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SIX SEMESTER

MICROPROCESSOR BASED SYSTEMS

BASIC ELECTRICAL LAB

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Prepared By: Checked By: Approved By:

Engr. Zubair Khalid Engr. M.Nasim Khan Dr.Noman Jafri

Lecturer (Lab) Electrical, Senior Lab Engineer Electrical, Dean,

FUUAST-Islamabad FUUAST-Islamabad FUUAST-Islamabad

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List of Experiments Microprocessor Based Systems

S

NO.

TOPIC OF EXPERIMENT

1. Introduction to 89S52 & led interfacing

2. Blinking LED in different formations

3. 7-segment interfacing and programming

4. Dot matrix led control5. Single phase stepper motor control

6. Photo interrupter control

7. 8051 programming in c

8. 8051 interrupt programming

9. Timer mode programming

10. Pulse counter

11. Speaker control

12. LCD interfacing and programming

13. Introduction to 8086 based microprocessor trainer (ipc-8603)

14. Command description of examine byte, examine word, examine register.

15. Examining and modifying a register, examining a series of registers, the go

(go) command, transferring control to the sample program, entering and

executing a breakpoint in the program

16. Semester project

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Lab: 1Introduction to 89S52 & LED Interfacing

Features

4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz

256 x 8-bit Internal RAM

Three 16-bit Timer/Counters Fast Programming Time

Flexible ISP Programming

Pin Configurations

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Block Diagram

LEDCode

ORG 000H

Next: MOV A,#11111111B

MOV P2,A

JMP Next

end

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LAB 2:

Blinking LEDs In Different Formations

Objective:

1. Make basic circuitry to run a microcontroller.

2. Interfacing LEDs with 89S51 microcontroller.

3. Microcontroller programming in C.

4. Writing hex code to the microcontroller.

5. Running a simple program to blink set of LEDs.

6. Interfacing Microcontroller trainer.

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C code

#include #include void wait (void){unsigned int x;

for(x=0;x

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while (1) /* Loop forever */{for (j=0x01; j< 0x80; j

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Assembly Programming Code

ORG 000HMOV A,#00000001B

NEXT_R:RR AMOV P2,ACALL DELAYCJNE A,#01H,NEXT_R

NEXT_L:RL AMOV P2,ACALL DELAYCJNE A,#80H,NEXT_L

JMP NEXT_R;==============================; DELAY 0.1S;==============================DELAY:

MOV R6,#200DL1:

MOV R7,#249DJNZ R7,$DJNZ R6,DL1RETEND

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BLINK TWO LEDs MOVE IN WORD FROM RIGHT AND LEFT

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LAB 3

7-Segment Interfacing and Programming

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Seven Segment Display in assembly

UPCounter

ORG 000H

MOV A,#00H

NEXT:

MOV P2,A

CALL DELAY

ADD A,#1

DA A

JMP NEXT

;==============================

; DELAY 0.5S

;==============================

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DL1:

MOV R7,#249

DJNZ R7,$

DJNZ R6,DL1

DJNZ R5,DL2

RET

END

MAKEUPDOWNCOUNTER

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DELAY:MOV R6,#200

DL1:MOV

R7,#249

DJNZ R7,$DJNZ R6,DL1RETEND

Assembly code for Static word A.

ORG 000H

CLR P1.7

START:

MOV DPTR,#TABLE

MOV R2,#10000000B

MOV R1,#0

NEXT:

MOV A,R1

MOVC A,@A+DPTR

MOV P2,A

MOV A,R2

MOV P0,A

CALL DELAY

RR A

MOV R2,A

INC R1

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CJNE R1,#5,NEXT

JMP START

;==============================

;DELAY5mS

;==============================

DELAY:

MOV R6,#10

DL1:

MOV R7,#249

DJNZ R7,$

DJNZ R6,DL1

RET

;==============================

TABLE:

DB

3EH,48H,88H,48H,3EH

END

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Write Assembly code for X.

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Lab 5

SINGLE PHASE STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL.

A stepper motor is a motor controlled by a series of electromagnetic coils. The center shaft has a series of

magnets mounted on it, and the coils surrounding the shaft are alternately given current or not, creating

magnetic fields which repulse or attract the magnets on the shaft, causing the motor to rotate.

This design allows for very precise control of the motor: by proper pulsing, it can be turned in very

accurate steps of set degree increments (for example, two-degree increments, half-degree increments,

etc.). They are used in printers, disk drives, and other devices where precise positioning of the motor is

necessary.

STEPPERMOTOR

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AssemblyCodeFor2 phase

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Lab 6

PHOTO INTERRUPTER CONTROL.

Photointerrupters are transmission type sensors incorporating an infrared LED and a

photosensor in the same package. Photointerrupters detect an object when it interrupts the

light beam emitted from the LED. Phototransistors, or digital output photo ICs, can be

selected as the photosensor.

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Assembly Code For Photointerrupter

Stepper motor control through photointerrupter changes the direction from CCW to CW.

ORG 000HMOV A,#00110011B

TEST:JBP3.4,TURNRRL AMOV P2,ACALL DELAYJMP TEST

TURNR:RR AMOV P2,ACALL DELAYJMP TEST

DELAY:MOV R6,#20

DL1:MOV R7,#249DJNZ R7,$DJNZ R6,DL1RETEND

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Control LEDs Using Photo Interrupter

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Lab 7

8051 PROGRAMMING IN C

AccessingaPinofPort#includesbitMYBIT=P1^0;voidmain(void){unsignedintz;for(z=0;z

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}}GettingInputFromPortsPin

#includesbitmybit=P1^5;voidmain(void){mybit=1;//makemybitaninputwhile(1){if(mybit==1)P0=0x55;elseP2=0xAA;}}

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UsingFunctionsInC

#includevoidMSDelay(unsignedint);voidmain(void){while(1)//repeatforever{P1=0x55;MSDelay(2);P1=0xAA;MSDelay(2);}}voidMSDelay(unsignedintitime){unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i

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Control Stepper Motor in C Single Phase

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Control Stepper Motor in C Dual Phase

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Lab 8

8051 INTERRUPT PROGRAMMING

Interrupt is some event which interrupts normal program execution.

Program flow is always sequential, being altered only by those instructions which expresslycause program flow to deviate in some way. However, interrupts give us a mechanism to "put onhold" the normal program flow, execute a subroutine, and then resume normal program flow as ifwe had never left it. This subroutine, called an interrupt handler, is only executed when a certainevent (interrupt) occurs.

We need to be able to distinguish between various interrupts and executing different codedepending on what interrupt was triggered. This is accomplished by jumping to a fixed addresswhen a given interrupt occurs.

By default at power up, all interrupts are disabled. The 8051 will not execute the interrupt. Yourprogram must specifically tell the 8051 that it wishes to enable interrupts and specifically whichinterrupts it wishes to enable. Your program may enable and disable interrupts by modifying theIE.

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Assembly Code for Interrupt

ORG 000HJMP MAINORG 013HJMP INT1ORG 100H

MAIN:MOV IE,#10000100BSETB IT1MOV A,#00110011B

NEXT:MOV P2,ACALL DELAYRR AJMP NEXT

;============================== INT1:

CLR EAPUSH 6PUSH 7MOV R0,#200

NEXT_LMOV P2,ACALL DELAYRL ADJNZ R0,NEXT_L

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POP 7POP 6

SETB EARETI

;============================== ;DELAY10mS;============================== DELAY:

MOV R6,#20DL1:

MOV R7,#249DJNZ R7,$DJNZ R6,DL1RET

END

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Write code using Interrupt 0

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Lab 9

Timer Mode Programming

TMOD(Timer Mode)The TMOD SFR is used to control the mode of operation of both timers. Each bit of the SFRgives the microcontroller specific information concerning how to run a timer. The high four bits(bits 4 through 7) relate to Timer 1 whereas the low four bits (bits 0 through 3) perform the exactsame functions, but for timer 0. The individual bits of TMOD have the following functions:

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SIMPLE TIMER

ORG 000H

MOV TMOD,#01 ;Timer 0, mode 1(16-bit mode)HERE:MOV TL0,#0F2H ;TL0=F2H, the low byteMOV TH0,#0FFH ;TH0=FFH, the high byteCPL P1.5 ;toggle P1.5ACALL DELAYSJMP HEREDELAY:SETB TR0 ;start the timer 0AGAIN: JNB TF0,AGAIN ;monitor timer flag 0

;until it rolls over

CLR TR0 ;stop timer 0CLR TF0 ;clear timer 0 flagRETEND

TIMER AUTO- RELOAD

ORG 000HMOV TMOD,#002H ;Timer 0, mode 1(16-bit mode)

MOV TL0,#0F2H ;TL0=F2H, the low byteMOV TH0,#0FEH ;TH0=FFH, the high byteHERE:CPL P1.5 ;toggle P1.5ACALL DELAYSJMP HERE

DELAY:SETB TR0 ;start the timer 0AGAIN: JNB TF0,AGAIN ;monitor timer flag 0;until it rolls overCLR TR0 ;stop timer 0

CLR TF0 ;clear timer 0 flagRETEND

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CALCULATING TIME

ORG 000HCLR P2.3 ;Clear P2.3

MOV TMOD,#01 ;Timer 0, 16-bitmodeHERE: MOV TL0,#3EH ;TL0=3Eh, the low byteMOV TH0,#0B8H ;TH0=B8H, the high byteSETB P2.3 ;SET high timer 0SETB TR0 ;Start the timer 0AGAIN: JNB TF0,AGAIN ;Monitor timer flag 0CLR TR0 ;Stop the timer 0CLR TF0 ;Clear TF0 for next roundEND

1/12 X 11.0529921075 HzT=1/F = 1.0856s

(FFFFH B83E + 1) = 47C2H = 18370In decimal and 18370

18370 1.085 us = 19.93145 ms

USING TIMERS IN C

#include sbit SPEAKER = P1^7;void main(void){TMOD = 0x10; /* Timer 1, mode 1 (16 BIT )counter */while(1){TL1 = 0x1A; /* initial values */TH1 = 0xFF;TR1 = 1;

// Start Timer 1while(!TF1){}TR1 = 0; // Stop Timer 1;TF1 = 0; // TF1 = Timer 1 Overflow. This bit is set by the}}

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USING TIMER AS COUNTER

#include void main(void)

{TMOD = 0x50; /* Timer 1, mode 1 (16 BIT )counter *//* GATE1=0; C/T1 =1; M10=0; M00=1; *//* TMOD.7 = GATE1 = When this bit is set the timer will only runwhen INT1 (P3.3) is high. When this bit isclear the timer will run regardless of the state of INT1.TMOD.6 C/T1 = When this bit is set the timer will count eventson T1 (P3.5). When this bit is clear the timerwill be incremented every machine cycle.So An Event Occures when we connect P3.5 to ground

*/

//P3^5=1;TL1 = 0x00; /* initial values */TH1 = 0x00;while(1){TR1 = 1; // Start Timer 1;while(!TF1){P0=TL1; // 0XDF = 1101 1111}TR1 = 0; // Stop Timer 1;TF1 = 0; // TF1 = Timer 1 Overflow. This bit is set by the

// microcontroller when Timer 1 overflows.}}

INTERRUPT CONTROLLED COUNTER

#include void main(void){TMOD = 0xD0; /* Timer 1, mode 1 (16 BIT )counter */

/* GATE1=0; C/T1 =1; M10=0; M00=1; *//* TMOD.7 = GATE1 = When this bit is set the timer will only runwhen INT1 (P3.3) is high. When this bit isclear the timer will run regardless of the state of INT1.TMOD.6 C/T1 = When this bit is set the timer will count eventson T1 (P3.5). When this bit is clear the timerwill be incremented every machine cycle.So An Event Occures when we connect P3.5 to ground

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Write Code For Shortest Delay

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Convert All Assembly Codes To C

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Lab 10

PULSE COUNTER.

A pulse counter could be divided in three parts. The first part is a pulses source. The

second unit is microcontroller which counts, memorizes states and prepares results.

Finally, the third part is a converter of electrical states into states available to our senses

i.e. seven segment display .

Photointerrupters are transmission type sensors incorporating an infrared LED and a

photosensor in the same package. Photointerrupters detect an object when it interrupts the

light beam emitted from the LED. Phototransistors, or digital output photo ICs, can be

selected as the photosensor. And this sensor is widely used as a counter. The control

mechanism is designed to count the number of times the path is broken.

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Assembly Code For Pulse Counter

ORG 000HMOV A,#0MOV P2,#0

NEXT:JB P3.4,$

ADD A,#1DA AMOV P2,A

JNB P3.4,$

JMP NEXT

END

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Lab 11

SPEAKER CONTROL.

The most common type of speaker is the MOVING COIL speaker, where a coil of wire is

suspended in the magnetic field of a circular magnet. When a speech current is passed through

the coil a varying magnetic field is generated by the coil.

The two magnetic fields interact causing movement of the coil. The movement of the coil causes

a cone, which is attached to the coil, to move back and forth. This compresses and decompresses

the air thereby generating sound waves.

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Assembly Code For SpeakerORG 000H

START:

MOV R0,#5

NEXT2:

MOV R1,#100

NEXT1:

SETB P3.7

CALL DELAY

CLR P3.7

CALL DELAY

DJNZ R1,NEXT1

DJNZ R0,NEXT2

CALL DL05S

JMP START

; DELAY 0.5mS

DELAY:

MOV R7,#249

DJNZ R7,$

RET

; DELAY 0.5S

DL05S:

MOV R5,#5

DL2:

MOV R6,#200

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DL1:

MOV R7,#249

DJNZ R7,$

DJNZ R6,DL1

DJNZ R5,DL2

RET

END

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LCD Types Character Locations

Assembly Programming Code

ORG 00

MOV A,#38H ;COMMAND FOR LCD

ACALL COMNWRT ;ROUTINE FOR SENDING COMMANDS TO LCD

ACALL DELAY ;DELAY TIME ROUTINE

MOV A,#38H

ACALL COMNWRT

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ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#0EH ;COMMAND FOR DISPLAY ON & CURSOR BLINKING

ACALL COMNWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#01H ;COMMAND FOR CLEAR DISPLAY SCREEN

ACALL COMNWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#06H ;COMMAND FOR SHIFT CURSOR TO RIGHT

ACALL COMNWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#83H ;FORCE CURSOR TO BEGINNING OF IST LINE

ACALL COMNWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'W' ;DATA TO WRITE ON LCD

ACALL DATAWRT ;ROUTINE FOR WRITING DATA ON LCD

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'E'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'L'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'L'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#' '

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'C'

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ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'O'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'M'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'E'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#' '

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'I'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'.'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'P'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'.'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

MOV A,#'C'

ACALL DATAWRT

ACALL DELAY

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SJMP $

COMNWRT:

MOV P1,A

CLR P3.7 ;PIN RS=0

NOP

CLR P3.6 ;PIN READ/WRITE=0

SETB P3.5 ;PIN ENABLE=1

NOP

CLR P3.5 ;PIN ENABLE=0

NOP

RET

DATAWRT:

MOV P1,A

SETB P3.7 ;PIN RS=1

NOP

CLR P3.6 ;PIN READ,WRITE=0

SETB P3.5 ;PIN ENABLE=1

NOP

CLR P3.5 ;PIN ENABLE=0

NOP

RET

DELAY:

MOV R0,#255

DJNZ R0,$

RET

END

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Lab: 13

INTRODUCTION TO 8086 BASED MICROPROCESSOR TRAINER(IPC-8603)

SYSTEM INTRODUCTION

IPC-8603 is a single board MICROPROCESSOR TRAINING/DEVELOPMENT KITconfigured around the INTELs 16 bit Microprocessor 8086. The system can operate ateither 4.9 MHz or 2.45 MHz .

MEMORY IPC-8603 provides 16K Bytes of EPROM loaded with monitor and 16K bytes of

CMOS RAM.

EPROM : 32K RAM : 32K

Total Memory = 64K

INPUT/OUTPUT Parallel : 72 I/O lines using 3 nos. of 8255 Serial : RS-232-C (Main). TIMER/COUNTER : Three 16 bit Timer/Counter through 8253.

Keyboard & Display : 25 keys and 8 Seven Segment display.

BUS : All address, data and control signals (TTL Compatible) Interrupt : 8259A , 8 user Interrupt.

Physical Size : 299mm x 180mm.

Power Supply : 5V, 1.2 Amps for kit, 12V.

Operating Temp. : 0 to 50

IC 82798279 is a general purpose programmable keyboard and display I/O interfacedevice designed for use with the 8086 microprocessor. It provides a scannedinterface to 28 contact key matrix provided in IPC-8603 and scanned displays.

82558255 is a programmable peripheral interface (PPI) designed to use with 8086

Microprocessor. This basically acts as a general purpose I/O component tointerface peripheral equipments to the system bus.

8253This chip is a programmable interval timer/counter and can be used for thegeneration of accurate time delays under software control. Various other functionsthat can be implemented with this chip are programmable rate generator.Event Counter, Binary rate multiplier, real time clock etc. This chip has got three

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independent 16 bit counters each having a count rate of up to 2 MHz.

8251

This chip is a programmable communication interface and is used as a peripheral

device. This device accepts data characters from the CPU in parallel formand then converts them into a continuous serial data stream for transmission.Simultaneously it can receive serial data stream and converts them into paralleldata characters for the CPU. This chip will signal the CPU whenever it canaccept a new character for transmission or whenever it has received a characterfor the CPU. The CPU can read the complete status of it at any time. 8251 hasbeen utilized in IPC-8603 for Main/Aux. RS-232-C interface and 20mA currentloop.

INTERFACES

KEYBOARD DESCRIPTIONThe IPC-8603 has 25 keys and eight seven segment displays to communicatewith outside world. As the power is turned on and Reset key is pressed, amessage -UP 86 is displayed on the display and all the keys are in commandmode. The keyboard is shown below.

HEXADECIMAL DISPLAY CHARACTERS

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FUNCTION KEY OPERATION

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COMMAND DESCRIPTION

The various commands that can be executed by the monitor are listed below

EXAMINE BYTE EXAMINE WORD

EXAMINE REGISTER INPUT BYTE INPUT WORD

OUTPUT BYTE

OUTPUT WORD GO

MOVE

STEP

INSERT

DELETE

FILL

BLANK CHECK

VERIFY

LIST

PROGRAM/DUPLICATE

EXAMINE BYTE

EXAMINE WORD

Examine a Series of Memory Byte Locations Relative to the CS Register.

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Lab: 15

EXAMINING AND MODIFYING A REGISTER, EXAMINING A SERIES OFREGISTERS, THE GO (GO) COMMAND, TRANSFERRING CONTROL TO

THE SAMPLE PROGRAM, ENTERING AND EXECUTING A BREAKPOINTIN THE PROGRAM.

Examining and Modifying a Register.

Examining a Series of Registers.

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GO

Function

The Go (Go) command is used to transfer control of the 8086 from the keypad

monitor program to a users program in memory.

Transferring Control to the Sample Program.

Entering and Executing a Breakpoint in the program.

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EPROM PROGRAMMER

IPC-8603 provides onboard EPROM PROGRAMMER for the 2764/27128/27256 EPROMS.

BLANK CHECK

Blank check command is used to check the EPROM placed in the ZIF (Zero Insertion Force)socket for blank.

1) The starting address of the EPROM from where the blank check should start.

2) The End address of the EPROM till where the system should check for blank.

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Lab 16

Project Proposal

Documents

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