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Motion Vocabulary
Motion
The act or process of changing position or place.
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PositionA place or location
2
Frame of Reference
A system that uses coordinates to establish the precise position of objects in space and time. A group of objects that are not moving relative to each other.
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Relative motionThe continuous change of position of a body with respect to a second body or to a reference point that is fixed.
4
Distance
The length of the path an object travels.
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Displacement
The distance and direction of an object’s final position from its initial position.
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Vector
A quantity that is specified by both a size and a direction.
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Speed
The distance an object travels per unit of time.
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Instantaneous speed
The speed of an object at a single instant of time.
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Average SpeedThe total distance an object travels divided by the total travel time.
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V = 12 m6 s
= 2 m/s
V = d
Δt
VelocityThe speed of an object and its direction of motion.
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V = ΔdΔt
V = 3 m6 s
= 0.5 m/s
Slope (m)The gradient or steepness of a line on a graph. It is the ratio of the change in y over the change in x.
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m = rise
run
m = y2 - y1
x2 - x1
m = 40 - 0100 - 0
m = 40100
m = 2.5
y = mx + bThe equation for a straight line written in “slope-intercept” form.
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AccelerationThe change in velocity divided by the time for the change to occur.
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Centripetal acceleration
The acceleration that occurs in circular motion.
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