Mp 3 Steg on Ography

7/29/2019 Mp 3 Steg on Ography

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MP3 Stegonography

Lukasz Grzegorz MaciakMicheal Alexis Ponniah

Renu Sharma


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Project Goal

Implement a method to embedtextual data into audio files usingstegonography

Embed lyrics into mp3 files

Extract lyrics from an mp3

Display the lyrics while the song isplaying


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Why MP3 Files?

Open Standard (as opposed to

proprietary WMA) Very Popular

Preferred by end users

Easily Available


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FEATURES OF MP3

Designed to store audio data

Its a compressed file format

Its lossy data format meaning thatoriginal audio signal is not retained inits entirety.

Aims to preserve the sound qualitywhile minimizing storage space.


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BASICS OF MP3 ENCODING

Takes into account the properties ofHAS(Human auditory system)

Discards any sounds with frequenciesout of the audible scale.

Mp3 stores only a single copy ofgroup of similar sounding notes.


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MP3 Encoding

Fragmentation: The size of the framedepends on the audio resolution or bit

rate. Perceptual Optimization: Each frame

is analyzed so that frequencies that

are not audible are discarded. Huffman Compression

Appending Header meta-data


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MP3 Encoding


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MP3 File Structure


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MP3 Frame Headers


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MP3 Frame Headers

Position Purpose Length

A Frame sync 11

B MPEG audio version (MPEG-1, 2, etc.) 2

C MPEG layer (Layer I, II, III, etc.) 2

D Protection (if on, then checksum follows header) 1

E Bitrate index (lookup table used to specify bitrate for this MPEG version and layer) 4

F Sampling rate frequency (44.1kHz, etc., determined by lookup table) 2

G Padding bit (on or off, compensates for unfilled frames) 1

H Private bit (on or off, allows for application-specific triggers) 1

I Channel mode (stereo, joint stereo, dual channel, single channel) 2

J Mode extension (used only with joint stereo, to conjoin channel data) 2

K Copyright (on or off) 1

L Original (off if copy of original, on if original) 1

M Emphasis (respects emphasis bit in the original recording; now largely obsolete) 2


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MP3 Frame Length


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Embedding Text into MP3 Files

Non-Stegonographic methods

Encode time mp3 stegonography

Post encoding mp3 stegonography


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Non Stegonographic Methods

ID3v2 Comment Frame

Lyrics3 Specification (ID3 extension)


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Flaws of Non-Stego Methods

Increase in File Size

Not applicable to this project


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Encode Time Stegonography

Low Bit Encoding

Phase Coding

Spread Spectrum Coding

Echo Data Hiding


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Flaws of Encode Time Stego

Difficult to implement

Tied to single implementation of mp3encoder/decoder

Require access to source wav files


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Post Encoding Stegonography

Unused Header Bit Stuffing

Padding Byte Stuffing


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Why Post Encode Stego?

Easy to implement

Do not require source WAV files Can be used with an of the shelf

encoder

No sound quality degradation


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Implementation Choices

Implemented in Java

Stegonographic Method:Padding Byte Stuffing

Stegonographic Module asstand alone application


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Stegonographic Module: Design


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Flow of Control


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LZW Compression


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StegIO - Writing

calculate the length of themessage in bytes

prepend the length to themessage

put themessage on a byte queue

while(there are still bytes to be written){

Header = read4 bytes from the file

if(Headeris_valid&&contains padding byte)

{

seek to the end of frame

pop the byte from the queue

write the popped byte into file

}

}


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StegIO - Reading

length = integer > 4

counter = 0

while (counter


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Stegonographic Module: Usage

To Embed text:

java jar mp3stego.jar mp3_file.mp3 text_file.txt

To Extract text:

java

jar mp3stego.jar mp3_file.mp3


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Stegonographic Module: Comments& Future Work

Padding Byte Stuffing problematic

Data Corruption


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Java and MP3

Java Sound API

Java Media Framework


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MP3 Player Implementation

Used an open source java playercalled Java MP3 player.

http://www.codetoad.com/java_mp3_player.asp
http://www.codetoad.com/java_mp3_player.asphttp://www.codetoad.com/java_mp3_player.asphttp://www.codetoad.com/java_mp3_player.asphttp://www.codetoad.com/java_mp3_player.asp


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Text & Music Synchronization

Line starts with time offset

Followed pipe character | Followed by the lyric text

Line ends with a new line ( \n)

File terminates in hash mark ( #)


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Future Work

Implementation using Unused HeaderBit Stuffing

Automating Lyrics Markup andSynchronization


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Demo and Questions


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References Hacker, Scot, MP3, The Definitive Guide, 1st Edition, March 2000, O'Reilly Publishing. Noto, Mark, MP3Stego: Hiding Text in MP3 Files, September 2001, SANS Institute. Koichi Takagi, Shigeyuki Sakazawa, Yashuiro Takishima, Light Weight MP3 Watermarking Method for

Mobile Terminals, KDDI R&D Labs, MM'05 November 6-11, 2005 Singapore, ACM Huffman Code, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_code M. Nilsson, ID3 tag version 2.4.0 - Main Structure, November 2000, http://www.id3.org/id3v2.4.0-

structure.txt Predrag Supurovic, MPEG Audio Frame Header, 1998 DataVoyage,

http://www.dv.co.yu/mpgscript/mpeghdr.htm#MPEGTAG

The Private Life of MP3 Frames, http://www.id3.org/mp3frame.html M. Nilsson, ID3 tag version 2.3.0, February 1999, http://www.id3.org/id3v2.3.0.html Strnad Peter, Gingold Peter, Lyrics3 Tag v2.00, Jun 1998, http://www.id3.org/lyrics3200.html Bender W., Gruhl D., Morimoto N., Lu A., Techniques for data hiding, 1996, IBM,

http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/sj/353/sectiona/bender.txt Petitcolas Fabien A. P., mp3stego, 19972005,

http://www.petitcolas.net/fabien/steganography/mp3stego/ Koso A., Turi A., and Obimbo C., Embedding Digital Signatures in MP3s, from proceedings 477

Internet and Multimedia Systems, and Applications, 2005 Cheng Cheok Yan, Introduction On Text Compression Using Lempel, Ziv, Welch (LZW) method,

http://www.geocities.com/yccheok/lzw/lzw.html LZW, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZW Information-and-Entropy, MIT, Spring 2003, http://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Electrical-

Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-050JInformation-and-EntropySpring2003/ABF6E960-C29C-48BB-95AE-AF9F79D9E20B/0/chapter3new.pdf

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ation-and-EntropySpring2003/ABF6E960-C29C-48BB-95AE-AF9F79D9E20B/0/chapter3new.pdfhttp://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-050JInformation-and-EntropySpring2003/ABF6E960-C29C-48BB-95AE-AF9F79D9E20B/0/chapter3new.pdfhttp://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-050JInformation-and-EntropySpring2003/ABF6E960-C29C-48BB-95AE-AF9F79D9E20B/0/chapter3new.pdfhttp://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-050JInformation-and-EntropySpring2003/ABF6E960-C29C-48BB-95AE-AF9F79D9E20B/0/chapter3new.pdfhttp://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-050JInformation-and-EntropySpring2003/ABF6E960-C29C-48BB-95AE-AF9F79D9E20B/0/chapter3new.pdfhttp://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-050JInformation-and-EntropySpring2003/ABF6E960-C29C-48BB-95AE-AF9F79D9E20B/0/chapter3new.pdfhttp://ocw.mit.edu/NR/rdonlyres/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-050JInformation-and-EntropySpring2003/ABF6E960-C29C-48BB-95AE-AF9F79D9E20B/0/chapter3new.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZWhttp://www.geocities.com/yccheok/lzw/lzw.htmlhttp://www.petitcolas.net/fabien/steganography/mp3stego/http://www.research.ibm.com/journal/sj/353/sectiona/bender.txthttp://www.id3.org/lyrics3200.htmlhttp://www.id3.org/id3v2.3.0.htmlhttp://www.id3.org/mp3frame.htmlhttp://www.dv.co.yu/mpgscript/mpeghdr.htmhttp://www.id3.org/id3v2.4.0-structure.txthttp://www.id3.org/id3v2.4.0-structure.txthttp://www.id3.org/id3v2.4.0-structure.txthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_code

Documents

Mp 3 Steg on Ography