Mouth (oral cavity)

Esophagus

Anus

DuodenumJejunumIleum

Small intestine

PharynxStomach

Transverse colonDescending colonAscending colonCecumSigmoid colonRectumVermiform appendixAnal canal

Largeintestine

UvulaSoft palate

Hard palate

Oral cavity

TongueOropharynx

Laryngopharynx

Esophagus

Glands in submucosa

Submucosa

LumenDuct of gland outsidealimentary canal

Gland in mucosa

Intrinsic nerve plexuses• Myenteric nerve plexus• Submucosal nerve plexus

Mucosa• Epithelium• Lamina propria• Muscularis mucosae

Muscularis externa

• Longitudinal muscle • Circular muscleSerosa• Epithelium• Connective tissue

CardiaEsophagus

Pyloric sphincter(valve) at pylorus

Rugae ofmucosa

Lumen

Fundus

Lessercurvature

Greatercurvature

Muscularis externa • Longitudinal layer • Circular layer • Oblique layer

Duodenum

DuodenumJejunumIleum

Small intestine

Epiploicappendages

Descendingcolon

Teniae coli

Sigmoidcolon

External anal sphincter

Rectum

Anal canal

Transversecolon

HaustrumAscendingcolon IIeumIIeocecal valve

Vermiform appendixCecum

LiverGallbladder

Parotid glandSublingual glandSubmandibulargland

Salivaryglands

Pancreas

Tongue

Uvula

Tongue

Upper lip

Lower lipVestibule

Gingivae (gums)

Gingivae (gums)

Hard palateSoft palate

Lingual frenulum

Inferior labialfrenulum

Posterior wallof oropharynx

Superior labialfrenulum

Crown

Neck

Root

EnamelDentin

Pulp cavity (containsblood vessels and nerves)

Gingiva (gum)

Cementum

Root canal

Periodontalligament

Teeth

Ducts ofsublingualgland

Sublingualgland

Submandibularduct

Parotid duct

Parotidgland

Tongue

Submandibulargland

Figure 23.21

Jejunum

Cystic duct

DuodenumHepatopancreaticampulla and sphincter

Gallbladder

Right and lefthepatic ducts of liver

Bile duct and sphincter

Main pancreatic ductand sphincter

PancreasTail of pancreas

Head of pancreas

Common hepatic duct

Major duodenalpapilla

Liver