Motivating for PerformanceUnderstanding Work Motivation

Overview to Motivation Theories

• Employee Motivation Theory. http://www.businessballs.com/motivation.htm

Theories about individual differences

• Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. http://www.businessballs.com/maslow.htm

• David C McClelland's motivational needs theory. http://www.businessballs.com/davidmcclelland.htm

Job and Organization Context about Motivation

• Frederick Herzberg's motivation and hygiene factors. http://www.businessballs.com/herzberg.htm

• Adam’s equity. http://www.businessballs.com/adamsequitytheory.htm

How Managers’ Behaviors affect Motivation• Reinforcement theory.• http://wik.ed.uiuc.edu/index.php/Reinforcement_theory

• Management styles. http://www.itstime.com/oct96.htm

Management Styles 1Management by Coaching and Development (MBCD): • Managers see themselves primarily as employee trainers.

Management by Competitive Edge (MBCE):• Individuals and groups within the organization compete against one

another to see who can achieve the best results.

Management by Consensus (MBC): • Managers construct systems to allow for the individual input of

employees.

Management Styles 2Management by Decision Models (MBDM): • Decisions are based on projections generated by artificially

constructed situations.

Management by Exception (MBE): • Managers delegate as much responsibility and activity as possible to

those below them, stepping in only when absolutely necessary.

Management by Information Systems (MBIS): • Managers depend on data generated within the company to help

them increase efficiency and inter-relatedness.

Management Styles 3Management by Interaction (MBI):

Emphazises communication and balance of male/female energy as well as integration of all human aspects (mental, emotional, physical and spiritual), creating an empowered, high-energy, high-productive workforce. It is based on shared goals and active participation of all parties, especially through communication, caring and sharing. Actively using energy produced through synergistic and symbiotic differences to complement and enhance shared goals.

The Management by Interaction style of working consists of recognizing:

• Thoughts, feelings and actions culminating in teamwork.

• Creative energy, aliveness and excitement that constantly builds and recreates itself in new ways.

• An opportunity to a deeper connection between people who spend a great portion of their waking hours together.

Task:• Print and paste in your notebook the

charts: – Traits of Managers and leaders and write your

own point of view in five to eight lines.– Changing styles for the new millennium and

write your own point of view in five to eight lines.