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Mr. Sanin Triyanond Chairman, Thai Biodiesel Producer Association
Palmex Thailand 2013 Maritime Park & Spa Resort, Krabi, Thailand
29th August, 2013
2
Contents
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
• Biodiesel Background in Thailand 1
• Government Policy 2
• Second - Generation Biodiesel 3
• Market Situation 4
• Conclusion 5
3
Contents
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Biodiesel Background in Thailand
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
2005
2007
2010
2011
2013
B2 , B5
B3 , B5
B5
B7 (Plan)
- In 1985, royal initiative project related biodiesel has been firstly established.
- In 2005, biodiesel has been officially implemented across the country.
- In 2008, Thai government has initially established Renewable Energy Development Plan to promote the use of alternative energy
Conventional Diesel + B5
Biodiesel Background in Thailand
Government Policy
5
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Goal : Committed to the development of low-carbon society
Target : 25% of AE in total energy consumption by 2021
AE
Solar & Wind
Hydro Power Plant
Bioenergy New
Energy
Biofuel
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Government Policy - AEDP
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) 2012-2021
Source: Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficient
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) 2012-2021
7
Ethanol
Biodiesel
New Fuel for Diesel Substitute
Biofuel
New Fuel for Diesel Substitute
25 ML/D
New Energy Feedstock Development (Jatropha, Algae)
Use of ethanol for blending to substitute diesel (FAEE, ED95, Diesohol)
Development of oil conversion technology (BHD, BTL)
Supply • Promote growing palm trees in appropriate area (non-food crop area)
Biodiesel
6 ML/D
Demand • Manage blending ratio according to domestic CPO production • Pilot project of using B10 or B20 in fleet trucks or proper fishery boats • Develop FAME standard to 7% blending ratio in diesel
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Government Policy - AEDP
Source: Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficient
Plan Expected Outcome Phase I Phase II
R&D Plan
• Clear and proper information of new biofuel development leading to policy decision making • Preparation on pilot projects & commercialize of new biofuels
Pilot Project & Fleet Test
• Pilot projects • Fleet test on new biofuels • Decision making on investment of new feasible biofuel
Commercialization
• Commercialization with capacity of 2 ML/D in 2018 • Increase the capacity to 25 ML/D in 2021
ED95 Diesohol
FAEE, BHD
Algae, BTL, Jatropha
2014
2015
2016
2014 – 2016 Pilot Project: ED95/ Diesohol/ FAEE
2015 – 2017 Pilot Project: Algae, Jatropha
2015 – 2017 Pilot Project: BioJet, BHD
Commercialization (ML/D)
2018 2019 2020 2021
2 6 15 25
Source: Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficient 8
Action Plan of New Fuel for Diesel Substitute Thailand’s AEDP, 2012 - 2021
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Government Policy - AEDP
9
Latest from Alternative Energy Development Plan ‘12– ‘21
algae oil palm eucalyptus
jatropha
Targeted Feedstock for FAME and BHD Targeted Feedstock for BTL
2013 2014 2017 2021
FAME ~2.8 ML/D FAME ~3.4 ML/D FAME ~4.2 ML/D
BHD ~2.0 ML/D
FAME ~6 ML/D
NFDS ~3 ML/D ?? NFDS : New Fuel for Diesel Substitute
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Government Policy - AEDP
10
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Government Policy – B100 Spec Parameter Unit Current Spec Requested by JAMA
1 Purity % wt. 96.5 min 96.5 min 2 Density @ 15 ºC kg/m3 860-900 860-900 3 Kinematic Viscosity@ 40 ºC mm2/s 3.5-5.0 3.5-5.0 4 Flash Point, (P.M.) ºC 120 min 120 min 5 Sulphur Content mg/kg 10.0 max 10.0 max 6 Carbon Residue % wt. 0.30 max 0.30 max 7 Cetane Number - 51 min 51 min 8 Sulphated Ash % wt. 0.02 max 0.02 max
9 Water Content % wt. 0.05 max 0.02 max 10 Total Contaminate % wt. 0.0024 max 0.0024 max 11 Copper Strip Corrosion 3hrs. @ 50 ºC No.1 max No. 1 max 12 Oxidation stability @ 110 ºC Hr 10 min 6 min 13 Acid Value mg KOH/g 0.5 max 0.5 max 14 Iodine Value g l2/100 g 120 max 120 max 15 Linolenic Acid Methyl Ester % wt. 12.0 max 12.0 max
16 Polyunsaturated (>= 4 Double bonds) Methylester % wt. - 1.0 max 17 Methanol % wt. 0.2 max 0.2 max
18 Monoglyceride % wt. 0.80 max 0.70 max 19 Diglyceride % wt. 0.20 max 0.20 max 20 Triglyceride % wt. 0.20 max 0.20 max 21 Free Glycerin % wt. 0.20 max 0.02 max 22 Total Glycerin % wt. 0.25 max 0.25 max
23 Phosphorus mg/kg 10 max 4 max 24 Sodium plus Potassium mg/kg 5.0 max 5.0 max 25 Calcium plus Magnesium mg/kg 5.0 max 5.0 max 26 BHT - - Added 27 CFPP ºC - Report
Second-Generation Biodiesel
11
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Biomass to Liquid (BTL / BtL / BMtL)
: A multi-step process which produces liquid biofuels with diesel-range hydrocarbons from biomass
: Two major steps: Gasification / Fischer-Tropsch
: On average, about 640 ltr/rai (4,000 ltr/hectares) of BTL can be produced
: Potential Feedstock:
- Waste ex. rice straw, wood chip from furniture business, etc.
- Fast growing plant plantation ex. Eucalyptus, Wattle, etc.
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
2nd-Generation Biodiesel - BTL
Source: http://newenergyandfuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/choren-gasification-to-fuel-process.jpg
Sample of BTL process by former Choren
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
2nd-Generation Biodiesel - BTL
BTL : Sample – Choren Industrietechnik GmbH
- Location: Freiberg, Germany
- Installed Capacity: 15,000 TPA
- Technology: Carbo-V®
- Investment: EUR 800 Million (for 200 kTPA)
Choren’s Milestone
1998: Pilot plant completed
2003: Scale-up plant started
2005: Shell FT dropped in
2009: Shell sold share to Volkswagen, Diamler and some investors
2011: Filed for bankruptcy
2012: Sold to Linde Engineering Dresden
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
2nd-Generation Biodiesel - BTL
Biohydrogenated Diesel (BHD / HVO / HBD / HDO)
: Production of renewable diesel from fat or oil through hydrodeoxygenation
reaction at high temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalyst
: Two major steps: Hydrogenation / Hydrodeoxygenation
: Increasing number of BHD patents filed around the world
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
2nd-Generation Biodiesel - BHD
FAME VS BHD
OIL or FAT
Transesterification
Process
Hydrodeoxygenation
Process
FAME
BHD
Glycerol
Propane
Water
CO2 / CO
+
+Alcohol
Catalyst
Hydrogen
Catalyst
Operate under low temp & pressure
Operate under high temp & pressure
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
2nd-Generation Biodiesel - BHD
BHD : Sample – Neste Oil Singapore PTE
- Location: Singapore (one out of 4 sites)
- Installed Capacity: 800,000 TPA
- Technology: NExBTL
- Investment: EUR 500 Million
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
2nd-Generation Biodiesel - BHD
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
2nd-Generation Biodiesel – BHD vs Diesel Spec No Parameters Units NExBTL EN590 Thailand Diesel Spec. 1 Density at 15°C g/cm³ 0.77 – 0.79 0.82 - 0.845 - 2 Specific gravity at 15.6 °C g/cm³ - - 0.81 - 0.87 3 Cetane number - 70 min 51 min 50 min 4 Viscosity at 40°C cSt 2.0 – 4.0 2.0 - 4.5 1.8 - 4.1 5 Sulphur content mg/kg 5 max 10 max 50 max 6 Copper strip corrosion (3h/50°C) rating Class 1 Class 1 Class 1 7 Oxidation stability (hrs;110°C) g/m3 25 max 25 max 25 max 8 Carbon residue %wt - - 0.05 max
Carbon residue (on 10% distillation residue) %wt 0.10 max 0.30 max - 9 Water and Sediment %vol - - 0.05 max 10 Water content mg/kg 200 max 200 max - 11 Total contamination mg/kg 10 max 24 max - 12 Ash %wt 0.001 max 0.01 max 0.01 max 13 Flash point °C 61 min 55 min 52 min 14 Distillation Temperature
- 90%v/v recovered °C - - 357 max - 95%v/v recovered °C 320 360 max -
15 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs) %wt 0.1 max 8.0 max 11.0 max 16 Lubricity, Wear Scar Diameter (wsd 1.4) at 60 °C m 650 460 max 460 max
17 Cloud Point and CFPP °C -5 / - 15/ -22 /-34
CP as agreed, report only for CFPP
- -
Source : Neste Oil : NExBTL Renewable Diesel Product Information, - Department of Energy Business, - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EN_590
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
2nd-Generation Biodiesel - BHD
1. Government Policy
2. Feedstock (availability and consistency)
3. Hydrogen Sourcing (availability and cost)
4. Technology
5. AEC
Key Issues
Market Situation
20
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
-
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Quantity (Ton/Y)
CPO Production : 2008 - 2021
Source : 2008 – 2012 : http://agri.dit.go.th , 2013 – 2021 : Forecasted by Office of Agricultural Economics from a meeting of working committee on BHD 2/2013
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Market Situation – CPO Production
Prediction Actual
CPO Stock vs. Domestic Demand, Jan 2010 – May 2013
Source: Department of Internal Trade 22
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
Quan
tity
(MT)
Demand for Edible Oil (MT/M)
Demand for Biodiesel (MT/M)
Stock CPOequivalent (MT/M)
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Market Situation – Stock Management
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Market Situation – Diesel Demand
Hi Speed Diesel Consumption, 2009 – 2013
44.0
46.0
48.0
50.0
52.0
54.0
56.0
58.0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Dies
el V
ol (M
L/D)
49.7
51.4
54.7
57.8*
49.6
Note : *Forecasted by EPPO
Source: Department of Energy Business 24
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
B100
Con
sum
ptio
n (M
L/D)
B5
B4
B3
B2
B100 Consumption, Jan 2009 – Mar 2013
1.5 ML/D 2.4 ML/D 1.7 ML/D 1.6 ML/D
1st May 2011, Single Grade Biodiesel
2.8 ML/D
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Market Situation – B100 Demand
Assumption B100 consumption based on data of diesel consumption predicted by EPPO and B7 policy implemented from Jan 2014 onwards
B100 Consumption (Prediction) ’13 – ’21
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
B100 Volume (ML/D)
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Market Situation – B100 Demand
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Market Situation – Brent Crude Oil Price Vs Domestic B100 Price
20
40
60
80
100
120
140 Price
Brent Crude Oil Price (USD/Barrel)
B100 Price (THB/Litre)
Brent Crude Oil Price Vs Domestic B100 Price
Source : http://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_pri_spt_s1_d.htm, http://www.eppo.go.th/petro/
Biodiesel Feedstock Consumption 2010 - 2021
-
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Cons
umpt
ion
(T/Y
)
CPO
RPS
PFAD
Prediction Actual
Source : Figures in 2010 - 2012 from Department of Internal Trade
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Market Situation – Feedstock Consumption
28
Contents
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Conclusion
1. Biodiesel has been around for years
2. Government has and will push biodiesel policy consistently
3. Solid development plan (AEDP) has been set
4. New generation of biofuels especially BHD/BTL is hope
5. Apparently, big investment for BHD/BTL is required
6. CPO production and diesel/biodiesel consumption are growing
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Conclusion
THANK YOU
30
http://www.energytrendsinsider.com/2011/07/08/what-happened-at-choren/ http://newenergyandfuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/choren-gasification-to-fuel-process http://www.biofuelstp.eu/btl.html www.bioenergywiki.net/Biomass-to-liquids http://bta.excise.go.th/admin/upload_km/3020.pdf http://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/39385/PDF http://www.nesteoil.com/default.asp?path=1,41,537,2397,14090
- Updates on Thailand’s Biodiesel Industry -
Reference Sites