motivasi ad' ame

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MOTIVATION, TEACHING ANDLEARNING

By :Amirotul insiyah


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WHAT IS M O TIVATI ON?1

PER S PEK TIVE S ON MO TIVATI ON

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MO TIVATI ON TO ACHI E VE3

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PERSPECTIVE ON MOTIVATIONPERSPECTIVE ON MOTIVATION

B ehavioralB ehavioral HumanisticHumanistic CognitiveCognitive

SocialSocial


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THE BEHAVIORAL PERSPEKTIVE

The behavioralperspektive emphasizesexternal rewards andpunishments as keys indetermining a studentsmotivation (incentives)

Incentives thatclassroom teachers useinclude numerical scoreand letter grades, whichprovide feedback aboutthe quality of work thestudent has student hasperformed ect


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THE HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE

The humanistic perspective stressesstudents capacity for personalgrowth, freedom to choose their

destiny and positive quality

The perspective is closely associatedwith Abraham Maslows


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Maslowshierarchy of

needs


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THE COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE

According to the cognitive perspectiveon motivation, students thoughtguide their motivation.

The cognitive perspectiverecommends that students should begiven more opportunities andresponsibility for controling their ownachievement outcomes.


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THE SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE

the need for affiliation or relatedness is themotive to be securely connected with otherpeople.This involves establishing, maintaining,andrestoring warm, close personal relationship.Students need for affiliation or realetednessis reflected in their motivation to spend timewith peers, their close friendship, their

attachment to their parents, and their desireto have a positive relationship with theirteacher.


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MOTIVATION TO ACHIEVE

The current interest in scholl hasbeen fueled by the cognitiveperspective. W ell begin this section by

exploring a crucial distinction betweenextrinsic ( external ) and intrinsic( internal ) motivation.


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EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION

Extrinsic motivation involves doingsomething to obtain something else (ameans to an end). Extrinsic is often

influenced by external incentives suchas reward and punishment. Forexample, a student may study hard fora test in order to obtain a good grade in

the course.


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INTRINSIC MOTIVATION

Intrinsic motivation involves the internalmotivation to do something for its own sake(an end in itself). For example, anotherstudent may study hard for a test because heor she enjoys the content of the course.

Current evidence strongly favorsestablishing a classroom climate in whichstudents are intrinsically motivated to learn(wigfield & eccles,2002). Student are moremotivated to learn when they are given

choices, become, absorbed in challenges thatmatch their skills, and receive reward thathave informational value but are not used forcontrol.


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motivasi ad' ame