Motors - Stepper, BLDC, DCr

Technical PresentationStepper, DC and BLDC motors

feedback

AC

DC

PFCAC

Power supply

Interface

MCU

Highvoltagedriver

ICs

Motor

3-phase inverter stage

System Integration with Integrated ICs

Power Stage

INPUTINPUTPOWERPOWER

SwitchArray

DrivingSection

Device incorporatingall necessary logic and power circuits

for driving the motor

Logic circuit that generatesthe proper command pattern

for the power stageSensors

LOGICLOGICSIGNALSSIGNALS

Driver

Controller

Power circuit feeding the motorincluding level shiftersand protection circuits

Voltage and currentlevel shifters(gate drivers)

Linear or switchmodeelectronic components

(MOSFETs, BJTs, IGBTs)

10 100Current (A)

10

100

1000

Vol

tage

(V

)

0.1 1

MonolithicSolutions

Discrete FET/IGBT with controller/driver ICs

STEPPER MOTOR DRIVE

Stepper Motor

PermanentMagnet Rotor

A typical stepper motor has permanent magnets on the rotor and a pair of coils on the stator

Driving methods :

Half stepFull Step two phase-onMicrostepping

Most commonly used stepper motor :

Permanent Magnet stepper motorBipolarUnipolar

Hybrid stepper motor

N S

NS

NS

Rotation Position is Controlled in Steps

Step signals

Stepper motors are ideally suited to application requiring precise position control such as computer peripherals or numerically controlled machine tools

H-B

rid

ge

H-B

rid

ge

Major Applications:Printers, Copiers, BillTransport, Automotive, Medical, Factory Automation Machine tools

I1I1

I2I2

UNIPOLAR MOTOR

BIPOLAR MOTOR

Motor Configuration

Drive Configuration

BIPOLAR MOTOR

UNIPOLAR MOTOR

Vs Vs

Torque ComparisonUnipolar vs Bipolar Motor

40% Bipolar

Log Scale

Unipolar

Torque

Speed

Full Step SequenceBipolar 2 Phase Stepper Motor

I1

I2

I1

I2

I2

I1

I2

1 3

5 7

I1

Half Step SequenceBipolar 2 Phase Stepper Motor

I1

I2

I1 I1

I1 I1

I2 I2

I2 I2

I1

I2

I1=0

I2=0

I1=0

I2=01 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

Rc

Lc

L/R Drive (Voltage Mode)

Vs

Ic = Vs/Rct = Lc/Rc

Rc

Lc

L/nR Drive (Voltage Mode)

Vs

Ic = Vs/(Rc+Rs)

Rs

t = L/(Rc+Rs)

Chopping Drive (Current Mode)

Rc

Lc

Vs

Vref

OSC S

RQ

Rsense

Ic = Vref/Rsense

Fixed Frequency PWM Current Control

L297 L6506

Chopping Drive (Current Mode)

Rc

Lc

Vs

Vref

T

_Q

Rsense

Ic = Vref/Rsense

Constant Off Time FMCurrent Control

Monostable

L6207, L6208 L6219, PBL3717

Current WaveformsL/R, L/5R, and Chopping Drive

Time

Current

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1000

0.5

1

5V1

5V1

V1L/R Drive

L/5R Drive

Chopping Drive

Supply Voltage

PWM Current Decay modes

V

S

V

S

V

S

ON TimeCurrent builds

In winding

OFF TimeSlow Decay

Recirculation

OFF TimeFast Decay

Recirculation

Microstepping

IB

Full Step position

Half Step positionIB = -1, IA = 0

IA

IA = 2 IB

IA = IB

Microstepping Block Diagram

D/A

PWM HBridge

D/A

PWM HBridge

Typical Microstepping Waveform using L6208

VrefA

IB

VrefB

Clock

Typical Run Profile

Steps0 30 130 160

140

160

180

200

220

240

260Speed

Design point for torque

Two Phase Bipolar Stepper Motor DriveMonolithic (integrated) Approach - 1

MCUC

on

tro

lle

rDual H-Bridge

Interface

ST72264ST7Lite

L6506L297

L6202 L6203L6205 L6206RS232

Transceiver

ST232

L6207 L6208 L6258

8 to 45 VAC

DC

Power supplyVIPer

Motor Control Driver & Power IC Product Matrix

Controller……. includes only the control function and drives Power Bridge ICsPower Bridge .. includes only the output power transistor stage and no control functionMotor Driver…. includes control function + Power Bridge blockGate Driver ….. includes only the driver stage for driving MOSFETs or IGBTs

Driver

Half Bridge Driver

H-Bridges

Dual H-Bridges

3-Phase Bridges

L297

Gate Driver Power BridgeController

L6506

L293

L298

L6201

L6202L6203

L6234

Perfo

rman

ces

L6207L6208

L6235

L6205

L6258E

L6204 L6219

PBL3718

L6384

L6386

L6206

L6387

L6226L6225

L6227

L6228

L6229

L6385

PBL3717TEA3717

New PowerSpin Product Range

Operating supply voltage from 8 to 52V Power MOS output stage:

– RDS(ON) = 0.3 Ω or 0.7 Ω – Intrinsic Fast Free Wheeling Diodes

Output current rating– L620x & L6235: 5.6 A peak and 2.8 A rms, – L622x: 2.8 A peak and 1.4 A rms

Non-dissipative over current protection Cross conduction protection Thermal protection Under voltage lock out

PowerSO36

DIP24

SO24

L6205, L6225 Fully Protected Dual Full Bridge

Vboot

GATE LOGIC

OCD

THERMAL

PROTECTION

GATE LOGIC

FULL FULL BRIDGEBRIDGE

OCD

CHARGE PUMP

ENA

IN1A

IN2A

ENB

IN1B

IN2B

VSA

OUT1A

OUT2A

SENSEA

VSB

OUT1B

OUT2B

SENSEB

VBOOT

VCP


L6206, L6226 Fully Protected Dual Full Bridge

Vboot

GATE LOGIC

OCD

THERMAL

PROTECTION

GATE LOGIC


OCD

CHARGE PUMP

ENA

IN1A

IN2A

ENB

IN1B

IN2B

VSA

OUT1A

OUT2A

SENSEA

VSB

OUT1B

OUT2B

SENSEB

VBOOT

VCP

OCDA

OCDB

PROGCLA

PROGCLB


L6207, L6227Dual Full Bridge with Current Control

Vboot

GATE LOGIC

PWM CURRENT REGULATOR

OCD

THERMAL

PROTECTION

GATE LOGIC


OCD

CHARGE PUMP

VREFA

VREFB

VSA

OUT1A

OUT2A

SENSEA

VSB

OUT1B

OUT2B

SENSEB

RCA

RCB

VBOOT

VCP

ENAIN1A

IN2A

ENB

IN1B

IN2B

Vref

RSENSE

1 µs

RCA (or B)

QRS

2.5 V

5 mA

From theLow-Side

gate drivers

(0) (1)



L6208, L6228 Fully Integrated Stepper Motor Driver

HALF / FULLVboot

GATE LOGIC


OCD

THERMAL

PROTECTION

GATE LOGIC


OCD

CHARGE

PUMP

ENCONTROL

VREFA

CLOCKRESET

CW / CCW

VREFB

VSA

OUT1A

OUT2A

SENSEA

VSB

OUT1B

OUT2B

SENSEB

RCA

RCB

VBOOT

VCP

Phase Phase Sequence Sequence GeneratorGenerator




L6258E Stepper Motor Driver

DISABLE

Vboot

GATE LOGIC

FULLBRIDGE

THERMALPROTECTION


FULL BRIDGE

CHARGE PUMP

VREF1

VREF2

VS1

OUT1A

SENSE2

VS2

OUT2A

VBOOT

VCP1

RSENSE

OUT1B

SENSE2

RSENSE

OUT2B

VCP2

PH1

PH2

CLOCK GENERATOR

GATE LOGIC

I0_1I1_1I2_1I3_1

I0_2I1_2I2_2I3_2

DAC

DAC


Stepper Motor Drive High Power

MCU

Co

ntr

oll

er

Dual H-BridgeInterface

ST72264ST7Lite

L6506

AC

DC

Highvoltagedriver

ICs

L6384 MOS

Power supplyVIPer

L6384 Half Bridge Driver

Key Features• 600 V rail max• High current drive 400/650 mA source/sink• Undervoltage lockout• Integrated bootstrap

diode• Single input controls high

and low side FETs• Adjustable dead time

LOGIC

UV DETECTION

LEVEL SHIFTER

R S

VCC

LSG DRIVER

VCC

IN

DT/SD

VBOOT

HVG DRIVER

HVG

H.V.

LOADOUT

LVG

GND

D97IN518A

DEAD TIME

VCC

Idt

Vthi

BOOTSTRAP DRIVER

CBOOT

DC Motor Drive

Permanent Magnet DC Motor

Stator Magnet

Brush

Commutator

s

N

The rotor includes a winding fed by DC voltage through carbon brushes

The stator has two or more permanent magnets Speed is proportional to the supply voltage Torque is a function of motor current

Direction of rotation is reversed by reversing rotor current (through an H-Bridge configuration)

Voltage: 6 to 320VdcPower: up to 20,000W

Speed: 0 to 20,000 RPM

Major applications :Cordless toolsToys

Automotive body functionsIndustrial drives & roboticsFactory automation

DC Motor DriveHigh Power

HalfBridge Driver

IC

MCU

L6384/5/6/7TD340 ST7

M

MOS or IGBT

Power supply

VIPer

Interface

AC

DC

Feedback

DC Motor Drive Integrated IC Solution

L6207 (Dual) - New -

ST7 Family L298 (Dual)L6201,02,03L6204 (Dual)L9925 (Dual)L9997ND

L6205 (Dual)L6206 (Dual)

RS232TransceiverST75185ST232

10 100Current (A)

10

100

1000

Vol

tage

(V

)

0.1 1

MonolithicSolutions

Discrete FET/IGBT with controller/driver ICs

M

Power supply

Interface

MCU

AC

DC

TD340 - Full H-Bridge Driver For DC Motor Control

Many more DC Motor Drivers ...

Part Type Description Application

L9925 Dual Full Bridge Driver

0.8 O.8A 1-16.5 V

Automotive & Industrial

small DC motors,

L9997ND Dual Half Bridge Driver

0.7 1.2A 7-16.5 V

Printers, scanners,

vending machines

L9909 Full Bridge with position control

1 , 1A 18VDC

VN770K Full Bridge for DC Motor0.22, 10A, 5.5-36V

High current automotive and industrial

VN771P Full Bridge for DC motor

0.22 10A 5.5-36V

VND670SP Dual High side FET with

Dual low side gate drivers

0.03 15A 5.5-26V

BLDC Motor Drive

feedback

AC

DC

Power supply

Interface

MCU

Motor

BLDC Motor Drive Integrated IC Solution


L6235

ST7 Family

L6235 Fully Integrated 3-Phase Brushless Motor Driver

Vboot

GATE LOGIC

33PHASEPHASE

BRIDGEBRIDGE

OCD

THERMAL

PROTECTION

CHARGEPUMP

ENFWD / REV

BRAKE

VREF

H3H2H1

RCPULSE

VSA

OUT1

OUT2

SENSEA

RCOFF

VBOOT

VCP



VSB

OUT3

SENSEB


DIAG

TACHOTACHO

Monostable

feedback

AC

DC

Power supply

Interface

MCU

HalfBridgeDriver

ICs

Motor

BLDC Motor DriveHigh Power Solution


ST7 Family L6385/86/87

MOS or IGBT

PractiSPIN Architecture

One dedicated board for each deviceA common control board based on ST72264Windows Graphical User Interface

Stepper Motor Constant Speed Mode

Simple run profileM

otor

Cu

rren

tS

pee

d

0

0Accelerate DecelerateConstant Speed Hold

No. Steps

DC Motor fun screen

PractiSPIN System Availability

Device Eval Board Stepper DC BLDC SoftwareL6205, L6225 EVAL6205N X X PractiSPIN

EVAL6206NEVAL6206PD

L6207, L6227 EVAL6207N X X PractiSPINEVAL6208NEVAL6208PD

L6235 EVAL6235N X PractiSPINL6258 Contact Marketing X PractiSPIN-6258TEA3718 Contact Marketing X X PractiSPIN-6219TEA3717 Contact Marketing X X PractiSPIN-6219PBL3717 Contact Marketing X X PractiSPIN-6219L6219 Contact Marketing X X PractiSPIN-6219L6219R Contact Marketing X X PractiSPIN-6219

PractiSPINL6206, L6226 X X

PractiSPINL6208, L6228 X

Documents

Motors - Stepper, BLDC, DCr