Definition

Anthrax is an acute disease, caused by

Bacillus anthracis. It affects both humans

and animals. The name 'anthrax' comes

from anthrax [άνθραξ], the Greek word for

'coal', because of the black skin lesions

developed by victims with a cutaneous

anthrax infection.

Lyme Disease

Lyme disease, or lyme borreliosis, is the tick-

borne infectious disease caused by Borrelia

burgdorferi and characterized by fever,

headache, fatigue, depression, and a

characteristic circular skin rash called erythema

migrans. The disease is named after the town of

Lyme, Connecticut, USA, where a number of

cases were identified in 1975.

Lyme Disease

Inspection

– Because the above recommendations are not always practical, particularly for children and during the summer, and because ticks do not appear to transmit Lyme disease until they have been attached for several days, close inspection for ticks should be performed each time one has been outdoors.

– The groin, axilla, and hairline should be inspected particularly well.

Malaria

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease

caused by plasmodium parasite. It is widespread

in tropical and subtropical regions, including

parts of the Americas (22 countries), Asia, and

Africa. Each year, there are approximately 350–

500 million cases of malaria, killing between one

and three million people

Etiology

• The four Plasmodium species known to cause

malaria include:

– Plasmodium falciparum

– Plasmodium vivax

– Plasmodium ovale

– Plasmodium malariae.