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Mr. Monson’s Science Class
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
All matter takes up space
Amount of space taken up is the object’s Volume
Liters (L) & milliliters (mL) are the units used most to express liquid volume
Liquid from a raindrop to an entire ocean can be expressed in these units
Graduated Cylinder is used to measure liquid volume
Surface of any liquid is curved
Curved surface is called MENISCUS
To measure volume of most liquids including water . . .
Use the bottom of the meniscus
Meniscus in larger containers look flat – harder to see
Volume of regularly shaped object is always expressed in cubic units
Cubic means: having 3 dimensions
In Science they measure in:
cubic meters (m3) or cubic centimeters
(cm3)
Which unit would you measure large objects?
To find the volume of a cube or rectangle use the following formula:
Volume = length X width X height V = l X w x h
Formula for a cube won’t find accurate volume for irregular shaped objects
Can measure the volume by using water displacement for measurement
*** Remember 1 cm3 = 1mL ***
Express the displacement of the solid in cm3 only
Solids are never, ever never expressed in LL or mL
• example: the rock displaced 80 mL of water so its volume is 80 cm3
Mass – the amount of matter in an object• Example:
Human and a peanut
Both made of matter
But the human is larger and therefore has more mass
Mass is the same no matter where in the universe you are
Only way to change the mass is to change the amount of matter making up an object
The ability of an object to resist change in motion.
Which of the two Below has more inertia?
The more mass an object has the harder it is to change motion.
Which of the two would be harder to move?
Can be observed/measured without having to change the matters identity.
Physical Properties help identify Matter?• How can you tell if you socks are clean?• How can you tell the difference between an
apple and an orange?• How can you tell if the stove is on?
Relationship between Mass and Volume• Volume= matter in a given space
Something will be more Dense if it has more Volume in a given Space
• Which of the two is more dense?
Density Affects Liquids.• If two liquids are put in the same glass. The
Denser Liquid will go to the bottom and the less dense liquid will settle on top.
http://www.sciencewithmrmilstid.com/wpcontent/uploads/liquiddensity.jpg
Density (D) is equal to an objects Mass (M)g divided by its Volume (V) cm3
• D=M /V
• So if an Objects Mass is 8g and its Volume is 2 cm3
D=8g/2 cm3
So D=4 g/cm3
Now you try one an objects Mass is 12 g and its Volume is 3 cm3. What is its Density?
Each substance has a different Density.
Substance
Density
Silver 7.13 g/cm3
Water 1 g/cm3
Lead 11.35 g/cm3
Change affects physical Properties but does not change the substance itself
Describe Matter on its ability to change into new matter. Two common Chemical Properties are:• Flammability=Ability of Substance to Burn• Reactivity = ability of two or more substances
to combine and form new substances
Properties, either Physical or Chemical, that Never Change. Examples:
When one or more substances are changed into something new
Chemical properties of a substance foreshadow when a change will occur.
Change in Odor Fizzing or Foaming Sound or light being giving off Production of Heat
It is very difficult to reverse a Chemical Change
• Has to be done by a series of Chemical Changes.
If it has been a Chemical Change the composition of the substance will have changed.
Physical Changes are easier to reverse because there was no change in composition
Chemical Changes are harder to reverse because of changes in composition.
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http://www.sxc.hu/pic/m/h/hu/huibidos/1093986_fire_flames.jpg 10/06/09 http://yourkidmatters.com/images/glow-sticks.jpg 10/06/09 http://people.bath.ac.uk/ch3mw/photo3.gif 10/06/09 http://morrisonlabs.com/images/volumexamples/meniscus1.jpg 10/06/09 http://www-personal.umich.edu/~kubarych/Kubarych_Group/
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che00463c05.gif 10/06/09 http://www.travelphoto.net/photos/pictures/australia/i30.jpg 10/06/09 http://www.sciencewithmrmilstid.com/wpcontent/uploads/liquiddensity.jpg
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