ETHNIC FOLKWAYS LJBRARY Album 4/< FM 4009 ~1!:155, 1!:162 by Folkways Records & Service Corp., 121 W. 47th St. NYC USA

LITHUANIAN FOLK SONGS IN THE UNITED STATES

RECORDED AND ANNOTATED BY JONAS BALYS

MONOGRAPH SERIES OF THE

ETHNIC FOLKWAY LIBRARY GENERAL REMARKS

The music of Lithuanian folksongs shows a considerable difference in melodic structure from the folksongs of neighboring peoples, the Slavs and Germans. The most interesting aspects of Lithuanian songs are their rhythm and tonal1ty. TypiCal is the frequent changes of measure, e.g. the alterna­tion from 3/4 to 2/4, or from 3/8 to 4/8, and vice versa. The ancient modes of chUrch music or the so-called Do­rlan, Phryglan, Mlxolydian, Aeollan and o~her modes are frequent. In the southern part of the country, among the Dzilkal, the old songs still are sung in one volce; they have preser­ved their anclent rhythmlc and harmo­nic structure and sound somewhat Orlen­tal. The singing in thirds for two voices is of recent orlgin and came to Lithuania from Germany in about the middle of the 19th Century. It caused a change from ancient minor to a rath­er artificial major tonality. All the factors mentioned above caused a great variety of melodies and sometimes a stranger may wonder whether it is true that the real folk singer sings in such a manner. However, he does, as the specimens on this reoord show.

CHORAL ROUNOO

The ordinary lyrlcal, work song or ballad is called dairu1. The oldest and most prim1tive-kind of Singing, now almost extinct, was performed ln choral rounds (sutartines) and sung ln gatherings during work or dance. The choral roilnds are sung by women in t~TO, three or even four parts. The first part is called the leader or the collector (rinkeJa) , and the second part is called the accompa­nist (pataraJa). The latter is si­lent at first; later she begins to sing the same melody together with the leader a second higher or lower. The th1rd part enters later, too. The Singing is contrapunctal and goes ln parallel seconds with a very sharp rhythm. Typical are the long meaningless refrains. Sometimes the whole song consists of meaningless sounds. In 1936-1939, the Lithuanian Folklore Arch1ves was able to record on phonograph discs 336 such choral rounds (among approximately 7,000 ord.inary songs). The same arrange­ment ln choral rounds is employed in the ~sic played by men on their trad.itional instruments, such as kankles (a kind of zither), skuduciai

(pan-pipes) and trtmltai or triUbos (an orchestra of rive-wooden trumpets).

Q.li te a I1Umber of the music scores of sutartines, transcribed from folk Singers or phonograph records, have been published: A. Sabaliauskas, lcietu­viy dainy i~esmiY gaidos, Helsinki, 1916, nos. 593; S. Simkus, Lietuviy liaudles dainos, Kaunas, 1937, pt. 1, nos. 30-41; and J. ~lurlionyte in Tau­tosakos Darbal vol. V, Kaunas, 193~ nos. 96-117. Similar art of Singing is found among primitive peoples and in some regions of the Balkans (see C.Riht­man, "Les formes polyphoniques dans la musique populaire de BOsnie et d'Herze­govine" in Journal of the International Folk Music COunCil, London, 1952, v. 4, p. 30-35).

A specimen of Lithuanian sutartlne is glven below from Si~' collectlon, no. 32. The Allce Stephens Singers in Chicago included some sutartines, all from Simkus' collection, in their reper­toire; however, the performance lfas re­ceived by the audience without enthu­siasm; the taste of people has changed.

RECORDING OF DAINA IN THE U. S.

All the songs on this record have been recorded in 1949-1950 from the first generation of the Lithuanian immigrants to the U. S. They preserved the traditional songs of their Old Country surprisingly well. My survey was sponsored by the Lithuanian American Councl1, The American Ph11osoph1cal So­ciet~ and Indians University. More than 1,000 selected songs were recorded on tape. For collector's reports on this survey see: Journsl of the International Folk l-usic Council, London, 1951, v. 3, p. 67-70; and Four Symposia on Folklore (Indians Un1versity Folklore Series, No. 8), 1953, p. 74-78.

The second and third generation of Lithuanian immigrants, even if some of them speak poor Lithuanlan, like to prao­tice their tradit~onal songs and dances. HOlfever, they usually recelve some musi­cal educatlon and are guided by protes­slonal muslcians. The old fashioned sin­glng is still practiced, e.g. at banquets and plcn1os. Several chorus and danoe troups, cultivating Lithuanian folksongs and dances, exist in the U.S. Best known are the troups of Ateitis and Dainava both in Ch1oago, and the--~iurlionis ~~ in Cleveland.

LITERATURE

Tlfo outstanding collections of Lithua­nian folksongs should be mentioned: Chris­tlan Bartsch, Dainu Balsai. Helodien 1i­tauischer Volkslieder, 2 yols •. , Heidelberg, 1886-1889 (contains 392 melodies, texts and comments ln German); J. ~iurlionyte, Lithua­nian Folk-Melodies (in: Tautosakos Darbai, vol. V), Kaunas, 1938 (contains 350 melo­dles, original texts, a study on Lithuanian ethnograph1c music, and a biblloGraphy, all in Lithuanian). An important study publi­shed ln German by T. Brazys is "Die Slng­..,eisen der 11tauischen Dainos" in Tfuta 1r ~dis, Kaunas -, 1926, v. 4, p. 3-50 wlth music notes). A general orientation on text and music of Lithuanian folksongs is given in Englisn in the following publlcations by: B. Sruoga in Folk-Lore, London, 1932, v. 43, p. 301-324; J~Vl]'iUB in The Musical Quarterly, New York, 1935, v. 21, no. 1, p. 99-106 ( on native musical instruments); U. Katzenelenbogen in his book The Daina, Ch1-

cago, 1935; V. Jakubemas in Lithuanian Bul­letin, New York, 1947, v. 5, no. 11; J. Ba: lys in §,tandard D1ctio~f Folklore. etc., New York, 1950, v. 2, p. 628-31. A biblio­graphy is given in Folklore~lLical, Paris, 1939, v. 2, p. 160-70.

NOTES ON THE RECORDIN as

Texts of songs selected for t~ic record are translated into English aa literally f'~ possible, but not ~Tith metrical or rhythmi­cal faithfulness.

Song types are indicated e.ccordins to the classification 5iven in illy boolc Lithuc.nian Narrative Folksongs (A Treasury of Lithua­nian Foll\:lore, rv. Was hl nston, 1954). The book gives a short description of more po­pular ballad types, a complete bibliosraphy, references to foreign parallels, and occa­sional remarks on the song's history.

Music notes have been transcribed by Nr. Vladas Jalrubenas, a Lithuanian composer in Ch,1cago.

All the performers of songs are non-pro­fessional folk Singers.

RECORDING OF SONGS IN GARY, INDIANA, BY THE AUTHOR IN 1949

SID"; I, BAND 1: SUTARTINE -- CHORAL HOUND.

1-' 1. Kai mesbu-vom da-Ii -00, trysse-su-tes, da-Ii-Iio, cia-ii - 60,

A~i1:

I tJ da -Ii _ Iio, da - Ii - lio, da -Ii -lio. l'l.lt tt

_. da - Ii -lio, trys se-su·tes, da -Ii -lio,

.A.JtJt

. tJ

da - Ii -lio, ~

1. Kai mes IJu.vom

da-li -lio, da - H - 00, l l

. ____ IL.-4-OL-. __

I. Kaimesbu~om da-li-Iio, trysse-sutes

,1,,»« l l

r~~:-f}-~~-~Im~~ I~ ~~ :I!-:~: tJ 2.Mestu-re-jom da-li-lio podar-ie-Ij, da-Ii-li;-

~-

r.r--da :f:-:;: A.II 4t

~---.:.- . \ tid I' 1''''­a - I ~ 10, da - Ii lio, da -Ii - Iio, da - Ii - lio, da - H - 110.

2

PHOTO BY THE GARY POS'!'-TRIBUlilIi

3. Vienam dade dalilio baltos row daHlio

4. Antram darie dalilio. zalios riltos. dalilio,

5. Tre~i .. ,n darie dalilio. diemedelis daHIio.

1. t/hen we "ere living Three sisters all t05ether.

2. We had Each a flower garden.

3. In one garden There were white roses.

4. In the second -Green rue flowers.

5. .And in the third -Lady's love bush.

Refrain: Dalilio, dalilio, dalilio (meaningless)

Performed by seven me~bers (all natives of Chicago) of Alice stephens Singers, 1949.

5~DE I, BAND 2: VOLUNGELE THE LITTLE GOLDEN ORIOLE

1. Volungele sake: eiata. Laldit1ngUe sake: rata.

Oiatela, metela, Oeborelis, volungele, Oiata r;rt.oj.

2. -As tau pirksiu cebatelius . - 0 as neimsiu.

Volungele sake, etc.

3. -As tau pirksiu skarutel~. -0 as neimsiu.

VOlungele sake, etc .

1. The little golden oriole said: cluta. The little nightingale sald: rue.

Chutela, little myrtle, Cheborelis, little golden oriole, Chuta to-morrow.

2. -I will buy you little shoes. -And I will not accept.

The little golden oriole, et~.

3. -I will buy you a little scar!. -And I will'not accept.

The little gol~An oriole, etc.

A primitive dance song with a Ions almost meaningless refrain (stanza 1). The word "chuta" means something smart, neat, or elegant. A women dance "Clmty­ta"is known from Rilp18kis (East Litlma­nia). A similar refrain "Cblta ruta, chuteta, ruteta" has a ritual song of st. Petrus' day noted dQwn in the envi­rons of Vilnius (see ttnOgr3i'iCheSkl1 sbornik, 1858, No.3, p. 133 •

Performed by Mrs. V. Kasparaitis, b. 1905 in Raginenai Village, ~duva Parish (immigrant in 1931), and Mrs. V. Kapocius, b. 1907 in Meldinia1 Village, Rozalimas Parish (immigrant in 1934). Recorded July 28, 1949, in Racine, Wis.

VERONIKA KASPERAITIS WITH HER FAMILY

SIDE I, BAND 3: VIDUR LAUKU -- IN THE MIDST OF THE FIELDS

1. Vidur lauk4 vejelis pate, An mareli4 vilne~~ muse.

2. Skenda, plaukia ~razi merga, Jos vainikai vir sum plaukia.

3. Vaikscioj' tevulis pamaremi, Pamaremi, pakrastem'.

4. -Vai tevule, vai sirdela, Retavoke mani jaun4.

5. Retavoke mani jauIl\i, Mano zalius vainikelius.

6. Mano zalius vainikelius Ir silkelio kasnykelius.

7. -Vai dukrela, mana miela, Labai rodas retavote.

8. AS nemoku toli plaukte, As nedr~stu pasbrydete.

(Omitted: )

Skandyk, Dieve, jaunystel~, Isnesk, Dieve, vainikel\.

* 9. Vidur lauk4 vejelis pate, An mareli~ vilnel~ muse.

LO. Skenda, plaukia 6razi merga, Jos vainikai virsum plaukia.

Ll. Vaikseioj' bernelis pamaremi, Pamaremi, pakrastem'.

12. -Vai berneli, dobitUi, Retavoke man! j BUIl\i.

13. Retavoke man! jauIl\i, Mano zalius vainikelius.

14. Mano zalius vainikelius Ir silkelio kasnykelius.

15. Vai mergela, lel1jela, tabai rodas retavote.

16. Lab E'.i r oda s r e t. avote , Tal a s moku toli p l e.ulet e .

17. Iai as moku toli plaukte, Tai as dr\stu pasbrydet'.

.lB. 5~aneyk, Dieve, vainikel\, Isnesk, Dieve, jaunystel'.

5. Save me, a young girl, And my green wreaths.

6. And my green wreaths, And my silken ribbons.

7. -Oh, my daughter, my dear, I am truly willing to save you.

8 . But I am not skilled in swimming far, I do not dare to wade.

(Omitted:) God, let the young maiden drown, God, carry out sate her 'wreath.

* 9-10. (Repetition of stanzas 1-2.)

11. A young boy walks on the sea sho~, On the sea shore, on the coast.

12. Oh, dear youth, you little clover, Save me,a young girl. 1. In the midst of the fields the wind

is blowing, The waves on the sea are beating high. 13-14. (Repetition of stanzas 5-6.)

2. A beautiful girl is swimming and about 15. -Oh, my dear girl, my lily, to be drowned, I am truly willing to save you.

Her wreaths float on the surface.

3~ The father walks on the sea shore, On the sea shore, on the coast.

4. -Oh, my dear father, oh, my dear heart,

Save me, a young girl.

Singer: Mrs. E. Pigagiene, b. 1884 in Perloja. Immigrant in 1905. Recorded Sept. 2, 1949, in Brockton, Mass.

3

16. I am tru~y willing to save you, r am ski ;Lle d in far swimr.Ji n p; .

I am skilled in swimming far, 17. And I dare to wade.

God, let drown the wreath, God, carry out sate the young maiden.

TyPe A73. In the middle of the song, the drowning girl asked in Just the same way her mother, bro­ther and sister for help, however, all refused but the young boy. The song belongs to the cycle of "Re­deeming by lover" ~lhich has a wid.

dissemination and consists of numerous versions.

In the Lithuanian folklore the rue flo\ter or girl's wreath symbo­lizes her innocence, virginity, or maidenhood. Steady epithets are: "the white lily" for a girl, and "clover" for a bo;r.

SIDE I, BAND 4: NESIGRAUDYK, MERGUzELE -- DO NOT BE SORROWFUL, LITTLE GIRL

l. Allegro moderato, .J - lOB

I ?il r r ct r I a r r CI r t t tit r I' r t r r I Nes1graudyk, merguzele, Ger!:\, vyr/l. gavus. Pr1kels tave bernuz'elis )2 Su berzo rykstele. )

Ne-01-grau-dyk, mer-gu-z'-le,ge-r" V)"-"" ga-vue, hi-kela ta-ve

I!"i C1 f F rI tr r r F I 41 til ber-nu-ze-118 SU bor -zo ryka-tele.

Type B13.7. A wedd1ng song.

2. Nes1prausk1e, merguzelej Baltqjq ve1de11q. Nupraus tave bernuzelis »2 Ga1110m asarelem.

3. Nes1sukuok, merguzele, Geltonq kase11q. Susukuos (ia~bernuzelis )2

Singer: Mrs. 11oti8 jus Np.vickas, b. 1877 in Great Kirsna Villa­ge, Rudamina Parish. Immigrant in 1894. Recorded Sept. 27, 1949, in Scranton, Pa.

Su jojo nageliais. )

~O:rAU v

4. NesirilpJ~, merguzele, K!!. tures1 valgyt. Paval~ydys bernuzelis )2 Graudziom asarelem. )

SIDE I, BAND 5: KAIP AS"PER ZALIA GIRELA -- RIDING ACROSS A FOREST OF GREEN

Andantino, ~ = 76 l,:yxol ydi an

Kaip as jo-jau per za-li!:\, g1-re-l/l., Nu - si-lau-ziau ± t':'

C ¥ M $ ~ V I ¢') tt r r I V V t4 it r II pu-ti-no ryks-te-l!:\,. Nu- s1-lau-ziau pu-ti-no ryks-tel'.

1. Kaip 'as joJau per Ze.11!j girela, Nusilauziau putino rykstel~. (2)

2. Nusilauziau putino rykstel/l., Ir sukirtau zirg!:\, per galvel!:\,. (2)

3. Ir sukirtau zirg!:\, per 6alvel!:\" Ir nupuo,ie putinoloUoge;te. (2)

4. Ir nupuole putino~ogele, Ir pamyne zirgas po kOjetem. (2)

5. -Oi zirgeli, zirge juodbereli, Ar nunesi invuosvio dvarelj,,? (2)

6. Ar nunesi invuosvio dVarelj", Ar atkelsi galveti vartelius? (2)

7. Ar atkelsi galveti vartelius, Ar nusluosi vuodegu dvarelj,,? (2)

8. Ar nusluosi vuodegu dvarelj", Ar kapstysi kOJe,iem smelalj,,? (2)

9 Ar kapstysi koje,ie~ smelalj", • Ar kaposi patkavom veja,ij,,? (2 )

10. Ar kaposi patkavom veJa,ij", Ar karpysi ause,iec riltetj,,? (2)

1. Riding across a forest of green,

I broke a rod of the way­fllC'lng tree.

2. I broke a rod of the way­faring tree.

And stroked the head of my steed.

3. And stroked the head of my steed,

And a berry dropped to the ground.

4. And a berry dropped to the ground,

And my steed trampled it under his feet.

5. -Oh, my dear steed, my dark brown steed,

Will you br1ng me to the yard of my father-in-law?

6. Uill you bring me to the yard of my father-in-law,

W1l1 you open the gate with your head?

11. Ar karpysi ause,i6m rilte,i~, 7 ,.,ill you Ar skaitysi aketec zvaigzdelas? (2) •

open the gate with your head, the yard with

your ta1l? Will you sweep

4

1. Do not be sorrowful, my little g11 You got a good husband. The boy will awaken you With a wand of birch.

2. Do not wash, my little girl, Your white face. Your boy will make you to wash With your woeful tears.

3.Do not comb, my little girl, Your yellow braids. The boy will comb them With his finger-nails.

4. Do not be worried, my 11 ttle girl l Over what you shall eat. Your boy will feed you With your woeful tears.

8 . Will you sweep the yard with your tail,

i'lill you scrape the sand ",ith your feet?

9. Will you scrape the sand with your feet,

'fTill you chop the green lawn with your shoes?

10. Will you chop the green lawn with your shoes,

Will you snip the green rue with your ears?

11. Will you snip. the green rue with your ears,

Will you count the stars with your eyes?

Dm!INYKAS PETRU ~IONIS, b. 1892 in Ilgininkai Village, ::erkine Parish. I!D!'11grant in 1909. Recorded July 2, 1950, in Elizabeth, N.J.

Type j79. The steed &nswer. and promises to do everything as asked.

~

SIDE I, BAND 6: VAl LEIDZIA DUODA -- OH, HE IS GIVINa AWAY

J Type Be. A weddlng song. Andantlno. = 76

Slnger: 1,lr. D. Petruclonis

Val lel-dZla duo-da Te-vu-lis duk-re-l~

Sve-tl-mo-jon sa 1. VaileidZia,duoda

Tevul1s dukrel~ SvetimoJon sa1~ej. (2)

2. au didziu pulkeliu, au didziu sarvellu, au zvankiom muzikelem. (2)

3. Dar nesuvejo Nei puses meteli~, Jau pare ina dukrete, Jau pareina viesne;te.

la-lej.

4. Pare ina dukre;te Kelallu verkdama: -Ar prl1msi, tevuli, Ar prlimsi, sirdela?

5. -Prllmtie prllmsiu, Gai;tetls gai;tesluos, Neprilmsiu vaikell0, Tavo mazo valkelio.

1. Oh, he is giving away, The father is giving his daughter To marry in a foreign land.

SID E. I, BAND 7: .01 AS ISEJAU AN DVARO -- I GO INTO Tllli YARD

Andantlno con moto, j = 120

rt*:k % ~-~811]J; ~ I 01 as ls-e-jau an dva-ro, Zu-rau at-jo-- ja Ir pa-zu-re-jau 1n so--~,

* I~ J J 11 ) i }:o 11 ma-no ber-ne-1is Pa-va-sa-ro die-- nel'.

1. 01 as ' lsejau an dvaro, Ir pazurejau' 1n so~, Zurau - atjoja mano bern~lis Pavasaro dienel'.

2. -01 ko atjoJai, berneli, 01 ko atjojal, jaunasai? 01 ko atjojai, mano berneli, Pavasaro dienel'?

3. Ar risto zlrgo pravalkal, Ar juodas suknias pravedal? Ar issiilgal mane mergeles, Atjoja1 paZuret?

4. -Nel risto zlrgo prava1kau, Nel juod4 sukni~ pravedau,­Tik lssil1~au tave, mergele, Atjojau pazuret.

(Omltted: )

-01 as tau sakiau, bernell: Kal darze rata garbiniuos, Tada atjoki, mano bernell, Rudene1io diene1~.

1. I go lnto my yard And look into my orchard. I see - my dear boy comes rldlng On this day of spring.

SIDE I, BAND 8: 01 SriiUTNAS LIUDNAS -- OH HOW SAD AND MOURNFUL

2. With a great retinue, With a b1g dOwry, With a sounding music.

3. Not yet having passed Even a half a year* , The daughter comes back, Comes back as a visitor.

4. The daughter comes back Weeping on her way: -Will you take me back, father, W1ll you take me back, dear heart?

5. -I shall take you back And have plty on you, I will not accept your baby. Your l1ttle baby.

;-rn-Qther varlants: Even one and a half years.

2. -Why did you come rldlng, my boy, Why did you come ridlng, my youth? Why did you come rlding, my dear boy, On this day of sprlng?

3. Are you only chasing your fleet steed, Are you making show of your black

clothes? Or do you long for me the girl, Come rlding to see me?

4. -I am not chasing my fleet Jteed, I am not showing m;y black clothes, Just from a longing for you, my girl, I come rldlng to see you.

(Omltted: )

-I did tell you once, my boy: When the rue 1n garden w111 curl, Then come riding, my dear boy, On an autumn day.

• • Slnger: Mrs. o. Janulevi-ciene, b. 1883 ln Aradnyka1 Village, Berznykal Parlsh. Immlgrant ln 1907. Recorded August 24, 1949, ln Shenandoah, Pa.

Type A3. Glrl's reasonlng: autumn is the season for weddlngs. ,

~ J"l04 Slpger: Mrs. O. Janulevlciene

I H J J J' UJ, J a J IV J I J J J 'j=d J iJ I 3. I was plowing the field, ~ And I broke my plowshare,

01 OIIIlt-nao 11t1d-nu 01-11 ber-ze---110,t&n-ld.ao ... -1"... nu-lei--- But I dld not break my heart Ie ~ For a rlch g1r1.

I@ b J J J' J Z J' J. I 4. ~!v~l~i~;U~au 4. I have broken, indeed,

1.

2.

3.

d~o.v1r-stl-n~--1\ nu-lau::~o. An vargdlenes mergeles, My little heart An jos sunkq darbelj,. For a poor girl

Who works so hard. 01 smutnas liudnas 5. l§111 berzel1s, Tankias sakas nuleidj,s, Vlrsane;t~ nulauz~s.

o dar smutnesnis 1. Mano bernelis Nog 'merge;tes parjo~j,s, Nog baltos le1ijel •

Arau posne;t~, 2. Lauz.au Zae;ret~, Nepalauzau s1rde1es An bagotos mergeles.

Katra. papra.tus IS mazume;tes An svetlm4 ra.nkell~ Ir an graud4 zodel1~.

Oh, how sad and mournful Is the blrch-tree in the grove, Havlng lovered his dense tw1gs, Havlng broken his crown.

Even more sad Is my lovely boy, After r1ding back from his g1rl, From his white 111y.

5

5. This g1rl is used Slnce her days of youth To live with strange people And hear harsh worde.

Type A37.2. The poor girl is often prefered ln songs for several reasons: she is the prettiest, and she is a good worker; the rlch glrl, on the contrary, would not do any work at all, but would only slt comblng her hair and looklng in a mirror. '

SIDE I, BAND 9' VA.~IO· MO~"rUTE THE MOTHER WAS WALKING

Allegretto, ~ = 105

;41 1 1)' 1') j 1 t J 1'1 : :1 J 4 1

Vaiks-cio' mo-ciu-tb po di-dt dva-r~, Sa-vo sO-ne-lius

I~ J 1 J 11: IIi pa-bu-dy-da.-ma.

1. Vaikscio' J:lociute po did.j, dvar~, Savo sunelius pabudydama. (2)

2. -Kelki t, suneliai, kelld t, j euniej a1, Jau mUS4 dvar~ vaiskas apstojo. (2)

3. Jau mUs~ dvar~ vaiskas apstoJo, Rrrt~ darZel~ uzrastavojo. (2)

4. Rut~ darzel~ uzrastavojo, Zali~ rUtel~ is sa~ rove. (2)

5. Zali~ rUtel~ is Ba~ rove, Beriem zirgeliam po koj~ klojo. (2)

6. Beriem zirgeliam po koj~ klojo, Ir JUs' sesel~ Jau paviliojo. (2)

1. The mother was walking in a great mansion,

Awekening her sons.

2. -Rise up, my sons, rise up, my young ones,

Our mansion is surrounded by soldiers.

3. Our mansion is surrounded by soldiers,

The rue garden is seized.

4. The rue garden is seized, The green rue is uprooted.

5. The green rue is uprooted, And laid under the feet of

their brmm horses.

6. And laid under the feet of the'ir brown horses,

And your sister is lu~d away.

Type Bl.I. "From old times when Tartars abducted girls", added the singer to this song. The theme "Bride stolen" is very popular among the , Li tbuanians (about 80 val'­iants have been noted) and Latvians (32 var. at least). also known to the Poles, White Russians, and in a somewhat different form to the Ukrainians.

Mrs. u. 2emaitienb is an out­standing bearer of all kinds of folklore, and she knows about 300 folksongs. She learned reading and writing by herself'. Born in the' family of a farm laborer on a large estate in Lithuania, she Came to the U. S. as a young wo­man of 24 and lived in Minden, W. Va. until 1929 where her l:msband was a coal miner; later they sett-

SIDE I, BAND 10: VAl BROLI -- OH, BROTHER

Andantino con moto, J. = 70

Vai bro-li, bro-li, bro-le-li ma-no, Berk ma be-~ zir-

URmJU: mfAITIENE, b. 1890 in ~kiai Village, Lankelis­kiai Parish. Immigrant in 1914. Re­corded July 25, 1949, in Chicago.

led in Chicago, and she worked in stockyards for 17 years. She rai­sed four sons and two daughters, and already has ten .grandchildren. Her memory il' marvelou.s. "It I hear a song only once, I know it. The song is the best remedy in sorrows." Her singing is calm and even, performed in an almost epic mood; however, her tempo of sin­ging is faster than usual in Lith­uanian songs, she accelerates qui­te a bit.

3. o kaip uZdbsi Tymo balnel~, Prisek aukso kilpeles. (2)

4. o kaip prisegsi Aukso kilpeles, Sesk ir pats ant Zirgel1o.

18'~·~~~~~~~~~~~"'~I~"~~~~If~1 Singer: }1rs. U. Zemai tiene, ~ i ) 31 11:::f5 If f ~ 1::±'" see above. The melody of this , ~ .r ~ • .r"it song consists of four notes on-

5. l k1lpas stodams, Ant zirgo sesdams,

(2) Volungel~ nusoviau.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

y ly and has an interesting rhy-ma b6-r~ zir-ge-1~. thnic construction. ge-1~, Serk

6. Vai baude, barb Mane mociute,

Oh, brother, brother, 7. My dear brother, Feed my little brown steed.

And after you have fed 8. Your little brown steed, Put on the red-leathern saddle.

And after you put on 9. The red-leathern saddle, Attach the golden stirrups.

And after attaching 10. The golden stirrups, ]ilount you upon the steed.

i'lhile stepping in the stirrups 1-And mounting on the steed, I shot down a golden oriole.

Oh, I was scolded, rebuked 2 . By my dear mother, Because I shot oriole.

-This golden oriole, A small lovely bird, Was nothing but a poor girl.

Better that you shot A tender bird of the woods, Ora diver of the sea.

-The wood bird flew away, The diver dived deep, And the golden oriole sang.

And when she sang, It was like sparkling of gold, And tinkled when she flew.

Vai broli, broli, Broleli mano, Serk ma ber/\ Zirgel~. (2)

o kaip nusersi Bera, Z1rgel~, U~dek tymo balnel~. (2)

b

Kam Boviau volungel~. (2)

7. -Ta volungb1b, Drebna paukste1e, Tai vargdiene merge lb. (2)

8. Reike' nusautie Girios lepun~,

(2) Arba mari~ na~.

9. -Lepuns pa1eke, Naruns panere, Volungele ciulbejo. (2)

10. Kaip Ji ciulbejo -Auksas zerejo. Kaip leke - suskambejo.

Type F3. A song '-11th magic back­ground: the girl 1s transformed into a bird, and the boy unwittingly shoots his sweatheart. The Bong (16 variants noted) is otten used as an introduc­tion to type B6.

SIDE II, BAND 1: SUSAPNAVU DIMN~ SAPN~ -- I DREAMED A STRANGE DREAM

Andantino con moto, ;. = 100

sU-sap-- na- vau dlm- na, sap- na" Dim-na, sap-ns. ne-

~ .alt; J 4= II pa-- dab-na,.

1. 3usapnavau dimna, sapne" Dimns. sapna, nepadabne, .

2. Ir atleke balta gulbe, Zalius s ilkus taisydama.

3. Zalius silkus t a isydama, Baltus perlus barstydama.

4. -Motynele, 6irduzele, Isrozykie man te, sapne,.

5.~alta gulbe - varguzelis, fali silkai - rupestelis .

6. 1ali s ilkai - rupestelis, Balti perlai - a~arel e s_

1. I dreamed a strange dream, A strange dream, unusual one.

2. A white swan came flying, Arranging silks of green.

3. Arranging silks of green, Scattering pearls of white.

4. -Hy dear mother, my dear heart, Explaln this dream to me.

5. -The white swan means hardship, The green silks mean trouble.

6. The green silks mean trouble, ~he white pearls mean tears.

Type A20. The song is popular among the Slavonic pe.oples, but not particularly among the Lithuanians­(only 8 variants have been noted).

SIDE II, BAND 2: MERGELE GRA~I -- OH, BEAUTIFUL GIRL

Adagio, J = 72

~ ~\I-£J 11:1 J J \ il 11. J: J Mar-- ge-- le

1'.\14 fa ~ Kilr bu-- vai? -tar-zi.

~ J ItJ J Kilr sky-- nei za-lle, ru-te" Kilr py-nei vai- 01- kel'?

1. -Margele grazi, KUr buvai? -tarZi. -KUr skynei zalil\ rUte" Kur pynei valnikel'?

2. Klaipedoj skyniau, Kaune nupyniau, o Vilniuj pranesiojau. (2)

* 3. Oi toll toll

Mano mergele: Uz trij~ simt~ mfli~, Uz zali~jq girel •

4. Simtas mylali~

7. Ar as tau sunkus, Ar as tau ilsus, Ar kanciukelis kaitrus? (2)

8. -Nei tu man sunkus, Nei tu man ilsus, Nei kanciukelis kaitrus. (2)

9. Devynios dienos, Desimta naktis, !aip stonelej stovejau, !aip abrakel~ 6dziau.

10. Kaip abrakel~ edziau, Kaip vandenel~ geriau.

LY64 laukell~, 1 -Oh, beautiful girl,

~.AGDALENA TAKAZAUSKJ;ENE, an outstandins folk singer and story teller (65 songs and 12 tales were recorded on tape). Born 1877 in Versnupiai Villa­ge, Alvitas Parish. Immigrant 1n 1904. Lives in Pittsbu~h.

Married in her twenties, she uad ten children (five of them still alive) and has been widowed for 26 years. At the age of 72 (in 1949), she still li­ked reading and knitting. She said: "When I was young, I liked to sing ahd to dance. I did not want to remarry:' even if I could find a husband for my­self, he would not be the father of my children."She visited her Old Country for two months in 1930. She was quit~ sure in her singing and story telling, both in regard to text and melody. One year later, she repeated her songs exactly word for word. For some songs she gave an account of how she had lear­ned them, or made a remark, e.& "Adop­ted from Polish." Recorded in :ry49.

4. One hmdred miles Are of plain fields, Two hmdred of green forest.

5. In this forest, In the green, My steed neighed, He the black dark-bay.

6. -My dear steed, You black dark-bay, Why did you neigh so loud, Why did you Sigh, grey horse?

7. Maybe I am too heavy, Maybe I make you weary, Maybe my whip is too sharp?

8. -Neither are you too heavy, Nor do you make me weary, Nor is the whip too sharp.

9. Nine days have passed, And now is the tenth night Since I have rested in the Since I have eaten oats.

10. Since I have eaten oats,

stable,

Since I have drunk PUre water.

Du simtal zalios girios. (2) ••

5. Toje eirelej, Toje zaliojoj, Zirgelis nusizvenge, Juodasai juodberelis.

Where have you been? -In the garden. -Where did you pluck the green rue, ''/here did you make a wreath?

6. -~irgeli mano, Juodas bereli, Ko sunkiai nusizvengei, Ko syvas atsidusai?

2. -I plucked it in Klaip6da, Made it in Kaunas, AnQ. started to wear it in Vilnius.

* 3. She is far, very far from here: My dear girl lives Three hmdred miles away, Behind the green forests.

7

ROZALIJA PAVARIUNIENE, b. 1888 in Nenunaitis. I6~igrant in 1935. She sings in typical ly­ric mood. Recorded July 4, 1950, in So. Boston, ' l-!ass.

Type ABO.

SIDE II, BAND 3: OI STOVI STOVI -- OH THERE ARE STANDING

Allegro non troppo,J = 120

'" {?: ~; J J J, J J \ r r 01 sto-v1 sto-v1 D.l p11-ki ak- me - ne-- 11a1,

~:\ r j J IJ J I J J r \Ed J \J r \ An ak-me- ne-l11./ D.l pll-ki kar-ve- le-11al.

I?:\ r=f r £Jlj J I J ~ r I ~ ~ \ J .11 z-

An e.k-me- ne- lil./ D.l pll-ki kar-ve- leI' .

1. 01 stovl stovl 4. 01 kad atduot~ Du p1lkl akmenella1, Man auksa110 z1edelt, An akmenell\.j ~ Ir perma1nyt\.j )2 Du pl1kl karvele11al. 2 Mano jalln4 stonelt.)

2. -01 karvelelia1, 5. 01 g1rdz1u graj'na Jus p11k1 pl1kuonella1, Baznyc10J vargone11al, Oi surasyklt ~2 01 g1rdz1u verk1a ~2 Man marg~ gromatelt. Mergele leliJele.

3. Oi surasyk1t 6. Ko patrotino ~~ marg~ gromatelt, Rutell\.j va1nlkelt, Tal as nus1~siu ~ 2 Ko atropino )2 In savo bernuzelt. Bernelt piJokelt.)

SIDE II, BAND 4: OI KLEVI KLEVELI -- OH YOU LITTLE MAPLE

:hJ_72 ~ 5 > 5 > 3 1'\ 5. > 1 > S

I~ I )1 U p p ~ ~ G I ~ P ~ F J1 1'1 ~ P P ~ V V I ~1 kle-v1,kle-ve-11, za-11.-01o me-<le-11, 01 kle-v1,kle-ve-11, za--

.p' lif p ~ G p ,I p p "cr I 6 r ~ Ii ~ ~ p f7t I 11&-.10 me-<lel', Dau-gbu neo-za--110-.1,ka1p 81n ru-<l1-ne1'.

1. -01 klevl klevell')2 8. -Pri sv1esl0 kardello ~2 fallasis medeli, ) Vainlk~ kabyslu, Daugiau nebz~llosl, Prl sava salelbs Kalp sln rudinelt. Mergyt~ guldyslu.

2. As tavi klrstysiu')2 9. Glustas vainikells )2 ~akas nugeniesiu, ) Pri sv1esio kardell0, ) Ir visas sakeles Glaudzlas lr mergele ~ krluv& sudiesiu. Prle mona saleles.

3. -A kon tu dlrbysl l2 1- -Oh, you maple, little maple, Is kompq sakell~? You green tree, A kon tu dlrbysl You will be verdant only Lygaus lelmene11a? Until this autumn.

4. -Is kompq sakel1\.j ~ 2. I am going to fell you, Gimbeles dirbysiu, 2 To prune your branches', Lygaus lelmene11a And heap all the twigs Lenteles pjaudysiu. Into a pile.

5. -A kon tu kabysi ~2 3. -What will you make l komp~ g1mbel~? or the crooked branches? A kon tu guldysi And what will you make ~ marg!\ lovel~? or the straight stem?

6.~ komp& gimbel~ ~2 4. -Of the crooked branches Vainik& kabysiu, I will make hooks. :( marg~ lovel~ AS pats atsigulsiu.

Of the straight stem I wl11 make planks.*)

7. -A kon tu kabys1 ~2 5. -What will you hang Pri Bviesio kardelio? On the crooked hook? A kon tU . 6Uldys1 And who will you lay down Prl sava sale19s? On the checkered bed?

8

1. Oh, there are stand1ng Two grey 11ttle stones, On these 11ttle stones Are two 11ttle grey pigeons.

2. -Oh, you 11ttle plgeons, You little grey blrds, Oh, will you write A checkered letter for me.

3. Oh, w111 you wrlte A checkered letter for me, I wl11 send 1t To my dear boy.

4. He should g1ve me back My golden ring, He should allow me to keep My g1rlhood state.

5. I hear how plays The organ 1n the church, And I hear how weeps The g1rl, the 11ttle lily.

6. 3ecause she has lost Her wreath of rue, Because she has chosen A drunkard boy.

Singer: Mr. J. Karauskas, b. 1890 ln V1ec1unai VHlage, Ratnyc1a Parlsh. I~~i Grant ln 1907. Recorded July 7, 1950, in Nashua, N. H.

A wedding song.

6. -On the crooked hook I will hang a wreath. And in the checkered bed I will 11e down myself •

7. -What wl11 you hang At the side of the gleamy sword? And who wl11 you lay down At your own side?

8. -At the side of the gleamy sword I will hang a wreath, And at my own slde I wl11 lay down a girl.

9. Gently 11es the wreath At the side of the gleamy sword. Gently also presses The girl to my side.

T;ype Ml9. The song ls very popu­lar (30 variants noted) and typical in slnging for Lowland Lithuanians, or Lma1C1a1.

*) Omitted is an episode saylng that a checkered bed will be made of planks.

S1nger: lUss l<!. Jonauskaite, b. 1886 in Rotinenal Vil~age, Kalvarija Parish. Immigrant in 1909. Recorded Sept. 2, 1950, 1n Brockton; Hass.

SIDE II, BAND 5: VAl KAIP A~ BUVAU -- OH, WHEN I LIVED

Andante, J = 69 Phrygian

I;>:. , J JI J'I r J) Iv t- V f' \ ~I r' \ Vai kaip as ru-vau Pas sa-vo mo- tu-11l,

p:. J J; 1'1 j J \; * • th ih \. J \\ Nak-te-1e te-me, Dar as ker-mo-- se1'.

1. Vai kaip as ruvau 9. Ausre1e auso -Pas savo motu1Ej, Dar ke1a1iu aJau. Nakte1e teme - ~ * Dar as kermose1in. 2 10. Sati1ute tekejo -

Klemo vartus ke1iau, 2. Gaide1iai giedojo - ISejo anyta

Giria u1iavoJau. Ir praka1blljo:

3. Ausre1e auso -Dar kela1iu ajau, 11. -A1ke, aike~ marte1e, Sau1ute tekejo - !2* Nor pasi1sesi, Kiemo vartus ke1lau. Yra tenai ruge1i\!,

4. IBejo motule Nor pama;lesi.

Ir prakalblljo: 12. o kaip suma1si

5. -like, aike, dukrale, fu tuos ruge1ius, Gysi, martele,

Nor atsilsesi, Mus' pa1sus jaute1ius. Ilsta tavo koje1es ~2* Nuog ke1ione1es.

* These two lines are re-6 •. Vysta tavo galve1ll, peated at the beginning of a

Kaip aguone1e. new stanza.

* 1- Oh, when I lived 7. Val kai patekau With my dear mother,

Pas se1uq berne1~, The night was growing dark Nakte1e tem6 - ~ 2. And I was still at the fair. Dar ruge1ius pjoviau.

2. The roosters crowed 8. Gaide1iai giedojo - ~2* And I was still walking in the

Pede1ius nesojau. forest.

SIDE II, BAND 6: ULIJANA -- JULIA

, Andantino, J = 80 Dorian

JJ J

3. The dawn was dawning, I still 'walked on the way. The sun'was rising When I opened the gate.

4. My mother came out And started to talk:

5. -Come, come, dear daughter, You should rest. Your 11tt1e feet are tlred From the long journey.

6. Your sleepy head bends down Like a little poppy.

* 7. When I fell into tbP. hands

Of a rascal boy, The night was growing dark And I was still harvesting rye.

8. The roosters crowed And I carried the sheaves.

9. The dawn was dawning And I was on the way.

10. The sun was rising When I opened the gate, My mother.-in-law came out And started to talk:

11. -Go, go, daughter-in-law, And take a rest. There is some rye, You may grind it for a while.

12. After you finish Grinding the· rye, You shall tend, daughter-in-law, Our grey oxen in the pasture.

Type B13.2. Singer: Mr. A. Jaziukevicius, b. 1904 in Yarcin­konys. Immigrant in 1950. Recorded July 6, 1950 in Worchester, Nass.

Oi ant kal-no, Oi ant kal-no, ant kal- ne-1io, U1i-jo---na

1i-nus rov' • U-li-jo~na li-nus rov'.

1. 01 ant kalno, Oi ant ka1no, ant kalne110, U11jana linus rove. (2)

2. Ir atjoja, Ir atjoja janarolas, Janarolas grazus ponas. (2)

3. -U11jana, U1ijana, grazi pana, :1:enyk1mlls mudu jaunu. (2)

4. -Janaro1ai, Janaro1ai, grazus ponai, Mano brolis nevelina. (2)

5. -Ulijana, U1ijana, grazi pana, As tau duo~iu tok1~ rod~. (2)

6. TIl lIUveikie, TIl lIUveikie vysni~ sode, To ten rasi toki~ zolEj. (2j

1. Oh, on the mounta1n, Oh, on the mountain, the little

- mounta1n, Julia rooted out flax.

2. And came riding, And came rid1ng a general, A general, handsome gentleman.

3. -Ju11a, Julia, beaut1fu1 girl, Both young let us marry.

4. -General, General, handsome gentleman, My brother will not allow.

5. -Julia, Julia, beaut1fu1 g1r1, I will give you this advice.

9

6. You should go, You should go into cherry orchard, You will find there a herb •

. . .. . . .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. S1~er: Mrs. R. Juknevicienll,

b. 1881 in Papllciai Village, Me­teliai Parish. Immigrant in 1903. Recorded Aug. 25, 1949 in Wilkes­Barre, Pa. She knows the whole ballad, however, was too tired to sing all 17 stanzas into the microphone, and the rest was no­ted onto paper.

Type C5. The ballad about a girl who, following her lover's advice,poi­soned her brother and then was abando­ned by the lover, is well known in Eas­tern, Central and Southern Europe. The Lithuanians, ·besides the usual plot of a "sister poisoner", know also a parti­cular version: the girl refuses to poi­son her brother, then the general dri­ves his horse over her and tramples the girl to death.

SIDE II, BAND 7: ~ILE PU~AI IN THE CONIFER FOREST

1. In the conifer forest grow pines, 1. ~lle pusynai, Trake berzynai, Ozuolai garbuoneliai. (2)

In the cleared woodland grow birches And oaks with curly leaves.

2. Po tais Uzuolais, Po garbuoneliais, ~iaudine kareemele. (2)

3. Toj kareemelej, Toj siaudinelej, Trys geroveliai geria. (2)

4. Oi jiej gerdami Ir uliodami, Prisviliojo mergel~. (2)

5. -Mergele mano, Jaunoji mano Aikime t mos' salt. (2)

(Omitted: )

MOsq salelej Tai gerai bUtie: Tu jauna beuliosi, Uogeles berankiosi.

-Oi tu berneli, Berazumeli! Balti mUreliai - atodUseliai, Uogeles - asareles.

SIDE II, BAND 8: I~ KARllMUZE',tES

Alle (iretto, .~ = 100

2. Under ,these oaks, Under curly leaves, Stands an inn with thatched root.

3. In this little inn, In the one with thatched root, Three drunkards 9.re drinking.

4. As they are drinking And having a good time, They lure away a girl.

5. -My dear girl, My young one, Let us go into our country.

(Omitted:)

In our country The lite is good, You may walk around And pick berries.

-Oh, you young boy, You without wit! Your white walls are sighs, Your berries - tears.

LEA vnm AN INN

Dorian

$ f i l i ) I tj) } \ ) fJ\ I , I' J I J1 n Is karc-mu- ze--- le~. Be ke-pu- re-ies. Nog jau--

nos sin-kor- ke-ies. Nog j au-- nos sin- kor- ke-les.

1. Is karcmuze~es Be kepure~es. Nog jaunos sinkorke~es. (2)

2 . An zirgo sedau, No zirgo puoliau Tan juodan purvynelin. (2)

3. Oi 1r atieke Trys raibos paukstes, Visos trys geguzeles. (2)

4. Firma nuto.pe Gall galveles: Tai ty m1ela motule, Tai ty miela s1rdele"

5. Antra nuto.pe Gall koj ellll -Tai toj m1ela sasule. (2)

6. TraCla nuto.pe Paliai salalai -Tai ty jauna merge~e. (2)

7. Motule verke Savo so.nelio, Vis4 savo viekelt. (2 )

8. Sasule verke Traj1s metelius, Savo mielo brolalio. (2)

9 . Mergele verke Nog ryto lig piet, Savo jauno bernelio.

10. Nog ryto p1et4 Gere uliojo, Ir kito dabavojo. (2)

1. Leaving an inn Without a cap, Parting with a young witress.

2. I mounted my steed, And I tell from my steed Into this black mud.

3. Then there flew by me Three spotted birds, All three little cuckoos.

4. The first alighted At the tip of my head: This was my dear mother, This was my dear heart.

10

Type A24. This recording represents a typical Singing in one voice.

Sung by three women over 60 years old, all trom Meteliai Parish., Recorded Aug. 25, 1949 1n WilkeS-Barre, Pa.

5. The second alighted At the end of my feet -This was my dear sister.

6. The third alighted Close at my side -This was my young g1rl.

7. The mother wept For her dear son 'All her lite long.

8. The sister wept For three long years Mourning her belowed brother.

9. The gi~l she wept From morning to noon Mourning her young boy.

10. In the afternoon She drank and was merry, And looked for another boy.

Type B6. One of the most popular Lithuanian songs (70 variants noted). The Lithuanian version is more deve­loped than the Eastern and Southern Slav versions.

S 'Lnger: ~,~ rs. J. Karloniene. b. 1887 in ~~rcinkonys. Immig­rant in 1907. She 1s strongly inclined to improviss,tion in her songs. Recorded July 3. 1950, in So. Boston, mass.

SIDE II, BAND 9: VAIK~~IOJO TtvuLIS -- TH~ FATHlffi WAS WALKING

Con moto, JI = 92 Liberamente, quasi recit.

~ • ~ JNIJrj } J \j.J fitl J I

Vaiks-cio-- jo te--- vu-lis Pa-ba---- re-- mi,

pa- ru-- ge-- mi.

1. Vaiksciojo tevulis Pabaremi, parugemi.

2. Prasinejo saulaJes Be kepures, · kepuretes:

3. -Saulala, motula, Vakaruosna, velyvuosna.

4. Jauna mano dukrete Tai pailso, tai nuvargo.

5. Bloguosius rugelius Bepjaudama, bepjaudama.

6. Is kalnelio kloneten Nesiodama, neS1o'dama.

7. Reto.sias kapelas Statydama, statydama.

II 1. The father was walking

By rows of rye field.

2. He asked the sun Lifting his cap:

3. -Go down, dear mother sun, In the West, in the evening.

4. Because my young daughter Is very tired and weary.

5. She is in the poor rye field Harvesting, cutting it down.

6. From the hill to the valley Bringing the sheaves.

7. The sparse shocks of rye Arranging in rows.

SIDE II, BAND 10: JAU SAULEL~ TEKA -- THE SUN IS JUST RISING

1. Jau sau1e1e teka, Gaili rasa krinta. Ke1kites, vaikeliai, Jau siandien ne sventa. Kelkites, visi is rumo,) Aisim procavoti visi i8 )2

dumo. )

2. Jonu(i) rue;iai seti, Ambraziu(i) aketi. o tam seniui stervai, Tegul lauzus krauna. Ambraziu(i) galvijai ganyti,) o tam gaspadorui reik daug )2

1Smanyt. )

). Oi tu gaspadine, Greitai apsisuki. Tegul bus tavo Akys neuzrilk". KopUst~ ir su 1asiniais, ) Privirk pilD4 puodq , kiek )2

mUS\l parais. )

4. (0 JUs) paba1nokit man zir-

1. The sun is just rising, The rich dew is falling. Stand up, my children, Today is no holiday. Stand up, at once, We shall go to the hard work.

2. John has to sow rye, Ambrose to harrow. And this miserable old man Ma.y p11e the brushwood. Ambrose has to tend ca.ttle, And the master must care for

everything.

3. And you, the mistress of the house,

Turn around quickly. May your eyes Always stay clear. Boil cabbage and bacon, A full pot as much as needed.

4. And you, please, saddle me a horse,

Type B13.10. A rye harvest song. In the second part of the son~ is told how the father-in-law asks the sun to stay longer in the sky, because his daughter-in-law is not tired yet and she may work longer, despite much more difficult working conditions.

Performed by Mrs. E. Piga­giene, b. 1884 in PerloJa (i~ migrant in 1905), and Mrs. L. Andriusiene, b. 1892 in Varta-1aukis Village, Nedzinge Parish (immigrant in 1909). Recorded Sept. 2, 1949, in Brockton,Mass.

Performed by Mr. A. Zautra, b. 1891 in Guobiniai Village, Llskiava Parish (immigrant in 1910); and Mr. J. Karauskas, b. 1890 in VieciUUai Village, Rat­nycia Parish (immigrant in 1907). Recorded July 7, 1950, in Nashua, N. H.

gel", APjos' vasaros darbe1".

T~~.qjii . ~~~i~t~' ~i~~~ii~ )

I will ride and see the summer's work.

• • , (Two lines missing.) Some of the thick, sun-yellow

barley We will bring to the barn by

the highroad.

This rumorous song on farmer's daily work and life represents a rather recent type of popular sin­ging in two voices •

Parvesim " k1uon~ viesu )2. ke1al1u. )

5. Nedelios su1auk" Padarysim a1\O. Padarysim a1~, Padesim an sta10. Tai gersim, tai uliavosim,) Ir Ponui Dievui padekavo- )2

elm. )

5. When the Sunday comes, We will brew beer. We will brew beer And place it on the table. So we will drink and be merry, And we w111 say thanks to God

II the Lord.

PRODUCTION DIRECTOR, MOSES ASCH

FOLKWA YS RECORDS NUMERICAL AMERICANA 10" fA'lOOI Sq, Dtncn, Phllc Pele FA2002 Xmal CArob, Summen

~~= ~~~~ttl,n.~c~rdbeIlY I FA2005 Am. fllI"'8" Seegen

~~;= ~::~~~:'Mt~.cr~)'Con ~~~~~ ~=::,!·u:;.n ~::cr. ollien FA20lJ Dm Bovl, Guduk

~~~:! :!cs:rr.·l~:t:"~IIY'2 ~~:~~ ~:d~ ;rne~.S?:~::r~n 1'''2022 Cowboy BaILlds, CI~O HouslOfl FA2023 SOlomon Valley. Jemison

~~~~~! ~~~:~!Wc~~g~~k~,r .. rIY yun FA2028 Get On bid, FolklNlllcn FA2030 lIrown~ McGhee, 8111e1 FA2032 ,.. ... f[~·IVi~Sngl.

~~ig~; ~I,>;!!:a, ~::;Ii~y fA2036 MOI'lTlon Songl. IfihOfl

~~:~~ ~1:~-tp~t."t~il.Nted ~A203V Joe 11111 Sns'" Gluel

t~ig:~ ~~~:;:I's'u;ur:f~d rA'l042 1!.Ild Ttnclln', HOUston FA2043 Simpler, Soecgct

;;r= ~~i1.~~I~~::;:r' ;~:li ~~;?i~~~~~~kNOft SONGS OF THE S'I'A'I'ES 10'

~~;:~ ~~~;':~I~;~:er fA'2128 T. u" ~ FA2132 MlnneiO'OI, Slucllcln FA'l13'" Kam;tI.O'lItpnl ~A2136 KentUCky, [nglbh

AMERICAN HISTORICAL' 10" n.t21,st "RcYQhuion r, ftOU .. FH2152 IIrvohllion II, lloot!: FH2163 Wa, 1E1!~ I, House FH216.4 War 18122, IioUle FB217& n1)l1licI, Setl':' I

~~:=; ~I~:t:ar~,t~ 2 FH2188 Civil"".' 2. Nyt rH2JB9 llerhagt USA I. MOrTlson FH2190 I~rhalt USA 2. MOI'Ibon fW2191 IItlill~!'peechell . K!.Irllon 1'112192 Iltlltag",S~(' .. htI2. KUllan

MUSIC U. S. A. 10" ~~~:i ~~;~t ~:.. J:~~~~y Terry

;~g~: ~: S:l',~:fS~I'M • liurd

~~5 r~f~E~:~:F AMERICANA 12"

~~i~~ ·~~~~A~.Iq:lt .'tU)'Ion ~~:g:! ~!~;U:,1'S.71e 1'1.2311) StO!'ltfni.n Famlly8anp 1'1.2316 Ritchie Family. Goe, FA.!31'! MI. MI,IIil:of~nlUcky FA2318 MI. Mudc:, Bluegl." FA23i9 Am. BallAd., Seeger 1'1.2320 fn, Arne-I •• Suger . ~A2321 Fay, Amer. 2, Sceger 1'1.2322 FlY . Amel. 3, Seeger rA'1324 w&iklnSun, ~blt'llon 1'..,2328 CounlrY Blues, Broonty 1'1.232'1 MeGhet. Teny, Blutl FA'1330 Walt Robemon 1'''2333 women's Lo'It Songl, t.UrwU

~~::: ~~':I~O:8a~~: ~8ry.nl FA2346 CI.tc:o l"O!Aron, FolkJoop FA2348 Andrew ~an Summen, Songs FA2354 N Y l.umberjack, Sideen FA'Z356 Old HarpS1nsing 1'1.2351 Gmpel SongJ, Wen FA2~ Amer, Rmg Ful •• Thoma. I=,w361 Hymns and Carob, Svmmbeh 11.2364 Unqlliel Grave, Sllmmeu

~~~~; ~~ru~~]'st.~'r; Sdclu FA238IJ Cal Iron, Blues ~ Hyml'll FA23i3 Mickey Milkr. Folklonp FA231J6 New LOR Cily Rlmb1en fA23WJ New LOll City Rlmblen. V.2 1'1.2401 Follumllhs fA:il409 Counuy Genl. (lIu"81:a.)

~~~::~ ~f~~h~,Cac!.~.Ie~J 1'1.2421 Trad. Blue. 11, Br. McCbee FA242B Rilehle. Brand Concen 1'1.2429 Foe'.1e mg .. Clayron fA\l439 None.uch. SeeRer, Hamilion

t::~": :t::;!'{:h ~~:\e~8e~Aoo.. ~~i~ E~~J:~~~~:t::)Mulle 1'1.2462 Mudc Ne ... Orl. 2. Eureka fltnd 1'1.2463 Musk. New Orl, 3, DaIlQe Ha14 1'1.2464 Muale Ne'" Orl. 4, Jan Orlg, 1'1.2465 Mush~ New Or!. 6, FloWering FAZ41' Snooks r..t,Un, BlUft f A~48(l SongJ Open Road, CJsco ttowton 0""481 Bound for lilory, Guthrie

TOPICAL SERIES 12"

:~: ~:::~'nll~I~~~~~ ~:;i: =;;:~~;';,ne~v::l .. ynoldi

MUSIC U, S. A\ 12" FAMOI Soulh}eney BaIMi 1'1.2605 I -Man Band, Ilack~n FA'l610 Amer, Skllfle Bancb 1'1.2650 'Mw.k from Sourb I FA~51 Mude ffOm South 2 FA2I!l52 MIU1c from South 3 FA'l6~ MInk: from SolIdi 4 FA2654 Music from Soulh 5 1'102655 MII'ic from Soulh 6 FA2656 Mulic from Soulh 7 1'1.2657 Millie from Soulh 8

:~:: ~~~cJ~m,,~!e(9Mu'dC fr 50111h 10) FA'2fi71 6 II 7/8 5ulns Band

JAZZ SERIES 12" fn801 Amlt. I, The SOIim FJ2II02_Anah,2,811.1e1 fnll03 Anm, 3, New Orlena FJ2804 A!'Ih, 4, Jau5tnaen R2806 Anlh, 5, OIleaso 1

~:z:~ ~~~:~: ~~Cl1!: FI2801 Anth. II, BlS !IIInds FJ280i Anlh. 9, PiAno

~~!~ ~~~: :~: ~':d. K C

AMERICANA 2-12" fA2Hl1.udbellyLelac),1

;~i=~ ~~~:t~~er I fA2t:i2 Am, Folkmudc 2 fA2953 Am, folJunu.dc 3

WORLD HISTORICAL and SPEt:1A LTY 12"

PN3000 CaMdia In 5(01)" 5<xl&, IoIllh 2-12~ fW3001 O·Canadia. MUla FW3002 Irbtl Rebellion, IioUie

1.ITH08ItA'HID IN U,S. "

fT3602 "un. of On::hema

~~ ::'':.?L~~, 1=~e=nra~-12-1'531110 IlueUH. Kuee

~:~ ~.1&~; ~:."!: V~=-fS31122 L1stnnin' Hopldl'll. 1Ilue. FS3II~3 "'-"J I..cwls, bluea FS3128 Pt:ta Slule , banjo fS38:H Wlllwyck Sleel Band FS383'1' Accordion, Ton)'Lne1U FS3II ..... bad. Mu.'c, SpeDCtr I FS!l845 1Ifo1t&1lII.M..,.lc, \00(:.&12 fS31146, IIroballllaMusic:, huu, 3 F531161 Ind1&n Summer Flh",eore (Seesert)

~:; ~~n::;i~~h!I~'Llln'ld :ss:~ :,no lle~,!;e GM.n::~~e:::;n FS385IJ M;'rrue I.ove, voe.lt. lar fS31160 PlcaMO rum Mu,ic FS3861 Henry Jacob'. program

~~:~ ~~~dt~lrl'n'!!n!e FS31164 Seeser" Broonzy Inrervlew

~=: ~I~~:~v~~~~:-=umenury fS3II'I'O The Veep, Intervkw 1'538'1'2 Rawhide , No, 2 F538'1'3 Rawhide, No, 3 FS3811 HaI'1 Alllhems 1 "FS3I82 "'-1'1 An!heffill2 PS31190 Telemlnn Sngi., Wolff

ETHNIC MONOORAPH LIBRARY 12"

ETHNIC FOLKWAYS LIBRARY FE4356 Trad. Dlnc:e •• lapa.n 1291

FE4380 MUIIe of Aaam

~~::~ :r=n~nN.s~~' .:~~ • FE4402 EquatorlalAfrlCi FE4403 DnlmJ of Halll

~~=: ~~lcM~r'I~U!re~iop" 1'[,&406 MUllcorlndoned.l 1[440'1' Folk Mu.lc of Haiti FE«'lll folic Mu,1c:of Pale.tlne FE44fl1I rolk Mudcor Indl& FE441U Cull Music: of Cuba

~~:::~ i:d't.~:~': o?'':''k:O FU~" Folk Muaie or franee. fE441 6 Mutlcof Peru F[4416 Mu.ic ItI,iMlan Middle ~K FE«I'I' Negro Mulle Ala.. teeu1&r

~:::; ~.r"=~fA~;,;.~~ISlout FE4420 Anw:rlcan IndlalUl 5. '(i. F£4421 Mu,ieor SouIh Anbiol fE4422 TradidOll&I MuJk of India FE4423 Mudc of Sou!bea. Ad .. FE4424 Folk Mudc hom Koru 1'[4425 Folk Mudc ofPakblan f[4-426 Spanbtl Mullc New Mellco FE442'1' folk Mudc 'Wulem Conso

~~:::z~ ~":a:~orl~r;:~1 ~~::~ :?~!,p~:IC~rll::, FE443'l Solll' and Dlneel of Haill FE4433 Maori Songl New Zuland FE4434 Folk Mulleof Yugo.1.aviol fU436 lliack Carll,., Hondutu FE4436 IIII.mele Folk" Trad. Mualc FE4431 Flamenco trtt.,ko FE4438 Cajun SoogsLOI.Ill1.11'101 FE4439 TrlN. l MUIJc:.of Auwallol F£4440 Relfglolla Songl s.urra. rE4441 DtUITIJ of Yot\Iba Nigeda FE ..... 2 Mualcofthe Fai.lsbi. 1'[4443 Mullc of 1M Ukraine FE4444 Eaidl'flOl , Aluka, Hudton ltay f£4+CI Aalnead Ind1&n. Monul'lol F£4446 Music flom Mato GrClllO FE444o'1' MIl,lc rrom Sourh .... iI. <=£4448 rolk Music An.mlldands FE ..... 9 fapane", 8u6dltIJlRilll&b F£4450 ~a Cape .CIOIl hi.

~~~ ~:: ~a~ ~J:.:i: fE4454 folk M\,IIk of Gree« 1'£4456 Mualc of hru, No. 2

~~ rl,.m!::.f: ~:"::'II~:~ fE44(lO Tem1.ar Drum Sngl Mlbya FE4461 .Jamaican Cult RhJ'lhmt

~=~ ~~: ~~~':Jal, Gambia FE4464 Indlal'llCanadl.ln Pial .. FE4466 Folk Mulkof Liberia fE4466 ltanunoo Music Philippine. FE446'1' Folk o.n«, of Greece.

~=: ~:der~~~fclr,om Iraq

~~~~ ~~~~~I~CA1&., 3 fE44'n Nc:groMUlieAi.I .. 4 FE44'1'3 Negro MlJIk: A1& .. 6 fE44'1'4 Nesro Mulic: 1.1&., 6 FE44'1'S Nt-sro Prllon Work Sons' FE44'1'1I "'Ollie MII.1e Ivory eoaa 'FE44'1''I' Topoke People Conso

~~~ ~~~ ~eDu~~1c: ~~::; =~r'h:fl:I~~C:Pk FE450IA-II' Music Medlren~nean, I fE46CIIC . D Mudc MedllernllUn, 2 fE4602A-1 Afrlean Cru.,.., I FE45O\lC-D Afro·American Dumt, 2 fE4S20A-I Folk Mudc 11.11)'. I fE462OC-D folk t.tIlic 11.11)" 2

ETHNIC FOLKWAYS LIBRARY 2-12"

FE4S00 Negro Mudc Africa '" Amedca FE4501 MIIIlc of Medhenanean F£4602 "'riCin" Afro-Amet. thin-. fE4503 African MUlie Soulh of sabara FE4504 Muaicof World'. People, I fE4506 Wusic of World', People. 2

FE46CNI Musleor World',People. 3 f£4M'I' Mualc or World's People, 4 FE4510 World's Vocal Aru F£Q20 Folk Music from Italy

~;:i~ ri~~lt~t~~~) fE453S USSR rol~ MUIi<:(2-12-)

AMERICAN HISTORICAL 2-10'· ~500IIIfoI1adsAllvolllllon(2nl.tt2162) fH500Z lLI,ladl Waf of llll~ (2163" 2164) FH~3 fronlle.lLIlla. , (21'1'S&o\l1'1'6) FH5I)04 8.l11&d. Civil War (2111'1' "2188) fH5005 Cow,n1a1 5peeche. (2189 '" ~190) FH5005 lie rhaRe Speeche.(2191" 2111'l)

AMERICAN HIST and DOCUMENTARY 12'·

Fl-152l'1' Btll.s.d.of Otllo. Grime.

:::;~i ~~k~,~~.i.t Gsre~nw~Jye FH6251 Amer. Indus. Ballad., SeeSer

~~~;~ :~00~~4v9~ ~fbh ~~ler ~~~~~ ~~!; ::;;. ,Sc~C~mble" ~~ Eri ~:i:':i:e~::~gbl ~~m: :1::..,:I~c:~'a~~~~rGUrbtle FH6501 Unl),pleal PoUrleLan, Speeches FH5S24 HUmin Righu, Mn. IbIJeveh FD65S8 New York Ii, Sc:hwattl 1'05659 ~vaYork, Schwarlt fD6560 Millions of MlllieLan" Schwanz fD6562 [l[cba"&e, Schwarlt FD5S80 A Dog'. Life. Schwanz fD6Ml Mulle In lite SlIeell, Schwanz

~om: ~:1','f0l~~~ ~-:i-. Hoote FH511'1' SIIR,ofClvU Wlr, ~-12-FH5123 Cowbo)'. 'acldOn 2-12-

SCIENCE SERIES 12" FX6001 Science of Sound(2-12") FX6100 Souncls of Frequency. "'"ok

.fX6101 Scle~ In Ollr Lives, Calder FX6104 Sounds of ScIf-IIYPllQtla

~~~:gg ~~::~ ~~\:C~7nn::~$1 FX61~1 Sounds In lhe Su FXtlI22 Sounds or the Amerlun Soulhwesl rX'61'23 Vox Humlnl, vOC.lI eldel'llion FX6124 Soundl of Anlmala. &00 " farm FX612S SoundlofSu AnllNlis FX6126 Sounds of CatTIlvll, Mu.le fX6121 Soun. of Medklne FX6130 Sound Plllel1U t'X6134i Shon venion of FX600'l' FX6140 Soun. of SpOI'll Caf Races FX61S1 Sound!. of African Home FX6162 Soundl Slum Loeomolive •• I fX6153 Sounds Slum Loconbtlves, 2 FX6154 Soun. Slum Locomol.U, 3 FX61~ Sounds N Y ~nllal L.oeomolll'eJ fX6160 Sounds or New Muaie FX6166 Soundl N. Ame •. rrog. FX61'1'0 Sound Weell, No, 1 FX61'1'8 Inltel Sounds

FX6200 Sounds of S.lIIdiru FX6250 SoundsofSclelM:&riel1on

STEREO 12" FS56301 HISItIlghuor VOI'tU

DANCES 12" F06$OI Folk~.:!:'a~;~I~di:O'~I' 1

F06Mn I'olk Dance. World', Peoplea. 2 Europe

FD6S03 Folic Dlnce. World'a Peoplel. 3 Carrlbean and Soullt Ammedcan

1'06504 Folk Dancea World'. People., 4 Mldd1e.~"

fD11510 N. Amer. Indian DarlOu

fOLKWAYS RECORDS

•CI~

,,~~~ iiil, . ~"""c.f'~

U.S.A.: 121 West 47th SI. New York. N. Y.

Canada: 1437 Mackay St Montreal, Quebec.

FOLKTALES FOR CHILDREN 10"

fC1102 Tale. from Indone.sla fCn03 Tales from Wen A&k:t

,~:g: ::Ust!' '::frn:ng~ul!t' ~:g; Lc:r: :'::I~~'lt~ 'fC'I'l08 Klondlk&, Berlon 'FC'!'109 Ride wirbtbe Sun fC'1110 Alband Talea, Coutlander 'fC"I1l4 Negro Poe"),, Hughes. "fC'1l25 'Davy CtoekCl, Haye.

CHILDREN'S INTERNATIONAL SERIES 10"

FC'I'200 Pue.bln Incllan ($4.95) FC'I'201 Afrlkaaru So"" I FC'1208 french Songl. MUll FC'I'214 Game. Freneh Canadol FC72111 Lalln American Sons. FC'I'224 Jew'tsb Songl . Rubin FC'I'226 hraell Song •• 8en-~ra

~~~: Vw'df:tr XS~. ~O'W)' child.

~= ~rr;::,n LS:'~~V~~~U FC72'1'O Gem.n Song •• WoUf fC12'1'l German Sna.I!, Wolff

CHILDREN'S SPECIAL

& HISTORICAL 10·' FC'I'30'I' Musk Time, 8Ir.Ue.y FC'I'308 Call '" ae,pot'IK , Jenldna

~~~~ ~~l:' J:r~or~t~~ghe. 'FC1341 Sounds of NYC , Sc:llwan% FC1MO Inlervle .... 'Wm. Douglas 'FC1351 Inte rview, Robe" M. HUlchlns FC7352 ~n, Margaret Smith

'FC'I'353 InlervleW, AI Capp

~~ :~::~::~: :t!'"rri~ Mead FC'I'402 Who Buill America. ~nyun FC'I'406 Follow dte SUIlM'I. Bailey "FC'I'431' Man and Hil wOI'k fC'I'432 Man and Hil ReIiRion

CIDLDREN'S SERIES 12"

PRICE SCHEDULE

Unless Otherwise

SpeciHed

12" Record $5.95 10·' Record $4. 2.:i

LISTING 'F11I1l2AfIl Eue.nliab of I.lIl1'1, Vol, I 'F18112C/D ElKnllall of Lalin, Vol . II F11I112E/'F Euenljab of Ladn, vol, III 'F11I112G/H EMendals of Ladn, Vol, IV

tlll116 !IIIllc Lalln Rio-harm. Vol. Ii

MUSIC INSTRUCTION SERIES 10"-12"

RlI203 Banjo 11'1111., Seeger, IO~ fl8~'1'3 Acivenluruln IIIythm, JenkJ.na FI8320 Bongo CnII'111 IlI$Ir.

"F18354 Gulur II'IIU., Seeser FIII368 Hindu Mu.ic: I .....

INTERKATIONAL SERIES 12" fW8.sGt Slngh:18 Su" MlcCoU. IItboln F'W8552 Sounc:!jofJeru .. lem fW8'1'08 .11. Broadside Blilad. fWB'I'16 AUI(r.illan, Greenway FWII'I'26 Rk'ng1 of Norway

~:i~ ~1~~nT~.~':t: C:t~%lnvaOer FW8'1'36 Yemenlle Song., Gill !'W8'1'31 Sephardlc ~" Levy FW8140 RIUh Rubin Conce" FW81 ... 5,,£, of "'''rhimel, MUll F'W8'1'48 Trad. OIII""n SonSa FWB'I'S2 £X0l1c Dlncea "fWB'I'54 Ruwlan Choral ~dc

~:i= ~~~b~br~:.!.~~<:,;t~~fIr) fWB'I'62 Gaelic Songs .... Hltlp FW8164 Sukuchewan - Maniloba • FWII'1l1 Ne ... foundUnd. Mills

~:~:: g~~~5~nf;u~n~~al. Wolff 'FW8791 SongsofPhlllipl~' fWi\IIOI Songs and Daneu of Turkey FWSSO~ Song, and [linen of Put-no Rico F .... ·1! .. 03 ~$ and Dlnc:ea of Yusoslavla rw6800S GctlNln r-olk ~t)fIS$ FW!1I07 Alp Mount.lln SnSa t. Yodels rw"~!l9 Bsllbh We1l Ind~, ~""d910 CUlIdlln 81.1ck ""alch F'W8811 Carib RhYlhml. san And.ea

~~:~~ ~~~~~~o:~f~te& Dance. flNP8'25 Ilonour ~,ur Plrlnenr - calli

~~::i; ~~~~I o'r~~:tr'illitar 1'W883d Alllllu,n Danc:u, ii'.! ~"""I!.8~1 o\lgcllllne !"lIncea !"W8842 Mgenllne [lince, IILOIObolo, !'W8844 Venezucla Dlnee. F'W1I850 IndLllllof SouthWeA. 8ouhon 1-"""81151 Me_lean ind1&llI. lbu.hon FW88S2 African Mu.ic:, Bouhon

:::~ ~~n ~~~\:~dC:O fW6870 Marl.aebl OI00e., ~e" FW88l1 Fjeld Trip - Engllnd

~:::~ ~~:.IC.Ja~,!,;" o':~ie

RELIGIOUS SERIES 12" FII8901 FII8916 1'1189'21 FRS." , .. "" "'." 1'118942 'AS,., 1'118951

""". fR89'1'S "" ... SCHOOL EXAM SERIES 12"

R91011 AnI~tl:! ~~~"mIS;:E~.~;-12. 10filh lurbook. IS2,50

~IS'