MountRainier

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Rollout of Mount Rainier and its

EasyWrite Validation Suite

Abstract

This paper provides information about the industry progress on Mount Rainierand explains the functionality of the EasyWrite Validation Suite for theMicrosoft Windows family of operating systems. It provides guidelines on toolsand good practices forIHVs, ISVs, and PC-OEMs to test and validate MountRainier compliant solutions. Manufacturers should actively use thesetools and practices to secure that these solutions fit the requirementscorrectly, allowing a consistent rollout of the Mount Rainier solution.

ContentsIntroduction .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ................... ......... ...... ....3

Market Overview ................ .................. .................. .................. ................... .................. .......... ...... ...... ...3Objectives of Mount Rainier .................. .................. ................... .................. .................. ................. .......3The Mount Rainier Solution ................. .................. .................. .................. ................... .................. ........3The Mount Rainier Companies ................... .................. .................. .................. ............................ ...... ...4

Promoters .................. ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ......... ...4Contributors ................. .................. ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. ........ ..4Adopters ................ ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ......... ...... .4

Availabil ity of Specifications ................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ................. ...... ...4The Mount Rainier Test Tools and Methods ................. .................. .................. .................. ................ ...... ...4

Tools ................. .................. .................. .................. ................... .................. .................. .............. ...... .....4Drive Tool................ .................. ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. ...............5Test Discs .................. .................. ................... .................. .................. .................. ....................... ...... .6Disc Format Verifier .................. .................. .................. .................. ................... .................. ...............8Planned Tool Updates ................. .................. ................... .................. .................. ...................... ...... ..8

EasyWrite Requirements ................ ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. ............ ......8The EasyWrite Logo .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ................... ................. .8Benefits of EasyWrite ................ ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. ............ ......8

Simple ................ ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ....................8Fast................................................................................................................................................... ..9Robust.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ................... ......... ...... ..9

How to Obtain EasyWrite Qualification .................. .................. .................. .................. ................. ...... ...9Recorders .................. ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ......... ...9Readers ................. .................. ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. ............ ..10Software ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ................... ...... .....10Media ................ .................. .................. ................... .................. .................. .................. ...................10

Call to Action and Resources ................ .................. .................. ................... .................. ........... ....... ...... ...10Acronyms and Terms ................ ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. ......... ...... .......11


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Rollout of Mount Rainier and its EasyWrite Validation Suite - 2

Windows Hardware Engineering Conference

Author's Disclaimer and Copyright: Copyright Philips Components B.V., The Netherlands, 2000. Allinformation is provided AS-IS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.

WinHEC Sponsors Disclaimer: The contents of this document have not been authored or confirmed by

Microsoft or the WinHEC conference co-sponsors (hereinafter WinHEC Sponsors). Accordingly, theinformation contained in this document does not necessarily represent the views of the WinHECSponsors and the WinHEC Sponsors cannot make any representation concerning its accuracy. THEWinHEC SPONSORS MAKE NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THISINFORMATION.

Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporationin the United States and/or other countries. Other product and company names mentioned herein maybe the trademarks of their respective owners.

WinHEC 2003

Microsoft Windows Hardware Engineering Conference


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Introduction

Market OverviewThe market for CD-rewritable drives and media has grown dramatically in past

years and the drives have become a standard device for home PCs. DVD+RWdrives are following in the footsteps of this development, mainly driven by theconsumers excitement around creating their own DVDs from their personal videorecordings.

Attachment rates in the segment of office PCs are still lagging relative to home PCs.One of the reasons for this is the lack of a simple, compatible way to store data fileson CD and DVD media. This is the problem Mount Rainier was launched to solve.

Objectives of Mount RainierThe objectives of the Mount Rainier initiative were to make it as easy as possible tostore data files on CD-RW and DVD+RW. The target was to make these drives workin the same transparent way as a hard disk or a floppy drive. This requires drive

letter access and drag-and-drop functionality, natively supported within theoperating system.

The Mount Rainier SolutionA new technology had to be developed to fulfill these objectives. The key buildingblocks of the solution are explained below. For a more in-depth description, see thewhite paper Mount Rainier: Drag&Drop Data on CD-RW in the WinHEC 2000proceedings.

1. Physical defect management by the drive: The responsibility forhandling physical defects is where the defects can be handledoptimally: inside the drive. Otherwise, file-systems (and/or applications)need to have knowledge of drive/media defect characteristics and

capabilities, which are more complex. CD-ROMs will be able to readMount Rainier compliant discs through a generic read-driver, allowingread-back in legacy systems.

2. Logical write-addressing at 2K: Current CD-RW requires a block sizeof 64K, while most data systems are based on 2K or 4K addressingcapabilities. The Mount Rainier functionality has defined 2K logicaladdressing as a mandatory support requirement for drives. This willallow file-system and caching capabilities of the host to be transparentfor the media-related block size.

3. Background formatting: "Time to use" is one of the key improvementareas of Mount Rainier, adding high value to the end user. With currentCD-RW, the user must wait for the formatting process to completebefore writing data to a new disc. The Mount Rainier specification willallow a user to drag and drop data within seconds after insertion andspin-up of the disk. Invisible to the host, a background formattingsequence will be performed by the drive. Fast eject is possible, keepingfull compatibility with CD-ROM readers.

4. Command-set implementation: Mount Rainier compliant drives needto implement a mandatory command set for data use, fitting MMC-3structure.

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5. Compatibility: The focus is on the compatibility of the solution withfuture and existing hardware platforms. This includes CD-ROM readcompatibility for systems with native operating system support and forlegacy systems. For the latter case, a generic read-driver will be madeavailable.

6. Standardization: It is important to reduce the need for vendor-related

legacy support. This will be handled by three paths: Drive/media level by specifications from the Mount Rainier group. Interface level standardization through MMC. Drive level support through WHQL.

The Mount Rainier Companies

Promoters

The Mount Rainier work was started by a group of four companies, the promoters:Compaq Computer Corporation (now Hewlett-Packard Corporation), MicrosoftCorporation, Royal Philips Electronics, and Sony Corporation of America.

ContributorsOver forty companies joined the review and finalization of the specifications. Theseincluded leaders among the IHVs, ISVs, as well as makers of ICs, operatingsystems, and media.

Adopters

A large number of companies have signed up for a free license to use thespecifications to develop their products.

Availability of SpecificationsThe Mount Rainier specifications have been developed for CD-RW and DVD+RW(12 cm and 8 cm). These are called CD-MRW and DVD+MRW, respectively, where

MRW stands for Mount Rainier Writable. The following books are available from thelicensing office of Philips, which handles the licensing on behalf of the MountRainier group. For further information, go to www.mt-rainier.org.

CD-MRW Defect Management and Physical Formatting, version 1.1,

August 2001.

DVD+MRW Defect Management and Physical Formatting, version 1.1,

October 2002.

The command-set definition is already integrated in the MMC-3 command-setspecification at www.t10.org.

The Mount Rainier Test Tools and MethodsTo secure a consistent rollout of compliant and compatible products, the MountRainier group has developed test tools and processes.

ToolsThere are three types of test tools: the Drive Tool, the Test Discs, and the DiscFormat Verifier.

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Drive Tool

This software tool was created by Philips and PIMC, a Belgian contributor to theMount Rainier group, and is available from Philips (it can be ordered athttp://www.licensing.philips.com). It is designed to verify the functionality androbustness of the recording drive. It is supplied with three types of scripts. Eachtype has one version for CD-MRW and one for DVD+MRW:

Command Set: Tests the MMC-3 version of the MRW command set by

checking the presence of the MRW feature and the commands needed by thatfeature. Also, a background format is started and an early eject is done. For 12cm DVD+RW, both the normal use and extensive use options are tested.

Rock&Roll Light: Checks the random 2K addressing, the random read/write to

disc, and the flush-cache and eject. It can be used with any blank or defecteddisc. The test ends after a fixed number of actions. The typical run time is threehours on a 10X CD-MRW drive. For 4X DVD+RW media, it will be about fourhours.

Read/write actions: DVD Light Rock&Roll script

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

Read/write action

PhysicalBlockNumber

Write

Read

Read/write actions: CD Light Rock&Roll script

0

6000

12000

18000

24000

30000

36000

42000

48000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120Read/write action

PhysicalBlockNumber

Write

Read

The Rock&Roll Light scripts do read/write/pause actions in a random order andsize, and an eject/load action at regular intervals. The total number of actions isfixed. The read and write actions are done progressively in a random way from

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lower to higher logical block addresses in four loops (for 120 mm media). The writeactions leave lots of area between the written user data.

Rock&Roll Heavy: The Rock&Roll Heavy scripts work in the same way, but

here the read and write actions progress slowly in a random way from lower tohigher logical block addresses, all blocks are written and read a number oftimes. For DVD+MRW regular writes and reads are done to the area with lowlogical block numbers (file system area). The many writes to this area mayinvoke DOW defects. The run time is similar as for the Rock&Roll Light script.

Read/write actions: CD Heavy Rock&Roll script

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120Read/write action

PhysicalBlockNumbe

Write

Read

Test Discs

These test discs have been developed by, and are available from, Philips (they canbe ordered at http://www.licensing.philips.com/). There are three types of test discs.They are all the same brand, but differ in the amount of defects that have beenprinted on them. The CD-RW discs are currently HS-RW (High-Speed ReWritable),but US-RW (Ultra-Speed ReWritable) will be available soon.

The CD-RW and DVD+MRWBlank Disc have no defects and are used forreference.

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CD-MRW Verification

Defect Disc

Heavy fingerprint

2 mm black dot

1.5 mm square scratch

The CD-MRW and DVD+MRW Verification Defect Test Discs have very

heavy defects. The main purpose is to maximize the interchange capabilitybetween MRW drives. It is used to verify the ability of drives to read/writeacross big defects and to handle the caching and the defect table. Theyhave three defects: a 1.5 mm square scratch, a 2.0 mm black dot, and aheavy fingerprint.

The CD-MRW and DVD+MRW Calibration Defect Test Discs have defects at thelimits of what a ROM drive can handle. Its purpose is to optimize the ROMcompatibility and fine tune defect management detection. It has the following fivedefects: One triangular scratch (1.45 mm), three black dots (0.3 mm, 0.7 mm, 1.1mm), and a fingerprint.

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CD-MRWCalibration Defect Disc

0.3 mm black dot

Normal fingerprint

1.1 mm black dot

0.7 mm black dot

1.45 mm triangular scratch


0.3 mm black dot

Normal fingerprint

1.1 mm black dot

0.7 mm black dot



0.3 mm black dot

Normal fingerprint

1.1 mm black dot

0.7 mm black dot



0.3 mm black dot

Normal fingerprint

1.1 mm black dot

0.7 mm black dot


Disc Format Verifier

This software tool was developed and made available by Eclipse DataTechnologies. It is a rule-based verification tool, which determines if the logicalformat on the disc is according to the MRW specifications.

Planned Tool Updates

The tools for CD-MRW have been available and in use since the middle of 2002.The tools for DVD+MRW will be released in the middle of 2003.

EasyWrite Requirements

The EasyWrite LogoPhilips created the EasyWrite name and logo to facilitate the marketing andpromotion of the Mount Rainier solution. Adopters of MRW can use the name andlogo under the condition that the promoted products are tested and validated in thefollowing way.

Benefits of EasyWriteEasyWrite makes storing data files on a CD-RW and DVD+RW simple, fast, androbust.

Simple

An EasyWrite-capable host will handle EasyWrite discs just like its hard disk. Theusers can instantly drag and drop files to the EasyWrite media and back to the harddisk. It is also possible to save files from within an application directly to theEasyWrite disc by using the drive letter access.

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Fast

Take a new CD-RW or DVD+RW disc out of the box, insert it into the drive, andwithin seconds you can start dragging and dropping data. The drive handlesformatting in the background so that the user is not disturbed by it. Even if you ejectthe disc before background formatting is complete, the disc is still readable in allMultiRead CD-ROM and DVD-ROM drives.

Robust

EasyWrite embodies a dramatically improved defect management system. Thismakes it far more robust toward dirt and scratches than current packet-writingapplications.

How to Obtain EasyWrite QualificationThe following is provided for information only. The formal requirements for obtainingthe right to use the EasyWrite logo can be found at www.mt-rainier.org.

Recorders

EasyWrite qualification and the right to use the EasyWrite logo can be obtained ifthe following tests are passed:

For CD-MRW drives:

1. Command Script with Blank Disc2. Rock&Roll Light with Blank Disc3. Rock&Roll Light with MRW Verifier Disc4. Rock&Roll Heavy with Blank Disc5. Rock&Roll Heavy with MRW Verifier Disc

All tests must be completed with Pass results.

For DVD+MRW drives:

All CD-MRW tests and the same for DVD+MRW.

EasyWrite testsBlankCD-RW

CD-RWdefectVerificationdiscs

Blank

DVD+RW

DVD+RWdefectVerificationdiscs

BlankCD-RW

CD-RWdefectVerificationdiscs

Blank

DVD+RW

DVD+RWdefectVerificationdiscs

If OK thenCD-MRW /DVD+MRWdrive isqualified forEasyWrite

logo


logo


logo

DVD+MRWDVD-ROM

CD-MRWdrive

MRW

disc

verifier

DVD+MRWDVD-ROM

CD-MRWdrive

MRW

disc

verifier

MRW testsuite

command set testLight R&R test

Heavy R&R test

DVD+MRWdrive

CD-MRWdrive

MRW testsuite

command set testLight R&R test

Heavy R&R test

DVD+MRWdrive

CD-MRWdrive

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After each test, the resulting disc must be verified with the Disc Format Verifier andresult must be Pass.

For instructions on how to apply for the EasyWrite logo, go to www.mt-rainier.org.

Readers

Readers, that is, CD-ROM and DVD-ROM drives, do not require formal validation.However, the MRW Calibration Disc can be used to verify their performance.

Software

Software applications and operating systems must comply with the MRWspecifications and fulfill the following test requirements to qualify for the EasyWritelogo:

Feature: Support the MRW feature (to detect MRW capability).

Format: Support the FORMAT UNIT command

(format code 001b or format type 24h, MRW format types).

Addressing: Switching LBA space UA vs. GA-MRW mode page 03h.

Early Eject: Support use of CLOSE TRACK SESSION command (close

function 2) and START/STOP UNIT, in that sequence.

Read: READ10/READ12 with support for sense code 02/04/07

(when command execution takes longer than seven seconds).

Write: WRITE10/WRITE12 with support for sense code 02/04/08

(long write in progress, retry needed).

Media-wear: SMART feature handling.

Content: Install a solution in GAA, which allows reading MRW discs in

a PC environment with a non-MRW capable CD or DVD Multiread drive.

Works at least on all operating systems, which the EasyWrite applicationsupports.

For instructions on how to apply for the EasyWrite logo, see www.mt-rainier.org.

Media

Media vendors can use the EasyWrite name and logo for:

CD-RW media that is compliant with the Orange Book Part III.

DVD+RW media that is compliant with the DVD+RW Physical

Specifications.

Call to Action and ResourcesCall to Action:

For system manufacturers: Require your suppliers to support MRW and make

sure that their products are EasyWrite compliant.

For device manufacturers: Follow the instructions in this whitepaper on

EasyWrite test tools and methods for recorders and readers.

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For ISVs and OS vendors: Follow the instructions in this whitepaper on

EasyWrite test tools and methods for software.

Feedback:

To provide feedback about the tools presented, please send e-mail to

[email protected].

Acronyms and TermsMain abbreviations used:

cmd: commandFS: file systemIHV: independent hardware vendorISV: independent software vendorMMC: MultiMedia Command setMRW: Mount Rainier WritableOS: operating system

WinHEC 2003

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

Documents

MountRainier