Name: ____________________________ Date: __________________

Mitosis and Asexual Reproduction – Chapter 5

5.1 The Cell Cycle and Mitosis Due to the loss and death of cells ______________________________. How many cells in your body?

• 50-100 million trillion• Every minute your body produces about __________________________________

Three stages in the cell cycle:

1. ____________________: cell carries out normal functions.

2. _______________________: nucleus contents duplicated and divided into two equal parts.

3. _____________________________: separation of two nuclei and cell contents into two daughter cells.

Parts of the Cell Cycle

Interphase Interphase - the _____________________ cell cycle stage (lasts 15 hrs. – months).

• cell performs normal functions and grows. In late interphase, DNA copies itself in the process of _______________________.

__________________________________ involves several steps:

• The DNA molecule ______________ with the help of an _______________.

• New bases pair with the bases on the

______________________ DNA.

• Two new identical DNA molecules are produced.

Now, ___________________the amount of DNA in nucleus _______________________

Late Interphase continued _________________________ is in its ______________________________ form so that DNA can be

copied into ________________ for proteins to be made in preparation for cell division.

At the end of interphase, the cell _________________________________________ and make proteins in preparation for mitosis and cytokinesis.

Chromosomes As the nucleus prepares to divide, replicated DNA in interphase joins

to form _________________________________ joined by a

__________________________.

Mitosis Overview: Mitosis is the shortest stage of the cell cycle where the ________________,

___________________ and two _________________________________ are formed.

It occurs in 4 stages: 1. ___________________________________

2. ___________________________________

3. ___________________________________

4. ___________________________________ Helpful saying to remember the order:

“I picked many apples today.”

Mitosis - Prophase Chromosomes start to coil and become

________________________.

Pairs of _________________________ start to separate.

The ________________________________ disappears.

____________________________________ start to form between the centriole pairs.

Chromosomes move more evenly throughout the nucleus.

Mitosis - Metaphase Centriole pairs move to ____________________________ of

the cell.

Spindle fibers are still attached to the centriole pairs.

Chromosomes _____________________________________

____________________ of the cell and are attached to the spindle fibers.

Mitosis - Anaphase The pair of ____________________________________

at the centromere and move to opposite ends of the spindle.

Now there are ______________________ the number of chromosomes within the cell membrane.

Movement of the chromosomes towards the opposite ends

of the cell membrane is aided by the _________________

____________________________________.

Mitosis - Telophase Nuclear membranes form around the

__________________________________ of chromosomes.

The spindle fiber disappears.

Chromosomes start to uncoil (____________________) and become less visible.

Cell starts to make a groove (_____________________) in the middle to eventually split into two identical cells.

Cytokinesis The division of material ___________ of the nucleus.

Occurs after ______________________.

Divides the organelles and other substances in the cytoplasm into roughly two equal halves.

Animal cells furrow while plant cells form a _____

_____________

# chromosomes in daughter cell _______________ the # chromosomes in parent cell.

Daughter cells are ____________________________ to parent.

Cell Cycle Problems Checkpoints in the cell cycle will prevent cell division if:

1. If the cell is short of _________________________________

2. If the DNA within the nucleus has _________________________________________

3. If the _________________________________________________________

Mutations in genes involving checkpoints can result in an out-of-control cell cycle. The result can be

uncontrolled cell division: _________________________________

• Cancer cells have __________________________________________

• Cancer cells are not specialized, so they _____________________________

• Cancer cells attract blood vessels and grow into _____________________.

• Cells from tumours can break away to other areas of the body