=r djus ds fy, mBk;s tkus okys dnety nw"k.k dks fu;fU=r djus ds fy, mBk;s tkus okys dnety nw"k.k dks fu;fU=r djus ds fy, mBk;s tkus okys dnety nw"k.k dks fu;fU=r djus ds fy, mBk;s tkus okys dne

iRFkj o jsr ds [kuu ls lrgh ty dk nw"k.k ux.; gSA jsr vkSj iRFkj dk fxjuk de djus ds fy, cgqr vf/kd lko/kkuh cjrh tk;sxhA unh dk ty [kuu LFky ij cus x

10

okguksa vkSj muds lkbysUljksa dk le; ij j[k&j[kko rkfd dEiu vkSj ofu dks de fd;k tk ldsA iqjkus vkSj [kjkc Vdksa o Vksfy;ksa dks gVk;k tkuk A lM+d usVodZ ds fdukjs gfjr iV~Vh dk ko/kkuA iRFkj o ctjh dh yksfMax ds nkSjku U;wure ofu mRiUu djus ds fy, lko/kkuh cjrh tk;sxhA

tSfod okrkoj.ktSfod okrkoj.ktSfod okrkoj.ktSfod okrkoj.k [kuu dh f;k dk mifLFkr ikS/ksak vkSj tUrqvksa ij egRoiw.kZ Hkko ugha iMsxkA fofHkUu ljdkjh foHkkxksa tSls ou] d`f"k]eRL; ikyu] i'kq ikyu vkSj fHkUu dk;kZy;ksa ls vkadM+s ,df=r fd;s x;s gSa rkfd iwoZ ifj;kstuk tSfod okrkoj.kh; ifjfLFfr;ksa dks LFkkfir fd;k tk ldsA ifj;kstuk {ks= ds vkl&ikl lajf{kr ou ls f?kjk gqvk gS vkSj fdukjs ij d`f"k Hkwfe Hkh mifLFkr gSA [kqn ifj;kstuk dk mn~ns'; gS] ifj;kstuk {ks= dh Hkwfe dks d`f"k ,oa ckxokuh ds fy, mi;qDr cukuk jsr vkSj iRFkj ds [kuu dh f;k dk {ks= unh ls 100 ehVj dh nwjh ij gS vr% unh ds TkSfod okrkoj.k ij dksbZ egRoiw.kZ Hkko ugha iMs+xkA TkSfod okrkoj.k ij Hkko dks de djukTkSfod okrkoj.k ij Hkko dks de djukTkSfod okrkoj.k ij Hkko dks de djukTkSfod okrkoj.k ij Hkko dks de djuk ,d LFkk;h ikfjfLFkfrd ra= dks LFkkfir djus dh vko';drk gS] tks ikfjfLFkfrd vkSj vkfFkZd nksuksa n`f"V;ksa ls mi;qDr gksA vijnu vkSj /kwy nw"k.k esa deh dksj vkSj cQj tk+su dh lqUnjrk dks c

11

R;kf'kr Hkko vkSj R;kf'kr Hkko vkSj R;kf'kr Hkko vkSj R;kf'kr Hkko vkSj ewY;kaduewY;kaduewY;kaduewY;kadu ifj;kstuk {ks= ds vkl ikl yksxksa ds fopkjksa ij vk/kfjr ,d {ks= losZ{k.k ds lapkyu ds ifj.kke] bl ifj;kstuk dh vko';drk ds ckjs esa ,d Li"V fopkj Lrqr djrs gSaA Lrkfor [kuu f;k ds fy, tkx:drk dk Lrj cgqr mPp gSA ,slh vk'kk dh tkrh gS fd Lrkfor [kuu f;k bl {ks= esa lkekftd&vkfFkZd f;kvksa dks c

0

MINING LEASE FOR MINING OF MINOR MINERALS: SAND, STONE AND BAJRI

SITUATED IN KHASRA NO. 1600/617

MEASURING 8.5555 Hectares

FALLING IN MAUZA LODHWAN, TEHSIL- NURPUR,

DISTRICT KANGRA, HIMACHAL PRADESH

GRANTED IN FAVOUR OF:

M/s DIAMOND ENTERPRISES

Partnership concern of Akash Katoch, Vijay Kumar,Ajay Kumar and Arvind Kumar

CONSULTANT:

SHIVALIK SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LTD. (UPL ENVIRO INFRASTRUCTURE GROUP CO)

VILLAGE-MAJRA, P.O. DABHOTA,

TEHSIL NALAGARH, DISTT. SOLAN, HIMACHAL PRADESH.

1

CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1-2

CROSS REFERENCE FOR TOR 3-7

EIA REPORT 8-87

CHAPTER-I INTRODUCTION 8-10

1.1 INTRODUCTION

1.2 SCOPE OF WORK FOR REIA/EMP

1.3 WORK PROGRAMME

1.4 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

1.5 DATA COLLECTED

CHAPTER-II DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 11-25

2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.2 LOCATION

2.3 PHYSIOGRAPHY

2.4 REGIONAL GEOLOGY AND LOCAL GEOLOGY

2.5 GEOLOGY OF LEASE AREA

2.6 EXPLORATION

2.7 RESERVES

2.8 MINING METHODOLOGY

2.9 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION

2.10 RATE OF PRODUCTION

2.11 WASTE GENERATION

2.12 TRANSPORTATION

CHAPTER-III : STATUS OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 26-67

3.1 INTRODUCTION

3.2 STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE

3.3 LAND USE PATTERN

3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT

3.5 CLIMATIC CONDITION

3.6 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

3.7 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

3.8 TRAFFIC DENSITY

3.9 SOIL

3.10 BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS

3.11 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

CHAPTER-IV: ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

67-75

4.1 INTRODUCTION

4.2 IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT

4.3 IMPACTS ON WATER ENVIRONMENT

4.4 IMPACTS ON HYDROLOGY

4.5 IMPACTS ON CLIMATE

2

4.6 IMPACTS ON AIR ENVIRONMENT

4.7 IMPACTS ON NOISE AND VIBRATION ENVIRONMENT

4.8 IMPACTS ON BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS

4.9 IMPACTS DUE TO SOLID WASTE

4.10 IMPACTS ON SOIL

4.11 IMPACTS O CUMULATIVE MINING IN THE AREA

4.12

IMPACTS ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

CHAPTER-V: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 76-80

5.0 INTRODUCTION

5.1 LAND

5.2 WATER POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES

5.3 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES

5.4 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES

5.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

5.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT/ COPERATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

5.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

5.8 CONCLUSION

LIST OF ANNEXURES: ANNEXURE-I COPY OF TOR ISSUED BY MOEF

ANNEXURE-II (A) APPROVAL LETTER FROM DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIES,

GOVERNMENT OF H.P

ANNEXURE-II (B) LEASE DEED

ANNEXURE-III JOINT INSPECTION REPORT FROM SDM, FOREST DEPARTMENT,

POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD, PWD AND IPH DEPARTMENT

ANNEXURE-IV LIST OF FLORA & FAUNA , DEPARTMENT OF FOREST

ANNEXURE-V NOC FROM VILLAGE PANCHAYAT ANNEXURE-VI CONSULTANTS CREDENTIALS

3

TERMS OF REFERENCE AS ISSUED BY EXPERT APPRAISAL COMMITTEE ON MINING PROJECTS IN ITS 13TH MEETING HELD ON MARCH 23-25, 2011

S. No.

ToR Cross Ref. in EIA Report

1.

Year wise production prior to EIA notification, 2006 coming into force and clearly stating the highest production achieved in any one year prior to 2006. It may be categorically informed weather there had been any increased production after the EIA Notification ,2006 coming into force w.r.t. the highest production achieved prior to 2006

2006-46892 MTA 2007-38017 MTA 2008-35821 MTA 2009-39190 MTA 2010-35719 MTA

2.

A copy of document in support of the fact that the proponent is rightful lessee of the mine should be given.

Lease application & joint inspection report is at Annexure-I

3. All documents including approved mine plan , EIA report and public hearing should be compatible with one another in terms of the mine lease area, production levels, waste generation and its management and mining technology and should be in the name of the lessee.. The mine plan should take in account the conditions of the mine lease, if any, in terms of distance to be left un worked from the river flowing nearby.

Yes, mine plan , EIA report and public hearing are compatible with each other.

4. The study area will comprise of 10 km zone around the mine lease from lease periphery and the data contained in the EIA such as waste generation etc. should be for the life of the mine/ lease period.

Chapter II and III

5. Land use of the study area delineating forest area, agricultural land, grazing land, wildlife sanctuary and national park, migratory routes of fauna, water bodies, human settlements and ecological features.

Chapter III

6. Land use plan of the mine lease area should be prepared to encompass pre-operational, operational and post-operational phases and submitted.

Chapter II

7. Location of National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves,

4

wildlife Corridors, Tiger/Elephant Reserves (existing as well as proposed) within 10 km of the mine lease should be clearly supported by a location map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden. Necessary clearance if any , as may be applicable to such projects due to proximity of the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned above should be obtained from the Chief Wildlife Warden under the wildlife ( Protection ) Act,1972 and copy furnished.

There is no national park,sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, wildlife corridors within 10 KM; Inspection Report of Joint Inspection Team of Government of H.P is attached

8. A detailed biological study for the study area [core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius of the periphery of the mine lease)] shall be carried out covering both terrestrial and aquatic flora and fauna. Details of flora and fauna, duly authenticated, separately for core and buffer zone should be furnished based on field survey clearly indicating the Schedule of the fauna present.

Chapter III.

9. Impact of change of land use should be given.

Chapter IV

10. Impact on topography, drainage, agricultural fields, cattle fields, wildlife, water logging leading to water borne diseases, if any. It may also be shown whether it will lead to change of watercourse of the river. Modelling exercise should also be carried out through an expert agency to show the change in river flow dynamics, if any.

Chapter IV

11. One season (non-monsoon) primary baseline data on ambient air quality (PM10, SO2 and NOX), water quality, noise level, soil and flora and fauna shall be collected and AAQ data so collected presented date wise in the EIA and EMP report. Site specific meteorological data should also be collected. The location of the monitoring station should be justified. There should be at least one AAQ monitoring station within 500 m of the mine lease in the pre-dominant downwind direction. The mineralogical composition of PM10 particularly for free silica should be given.

Chapter III

12. Air quality modelling should be carried out for prediction of impact of the project on the air quality of the area. It should also take into account the impact of movement of vehicles for transportation of mineral. The details of the model used and input parameters used for modelling should be

Wind rose dig pl see- Chapter- III There is no point source of pollution.

5

provided. The air quality contours may be shown on a location map clearly indicating the location of the site, location of sensitive receptors, if any and the habitation. The wind roses showing the pre-dominant wind direction may also be indicated on the map. The impact of stone crusher nearby should be taken into account.

The stone crusher is adjacent to mining area.

13. The water requirement for the project, its availability and source to be furnished. A detailed water balance should also be provided. Fresh water requirement for the project should be indicated.

Ch-II Mining process does not have water requirement.

14. Necessary clearance from the Competent authority for drawl of requisite quantity of water for the project should be provided.

Not applicable

15. Details of water conservation measures proposed to be adopted in the project should be given.

Mining process does not require use of water

16. Impact of the project on the water quality should be assessed and necessary safeguard measures, if any required should be provided.

Chapter IV

17. Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be shown whether working will intersect ground water. Necessary data and documentation in this regard may be provided. In case the working will intersect ground water table a detailed hydro geological study should be undertaken and report furnished. Necessary permission from Ground Water Authority for working below ground water and for pumping of ground water should also be obtained and furnished.

No, Mining of mineral up to 6 mt shall not intersect groundwater.

18. Details of first order stream, if any passing through lease area and modification /diversion proposed, if any and the impact of the same on the hydrology should be brought out.

No stream passes through the lease area.

19. Details of rainwater harvesting proposed, if any, in the project should be provided.

NA The Lease area is located near river.

20. Information on site elevation, working depth, groundwater table should be provided both in MSL and bgl. A schematic diagram may also be provided for the same.

Chapter II & IV

21. Quantity of solid waste generation to be estimated and

6

details for its disposal and management should be provided. The quantity, volumes and methodology planned for removal and utilization (preferably concurrently) of top soil should be indicated. Details of backfilling proposed, if any should also be given. It may be clearly indicated that out of the total waste generated during the mine life, how much quantity would be backfilled and how much would be quantity would be disposed off in the form of external dump (number of dumps, their height, terraces etc. to be brought out.

Chapter II &IV

22. The reclamation plan, post mine land use and progressive greenbelt development plan shall be prepared in tabular form (prescribed format) and submitted.

Chapter IV

23. Impact on local transport infrastructure due to the project should be evaluated. Projected increase in truck traffic as a result of the project in the present road network (including those outside the project area) and whether it is capable of handling the increased load should be estimated. Arrangement for improving the infrastructure, if contemplated including action to be taken by other agencies such a state government, if any, should be covered.

Chapter IV

24. Details of the infrastructure facilities to be provided for the mine workers should be furnished.

Chapter III

25. Conceptual post mining land use and Reclamation and Rehabilitation of mined out area ( with plan and adequate number of sections) should be given in the EIA report.

Chapter IV

26. Phase- wise plan of green belt development, plantation and compensatory afforestation clearly indicating the area to be covered under plantation and the species to be planted should be provided.

Chapter IV

27. Occupational health impacts of the project activity should be anticipated and reported and proposed preventive measures indicated. These along with details of pre-placement medical examination and periodical medical examination schedules and medical facilities proposed to be provided should be incorporated in the EMP.

Chapter IV

28. Measures of socio economic influence to the local

7

community, proposed to be provided by project proponent should be spelt out. As far as possible, quantitative dimensions should be given.

Chapter IV & V

29. Detailed environmental management plan to mitigate the environmental impacts which should inter alia also include the impact due to change of land use , due loss of agricultural land use , due to loss of agricultural land and grazing land , if any , occupational health impacts besides other impacts of projects It should also take into account the impacts due to stone crusher nearby and also provide for preventing the silt from going into the river.

Chapter V

30. Risk assessment and disaster management plan due to inundation of mine as a result of its location close to river should be examined and addressed.

Chapter IV

31. Public hearing points raised and commitment of the project proponent on the same along with time bound action plan to implement the same should be provided.

Yes shall be incorporated after public hearing.

32. Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project should be given.

Not Applicable.

33. The cost of the project (capital cost and recurring cost) as well as the cost towards implementation of EMP should be clearly spelt out.

Chapter V

8

CHAPTER- I

1.1 INTRODUCTION

M/s Diamond Enterprises, a partnership concern with Akash Katoch , Vijay Kumar, Ajay

Kumar and Arvind Kumar, village Bari Khad , P.O. Lodhwan , Tehsil Nurpur, District Kangra,

Himachal Pradesh were granted mining lease for mining Sand, Stone and Bajri from lease area

measuring 9.5555 hectare, Khasra number1600/617 situated on river terrace of Chakki Khad

and its tributary Bari Khad. Mined stone will be used in a captive stone crushing unit. The

proponent has been granted mining lease for mining sand, stone and bajri vide letter

Nos.Udyog-Bhu(Khani-4)Laghu- 643/99-10066 dated 03.10.06 wef 02.08.05 to 01.08.2010 . An

application for further renewal for five years is pending with State Government.

As per the EIA Notification, dated 14.09.2006 under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, and

circular dated 06.02.2007, the mining of minerals more than 5 ha and with less than 50

hectare of mining lease area are categorized as Category-B projects, subject to the

applicability of General Conditions. This mining project falls in category-A as the site is

situated within 10 Km of interstate boundary with Punjab. All these mining projects are

statutorily required to conduct Environmental Impact Assessment study for obtaining

environmental clearance.

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan for

Mining of Minerals as per the EIA Notification, 2006 has been prepared in accordance to

the Environmental Impact Assessment Guidance Manual published by MoEF for grant of

environmental clearance with relevant project specific data and Terms of reference issued

by the Ministry of Environment & Forest vide their letter No j-11015/10/2011-IA.II (M) dated

28th April, 2011 for production of sand stone and bajari put together to 100000Mt ( terrace

mining) .

Crushed stone, gravel and sand are one of the largest non-fuel mineral commodities by

tonnage produced in Himachal Pradesh, supplying some of the most important construction

materials. Further, average unit value of crushed stone, sand and gravel is one of the lowest

of all mineral commodities.

This production of aggregate in a particular area is a function of the availability of natural

resources, the size of population, the economy of the area and various developmental and

infrastructural works being undertaken in the area like road construction, hydro-electric

9

projects etc. Further, being a low- value, high-volume mineral commodity, the prices are

dramatically affected by transportation distances. If the distances increase, the

transportation cost may increase much more than the cost of the aggregates.

Although river bed deposits of sand stone & bajari form significant resource that is

seasonally replenished, their excessive extraction may cause scouring and erosion of river

and other environmental problem. The extraction of river terrace deposits is alternative to

riverbed mining. Substantial resources of sand and stone exists in river terrace beneath land

assessed through geological /resource mapping and site exploration survey involving

boreholes, test pits, geophysical surveys, and sampling and laboratory studies.

Mining of the stones from river terrace is done, which are processed for production of stone

of various size, grit and sand essential for construction activities. Environmental impacts can

arise during all activities of the mining process. Minimizing the damage due to mining

operations depends on sound environmental practices in a framework of balanced

environmental legislation. The potential adverse effects of river terrace mining activities

include change in land use pattern, air pollution, degradation of land, noise, damage to local

ecology, natural topography and drainage, etc. All these environmental components have

been considered while selecting a proper methodology of mining, mitigation measures to

reduce pollution load, conservation of natural resources, etc.

1.2 SCOPE OF WORK FOR REIA/EMP

This EIA/EMP report is prepared as per the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment &

Forest, New Delhi & is based on observations made by Expert Team during their visit to the

area in the study period and collection of primary as well as secondary environmental data.

1.3 WORK PROGRAMME

The disciplines covered under the work programme are, prerequisite information of the site,

impacts and management plans. The above disciplines include the following method of

collection & compilation of data and the resulting predictions.

i) Preparation of a check list including the details of type and class of information required

for developing an environmental impact assessment report. Major environmental aspects

(including testing etc.) covered under the study are;

A Selection of the appropriate sampling stations for Soil, Water & Air within Core and

Buffer zone of 10 Km radius.

B. Various offices of villages - Panchayats and Tehsils within study area were approached

for their socio-economic status, standards of living, and possible impacts on their

status by the proposed mining activity.

10

C. The concerned meteorological department was contacted for the meteorological data

of past few years like Rainfall, Temperature and Humidity.

D The data were then compiled and results were interpreted in the form of Graphs,

Figures, Tabulations and Illustrations.

E. The impacts were predicted on the basis of baseline environment data highlighting the

positive or negative impact on account of various proposed mining activities.

F. Environmental Management Plan prepared for mining project, suggesting various

mitigation measures to reduce/eliminate adverse impacts of the river bed mining and

other aspects as may be required by the concerned authorities.

1.4 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED

On the basis of a quick assessment of the environmental conditions at the mine site and the

nature of adjoining area, it was found that the mining lease site as its centre was considered

as core zone where fugitive emission of the mining activity can have an impact on physical

and biological environments. Area within 10 km. radius circle was considered as buffer zone,

where only slight impact may be observed occasionally.

1.5 DATA COLLECTION

The baseline data for the project site and 10 km radius area were collected in accordance

with the requirement of guidelines of MoEF. Monitoring was done for winter season

(January to March 2011) for the following parameters: -

1 AIR: Ambient air monitoring (24 hourly samples), twice a week, at 4 location,

Parameters: SPM, SO2, NOx, RSPM.

2 METEOROLOGICAL parameters at hourly duration. Parameters: Wind speed, direction,

Relative humidity and Temperature.

3 WATER: Collection of water samples from four locations for assessment of surface

and ground water quality.

Parameters: water tested for physical and chemical and biological parameters

according to prescribed guidelines.

4 SOIL Once at two locations in buffer zone.

5 NOISE Once at four locations in core and buffer zone.

In addition to the above, the data on land use, vegetation and agricultural crops were also

collected from different Government departments / agencies for the preparation of EIA

report.

11

CHAPTER II 2.1 INTRODUCTION

The project involves mining / collection up to 100000 metric tons of stone and bajri from old

terrace of Chaki Khad for a stone crushing unit to be set by the project proponent.

The chapter deals with the location, physiographic feature of the area, description and

characteristics of regional and local geology, mineral reserves, method of mining, annual rate

of production and generation of waste.

2.2 LOCATION.

The proposed mining site is located near the Chaki Khad on its old terrace falling in village Bari

Khad, Tahsil Nurpur, and District Kangra of Himachal Pradesh. The area is cover by Survey of

India Toposheet No. 43 P/11 and 43P/15.

The mine is 20 kilometers from Nurpur, tehsil head quarter and 72 kms from Dharmshala

District Headquarter. The nearest town, Pathankot is about 15 kilometres falling in State of

Punjab. .

FIGURE 2.1. SHOWING BOUNDARY PILLARS OF MINING LEASE ON GOOGLE EARTH IMAGERY.

12

TABLE 2.1: SHOWING COORDINATES OF BOUNDARY PILLARS SHOWN IN FIGURE 2.1.

Latitude Longitude 32016 43.5 N 750 45 05.5E

32016 40.1 N 750 44 54.9E

32016 32.3 N 750 45 02.6E

FIGURE 2.2 SHOWING LOCATION OF MINING LEASE AREA ON SURVEY OF INDIA

TOPOSHEET 43 P/11 & 43 P/15.

13

2.3 PHYSIOGRAPHY

The area falls in the foothill area of Himalayas in the west of Himachal Pradesh. The lease area

is part of old terrace of Chaki Khad near the confluence of Bari Khad with Chaki Khad.

2.2.1. Ridges: In the SSE is the sub watershed ridge dividing the Chaki Catchment. The

Chaki Khad which takes an elbow turn about five kilometers downstream of the

lease area is fed by east west flowing khads and south of elbow turn by north

east to south west flowing khads. The ridge rises from the Chaki Khad from about

330m MSL toward 433. In the NNE are the peaks marked 473MSL, 486m MSL

and the ridge joins the West East running ridge dividing the catchment of Jabber

Khad (a tributary of Chaki Khad) in the north and Chhounch Khad in the South.

Small village such as Baranda, Maud, Kut, Giora, Bhaletti, Aghar etc are habitated

almost on the watershed ridge. In the north and northeast is Pathankot valley

extending up to Ravi River.

2.2.2 Drainage: The Chaki Khad, one of the important tributaries of the Ravi River,

carries the main drainage of the area. It originates from Dhauladhar Ranges and

initially has a Southeasterly flow. At places it runs North West to south east and

SE to NW along the Shiwalik Hills. But after cutting through the Shiwalik hills, it

general flow from NE to SW. It takes an elbow turn east of Pathankot Airport

towards south.

The study area is drained by tributaries of Chaki Khad. The eastern part is mainly

drained by Bari Khad. It originates from near the villages Balkhora and Baranda at

a height of 520 metres MSL. There are other khads , originating from Lodhwan

Reserve Forest which drain the Southeastern areas and flow from south east to

North west.

The Northern parts are drained by Bagra Khad which joins Chaki Khad north of the

lease area and Phungtori Khad drains north western and western parts of the

area and joins Chaki Khad quite a way in the south.

2.2.3 Springs: Springs are common feature in the hilly parts, and for many of the villages

are main source of potable water.

14

2.4 GEOLOGY.

2.4.1 REGIONAL GEOLOGY

GEOLOGICALLY Himachal Pradesh can be broadly divided into two major geo-tectonic zones

viz. the Lesser Himalayan tectogen in the south and the Tethys Himalayan Tectogen in the

north. These two tectonic zones are juxtaposed with each other along a major tectonic break

collectively designated as Main Central Thrust in the sense defined by Srikantia (1988). Mandi

District lying within the Lesser Himalaya and the Shiwalik Foothill comprises rocks ranging in

age from Proterozoic to Quaternary. The oldest rocks are of undifferentiated Proterozoic age,

comprising canrbonaceous phyllite, schist, gneiss, quartzite and marble. The Ghoghar Dhar

(Undifferentiated Proterozoic age) occurs as an intrusive body within the Chail Group of rock.

This granite body is well foliated and composed of gneisses, granite with minor aplite and basic

veinlets. The Sundernagar Group of Rocks of Meso- Proterozoic age is represented by quartzite

with basic flows. The Shali Group of Rocks (Meso- Proterozoic) Comprising limestone,

dolomite, (at places stromatolytic) slate, & quartzite. The Subathu consists mainly, of olive

green shales and grey shales. At the top, a band of white quartzite is exposed; this band of

white quartzite has been taken as the marker, defining the top of the Subathu sequence. The

thick sequence of brackish and fresh water sediments immediately succeeding the fossiliferous

marine Subathu are classified as Dharamshala Formation .The Dharamshala Formation are

widely exposed in the Mandi parautochthon, further west in the autochthon, these rocks are

exposed, in the core of the Sarkaghat anticline. The Shiwalik Group of Middle Miocene of

Early Pleistocene age comprises coarse clastic fluviatile deposits of sandstone, clay and

conglomerates. The Quaternary sediments ( Older Alluvium and Newer Alluvium) along

prominent channels consisting of sand, silt, clay, pebbles and cobbles occurring along present

channels of Middle to Late Pleistone and Holocene age.

2.4.2 LOCAL GEOLOGY

The local geological sequence in the area is given in the figures 2.3 & 2.4 and stratigraphy of

the area is given in the table 2.2. The regional geology of the catchment area is very important

from the point of view of the fact that entire terrace has derived deposits from the catchment

and nature of stones, bajri and sand etc was dependent upon the type rocks in the catchment.

15

TABLE 2.2: STRATIGRAPHY OF THE CHAKI KHAD REGION

Sr. No Formation Rocks

1 Newer Alluvium

Channel Alluvium

Grey micaceous, fine to coarse grained sand, silt, clay, boulders, cobbles and pebbles of sandstone and quartzite

2 Upper Siwalik Predominantly massive conglomerate with red and orange clay as matrix and minor sandstone and earthy buff and brown claystone

3 Middle Siwalik Massive Sandstone with minor conglomerate and local variegated claystone

4 Lower Siwalik Alternation of fine to medium- grained sporadically pebbly sandstone, calcareous cement and prominent chocolate and medium maroon claystone in the middle part.

5 Upper Dharamshala Medium to fine grained, hard, bluish grey and massive Sandstone, green clay and siltstone

6 Lower Dharamshala Hard, grey, well bedded and high mica content sandstone

7 Chail Formation Slate, Phyllite and Schist

8 Dhauladhar Granitoid

Mylonitic Gneiss, Slate, Phyllite

a. Dharamshala Group

The thick sequence of brackish and fresh water sediments immediately succeeding the

fossilliferous marine Subathu Formation is the Dharamshala Foramtion. The Dharamshala

Formation are widely exposed in the Mandi parautochthon, further west in the autochthon,

these rocks are exposed, in the core of the Sarkaghat anticline.

This highly folded and faulted sequence of Dharamshala aggregating to about 4000 meter

displays a contrasting topography with that of younger and softer Siwalik rocks. The thick, hard

and highly competent Dharamshala rocks stand out as prominent ridges with higher relief.

Dharamshala Group is divided into two Formations:

Upper Dharamshala

Lower Dharamshla

16

b. Siwalik Group

The Siwalik deposits are one of the most comprehensively studied fluvial sequences in the

world. They comprise mudstones, sandstones, and coarsely bedded conglomerates laid down

when the region was a vast basin during Middle Miocene, to Upper Pleistocene times. The

sediments were deposited by rivers flowing southwards from the Greater Himalayas, resulting

in extensive multi-ordered drainage systems. Following this deposition, the sediments were

uplifted through intense tectonic regimes (commencing in Upper Miocene times),

subsequently resulting in a unique topographical entity - the Siwalik Hills. The Siwaliks are

divided stratigraphically into three major Subgroups - Lower, Middle, and Upper. These

Subgroups are further divided into individual Formations that are all laterally and vertically

exposed today in varying linear and random patterns.

Ongoing erosion and tectonic activity has greatly affected the topography of the Siwaliks. Their

present-day morphology is comprised of hogback ridges, consequent, subsequent, obsequent,

and resquent valleys of various orders, gullies, choes (seasonal streams), and earth-pillars,

filled earth buttresses of conglomerate formations, semi-circular choe-divides, talus cones,

colluvial cones, water-gaps, and choe terraces. Associated badlands features include the lack

of vegetation, steep slopes, high drainage density, and rapid erosion rates.

In the advent of Neogene a depression was formed in front of the rising mountains (Proto-

Himalaya). This depression becomes a repository of a thick sequence of molassic sediments of

the Siwalik. The Siwalik Group comprising conglomerates friable micaceous sandstone,

siltstone and clay-stone.

The conglomerates in general are poorly cemented but at places they are very hard. These

consist mainly of pebbles and cobbles of quartzite. The stray pebbles of granite, limestone,

sandstone, breccias and lumps of clay-stone are also observed at places. Often the size of

pebbles is large enough to be called as Boulders. The conglomerates not only occur as regular

band but also as lenticular bands alternative with micaceous sandstone and clay-beds. The

sediments were bought down 2 to 25 million years ago by the numerous fast flowing rivers

issuing forth from rapidly Rising Mountain mass of the Himalaya, in the north.

The Siwalik Group is divisible into three sub-groups respectively the Lower, Middle and Upper

on the basis of the litho-stratigraphy as given in the table (Table 2.2)

c. Newer Alluvium

Newer Alluvium is composed of cyclic sequence of grey, micaceous, fine to coarse grained

sand, silt, boulders, cobble, pebble and clays. Newer alluvium exposed as point bar/channel

bars within the active channels.

17

Figure 2.3 Geological Map of the Chaki Khad Catchments.

2.5 Geology of the lease area

The leased out area forms a part of the terrace comprising boulders, cobbles, pebbles, river

born bajri, and sand and clay deposit of terrace alluvium. The rocks in the catchments of Chaki

Khad are mainly of Siwalik Formation and Dharamshala

The area is comprising predominantly the quartzite Boulders, Sand and bajri of Sandstone.

The boulders are white, spotted white, greenish white, pink, purple and dark green in colour.

18

FIGURE 2.4 GEOLOGY OF THE AREA.

Table 2.3 : Litho-units exposed in the area

Formation Group Lithology Age

Newer Alluvium

Channel Alluvium

Grey micaceous, fine to coarse grained sand, silt, clay & boulders

Quaternary Terrace Alluvium

Cyclic sequence of grey micaceous sand, silt, clay, cobbles pebbles, stones and boulders

Shiwalik Upper Shiwalik

Predominantly massive conglomerate with red and orange clay as matrix and minor sandstone and earthy buff and brown clay stone Neogene

19

2.5.1 Nature of the Boulder/ Cobble/ Sand

The area lying within the old terrace of the Chaki Khad derived its deposits of stone, bajri,

sand etc from the catchment area of the Chaki Khad.

ll the deposit comprises quartzite, sand and fraction of granite, limestone and breccias-

fragments. The boulders are white, spotted white, greenish white, pink, purple and dark green

in colour. Quartzite fragments are rounded, sub- rounded and discoidal in shape having

smooth surface. The size varies from gravel to boulder.

Thickness of the deposit is considered to be up to eight metres depth.

2.6. EXPLORATION

In order to calculate the percentage of various sediments found in the terrace, a trial

pit was dug, at a most representative site, having dimensions of 1 m. * 1 m. * 1 m.

(Length * width * depth). The content of the total material dug out from the pits were

separated into five categories i.e. stone, bajri (cobbles), sand, silt and clay. The

percentage of the each category was found to be stone 35 %, bajri 20 %, sand 20%, silt

15% and clay 10%. The percentage of these constituents is likely to vary some extent

from place to place.

Eight meter from the surface is considered for calculation of the reserve.

The specific gravity of quartzite is 2.65 and of sand is 1.85. Hence average specific

gravity of 2.25 is taken for calculation of the deposit.

20

FIGURE 2.5: CONTOUR PLAN OF THE MINING LEASE AREA

21

FIGURE-2.6: WORKING PLAN OF THE MINING LEASE AREA SHOWING ULTIMATE PIT POSITION.

2.7 RESERVE The geological reserves of the lease area are calculated by multiplying the volume of

the area with specific gravity. The volume was calculated based on cross section

drawn. Thus geological reserves are 697000 metric tons up to five metres depth and

another 697000 metric tons of probable category up to further five metres depth.

However the mineable deposits are calculated based on following considerations:

The area is on old / dead meandering corridor of the river.

The water level generally is below 369 metres above MSL at the nearest point in the

northeast in the upstream side. In the downstream side it is 366 metres above MSL.

22

Normally during monsoon floods the water rises by about one to two metres.

The highest HFL level is 371 meters above mean sea level at the nearest point of the

Chaki Khad.

Ultimate end use of the area will be the development of land into agriculture fields

Waste will be backfilled into the area so that it can be developed into agriculture fields.

In total four benches in the pit form are suggested at following level

373 Meters Level

371 Meters Level

369 Meters Level and

367 Meters Level.

TABLE 2.4: SHOWING BENCH WISE DEPOSIT.

Bench Level Boulders Bajri Sand Silt clay Total

373 m 57000 33000 33000 24000 16000 163000

371 m 47000 27000 27000 20000 13000 134000

369 m 37000 21000 21000 16000 10000 105000

367 m 30000 17000 17000 13000 8700 85700

Total 171000 98000 98000 73000 47700 487700

2.8 Mining method

Bench wise mining will be undertaken manually. No mining machinery shall be

deployed.

The working period for mining will be restricted to 270 days (nine months) and during

three month of rainy season no mining shall be undertaken.

The mining operations in the lease area would be confined to day light hours, from 9

A.M. to 5 P. M.

The mining shall be done in the river terrace which is at more than 40 meters from the

Chaki banks and further safety zone has been provided from the lease area. Thus

mining will be undertaken at least 60 meters from the left bank of Chaki Khad.

However, the distance from water level would be about 100 metres.

The highest contour in the lease area is 375 metres above MSL.

The height of bench is taken as two metres as the deposit is well compacted.

First bench would be opened at 373 metres level.

23

Ultimate bench would be at 367 metres level

The nearest H F L of Chaki Khad is at 371.

The mining shall be restrained well away from water level.

The material is sorted manually at mining site and sand is separated from stone and

bajri.

Stone and bajri shall be transported to the Crusher for crushing and sale in the market.

o The silt and clay shall initially be dumped on safety zone along the periphery of

the lease area.

o Waste will be backfilled into the area so that it can be developed into

agriculture fields.

2.9 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION:

The mining activity in the lease area will thus give direct employment to about 12

persons engaged in extraction of stone, bajri and sand; loading of material into tractor

trolleys and tipper trucks. The stone and bajri shall be transported to the crusher.

Thus, for transportation of material about three to four drivers and equal number of

helpers shall be engaged. At the crusher about 12 skilled and semiskilled workers are

deployed. Moreover, the construction industry using the raw material from the mine

will generate employment for more than 200 skilled and semi-skilled workers. Thus,

the production of construction aggregates, such as sand stone and bajri has

tremendous impact on multiple generation of employment in downstream activities.

2.10 RATE OF PRODUCTION

The proposed rate of production, in the fifth year, would be about 116500 metric tons

of total material to be excavated. Though 29500 metric tons would be waste in the

form of silt and clay which will be used for back filling the pits. 87000 metric tons of

commercially sale able stone, bajri and sand would be moved. Thus, about 63000

metric tons of stone and bajri suitable for crushing would be transported to the

crushing unit, and 23000 metric tons of sand would be sold at mining site directly as

per demand.

No blasting shall be undertaken to break the large boulders. The boulders larger than

two feet will not be disturbed as per policy of the state Government, so that these act

as obstruction to the flood waters and assist in deposition of material in the lease area.

The production proposed during five years of mining according to approved mining

plan is as given in the table 2.5.

24

TABLE 2.5 PRODUCTION PLAN FOR FIVE YEARS

Boulders Bajri Sand Total First Year 25000 14300 14300 53600

Second Year 32000 18700 18700 69400

Third year 35000 20000 20000 75000

Fourth year 38000 22000 22000 82000

Fifth year 41000 23000 23000 87000

Total 171000 98000 98000 367000

Table 2.6 . Total material handling per year, including waste.

Year Total Material Handling (in Metric Tons)

First Year 71500

Second Year 91500 Third year 99700

Fourth year 108500 Fifth year 116500

Total 487700

Total material handling per year of stone, bajri, sand and waste material is depicted in table 2.6 As the demand for construction aggregate would increase in the future the production rate per years will remain below the optimum level of about 100000 metric tons of material including stone, bajri and sand from the lease area. 2.11 WASTE GENERATION During the excavation of stone, bajri and sand from the lease area silt and clay are also

quarried being associated minerals. The silt and clay which will be generated to the extent of

6500 metric tons per year will be initially dumped along the periphery of the lease area in the

safety zone, but eventually it will be back filled in the pits.

The generation of waste during five years of mining according to approved mining plan is as

given in the table 2.7 below:

25

TABLE 2.7 SHOWING GENERATION OF WASTE IN FIVE YEARS.

Silt Clay Total

First Year 10800 7100 17900

Second Year 13200 8900 22100

Third year 15000 9700 24700

Fourth year 16200 10300 26500

Fifth year 17800 11700 29500

Total 73000 47700 120700

2.1 LAND USE PLAN OF MINE LEASE

The mining lease area is an old terrace deposit well above the highest flood level. It therefore

can be put to use, eventually as agricultural land as it belongs to private individuals. Post

mining the area will be rehabilitated as a productive agricultural land.

2.11 TRANSPORTATION The lease area is having gentle slope with the gradient of 2 to 3 degrees moreover the pit

depth would be two metres each with six metres width, therefore tracks for the trucks and

trolley tractors can be easily maintained.

The loaded tractor trolleys / tipper trucks would carry the material to the crusher site, at a

distance of about 0.5 kilometres from the mining site. About 322 metric tons of stone, bajri

and sand would be required to be moved daily. Four tipper trucks will be able to move this

material making nine trips each. In case of tractor Trolleys, which carry about five tons per trip

about eight tractor trolleys would be able to move 322 metric tons of material in in eight trips

each.

26

CHAPTER-III

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 3.1 INTRODUCTION

The main objectives of environmental baseline study are:

(i) To assess present environmental quality for prediction of environmental impacts.

(ii) To identify environmentally significant factors for taking mitigating measures.

The chapter contains information on existing environmental scenario for the following

parameters.

1. Land Environment

2. Water Environment

3. Micro - Meteorology

4. Air Environment

5. Noise Environment

6. Soil Environment

7. Biological Environment

8. Socio-economic Environment

Although the mining activity will remain confined to very small area and of little magnitude

hence the zone of influence will be only surrounding fields of the leased out area, the

monitoring of the environmental parameters within the core zone and buffer zone (10 km. radial

distance) from the Mine site has been undertaken in accordance with the Terms of Reference

and Guidelines for EIA issued by the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India.

This chapter and the related discussions contain the results of field studies carried out for three

months (March to May 2011).

27

3.2 STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE

3.2.1 Location and Approach of the area

FIGURE 3.1- LOCATION MAP

3.2.2 Topo-sheet No.

Survey of India sheet No. 43 P/11 & 43 P/15 Scale; 1:63,360 ; 1:50000.

Surveyed in 1959; First Edition

Mine Site

28

The area lies between the latitude and longitude given below in table 3.1 and shown in the figure 3.3

Table 3.1: Showing latitude and longitude of the area.

Latitude Longitude 32016 43.5 N 750 45 05.5E

32016 40.1 N 750 44 54.9E

32016 32.3 N 750 45 02.6E

Figure 3.2: Location of leased out.

District Kangra

29

Figure 3.3: Satellite Imagery encompassing the latitude and longitude of lease area. (Courtesy- Google Earth).

3.2.3 Location of area

Village: - Bari Khad.

Patwar circle: - Lodhwan.

Post Office: - Lodhwan.

Tehsil: - Nurpur.

District:-Kangra . Sub-Divisional Office (Civil):- Nurpur.

Sub Divisional Office (Forest):- Nurpur.

Range Office (Forest):- Nurpur.

Sub Divisional Office (IPH):- Indora.

Sub Divisional Office (PWD):- Fatehpur.

State : Himachal Pradesh

30

3.3 LAND USE PATTERN Primarily the land of the district can be classified in following 6 categories as shown in figure 3.4

i. Forest

ii. Grass And Scrub Land

iii. Water Bodies

iv. Arable Land Un-irrigated

v. Arable Land Irrigated

vi. Urban Settlement

Figure 14: Showing General Land Use Pattern of the District Kangra.

31

The District Census report 2001 classified the land available in surrounding villages into following five categories as shown in figure 3.4.

1. Area not available for cultivation

2. Un-irrigated

3. Cultivable waste

4. Irrigated

5. Forest

Figure 3.5 : Showing Land use Pattern of villages around the mining lease area.

32

The lease is situated in the Indora C D Block hence the land use pattern of the Block is given in the Figure 3.5 for comparison.

Figure 3.6: Land Use Pattern of the C D Block Indora.

33

The percentage wise land use pattern of the Surrounding villages is given in the figure 3.6 and figure 3.7 shows percentage wise land use pattern of the C D Block Indora.

Figure 3.7: Showing Percentage of the Land Use Pattern of Zone of Influence.

Figure 2: Showing the Percentage of the Land Use Pattern of Indora C D Block.

34

3.3.1 AGRICULTURE:-

The economy of Kangra district is predominately agrarian and majority of population is

dependent on agriculture and activities allied to it for earning their livelihood. The

moisture retention capacity of the area is poor due mainly to the fact the bed rocks are

argillaceous and the land is uneven. The crops usually face moisture stress during the

remaining period of the year due to inadequate and irregular rainfall. The irrigation

facilities are provided by lifting water from steams, shallow dug wells and medium to

deep tube wells in the valley area.

The source of water and irrigation in district Kangra can be classified into following five

classes:

1. Lift Irrigation Scheme

2. Kuhls

3. Well used for domestic purposes

4. Well used for irrigation

5. Tube wells

Major food crops are grouped into three categories:

1. Cereals

2. Pulses

3. Other food crops like Chilies, ginger, sugarcane and turmeric.

Non- food crop area is of two kinds:

1. Oil seeds

2. Other non-food crops such as cotton, tobacco and fodder crop

The area under each category of the crop is given below in figure 3.8 and percentage of

area is given in figure 3.9. Figure 3.10 and 3.11 shows production and percentage of

production in district Kangra. .The area under vegetables and their production is given in

the figure 3.12.

35

Figure 3.9: Showing area under different crops in Kangra District.

Figure 3.10: Showing Percentage of area under each crop in District Kangra.

36

3.3.2 HORTICULTURE:-

The topography and the agro- climatic conditions of the district are quite suitable for the

production of the various fruits. The topography of the district can be grouped into three

categories namely high hill areas located at a higher elevation, mid hill areas and low

lying valley areas. Fruits of various kinds depending upon the terrain, climatic condition

and soil are grown in the district.

The main horticulture produce of the area can be classified into following five categories.

1. Apple

2. Other temperate fruits

3. Subtropical fruits

4. Nuts and dry fruits

5. Citrus fruits

The area under each fruit and as well as the production of fruit in each category is given

in the table 3.2. Figure 3.14 and Figure 3.15 showing area covered under each category

and its percentage.

Figure 3.11; Showing Area of each category of fruit in District Kangra.

37

Table 3.2: Area under each fruit and their production in District Kangra.

District Kangra Status of Horticulture, Fruits 2008-09

Fruit Area (In Hectares) Production (In Metric Tons)

Apple 453 502

Plum 416 1113

Peach 217 553

Apricot 37 40

Pear 421 1637

Cherry 0 0

Kiwi 11 0

Pomegranate 69 370

Olive 0 5

Persimmon 4 6

Strawberry 2 0

O T F 1177 3724

GreenAlmonds 417

0

Almonds 145

Walnut 201 113

Piccanut 196 126

Hezalnut 1 0

Nuts & Dry Fruits 815 384

Orange 5544 12935

Malta 667 1346

K. Lime 2749 2749

Galgal 491 1437

Grape Fruit 14 16

Citrus 9465 18483

Mango 21245 21028

Litchi 2712 2044

Gauva 663 745

Aonala 668 1026

Jackfruit 109 149

Papaya 101 223

Grapes 16 35

Loquat 48 35

Karonda 5 3

Ber 5 6

Sapota 10 3

Fig 2 0

Banana 86 205

Jamun 254 289

Bael 12 16

Deon 33 97

O S T F 25969 25904

38

Figure 3.12 Percentage wise area under each category of the fruits in District Kangra.

3.3.3. Animal Husbandry

Economy of the district is predominantly agrarian but role of Animal Husbandry is equally important as the farmers have to keep the cattle for the purpose of ploughing and to obtain manure for maintaining fertility of the fields and to meet daily need of milk of their family.

The population of the Buffaloes and Cattle in District Kangra is given in the figure 3.18

Figure 3.13: Showing Population of Cattle Buffaloes in District Kangra.

The total population of the livestock in District Kangra is given in the figure 3.19.

39

Figure 3.14: Livestock population of District Kangra.

3.3.4 Fisheries

There is a vast network of perennial rivers, khads and streams in the district. Following prominent of fish family are found in the rivers and streams of Kangra district:

Trout

Mahasir

Gid Seviyon

Dise Gugli and

Mirror Carps

The major source of fishery is the Pong Dam,

The small fish were observed only at depressions caused at meandering bend where the water has formed pool in the Chakki Khad. No such fishing spot is available near the leased area or nearby.

40

3.4WATER ENVIRONMENT

The Bari Khad, a tributary of Chaki River flows in the westerly directions, is the small seasonal

rivulet and near the mine site forms the main drainage channel for the area. Chakki River

drains the South-Western part of Himachal Pradesh. The Chakki river rises as a small snow-

fed and rain fed stream from the Southern slopes of the Dhauladhar range. The river enters

Punjab near Pathankot and joins the Beas River.

During the survey samples of water upstream and downstream near the leased area were

collected and analyzed. The ground water level of the study area is not likely to be affected,

because the mining activities shall be carried on river terrace and above water table.

3.4.1 SURFACE WATER QUALITY

As stated above, the mining lease area is located on river terrace of Chaki River.

Requirement of water in the area is mostly met from surface water sources through Chakki

River and dug wells. Drinking water is arranged from River and tube wells existing in the

area and for irrigation purposes, villagers mainly depend on River, tube wells and rainwater.

Water samples were collected & analyzed for ascertaining the water quality status in the

study area during the period of pre monsoon season in 2011, March.

The quality of surface water has been ascertained from the chemical analysis results of water

samples collected from Chakki River up & down streams. Quality of water upstream &

downstream of the mining area in the Chakki River is almost similar. The range of different

chemical constituents in the surface water is given below in table 3.5.

3.4.2 GROUND WATER QUALITY Ground water samples were collected from two locations near mining lease area. The ground

water quality results show that the pH, DO, BOD & COD values found well within the

permissible limit for drinking water (IS: 10500). Water hardness is found in higher side but

below to safe limit of 300 mg/l.

41

TABLE NO.-3.3 SURFACE WATER ANALYSIS RESULTS

S.No. PARAMETER

River Chakki

upstream

River Chakki Down

stream

1. pH Value 7.63 7.73

2. Temperature (Deg. 0C) 22.0 21.4

3. Chloride (as Cl), mg/l, Max. 29 29

4. Nitrate, mg/l, Max. 4.0 4.0

5. Iron (as Fe), mg/l, Max. 0.18 0.10

6. Total Dissolved solids mg/l, Max. 290 248

7. Total Suspended Solids mg/l, Max. 18.5 13.7

8. Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l, max. 4.9 5.9

9. Oil & Grease, mg/l 0.5 0.5

10. Biochemical Oxygen Demand, mg/l

(3 days for 270 C)

8.5 5.4

11. Chemical Oxygen demand, mg/l 14 12

12. Copper (as Cu), mg/l BDL BDL

13. Zinc (as Zn), mg/l. Max. BDL BDL

14. Mercury (as 0.001 Hg) mg/l, Max. BDL BDL

15. Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l, Max. BDL BDL

16. Arsenic (as As), mg/l, max. BDL BDL

17. Cyanide (as CN) mg/l, Max. BDL BDL

18. Lead (as Pb) mg/l, Max. BDL BDL

19. Total Chromium (as Cr), mg/l BDL BDL

20. Selenium (as Se) mg/l, Max. BDL BDL

21. Boron, mg/l 0.09 BDL

22. DO, mg 5.7 5.3

23. Total Hardness (as CaCO3)mg/l 200 178

24. Total Alkalinity, mg/l 95 90

42

TABLE 3.4 GROUND WATER ANALYSIS RESULTS

Parameter Unit Ground Water Sample-I

Bore well

Bari Khad

Ground Water

Samples II

Borewell

Kandwal

pH -- 7.6 7.58

Conductivity uMhos 783