MORNINGTON PENINSULA CRICKET UMPIRES ASSOCIATION UMPIRES ...mycricketadmin.cricket.com.au/files/27805/files/MPCUA Umpires... · MORNINGTON PENINSULA CRICKET UMPIRES ASSOCIATION

MORNINGTON PENINSULA CRICKET UMPIRES ASSOCIATION

UMPIRES'

HANDBOOK CONTENTS

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INFORMATION FOR FIRST YEAR UMPIRES ................................................................... 4 ROLE of the UMPIRE................................................................................................................. 4

Umpire Responsibilities ....................................................................................................... 4 Player and Match Management ........................................................................................... 4

What is a good umpire? ........................................................................................................... 4

TIPS FOR BETTER CRICKET UMPIRING ....................................................................... 5 PRE-SEASON ...................................................................................................................... 5 PRE-MATCH SATURDAY MORNING................................................................................. 5 Checklist: before you leave home. ....................................................................................... 6

ARRIVAL AT THE GROUND & BEFORE THE GAME STARTS .............................................. 6 Pre Match Checklist ............................................................................................................. 6 THE GAME IS ABOUT TO START ...................................................................................... 7 DURING THE GAME ........................................................................................................... 8 Three rules: .......................................................................................................................... 8 Positioning Yourself and Watching Play .............................................................................. 8 Square Leg Umpiring ........................................................................................................... 8 Run Outs - Positioning ......................................................................................................... 9

Working with your partner ....................................................................................................... 9 TIC TAC TOE ....................................................................................................................... 10 So your 'Partner' is a player..! .............................................................................................. 10 Fitness for Play .................................................................................................................... 11 Weather ................................................................................................................................ 11 Runners - Injured Batter. ...................................................................................................... 12 Signals & Scorers ................................................................................................................. 12

Giving Decisions ....................................................................................................................... 13 Whew! Half way there. Tea Break ....................................................................................... 14 Drawing Stumps! .................................................................................................................. 14 Reviewing the Match ............................................................................................................ 15 After The Match .................................................................................................................... 15

PLAYER MANAGEMENT & HANDLING CONFLICT .......................................................... 16 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 16 Do's and Don'ts in Conflict Situations. ................................................................................. 17 Preparing to Cope with Conflict ........................................................................................... 18 Defusing Tense Situations : ................................................................................................. 18

Recovering from Conflict and Disappointment ..................................................................... 19

REPORTING AND TRIBUNAL PROCEDURES ................................................................. 21 Making a Report ........................................................................................................................ 21

Recording the report ............................................................................................................ 21 Tribunal Process ....................................................................................................................... 21

So You Lost!? ....................................................................................................................... 22

THE LAWS OF CRICKET - Outline ................................................................................ 23 THE PREAMBLE – THE SPIRIT OF CRICKET ...................................................................... 23

Responsibility of captains .................................................................................................... 23 i. Player conduct ................................................................................................................... 23 ii. Fair and unfair play ........................................................................................................... 23

Umpires Information Kit Mornington Peninsula Cricket Umpires Association

Printed: 13 November 2013 2

Diagrams: Umpiring Signals, LBW, No Ball - Foot Placement, Boundary markings. ............ 24

DEFINING ATTITUDE .................................................................................................. 26 Success! Which do you choose?? ....................................................................................... 26 REALLY USEFUL ATTITUDES ........................................................................................... 26

THE POWER OF A POSITIVE ATTITUDE ................................................................................ 27 ATTRIBUTES OF A SUCCESSFUL UMPIRE ..................................................................... 27 CONSCIOUSLY CHOOSING A POSITIVE ATTUDE .......................................................... 27 POSITIVE AFFIRMATIONS ................................................................................................. 28 HOW TO DISPLAY A POSITIVE ATTITUDE ON THE FIELD ............................................ 28 OVERCOMING SETBACKS ................................................................................................ 28



Introduction Greetings, fellow MPCUA umpire! No doubt you have had some experience with our beloved game but, for one reason or another (perhaps time, age or injury!), your active participation has now been channelled into the noble and vital profession of umpiring. Great! We love to see people putting back into the game and thereby benefitting others. This document has been compiled by your umpiring colleagues as a guide, inspiration and reference to assist you as a fellow cricket umpire. The content is presented in good faith to help you avoid many of the mistakes and pitfalls that we found for ourselves. It is not Pulitzer Prize material. We are umpires, not literary giants! We do make mistakes. It is not intended to be a cast-iron solution to all umpiring issues. Nor is it intended to be condescending. It is simply some good advice and straight-forward information - mostly acquired the hard way through the collective experiences of many local umpires (plus some help from outside) and was compiled to help each of us get even better than the magnificent officiators we already are. After all, umpiring is about teamwork and "getting it right"! In these notes, we have tried to include the things that aren’t in all the training materials – this is the stuff they don’t tell you, but we hope our experiences provide the sort of guidance we wish we'd had, particularly about the types of grounds, incidents and games we get in our grades. Many of the points below come from the fact that we officiate in MPCA Cricket - while the guide books are written by people who have officiated at Premier - or even test match level. Sometimes our grounds are well equipped, but often they aren’t. Sometimes our games go smoothly, but often they don’t. Sometimes it’s a pleasant temperature, but sometimes it’s boiling hot. After a few games you will be able to develop your own means of coping – particularly on things like nutrition, preparation and concentration. By all means, go beyond what is written here – these points are just to get you started. Be prepared to seek and accept advice from your colleagues. They will help you get through the early part of your umpiring. We value the collegiate approach, so take advantage of it in the early stages. We still trust you will get some value out of this handbook and - as you progress through your umpiring - that you will help us further refine this document. Please feel free to offer your ideas, experiences and amendments. As we said, this is not a cast iron document, but a living record of the complex, difficult and immensely rewarding experiences of cricket umpires. Good Calling! The MPCUA Umpires.



INFORMATION FOR FIRST YEAR UMPIRES

or “Things I wish I had been told !”

ROLE of the UMPIRE

This section is to provide some basic umpiring knowledge of cricket rules that are required by umpires in order to operate effectively. (For detailed information, refer to MCC Laws of Cricket, Law 3. The Umpire). There are matters such as Duty of Care, Health and Safety and Racial & Religious Vilification that are common to most aspects of daily life. The ideals established under the laws of the land should generally transfer to the Cricket field.

Umpire Responsibilities

Duty of care to all participants includes: - Health and safety principles Hydration Sun and eye protection Protective equipment (helmets, pads, gloves etc) Basic first aid Reasonable risk management policies and procedures in relation to the condition of the pitch and

ground as well as weather and light conditions.

Player and Match Management

Together with the Captains, Umpires must ensure A "fair go" for all participants The game is enjoyable and encourage active, positive participation That all participants demonstrate respect for each other and the umpires Etiquette and common good manners is instilled in players You do not accept any form of dissent, abuse or sledging and do not accept vilification in any form (racial or otherwise)

What is a good umpire?

Let's start with what good umpires are not! - We are not:

Active participants. bosses. lawmakers. scapegoats for players and spectators.

Paul Rieffel explains the umpire as primarily "a manager of the game". As good a definition as any! That means the game is not about us! It is about cricket and the players and how we can best manage them!. We cooperate with captains to manage the players - and the rules - so we keep the game in good order. The Laws of Cricket outline the umpire responsibilities, but our hope is to help you understand HOW to effectively carry those out. It's often said that the best umpire is one who can't be remembered. (See Three Rules) To the players, the most important event happening in the world at that moment is the game they are currently playing. Try to bear that in mind when they become irritable and irrational. Treat the game and players with respect and, more than likely, they will reciprocate. They will not be impressed if they are told how good you were, how bad their cricket is, or any other gratuitous advice you might offer. The game is about them, not us. Be an observer of the game, monitor it's progress - and quietly and confidently make any necessary adjustments to ensure that it is profitable and fair for all concerned. **** Refer to the excellent article on "Attitude" at the end of this booklet.

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-3-the-umpires,29,AR.html

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/



TIPS FOR BETTER CRICKET UMPIRING

This section gives you some suggestions that may help you prepare for your role as an umpire.

It is worth referring to the expectations that the Laws of Cricket have outlined for Umpires in the Role of the Umpire.

(To move to any of the links, press and hold Ctrl then click the left mouse button on the link)

PRE-SEASON

1. Read the Laws of Cricket!!

You may think that you have played for so long that you know the game! You DON'T! Study the rules and constantly refer to them in your spare time. Very few cricketers have read the rules. Very few of those have actually understood what they read!

If a doubt arises, DON'T GUESS! Refer to the rules.

Do a course in Umpiring. The MPCUA has excellent coaches, monthly coaching sessions, a Mentor system and we can organise a bridging course until you start your Level 2 Accreditation. (See also The Umpire)

2. Practice. Go to some team nets sessions. Get a feel for the pace of bowling, and more importantly meet a few people. If possible do this with your mentor, but you will be welcome on your own. Pick a convenient club to your home and call the club contact from the website info to find out when they practice (or the secretary, coach, or your mentor can provide contacts).

3. It’s often windy – you’ll need make sure your hat fits firmly. You also need a name badge which has to be ordered specially. Contact the Secretary regarding this.

4. Keep your feet comfy. Get yourself a really good pair of socks and quality shoes. Even consider wearing two pairs of socks at a time

5. The MPCA website rules book sets out the rules for the competitions. Print out the rules for the current year for each of the competitions you umpire in and keep them handy at games.

6. Remember that Junior rules, rules for finals and rules for representative games are generally quite different from the rules for the regular season. These are in addition to the laws of cricket (and sometimes apply small adjustments – e.g. Field-setting in one day game). Study these carefully. Familiarise yourself with the relevant rules for each of the types of matches you are umpiring, especially about quotas of overs, No Balls, fielding restrictions, times for breaks, etc.

PRE-MATCH SATURDAY MORNING.

1. Ensure you know the correct start time for the game. The first game of the season is usually played prior to daylight saving and starts half an hour earlier than normal. Some umpires have been known to show up late for a game, forgetting the changed start time, Daylight Saving adjustment or just a slow watch!

2. If you are unable to make it to a match for any reason, illness or otherwise, let your partner and Umpire’s adviser know by phone call as early as possible.

3. Know your own digestive system. Your food / water regime should take account of: It’s a long day (6 or 7 hours for a two day match, up to eight hours for a one day match) There’s only one off-field break during the game – tea – and you have a lot to do in not much

time (see Tea Break). You must maintain concentration for the whole day and that takes a lot of energy. Hint: chewing gum, relaxing/stretching between balls/overs, breathing control, frequent

clock-ins with your partner, all help to keep you alert and focussed.

Take sun-block lip guard onto the ground with you and use it often, especially after every interval and drinks break. Use it also to keep sun-block on your nose, chin and anywhere on your face you wipe sweat off.

If you are medicated, organise your doses so they don't interfere with your duties.

Think about where you have to go and how long it is going to take to get there, given differing road traffic conditions in different parts of the Peninsula.


http://www.mpca.asn.au/page14.php



Listen to the MPCA Cricket Show on 98.3 or 98.7 FM from 9.00am until 10.30am. If a game has been called off or if there are any alterations affecting your game, they will usually be mentioned during this show.

Checklist: before you leave home.

Shirt, cap, shoes, jacket, badge, black trousers, sunglasses, watch.

Bum bag: (Items with you on the ground) Counters (x2), overs card, pen and pencil, notepad, markers, chalk (in zip bag), spare bail/s.

And for on-field minor emergencies: a pocket knife, small scissors, band aids, lip and sun cream, insect repellent, gum or sweets.

Set Up Kit: Stump gauge, tape measure, mallet, brush, line marking paint, builder's sand, water bottle, rat-tail file for grooving stumps.

Documents: rules, Laws, report forms (Keep them in the car or kit)

Note: Many grounds do not have a separate change room for umpires. You should factor this into your preparation. Be warned: the toilets at some grounds can be awful. Consider taking your own toilet paper, soap and hand towel.

Ensure you have your phone and, in event of emergency, contacts for:

Your partner, Umpires Adviser, MPCA Gen Mgr, Emergency Services. But leave it turned off during play.

ARRIVAL AT THE GROUND & BEFORE THE GAME STARTS

1 Umpires are expected to be in attendance one hour before the start of play. If you are the first umpire to arrive do not inspect the pitch or ground until your partner arrives, nor do you discuss viability of play with others! A great way to p**s off your partner!! The basic rule when you are the first umpire to arrive is that you should defer walking onto the field before play, for any reason, for as long as possible, until such a time when it absolutely requires an umpire to be on the field. This advice applies throughout the match – i.e., Never be on the field of play without your partner!!!!

2 You will need to set the stumps, check the lines and touch up if necessary. If the lines need extensive remarking, the home side MUST attend to it before play can start.

3 When setting the stumps, mark where you will stand at Square Leg AND also at Point! This will be very handy should a runner be used! (See the note on Runners in this section)

4 Some also mark a small 'reminder' line in the best position for sighting a runout at the bowler's end. This gives you a quick target to position yourself on those short singles!

Pre Match Checklist

GROUND: Pitch-marking & stumps and bails set. Ground condition (holes,sprinkler heads, surface water etc.) Boundaries, obstacles (Are the boundaries 3 m in from all obstacles including fence and goal

posts?) Equipment (Is it good enough to use?) Weather? Is it good enough to start? Refer to “Fitness for Play”.

SCORERS: Watches used. Synchronised with yours. Times: Start/End, intervals Bowling restrictions – Check who is under age and write their names in your notebook.

U19 – 20 overs per innings (No spell limits) U17 – 16 U15 – 10

Discuss drinks break times (usually 2.15pm which splits the session into two lots of 1 hr 15 min) or three 50 minute sessions if over 30 degrees, it’s up to you)

CAPTAINS:

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-4-the-scorers,30,AR.html



Duties (Preamble, Law 42) Boundaries, obstacles Spec. match conditions Times/intervals (Inform captains of drinks breaks you consider fit) Team lists both signed by both captains and inspected by you and your partner PRIOR TO TOSS. Insurance form signed by at least one umpire.

As a team, introduce yourselves to both team captains as early as possible. Address the captains by their first name at all times during the game. You can clutter your mind with the batters' and bowlers' names. Or, you may just address them as “batter” and “bowler” until you are familiar with the players.

Using given names helps set a tone. Maybe copy the batting/bowling list then enter given names so you can address each by name when they come to bat. This is more preferable to trying to make a mental note of names during play. Or get the bowler’s name as they give you their hat. You can get the striker’s name from their partner.

Take care with using pet or nicknames unless you have previously established a good relationship. It often implies a familiarity that may not exist and can expose you to preconceptions of bias or just 'sucking up'. Maintain a respectful distance from the players.

1. Both Umpires must attend the toss between 15 and 30 minutes before the start of the match – In Uniform. Use this time to reinforce how you want the game conducted and enlist the captains to assist in the management of the game.

2. Before you go on to the ground, give the two teams a ‘5 minute warning’, make sure they don’t interpret the 5 minute alert to be a request to come out in 5 minutes, impress on them to follow you out immediately.

3. Obtain the match ball from the fielding captain. Make sure the ball given to you is a regulation (four piece for 1

st and 2

nd XI matches), MPCA stamped/approved, turf cricket ball.

4. It is in MPCA Rule 11 which says an approved new ball must be used in the first innings. If, by agreement between BOTH captains, an old ball is used in the second innings the branding may not be evident. Take care when checking that it is in acceptable condition and of approved type!

THE GAME IS ABOUT TO START

1 Giving a batter their guard:

However, occasionally you may come across batters who mean something different by ‘two legs’. If they ask you for this, it may be a good idea to confirm that they mean ‘middle and leg’. Some players (especially British) may offer you the full face of the bat when taking guard. You need to look at their outside edge when giving them guard

At the start of play and after each break, if play is starting from your end check the following: There are two scorers in position and get acknowledgment. Count players on ground Your partner is ready - get a signal The batter is ready The fielding captain is ready Then clearly call “Play” After a drinks or other interval, make sure both scorers are sitting at the table and acknowledge

them before calling . If there are not two scorers at the table do not allow play to proceed until there is.

What they ask for What this means

One leg Middle Stump at the bowlers end to the leg stump of the striker

Two legs or

Middle & Leg

Middle Stump at the bowlers end to half way between the strikers middle and leg stump

Centre Middle stump to middle stump

Leg to Leg Leg stump at the bowlers end to the leg stump of the striker




DURING THE GAME

Three rules:

Be alert!

Be invisible!

Be in the right place!

5. The players expect you to be able to tell them the following, so prepare and take notes for –

Times for tea, drinks, stumps How many overs should have been bowled after what times How many overs to be bowled by under-age bowlers

How many overs a player has bowled (limited overs matches)

Positioning Yourself and Watching Play

6. Bowler's end

At the bowler’s end, stand where you are in a position to see both the bowler’s front and back foot in the delivery stride. For fast bowlers, stand maybe 3 to 5 metres back from the stumps so you can then easily see the flight of the ball without having to move your head. You can, as a courtesy, ask the bowler if they are satisfied with your position.

Stay rock still, with arms/elbows in so as to not distract the batsman or impede the bowler.

Bowler's end - Positioning for Run Out. Move quickly to position for run outs.

i. Try to get some distance back so that you have a clearer overview. Very hard with short singles, but a good idea when setting stumps before play is to mark an "ideal sighting position" either side of the batting crease. That gives a guide for you to move efficiently to the correct position.

Generally, umpires have a choice of going to: the side the ball was hit

i. see the take of the ball at the stumps without the taker obscuring the catch and breaking of wicket.

OR The opposite side to the play So they can track the ball to the fielder and to keep out of the way of the ball and the fielders. This option allows you to see the track of the ball outward and inward, to see whether or not it has

crossed the boundary, whilst also allowing you to watch the crease for a short run.

Each has its problems/advantages: i. Going to the same side can interfere with the fielding if you get in line with the ball travel. Painful

at times! ii. Going to the opposite side, the taker can obscure the breaking of the wickets.

And/or you could interfere with a fielder backing up.

Square Leg Umpiring

7. Stand a comfortable 15 to 20 metres back. .

8. Be prepared to adjust position according to fielders placement. Move forward or back - or change to Point, if necessary, but maintain a clear line of view square of the batter.

9. If the light makes it difficult to see the line(s), or if you are impeded by/impeding a fielder, then change to the other side (i.e. Point), but inform both sides and your partner of what you are doing.

10. When standing at square leg the best distance to stand is 15-20 metres back, maybe 15 metres when the wicket keeper is standing up to the stumps. If a fielder is standing near to you, check to see if you need to stand a little deeper so as to move outside the fielder's path.



11. When the keeper is up to the stumps, the temptation is to watch the delivery, but you should concentrate on the striker’s back foot at the batting crease. Only when any risk of a stumping or hit-wicket has passed should you watch the ball.

12. This also ensures you can see that the 'keeper is not encroaching past the stumps.

13. Remember your duty to short runs when at Square leg. Get into the habit of glancing back to the batting crease to make sure the batter will ground their bat BEHIND the batting crease. Captains will be watching this and if they see you watching the ball rather than a possible short run they WILL try to con you into believing the batter ran short.

Run Outs - Positioning

14. Run Outs are often difficult because the batter is running across your position and it is often hard to judge the timing of bail removal.

Positioning is vital!

If you are in the right position at the time, it makes things much easier. It also diffuses dissent because players know you have positioned well for a clear view.

What to watch? There are two schools of thought: find the one which best suits you.

i. The Batting Crease will give you a clear view of where the bat is - or if the bat or foot is raised, yet with your peripheral vision you can still see the wickets being broken. (As with Stumpings) Resist the temptation to track the throw. By all means track the ball to the fielder, but then immediately switch straight back to the batting crease to allow your eyes to refocus before the bat nears the line. Don't watch the throw as you cannot adequately adjust to assess the batter's ground.

Alternatively:

ii. Watch the stumps - again, don't watch the play! (Just prior to the throw, focus on the stumps.) You can use peripheral vision to watch the bat and crease, but...

iii. Be mindful of when and how the wicket is broken!

The stumps can be broken by the ball or by the arm that is holding the ball, but no other part of the fielder's body or apparel. See Law 28.1 (v). "The Wicket is Down"

Working with your partner

Teamwork! That just about sums it up in one word! If there is a skerrick of division the players pick it up instantly and the game deteriorates. Both umpires immediately lose authority, confidence in each other and are exposed to loss of focus! If you see your partner as competition rather than an ally, it will quickly become evident to all! We all have different personalities and ideas. When officiating, we can't afford those differences to show. 'Clone' yourselves into one, indivisible unit!

NEVER enter into discussion with others about your partner's calls or performance. That is strictly between the two of you for after the match. Stay neutral and disengage quickly. Your partner values loyalty. So do the players - they quickly recognise someone who is disloyal and weak and will 'play' them all game!

Plan your day so that there is consistency and a common plan of attack. Compromise, if need be, in order to get a common, united and consistent approach. A more detailed list of the duties can be found in the section of the Role of the Umpire and also Law 3 - The Umpires.

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-28-the-wicket-is-down,54,AR.html




TIC TAC TOE

This is a high level team technique - and we strongly encourage it. It involves working cooperatively with your partner to verify decisions and support each other. It builds great teamwork and is an excellent way to remain focussed during a long days of play! Discuss whether you will both use it.

What How Who (Bowlers End / Sq Leg)?

Four balls gone in over

Should be used EVERY over by both umpires

Two fingers in a V, usually against background of trousers, for contrast (but can be held out to the side to avoid obstructions of line of sight).

Both

Three balls gone in over. This is rarely used – but handy if multiple wides or No Balls are delivered in an over

Tap the tip of your middle finger on both hands against each other

Both

Five balls gone in over (only if you have missed 4 balls gone)

One finger horizontally across the chest, or against trousers.

Both

Normal ball (no contacts) Hands by your side S

Ball hit bat Fingers tapping the back of other hand S

Ball deflects off batter. One hand tapping thigh S

Don’t know Hands behind your back S

Ball missed everything (Bye) Arms folded across chest S

Heard a noise (not sure what) Tug or scratch at ear lobe S

Full toss above waist height (fast bowler) or above shoulder height (slow bowler) Bouncer above head height (2 day game) Second bouncer above shoulder height in an over

Call & signal No Ball, if certain. If partner looks for your help, turn slightly to them and indicate your assessment with hand at waist, shoulder or head as applicable.

Either or both can call in MPCA.

(We encourage you to support the call of your partner.)

(1 day game) Bouncer above head

Tap your head S

I want to talk to you Hand making as if a glove puppet talking

Either

Did the ball carry? Two hands as cradle, palms up Either

The ball was not caught Palm down, as if pushing down S

So your 'Partner' is a player..!

If no appointed umpire, a substitute (either a club member or player from the batting team) may be your partner. Except for Law 3.2 which states that a substitute umpire is restricted to Square Leg umpiring (unless additional powers are agreed to by both captains), there are no definitive regulations for a procedure with substitute umpires! The MPCA Senior Playing Rules have no reference at all to substitutes!!! This can lead to difficulties, so plan ahead: Laws 3.2, 42.2 give you and the captains some leeway to decide on how the game will be conducted, so consult with captains to outline your plan. They may come to another arrangement (as per Law 3.2), but it is near certain that they will accede to your plan if it is reasonable. The most commonly agreed method is as follows: i. Clearly outline to BOTH sides that you are the one in total control and can over-rule if you have

sufficient grounds.




ii. The substitute square leg is to act totally impartially and must: Be properly uniformed as a player, with correct footwear (not thongs) PLUS an identifying

coloured garment or top. Officiate ONLY at Square Leg and ONLY on run outs and stumpings.

No Balls, etc, or reporting of players is your responsibility alone, not theirs. Count the balls each over (you could loan them your spare counter) and signal "2 to go!" Remain alert, not engage other players, and communicate regularly with you. Consult with you on any other matters that might arise.

iii. The stand-in umpire is still an umpire and is to be afforded all the respect and protection according to the Laws of Cricket.

iv. Each of the substitute umpires (they will probably rotate a few during the game) will need a clear understanding of your expectations of them! They must be impartial and can be replaced or even reported for cheating.

v. If you do over-rule, then immediately replace the Square Leg official with another and make a note of the incident. It may require a report.

Fitness for Play

Possibly the biggest nightmare for umpires! –

Weather, light and ground/pitch conditions, emergencies, etc (Law 3.8) can influence a game, and if something is not exactly right, the fun and games begin!

The Laws give umpires SOLE judgment of 'unsafe or unreasonable' conditions.

Inspect the conditions with your partner, 'unescorted' by others.

If the conditions are not ideal, that is not a reason in itself. Decide whether it 'unsafe or unreasonable' to continue.

If in doubt - no play. That covers your duty of care.

NEVER allow consideration of the current “state of the game” to enter into your reasoning to begin play or to delay play. The primary consideration is for safety of participants.

Claims of "It is unfair. We have to bowl with a damp ball; they didn't!" is very common and quite irrelevant. It is not unfair at all, it just unfortunate. Bad luck. Play on!

There are no “degrees of playability” when assessing if a pitch/ground is suitable for play. It is either playable or not.

Weather

When weather interferes with play:

DO everything possible to get the pitch and ground playable as soon as possible. Refer Law 3.8)

Be prepared to play through a shower if you believe it will pass quickly - bearing in mind the conditions for players holding their feet.

It sometimes occurs that players do not use appropriate footwear or playing techniques to adjust to conditions. The onus is on them to prepare themselves and perform appropriately so as not to endanger themselves or to unduly affect the progress of a game.

DO stick together as a team at all times. Make inspections, decisions and report to captains together!

DO make firm decisions i.e. don't agree on a course of action, then change your minds later on.

DON'T let either captain sway you by getting you on your own and putting their point of view.

DO keep both captains fully informed at all times.

Only answer questions after agreeing between yourselves on the answers.

DO inspect the pitch and ground regularly, and try to establish a schedule of inspection and reporting so that the captains know what you are doing at all times.

NEVER let others join you while inspecting the pitch and ground.

mailto:http:/www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-3-the-umpires,29,AR.html





DO think ahead, such as re-arranging intervals, so that the maximum playing time can be achieved.

DO make maximum use of ground staff. They know the ground and weather trends, and should have access to equipment.

DON'T let anybody think you are not doing everything within your power to ensure the earliest possible start.

If lightning flashes in the distance, apply the "30/30 rule" and prepare to abandon play.

The 30/30 rule: if thunder follows a lightning flash within 30 seconds, take cover immediately!

Runners - Injured Batter.

Very confusing for all! Some vital points on how to organise for runners are:

i. Mark a line at the Square Leg position and stand the runner/batter there! Inform both runner and batter. The batter is to follow the same instructions when off strike.

ii. Move to your position opposite them at POINT! (the Sq Leg line, runners, batters and pitch should all be visible to you.)

iii. When the injured batter is not on strike, they must stand at Square leg. The injured Batter is now considered to be out of the game! (Law 2.)

iv. Inform both sides that you will stay at point while there is a runner. Of course, you can go to Sq Leg and stand the runner at point. Either way is OK.

v. You now have a position with a clear view of the batter, runner and the game during any runout calls.

vi. At the bowler's end, NEVER be on the same side of the pitch as the runner/batter! They usually end up behind you in a runout situation and you will be unable to see them. Awkward!

vii. When a run is in progress, the Bowler's end umpire must move to the same side of the pitch as the Square Leg Umpire (Point or Off Side) so that they do not also get blindsided with the runner being behind them!

viii. Remember: The injured batter, when not batting, stands at Square Leg and is out of the game! They should not be run out, but can be Out for interfering with the field or Handled the Ball.

ix. Finally - as you recall for run outs, the advice is to not watch the play! Watch the batting crease or stumps. That way you will see if the touch down is correct for either a short run or run out.

Signals & Scorers

15. During play, do not allow the game to recommence until both scorers have acknowledged any signal you need to make. Scorers may just take it for granted especially with boundaries that are hit on the same side of the field as the scorers are situated. If you receive no acknowledgment keep repeating your signal until they do no matter how obvious the situation may appear. Ideally, don't call or shout out to the scorers trying to get their attention unless it becomes necessary. It's their job to be watching you!

16. Ensure you are standing side-on to the scorers when signalling leg byes, so they can clearly see your arm and leg action.

17. Multiple signalling: If a No Ball goes to the boundary without having come off the strikers bat or glove, you have multiple signals to make – No Ball, bye (or leg bye if off the body), followed by boundary four. That is: in the sequence of occurrence! (This instance should be recorded by the scorer as 5 No Balls.)

At the next break ensure they have recorded this correctly. Some scorers will have it marked down as only 4 No Balls or even 4 No Balls plus 1 Bye or Leg Bye.

As above, if a ball called wide goes to the fence it is 5 Wides – At the next break check that 5 Wides is registered. A lot of scorers will have it down as 4 Wides.

18. Boundary Fours should be “called audibly”. This is to assist the batter who may be concentrating hard on running between wickets. As soon as they hear the umpire's call of “Four Runs” they know the ball is dead and can stop running. (see also appendix Umpire Signals)

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-2-substitutes-and-runners-batsman-or-fielder-leaving-the-field-batsman-retiring-batsman-commencing-innings,1338,AR.html

http://www.lords.org/mcc/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-2-substitutes-and-runners-batsman-or-fielder-leaving-the-field-batsman-retiring-or-batsman-commencing-innings/



Giving Decisions

1. Consistency is as important as ‘right’.

2. There are no video replays – so the players won’t know either – just make your decision FIRMLY, clearly and confidently! Never joke with the players suggesting it go to “The Third Umpire”.

3. If you make a mistake, you can revoke it! BUT do it immediately (within, say, 30 seconds). You will actually gain respect for quickly righting a wrong.

4. If you realise the error after the next ball is bowled, it is too late! Everyone must now live with it. Move on. Do NOT:

Dwell on it (That will incite them to induce you to...)

Try to even it up! ONE error is enough!!

5. Calling Wides - Be consistent. (see notes on Law 25 - Wides) The MPCA do NOT have different rules or interpretations for One Day or Two Day fixtures! A wide is interpreted the same in both styles of our games. The ball should pass near to the batter, and inside the return crease. However, there are some tricks for young players!

It is not just a matter of how wide the ball is from the stumps, but (as the Laws specify) it is how wide from the batter in their normal/customary position! If a batter moves from their customary stance into a position to play a shot - and in doing so, brings a wider ball into reach to be able to play a 'legitimate' cricket shot - then it is almost certainly not a wide delivery. The batter chose not to play it when they could reasonably have done so. This is more common with slow bowling.

Also, if a ball is wide of the stumps, and the batter steps away from the line, they have elected to let the ball go. If the ball had been playable from their normal position, it is not a wide.

The ball is NOT DEAD because of a call of Wide, so a batter can run or still be out run out, stumped, hit wicket, obstructing the field or handled the ball.

6. Take your time in making your decision – particularly LBW’s. Remember all the components of the LBW decision. (A good tip is to run through the 'step' rule in your mind prior to making your decision. 1. Fair delivery? 2.Pitched in the correct line (i.e not outside leg stump)? 3. struck pad first, in line? 4. Hitting stumps? and was there an appeal) Remember if in doubt – not out.

7. Try to look at the batter when giving them out. An umpire whose head is down with finger up gives an impression of one who is unsure of their decision - just offhand. Leave your finger in the air until the batter starts to walk off.

8. If the batter “Walks” there is no need to raise your finger, however, if they are out, it would be appropriate to raise the finger to avoid them thinking they were given Not Out and trying to return to the crease.

9. If giving a decision “Not Out” make sure you say “Not Out” loudly and clearly (but don’t shout). Look at the bowler or appealer when you call as this gives an air of confidence in your decision.

10. Do not enter into lengthy debates with players re: your decision. If the bowler or the fielding captain asks (not disputes) your reasons for not giving the batter out, be succinct in your answer. A good response for LBW’s is something like “I saw it missing leg stump.” If the bowler questions your decision, do not respond at all - or say quietly that you’ll clarify at the end of the over/next break in play (this gives time for them to calm down). If it still persists, you don’t have to take it - call dead ball and confer with your partner before taking action.

11. Generally a quiet word to the player (or, if required, to the captain) is enough. If more is needed, call dead ball and discuss the matter with your partner who will give you guidance and support. From then on you must act together. Note – such incidences are pretty rare.

12. On rare occasions a serious incident can occur without a lead up escalation as described above. If such an incident occurs, an umpire needs to take firm action by making a report immediately. Incidents such as intentional physical contact between players are not to be tolerated. See the “Reporting And Tribunal” section below for further information.

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-25-wide-ball,51,AR.html

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-36-leg-before-wicket,62,AR.html



Whew! Half way there. Tea Break

1. If you are at the non-striker's end for the last ball before tea, ensure you call "over" and then the word “TIME”. Respect the traditions of the laws by not calling things like “that’s tea” or “let's have a rest”. Simply call “Time”; that’s all the laws ask you to do. Remove the bails and place them on the ground. Make sure you keep the match ball during Lunch and Tea Intervals. Generally, the bowler's end umpire for the next over should hold the ball.

2. Remember, stick rigidly to times, particularly when in 'junk time' and playing out time until stumps. Players do twig that you want to get off early and will quickly lose respect for you.

Exceptions are:

If a wicket falls within 2 minutes of a scheduled break then call 'time' -

unless it is the 9th

wicket, whereby:

If nine wickets have fallen at the scheduled tea time (see Law 15.8), up to a further 30 minutes must be played in order to complete the innings. Tea shall then be taken..

HOWEVER! If the innings is still not completed after the additional 30 mins has elapsed, then tea must be taken.

3. Record which end play restarts and who is on strike and confirm with your partner. The ball should be held by the next bowler's end umpire. Do this for ALL breaks in play!

4. The tea break in a two day game is not as long as you think and is calculated from the call of “Time” to the call of “Play”. Whatever, you should consider that at least 7 of those minutes are lost, as you are last off the field and first back out 5 minutes before resumption of play. Make a toilet stop regardless of apparent need. It may be more than three and a half hours until your next chance.

5. Confer with your partner and scorers to confirm the books. Do not allow play to restart until agreement is reached between the scorers.

6. Note the break times, score or any other relevant point in the scorebook. Then enjoy Afternoon Tea if time permits.

7. The home team might need to re-mark the creases or sweep the dust from the bowlers footmarks. If they don’t, then feel free to ask them if they can do it for you.

8. If you have any special dietary needs the teams' tea won’t cater for it. Take your own. Your sugar levels may be depleted by this time. Replenish with a sports drink (e.g. Gatorade).

9. Sit down and rest your feet for as long as you can, keeping in mind that you also need to check the scores and reapply your sun-block. Eat only a small amount, if anything. Cool down if needed. All umpires will eventually find themselves a routine during tea.

Drawing Stumps!

1. Danger time is later in the session after tea and 'Junk Time' before stumps. You tire quickly and can lose concentration. Stretch when you can and use routines to keep you focussed, particularly, Tic Tac Toe or 'Clock In' frequently with your partner!

2. In MPCA 2 Day games, so-called Junk Time is when the game has a 1st Innings result, but time must

be played out until scheduled stumps of 6.PM - or, by agreement with the captains - any time after 5 pm.

Players often feel frustrated with the futility of this 'dead' time and can become irritable with each other, or you. Stay alert, encourage them to finish it in the right manner and show you understand their frustration, but that everyone has obligations to complete it.

3. At most grounds the umpires bring the stumps back in when the day's play is over.

4. Remember to pick up your bowler's run-up marker, chalk, etc.

5. If the game continues into another day, remember to note who bowled the last over, from which end, and who faced the last ball.

6. Also note the overnight score in your notebook (and, on the score books, there’s a place for this which you should initial).

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-15-intervals,41,AR.html

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-15-intervals,41,AR.html



7. You will need to check that the books agree. If there’s a discrepancy, get the captains to sort it out. If the books have been “dumped” by the players at the end of an innings (during the day) do NOT allow the next innings to begin until the completed innings has been balanced off.

8. In the event of a completed match, where the books don’t add up, and there is dispute, you should give the scorers about 10 minutes to try to mutually agree on the winner. If after 10 minutes there is no agreement you should confiscate BOTH score-books and submit them with your umpires report to the MPCA. Inform the clubs and Association of this action. (See Law 21- The Result)

9. The Laws say the result is on one innings or on two as agreed before the game. MPCA One and Two Day rules allow a result on either one innings or two. One Day matches conditions vary in MPCA C and D Grades, so check the rule details if umpiring a final.

10. By this stage, you should have been paid! The clubs have a responsibility to see that you are paid - by the Tea Interval at the very latest!!. Most will pay before the game. If not, then you have two options: ask for it at the tea break (the captain may have just forgotten!), or let the MPCA know and they will chase it for you. It is demeaning to have to ask for payment, but leaving it to the MPCA can also cause some bad blood. If you have a partner, they may intervene for you. Ultimately, the decision is up to you - but remember! You should NOT have to ask!!

Reviewing the Match

11. Confer with your partner to review the match:

Lodging the Match Report

Best Players' votes

Decide who will lodge reports and votes.

Analyse the umpiring and game management openly and frankly.

Analyse the way the game was conducted by the two clubs.

i. Do ask your partner for feedback and pointers at the end of each day. Don't make comments about your own game without first getting your partner's feedback. Give and take comments with grace and honesty. Take them on board, but do not stress over them.

ii. It is best to select just one or maybe two things to concentrate on – ask your partner what is the most important improvement needed for the next day. Find out what you do well. Then work on what can be improved.

12. At the conclusion of matches, some Associations have a formal Review session with Captains and Umpires. As yet, we don't, but you may consider consulting captains for their impressions on the game, their better players and even the umpire management. Try to handle this without hubris or resentment. Captains' inputs can be valuable and instructive and they can also gain from your impressions. BUT! Be diplomatic!

13. You only need to retain the match ball overnight when the game is played over consecutive days (i.e. a final) or over 2 Saturdays. You need to keep the ball from day 1 to day 2.

14. It may also be useful to keep the overs cards in a folder so you can remember captain’s and bowlers’ names next time you get that team.

15. For new umpires not used to standing for long periods there’s a real chance you will be very tired at the end of the day so don’t plan to do anything in the evening. Relax and put your feet up.

16. If you are prone to night headaches or cramps, make sure to drink adequate amounts of water (dehydration is a major factor in these problems).

After The Match

1. Spend the time with your partner to review and refocus, then enjoy the camaraderie of cricket in the social rooms.

Don't overstay or over-indulge!

Do not impose yourself on the players, but instead, be available and approachable, then leave with a positive air when the time is right.

They will be interested in the day's play, themselves and cricket in general, not your credentials as a player or umpire. So, keep a modest and respectful profile.

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-21-the-result,47,AR.html

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-21-the-result,47,AR.html




2. Listen carefully at any informal post-match feedback session with the captains/players, but don’t get hung up or defensive on any comments (unless they’re positive, in which case believe every word!). Discuss any of their comments with your partner who may well have a different view.

PLAYER MANAGEMENT & HANDLING CONFLICT

In the main, players accept that we umpires have a difficult job to do and they will generally want what we want: a tough game played in good spirit. Keep in mind that the control of players in a team is always the responsibility of the captain. If the captain is acting to control an issue leave them alone unless they are unable to do so. We must not act to diminish the captain's authority. Still, players have different approaches and will try to make the game conform to their concepts. Most times, this will be the same as yours. When it isn't then you must act....

Overview

Act swiftly, but don't act too early! Given the advice in the previous paragraph, it is easier to resolve issues by acting as soon as any unacceptable player behaviour is detected... but don't go too hard too early! Usually a simple word to the player(s) does the trick. Strong but neutrally expressed positive steps are the best approach. Don't judge! Something like, "OK! You've both had a say, now let's get on with it!" is enough to let them know you are alert, firm and will monitor it. Do not accept "But what about them..!!" replies. Reiterate your last statement and restart play. A glance at the captain is always a good idea. It gives a subtle signal that they may have to take control. (See Preamble) Set clear boundaries and stick to them. The Preamble to the Laws and the provisions of Law 42 (Unfair Play) demand a set of behaviours that we are obliged to enforce. Follow through if you have to. Players do not respect you if you talk big on the field and then decide not to proceed with the appropriate action after the match. They can detect inconsistency. In their minds it reflects on all umpires, and they will have less faith in all umpires. Next match, the umpires will be tested again. Remember our role is to witness the incidents and refer possible infractions of the rules to

the authorities, not to punish. Judgment of incidents and any penalties are Pennant Committee/Tribunal responsibilities, not ours. There are several types of dispute that can arise. Most common is the conflict between players that tends to escalate gradually. If you do see matters becoming difficult, here is a step-by-step guide to handle them.

Action How Comment

In the event of low-level unacceptable behaviour act immediately and escalate if necessary as follows

1) Talk to the player(s). Have a quiet word with the player(s) involved, so others can’t hear. In the vast majority of cases this is all that is required.

In any case, when convenient, privately inform your partner of your concern and action.

For a batter, talk to them when a non-striker. For a bowler, talk to them immediately so that they understand that what has happened is unacceptable. If you feel it will be more effective to allow the situation to calm down talk to them at the start of the next over

2) If the player does not respond correctly, talk to their captain. Remember if the player at fault is a batsman, they act for the batting captain.

Between overs, have a quiet word away from others. Most captains will take action and no more is needed.

Reinforce with the captain that the resolution lies with them and it is their first responsibility to solve the matters at hand.

3) If the player still does not respond correctly, tell your partner

Tell your partner what has happened without unduly stopping the game; find a time that looks casual.

This ensures that if it recurs, your partner knows the player has already been talked to. It also means you are both prepared if you do have to take more serious action.

This level of minor, but unacceptable behaviour may continue without demanding a strong sanction from you, so you may need to use this process a couple of times before moving to the next level.



If the problem continues, or escalates into further unacceptable behaviour it then becomes unacceptable.

Inform the captain and the player that the matter is serious and that it must be resolved without delay. Further action will be considered at the end of the day’s play.

Always do this in conjunction with your partner

Make detailed notes of the time, overs, players involved, the cause of the dispute etc. and the content of any discussion.

Do's and Don'ts in Conflict Situations.

If the matter is very serious in its initial manifestation, (for example if there was physical conflict or a display of clear dissent aimed at an umpire) then you must act decisively and immediately.

Do not put off decisive actions simply because there have been no preliminary issues.

The conduct of the game must be consistent right from the first ball. Just as a batsman can be out off the first ball of the day so serious action might be needed to manage a player’s behaviour from the first ball of the day.

Do

Act calmly, but firmly and respectfully at all times.

Always use moderate language. Respect!

When a player asks you a direct question, whatever their tone, always give them a straight answer. A good decision can be ruined by a bad explanation or attitude– keep it brief, polite and to the facts. Avoid sarcastic or smart-arse comments.

Talk to the players, not at them.

Expect/insist the players to do the same to you when they query a decision.

Avoid protracted answers when queried. If possible, wait until a break or the end of the over to answer queries. Passions also die down by then. You can also concentrate on the game.

Deal with the behaviours. Don’t take sides, judge personalities, or the reasons behind issues.

Talk to each player about the behaviour you want from them. Don’t get involved in arguments about what another player supposedly did.

Before the game, become acquainted with both captains and (especially if you or they are new) explain to them that there may be times during the game when you will need their help. Explain to them that we expect the match will be played with a high level of competitiveness, but even so, that they are obliged to ensure the game is played within the spirit of the game.

Act early before an issue has developed momentum – it’s much easier to put out a small fire than a furnace. If you tolerate personal abuse early in a game it’s difficult for players to understand why the standard has changed at a later stage. You also leave your partner vulnerable!

Watch and listen for potential flash-points. Remember that we are dealing with men and not children. Treat them with an understanding of the state of the game that may have generated the conflict issue. If concerned, let your partner know.

Be aware of the interpersonal relationships at play. Some players have a history of conflict; others are close friends who use verbal jousts as a part of their relationship. If you notice something, check with your partner to see if they know any background.

When you do have to take further and potentially serious action, tell the players that it will be discuss with them at the end of the day what action, if any, we will take - including the possibility of them being reported for a possible breach of the Code of Conduct.

Carefully note the events that have triggered the problem, as this is evidence that may be used by the Tribunal.

Don’t

Feel guilty about a decision. If you have doubts about it, too bad! It was not deliberate! Give yourself the same advice and concession players get when they drop a catch or play a bad shot. "Get the next one, mate. Get on with it!"

Start a game with a general warning regarding acceptable behaviour: captains clearly understand the parameters without the need for threats. A negative start sets a bad tone.



Play favourites. Just because a player has treated you well up to the conflict do not assume their innocence, or give their behaviour preferential treatment.

Allow yourself to make a judgment of who is in the right or wrong; that role may belong to a judiciary at a later stage.

Fail to act further if the players do not respond as required.

Issue threats during the game (eg ‘If you do that once more, we will put you on report.’). Just tell them what we expect and give them an opportunity to adjust their behaviour. Threats can escalate a deterioration of the relationship between the players and the umpires.

Attempt to prove who’s the boss – anyway, it’s not us! We are managers not authoritarians.

Preparing to Cope with Conflict

Communication and teamwork are the keys to effectively controlling the conduct of the match. Consult and support your partner throughout. If you see your partner coming under pressure, quietly move close without necessarily interceding. Be prepared to speak should it be required, but your presence should be enough. It will encourage your partner and discourage the antagonists from thinking they have "cut one from the herd".

Let the players play the game and don’t interfere or become part of the game unnecessarily. However; there are times when an umpire needs to intervene when banter or “gamesmanship” goes beyond being merely competitive.

You know that some consider umpires as 'fair game'. They may try to get at you, particularly if they feel 'hard done by' in a decision. Remember that being an umpire does not make you immune from criticism. Learn to discern where the line is. Be aware of this and develop techniques to cope:

Most reportable incidents follow from a disputed decision, an escalation of sledging, or comments between players. If it goes beyond reasonable competitive behaviour, the time has come to speak to the players and captains to let them know that it must desist. Once you have let the players know where the line is drawn, on most occasions they will moderate their behaviour to an acceptable level. If they do not, then it is the role of the umpires together to take appropriate action. BUT, do it through the captains.

Defusing Tense Situations :

Rehearsing carefully chosen answers in tense situations allows you to have a considered and sensible response when a conflict erupts. Carefully chosen responses can immediately relieve a situation. Bad ones can erupt into chaos!

Again, your considered response can 'kick in' when the time comes. They reduce the need to search for an answer on the spot while demonstrating that you are well-prepared and on top of the situation. A nightmare occurs when you say the wrong thing under pressure!

Respectful, firm and clear or straightforward responses are the most effective. Rehearse this approach over and over.

Some Possible Phrases You Might Use:

“Have a word with your guys about staying focussed, please”. But be specific about the incident/s concerning you..

To the captain, when there is a problem with the team: “… Can you help us out with that?” or “… Can you keep an eye on that for us?”

“I know you’re disappointed, but I (we) firmly believe the decision is correct, so let’s just get on with and we'll talk about it later”

Remember: Players want your respect, not necessarily your friendship.

At all times act calmly, fairly and dispassionately! Show some concern if appropriate, but not alarm and certainly not anger!.

PRACTICE during the week about being in control. Imagine conflict scenarios and rehearse your measured response. It will 'kick in' when it does occur in the real!

Ignore or downplay it - ONLY if not really serious. Generally, players will flare in the moment and calm down and desist. The heat-of-the-moment outburst generally dies very quickly. Give it a moment to cool, then quietly speak to them if needed. Confronting them when highly agitated can easily see it get out of hand.



If it escalates: quietly and CALMLY mention something like "C'mon, mate. Take a minute to settle it down" is non threatening and involves them in the solution. If it persists, remind the player that the behaviour is unacceptable (under Law 42 and the Preamble). Maintain eye contact and display positive, but not aggressive, body language to indicate your resolution.

If there is a negative reaction, remain resolute and dispassionate. If necessary, update your partner and call the captain over (who should be quietly moving in to support).

Under no circumstances show any signs of anger, derision or become overly emotive. That indicates loss of control and the situation can become worse as players sense you are 'losing it'..

Last resort: start the report procedure. Consult your partner and record details.

Recovering from Conflict and Disappointment

It is normal for umpires to become stressed when their performance is questioned or they have suffered abuse, dissent or disrespect. But it isn't mandatory! Some people are able to absorb stress more than others. Lucky them! Some insist on handling it themselves. That's OK, but if you are going to:

Work at trying to regain a positive attitude. Recognize any positive changes in your situation. Focus on the future. Take steps to gain control of your environment. Make decisions, whenever possible, that will

be positive for you. Preferably, don't go it alone! Everyone deserves support! Get advice and support from others

as necessary, including colleagues, family or friends, etc. If you think about giving up umpiring - even briefly - it is SERIOUS stress! Get support. The MPCUA has an appointed, experienced Welfare Officer whose responsibility is to help maintain the emotional equilibrium of our colleagues. Please approach them in confidence - WITH confidence. You are valued by your umpiring mates!! Recovering from a stressful situation often has a complex and confusing set of emotive responses. Stress does that to you. Recognise the symptoms of stress: Pressures usually cause feelings of:

A lack of control over the situation. Tightness of your muscles and breathing. Loss of feeling for the game, its values and participants. Withdrawal

This results in: Loss of basic technique and discipline. Distraction from your tasks. Worsening of performance; ...which leads to .....more stress!.

Let's try to get rid of it. Try these simple suggestions:

Stand with your feet shoulder width apart and knees slightly bent. Relax your neck and shoulder muscles. Direct your thoughts inward and realise how tense the rest of your body may be. Try to breathe normally. Feel the heaviness that occurs. Take a deep slow breath (at least 5 seconds) and feel the tension leave. Continue with a few more deep breaths. Clear your mind of irrelevant thoughts. Focus on the next ball.

Thought Control — turning negative thoughts into positive ones. POSITIVE "OK, It happened. Now I have to get on with life."

In short, forgive yourself! It's over, learn, then go forward. POSITIVE "Stay focussed, support my partner and watch the ball." NEGATIVE "I don't need this crap. I'm off!"" NEGATIVE "l made another blue. I hope I can avoid mistakes"

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-42-fair-and-unfair-play,68,AR.html

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/preamble-to-the-laws,475,AR.html



Please do not internalise conflict. It needs to be examined and dealt with - openly and honestly. That invariably requires talking it over with someone you trust. That should help peel back the layers of confusion and doubt. They may ask:

How are you feeling? Can you accept this outcome? How can we help you? How could we work to accept or change this outcome? How can we move to a positive future?



REPORTING AND TRIBUNAL PROCEDURES

Making a Report

If a situation arises where you determine that a report is necessary, umpires should adopt the following procedure.

Call and signal dead ball Join up with your umpiring partner and advise them that you intend making a report and the

reason for so doing. If the reported player is a member of the fielding side, call them and the captain over to you.

Remain with your partner who will help corroborate the evidence and give support. Advise both that you are making a report and the reason for the report Do not engage in an argument with the player or their captain, but do explain why the report

is being made! You do NOT have to justify making a report! The reason is justification enough!

Recording the report

MAKE BRIEF NOTES in your notebook regarding the report including the player/s involved, time or over number (ie over 43 ball 2). Notes should be brief (don't delay the game unnecessarily) but sufficient to prompt you at the end of the days play as to what occurred. It is very important in the case of dissent or offensive language to write down exactly the words or actions used that are the subject of the report. Defence will try to create doubt from unclear recollections.

Confer with your partner to validate any points, then record them simply and factually. If any of the players (or your partner) are witnesses to the behaviour, also record the name of

the witness as well. If the reported player is one of the batters, they should be advised immediately and their captain

advised at the next available opportunity (ie drinks break, tea break or end of play) At the first available opportunity after you leave the field, fill out the report form and serve copies

on the reported player and the captain. Keep the details of the reported offence brief but sufficient to clearly identify what the player has been reported for.

Make comprehensive notes of what occurred so that you are able to recall the incident properly at any subsequent tribunal hearing. Remember that while every effort is made by the MPCA to hold tribunal hearings as soon as possible after the incident, sometimes there may be a delay of a couple of weeks or more prior to the tribunal hearing.

On the night after the report is made you should advise the Umpires Adviser and the MPCA General manager that you have made a report, and submit a copy of the report to the General Manager ASAP. Seek advice on how to do this, if you are unsure.

If the report fits the criteria for one of the set penalties but the umpire feels that the incident is too serious to be dealt with by way of the set penalty then the General Manager needs to be advised of this.

Unless there is very good cause, DO NOT back down or water down your report at the Hearing. If you made the report at the time, stand by it or revoke it as early as possible - clearly citing your reasons. Changing it (particularly on the night of the hearing) could well leave you open to perceptions that you either made a trivial/erroneous report or that you have somehow been compromised. Apart from wasting everyone's time (Tribunal, advocates, players,etc.), it erodes confidence in the credibility of all other umpires!

Tribunal Process

If the matter is to go before the Independent Tribunal, you will be advised of the time and location by the General Manager. The basic tribunal Procedure is outlined below.

The Independent tribunal will consist of (usually) 3 Tribunal members. The reported player and their advocate will be present and will remain in the tribunal for the entire hearing except for during the deliberations.

The reporting umpire is entitled to an advocate if they wish. Please use one! If another club’s player is present as a witness they may also have an advocate to represent

them. At the commencement of the hearing all parties will be introduced and their status clarified ie

witness, advocate or reported player.



On occasions a club may request an observer to be present. This may be allowed by the tribunal; however that person is not entitled to ask questions or make any comments unless specifically asked by the tribunal members.

The charge will then be read to the reported player and they are asked to plead guilty or not guilty.

Any witnesses will be asked to leave the room The reporting umpire will then give their evidence and may be asked questions by any of the

tribunal members, the reported player or any of the advocates present. Witnesses will then be called in turn and may also be asked questions by the tribunal, advocates

and/or reported player. The reported player is also asked questions by tribunal members and advocates. Once all witnesses and the reported player have given their evidence, all parties are asked to

leave the room while the tribunal makes their deliberations. As an umpire, our job is now finished. All witnesses including the reporting umpire may now

leave if they wish. When a decision has been reached, the tribunal will call all parties back in and announce their

finding. If the decision is that the player is guilty, the players advocate will be asked to talk about the player’s contribution to their club and previous record.

The tribunal will then (in everyone’s absence) consider a penalty and then call all parties back in to advise them of what penalty has been imposed.

Tribunal decision may be appealed to the Pennant Committee by a player, club, umpire or the MPCA.

So You Lost!?

If the Tribunal declares the player Not Guilty, it is common to think you 'lost' the case. No you didn't! The very act of reporting is a powerful statement that you respect the game, its rules and that you will not accept poor behaviour! A principled and courageous stance. We applaud you! Please reflect on these points: The final deliberations of the Tribunal Hearing is out of our hands and given over to an independent

panel. They will make a judgment based on the evidence as presented at that Hearing. It is not a judgment of your honesty, integrity or fairness!! We all know that players and their advocates will have a very different interpretation of events and

will present these at the Hearing. Semantics, minutiae and emotive arguments will abound. For that reason, the advice above to ensure your evidence is as bulletproof as possible, becomes very important . BUT - technicalities or strategies may still be able to get around solid evidence.

It is not a personal matter and it should not be considered a personal battle. You reported a player for misdemeanor, not because you had something personal against them. Likewise: the Tribunal must make their ruling in the same objective manner. They must satisfy the process that any guilt is firmly established - and this gives the defendant a big advantage.

Many umpires take no interest in the judgment. It is of no concern to them and often leave immediately after giving their evidence. They have no personal investment in the outcome, other than the feeling that they have completed their part of the job. It is a sensible policy and demonstrates a high degree of professionalism and impartiality.

What needs to be remembered is that the report - regardless of outcome - sends a big signal that the game, its rules, spirit and participants are protected by dedicated and committed umpires!

That player will not relish the idea of appearing before a Tribunal again. It is a daunting and intimidating process. No-one likes to be called to account and they will be far more circumspect next time.

That is where we, your colleagues, applaud you. Your commitment and courage will ultimately modify behaviour in not only that individual, but all players. Ultimately, it will build greater respect for us as a community of umpires, and for the game in general.



THE LAWS OF CRICKET - Outline

Basic, common interpretations of situations you are most likely to confront. Please consult the latest MPCA Rules and MCC Laws of Cricket for detailed information. Oddly, we use two sets of regulations! The Laws of Cricket are like Constitution rules. They describe and outline the game and the manner in which it shall be conducted. They are our major guidelines. Local (MPCA) rules are like By Laws; they operate underneath The Laws, deal with our local competitions, and so, refer to local conditions. Often they over-rule or modify The Laws of Cricket, and thus, are less comprehensive; dealing only with minor tweaks to suit the local games. You need to be aware of both sets of regulations and as to which are relevant. For example, many of The Laws relate to playing conditions of First Class cricket, turf wickets and the like, while the MPCA has different times/over requirements, breaks, concrete pitches, under-age bowlers, etc.

THE PREAMBLE – THE SPIRIT OF CRICKET

Cricket is a game that owes much of its unique appeal to the fact that it should be played not only within its Laws but also within the Spirit of the Game. Any action which is seen to abuse this spirit of fair play rests with the captains.

There are two Laws which place the responsibility for the team’s conduct firmly on the captain.

Responsibility of captains

The captains are responsible at all times for ensuring that play is conducted within the Spirit of the game as well as within the Laws. Captains and umpires together set the tone for the conduct of a cricket match. Every player is expected to make an important contribution to this. Enlist the support of the captains at the toss. They will manage their players. If they don't, remind

them of their obligation and take action yourself if it is obvious that the captain/s won't.

i. Player conduct

In the event of a player failing to comply with instructions by an umpire, or criticising by word or action the decisions of an umpire, or showing dissent, or generally behaving in a manner which might bring the game into disrepute, the umpire concerned shall in the first place

report the matter to the other umpire and

to the player’s captain and

instruct the latter to take action. If the captain's action is unsatisfactory, then you should report both the player and the captain.

ii. Fair and unfair play

According to Law 42, the umpires are the sole judges of fair and unfair play. The umpires may intervene at any time and it is the responsibility of the captain to take action where required. It is against the Spirit of the Game: i. To dispute an umpire’s decision by word, action or gesture ii. To direct abusive language towards an opponent or umpire iii. To indulge in cheating or any sharp practice, for instance:

to appeal knowing the batter is not out to advance towards an umpire in an aggressive manner when appealing to seek to distract an opponent either verbally or by harassment with persistent clapping

or unnecessary noise under the guise of enthusiasm and motivation of one’s own side. Excessive appeals can have a number of reasons:

It is a pre-arranged team tactic They sense uncertainty or lack of experience in the umpire They feel they were "wronged" in a previous decision and are trying to force some

compensation. Be alert to all of this and gently, but firmly, caution if it looks like escalating. Much of this can go beyond banter, so if you tolerate too much it can become difficult for you and your partner to control.



http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws

http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/preamble-to-the-laws,475,AR.html



Diagrams: Umpiring Signals, LBW, No Ball - Foot

Placement, Boundary markings.

Umpiring Signals

No Ball - Foot Placement



LBW examples

Boundary Marking



DEFINING ATTITUDE

(An extract from "Choosing a Positive Attitude - How Attitude Can Affect Your Performance" , by Barry Rennie, WACA.) Attitude is the 'state of mind with which you approach a situation or look at the world.' It is part of what you bring to the match. It is demonstrated by how you act and react. It is how you feel and how you make others feel. It can be seen to be positive or negative. Attitude affects performance.

Your attitude that you take out onto the ground will have a significant impact on the quality of performance and certainly affect other peoples perception of your performance. What is a positive mental attitude? " There is little difference between people, but the little difference makes a big difference. The little difference is attitude. The big difference is whether it is positive or negative." Attitude is contagious. Would you like someone to catch yours? Attitude is: Internal - how we think and how we feel, our mindset. This is the voice inside that can send positive messages and reinforce positive behaviours or it can eat away at our confidence. This can be emotionally and physically draining. External - the way we communicate this mind set to others. Our behaviour is the personification of our attitude.

Success! Which do you choose??

To a large extent we can determine the level of success we achieve by adopting characteristics that are associated with being successful. There is no guarantee that we will achieve our goals but at least with the right mind set we create the space in which we can give ourselves a chance to be successful. Successful people display consistent and identifiable characteristics. Each of these is a result of decisions we can make. We can control our mindset and at least give ourselves a chance of success.

Success characteristics Limiting characteristics 1. expects a good performance 1.fears failure 2. positive attitude 2. negative attitude 3. optimistic outlook 3. pessimistic outlook 4. positive personal belief 4. negative personal belief 5. excellent people skills 5. poor people skills 6. seizes opportunity 6. procrastinates 7. sense of urgency 7. risk avoidance 8. proactive creator 8. reactive complainer 9. knowledgeable 9. uninformed 10. anticipates challenge 10. denies challenges

It may seem easy to choose the 'success characteristics' but it may be easier not to choose them!

REALLY USEFUL ATTITUDES

By incorporating these attitudes into our officiating personality and manner when we umpire we will be recognised as having a positive attitude. This positive attitude gives us the opportunity to be successful. For each of these, consider where you are at now and how you could make changes to officiating style.

warm helpful enthusiastic engaging confident laid back supportive patient relaxed welcoming obliging cheery curious interested resourceful courageous



THE POWER OF A POSITIVE ATTITUDE

Having a positive attitude helps you cope more easily with the events that occur during a match and makes it easier to avoid distractions and negative thinking. With a positive attitude you expect the best to happen. A positive attitude gives you the strength to believe in your ability to be successful. By choosing to adopt a positive attitude it provides the mental excuse to behave consistently. A person with a negative attitude is more likely to display less predictable behaviours. Other participants (players and captains in particular) in the match respect consistent and predictable behaviours. Your attitude is your choice. Having a positive attitude can affect not just yourself but everybody around you as well. People tend to trust those with a positive attitude. People will go to the person with the positive attitude because they have confidence in the person to make rational and reasonable decisions. A positive attitude says you believe you can achieve success. A positive attitude is not a guarantee of success but is a pillar on which success can be achieved. A positive attitude provides motivation to get through rough situations. There will be times in a match (and in life) when our knowledge, ability and credibility will be challenged. A positive attitude gives us many of the tools to remain confident that we are competent to do the job.

ATTRIBUTES OF A SUCCESSFUL UMPIRE

Umpires were surveyed to identify the attributes they believed were displayed by the elite level of umpires. These were the top 20. How many of these are determined by your choice of attitude? 1. excellent knowledge (Laws etc) 11. integrity 2. strength of character 12. enthusiastic 3. empathy 13. reliable 4. flexibility 14. fair 5. happy 15. assertive 6. supportive 16. positive 7. tells the truth 17. forgiving 8. honest 18. friendly 9. eager 19. creative 10. compassion 20. loyal It turns out that 18 of the 20 are your choice. You can choose to successful by having a positive attitude. These are a reflection of the attitude that you take into the match.

CONSCIOUSLY CHOOSING A POSITIVE ATTUDE

Each day we have the power to choose our attitude that we take into the day. Most of us tend to let our circumstances choose our attitude for us. We're in a good mood as long as we get up on time, the kids cooperate and get to school on time, the car starts without a problem, we don't encounter any traffic jams on the way to work, the boss doesn't yell, our workload is manageable, etc. This system can work fine as long as everything runs smoothly in our lives. But that's not always the case, is it? Situations don't always adhere to our expectations. Accidents happen. Delays happen. Spouses and bosses can be difficult to please. Vehicles break down. Kids may resist our efforts to keep the schedule running smoothly. What happens to our attitude then? If we don't make the effort to consciously choose a positive attitude, we run the risk of developing a negative one at random. How would our lives change if we consciously chose a positive attitude each day? For starters, we'd feel much happier about our lives. We'd feel more motivated about pursuing our dreams because we'd believe in the possibilities for making them a reality. We'd be able to enjoy the time spent with our friends and families more, because we'd want to share our joy with others. We'd feel strong and empowered in our ability to do anything we set our minds to. We'd be able to overcome challenges with ease because we'd have a strong belief in our own skills and abilities. We would pause to enjoy the smaller, more precious moments in life, without feeling pressured to do more, be more, or prove our worthiness. Never forget to take to time to remember that the big world out there is not part of the negatives that we are feeling. Simply choosing a positive attitude does not mean that our lives will proceed without 'speed humps' that will be placed in out path. Choosing a positive attitude will give us the attitude and skill set to cope with these hurdles. A positive attitude does not protect us from these events in our working environment. Choosing a positive attitude is a process. We don't just choose it once and expect everything to be perfect from that moment on. We will still experience setbacks, delays, accidents, frustrations,



arguments, fatigue, and fear. The secret is how we choose to react to these experiences. Do we want to let them ruin our day, or do we choose to pick ourselves up and look hopefully to the future again? We do have the power to choose. By choosing a positive attitude each day, we are actually attracting more positive experiences, and reducing the likelihood of negative experiences. You may have noticed that each experience often determines the quality of the next experience, causing a chain reaction in our lives. If one little thing goes wrong, it can throw off our plans for the rest of the day. In this context, it's easy to see how a positive attitude would be powerful. Rather than allowing one little thing to ruin our day, we would be able to shrug it off and continue on without a hitch. Over time, this resiliency begins to strengthen and empower us, which will show through in our demeanour. And it all begins with a little thing called attitude! Again, this is a process, so go easy on yourself if you're trying to adopt a more positive attitude. Simply focus on developing a stronger awareness of your attitude moment to moment in your daily experiences, and begin choosing a more positive one more often. It takes time to realize the full benefits of this type of mindset, but it is time well-spent.

POSITIVE AFFIRMATIONS

When events around us start to cloud our judgement and interfere with rational decision making it can be helpful to have a phrase that we can refer to that will affirm or ability or skill. Below are some that may be of use.

CHALLENGES HELP ME GROW I WILL STAY CALM UNDER PRESSURE I CAN SEE STRESSFUL SITUATIONS AS CHALLENGES CHALLENGES BRING OPPORTUNITIES I CHOOSE SUCCESS OVER FAILURE I CAN CHOOSE A POSITIVE FRAME OF MIND I AM STRONG I CAN HANDLE WHATEVER COMES I HAVE MANY OPTIONS TODAY HAS LIMITLESS POSSIBILITIES I CAN ACCOMPLISH ANYTHING I CAN HANDLE WHATEVER COMES MY INTENTIONS CREATE MY REALITY STRESS IS LEAVING MY BODY I AM DOING MY BEST I AM IN CHARGE OF MY LIFE I CAN CREATE POSITIVE CHANGE

HOW TO DISPLAY A POSITIVE ATTITUDE ON THE FIELD

Choose to be: Positive - Set yourself to have a good day. Prepare well. Enthusiastic - This begins with the first contact you have at the ground. Responsive - Be prepared to have appropriate conversations Friendly - Remember we are there to enjoy the environment Quick with a smile - Meet and greet with a smile. Set the tone for the day. Courteous and professional - Present well both physically and in your manner Approachable and communicate at a personal level when appropriate Have a sense of humour and know when to impart it. Having a positive attitude just makes us feel better and when we feel better we do better. This is a comment from a captain during a recent match: " ******* was personable, and made the game enjoyable to be part of. Would be happy to have ****** in the future." This comment is a reflection of an umpire who chose to take a positive attitude into the match. People tend to respect those with a positive attitude. Being positive says you believe you can perform even when under pressure.

OVERCOMING SETBACKS

" Success is to be measured not so much by the position that one has reached in life ... as by the obstacles he has overcome while trying to succeed."



During everyone's career there will be times when you think you have been hard done by. Maybe an match appointment that you were hoping for did not eventuate. There may have been a match in which you thought you performed well but only received criticism from the captain. How you move on from this is largely a choice between being positive or negative. To persevere through adversity will be seen by those that judge you as being a strength and when the opportunity does come along you will be more likely to succeed. Believe in you ability. Look for solutions and see an obstacle as an opportunity to grow.