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Gene L. TheodoriAssociate Professor & Director of Graduate Studies
Department of SociologySam Houston State University
Moving From Vision To Action
Cute Ugly
Smart
Dumb
1 2
34
Individuals
Active Not Active
Conscious
Not Conscious
Communities
1 2
34
Active Not Active
Conscious
Not Conscious
Communities
1 2
34
Community:
a place-oriented process of interrelated actions through which members of a local population express a shared sense of identity while engaging in the common concerns of life.
Working Definition of Community
Elements of a Local Society
A geographic dimensionphysical space
Human life dimensionpeople living there
Relatively complete organizationinstitutions and patterns of behaviors that cover the broad range of human interests
Social FieldsProcess of social interaction
Actions
Associations
Actors
the projects, programs, activities, and/or events
the formal organizations and informal groups
the leaders and other persons participating in associations and actions
Education
Government
Environmental protection
Economy
Faith-based
Recreation
Faith-based
Education
RecreationEnvironmental protection
Economy
ActionGovernment
Faith-based
Education
RecreationEnvironmental protection
Economy
ActionGovernment
Community is not a given.
Community is a variable.
Community Development
Community development:
a process of building and strengthening the community.
Community DevelopmentPurposive
Positive
Structure oriented
Exists in efforts of people
Community development is purposive. It is the intentional consequence of actors engaging in associational actions to initiate and maintain community.
Community Development
Community development is positive. The purposive intentions of the actors revolve around a shared commitment to improving their community.
Community Development
Community development is structure oriented. The purposive and positive actions of actors are direct attempts to establish and/or strengthen the community as an interlinking and coordinating structure of human relationships.
Community Development
Community development exists in the efforts of people and not necessarily in goal achievement.
Simply stated, community development is purposive action undertaken with positive intentions at improving community structure.
Community Development
Community Development
Development in community
Development of community
- Task accomplishment
- Structure building
Principles ofCommunity Development
The long-term theme of community development should be to develop the community as a human relationship structure, rather than to develop things in or through the community.
Community development must reflect and express the values and wishes of the local population.
Principles ofCommunity Development
Community development requires a commitment on the part of special interest groups to align their efforts with those of other groups.
Principles ofCommunity Development
Community development requires that attention be given continuously to problems and needs in all areas of local life.
Principles ofCommunity Development
Sustained community development requires an organizational structure.
Principles ofCommunity Development
Community development requires communication.
Principles ofCommunity Development
Community development requires a commitment beyond selfish gain, at least by a small number of people in any community who can really make it work.
Principles ofCommunity Development
Kenneth P. Wilkinson. 1968. “The Community: Its Structure and Process.” Pp. 86–90 in Eileen Zuber, Steve Nelson, and A.E. Luloff, 1998, Community: A Biography in Honor of the Life and Work of Ken Wilkinson. University Park, PA: The Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development.
Credit for “Principles ofCommunity Development”
Stages of Community-Based Planning
1. Initiation
2. Organization of sponsorship3. Visioning, goal setting, and
strategy formation4. Recruitment5. Implementation
6. Evaluation
Involves generating widespread consciousness of an issue among various fields of interest in a community.
Initiation
Involves the formation of multi-interest networks and inter-organizational linkages to coordinate and integrate actions within and across the various social fields.
Organization of Sponsorship
Involves developing a vision, short-term and long-range goals, and strategies that transcend the special interests of particular social fields.
Visioning, Goal Setting, and Strategy Formation
Involves building cohesion, encouraging participation, developing new leaders and leadership skills, and coordinating actions.
Recruitment
Involves building, strengthening, and maintaining the structure of the community field.
Implementation
Involves identifying and celebrating specific outputs and/or outcomes of the process.
Evaluation