mohiqbal - ComputerApp 2 (software) 2013mohiqbal.staff.gunadarma.ac.id/Downloads/files/34312/mohiqbal+... · - Database Management System - Telecommunications monitors - System Utilities

FIRST COURSE

Perangkat Lunak

Dr. Mohammad Iqbal

XPKategori Perangkat Lunak

SystemManagement

Programs

SystemSupport

Programs

SystemDevelopment

Program

Systemsoftware

ProgramsGeneralPurpose

Application

Application-specificPrograms

ApplicationSoftware

ComputerSoftware

- Operating Systems- Operating environments- Database

Management System- Telecommunications monitors

- System Utilities- Performance Monitors- Security monitors

- Programming Language

translators- Programming

environments- CASE packages

- Word Processing- Spreadsheets- Database

Managers- Telecommu-

nications- Graphics- Integrated

Packages

- Accounting- Marketing , Sales

analysis- Manufacturing- Production

Control- Finance Capital

Budgeting ,...

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Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition 3

Sekilas pandang Perangkat Lunak

• Computer programs: sequences of instructions for the computer

• Documentation: describes program functions

• Software – system software and application software

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Mendukung Individual, Group dan Organisasi

• Organisation – people, workgroup, enterprise –supported with software and IS

• Organisation needs to classify the software and IS uses to increase productivity – need to identify the scope of problems and opportunities

• Sphere of influence: the scope of problems and opportunities addressed by a particular organisation

• For most companies, the spheres of influence are personal, workgroup, and enterprise

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Software Supporting Individuals, Workgroups, and Enterprises

Mendukung Individual, Group dan Organisasi

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Instal dan Remove Software Komputer

• Before you can use software, it must be installed on a computer

• Software for personal computers typically comes on CDs or is downloaded from the Web

• Most operating systems have an add/remove program feature for removing software– Does not work with all software

– Does not always remove all elements of the software

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PERANGKAT LUNAKPERANGKAT LUNAKSISTEMSISTEM

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Perangkat Lunak Sistem

• Systems software– Controls operations of computer hardware

– Supports application programs’ problem‐solving capabilities

• Types of systems software– Operating systems

– Utility programs

– Middleware

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Matrikulasi MMSI – Universitas Gunadarma 2013 9

Perangkat Lunak Sistem• System software manages the fundamental operations of your computer– Operating system

• System resource

• Multitasking

– Utilities

– Programming Languages

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Perangkat Lunak Sistem : 1. SO• Operating system (OS): set of programs that controls the computer hardware and acts as an interface with application programs

• Kernel: ties all components of the OS together and regulates other programs

• Various combinations of OSs, computers, and users– Single computer with a single user– Single computer with multiple users– Multiple computers– Special‐purpose computers

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While the computer is running, the operating system remains in memory until power is removed from the computer

The operating system tells the computer how to perform functions

Sistem Operasi (SO)What is an operating system?• A type of system software• Contains instructions that coordinate all the activities among

computer hardware devices

Start the computer and the operating system (usually found on the computer’s hard disk drive) is loaded, or copied into memory

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Principles of Information Systems, Eighth Edition12

Sistem Operasi (SO)

• Activities performed by the operating system– Perform common computer hardware functions

– Provide a user interface and input/output management

– Provide a degree of hardware independence

– Manage system memory

– Manage processing tasks

– Provide networking capability

– Control access to system resources

– Manage files

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Sistem Operasi (Lanjutan)

The Role of Systems Software

The role of Systems Software –interface between users, application software and hardware

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Sistem Operasi (Lanjutan)

• OS acts as an intermediary between application and hardware

• OS converts basic request into a set of details instruction that the hardware requires

• Common hardware functions (e.g.)– Get input from keyboard or some other input device

– Retrieve data from disks

– Store data on disks

– Display information on a monitor or printer

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Fungsi OS

1. User interface and input/output management– User interface: allows individuals to access and command the computer system

– Command‐based user interface: requires that text commands be given to the computer to perform basic activities

– Graphical user interface (GUI): uses icons and menus displayed on screen to send commands to the computer system

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Fungsi OS (Lanjutan)

2. Hardware independence– Application program interface (API): allows applications to make use of the operating system

3. Memory management– Control how memory is accessed and maximize available memory and storage

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Figure 4.6: Application Program Interface Links Application Software to the Operating System

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4. Processing tasks– Multitasking: more than one program can run at the same time

– Time‐sharing: allows more than one person to use a computer system at the same time

– Scalability: ability of the computer to handle an increasing number of concurrent users smoothly

5. Networking capability– Features and capabilities of the OS that aid users in connecting to a computer network


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6. Access to system resources and security– Protection against unauthorized access

– Logins and passwords

7. File management– Ensures that files in secondary storage are available when needed and that they are protected from access by unauthorized users


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OS Terkini

Table 4.2: Popular Operating Systems Cross All Three Spheres of Influence

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• Microsoft PC operating systems– PC‐DOS and MS‐DOS: early, command‐driven OSs

– Windows XP: greatly improved stability and security over previous versions of Windows

– Windows XP N: for European market

– Windows XP Professional X64: for computers with newer 64‐bit capabilities

– Windows XP Media Center Edition: incorporates additional multimedia features

– Vista, 7, 8 : latest version of Windows

OS Terkini (Lanjutan)

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• Apple operating systems– Often provide cutting edge tools in graphics and music not available from Microsoft

– Mac OS X• Jaguar (OS X.2)

• Panther (OS X.3)

• Tiger (OS X.4): support for 64‐bit computing, Dashboard, Spotlight, etc.


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• Linux– Developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991

– Open‐source product

– Only the kernel of an OS

– Several distributions available with capabilities/applications that form a complete OS

• Examples: Red Hat Linux, Caldera OpenLinux


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Workgroup Operating Systems

• Windows Server

• UNIX

• NetWare

• Red Hat Linux

• Mac OS X Server

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Enterprise Operating Systems

• z/OS

• MPE/iX

• HP‐UX

• Linux

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OS untuk Komputer kecil, Embedded Computer, dan Special‐Purpose Devices

• Palm OS

• Windows Embedded

• Windows Mobile

• Android

• IOS

• Hardware‐based OS

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Perangkat Lunak Sistem : 2.Program Utilitas

• Help to perform maintenance or correct problems with a computer sistem

• Common types of utility programs:– Hardware utilities

– Virus‐detection and recovery utilities

– File‐compression utilities

– Spam and pop‐up blocker utilities

XPProgram Utilitas (Lanjutan)What is a utility program?• Also called a utility

• A type of system software that performs a specific task

• Usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs

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Program Utilitas (Lanjutan)

• Network and Internet utilities

• Server and mainframe utilities

• Other utilities– Manages and protects corporate documents

– Helps people with visual disabilities use the Internet

– Monitors employees

– Searches for files and documents

XPProgram Utilitas (Lanjutan)What is an antivirus program?

• A utility that prevents, detects, and removes viruses from a computer’s memory or storage devices

A virus is a program that copies itself into other programs and spreads through multiple computersSome viruses destroy or corrupt data

XPPerangkat Lunak Sistem

• Sistem Program Development

Trend: Toward Conversational Natural Programming Languages.

Trend: Toward Easy-to-Use Multipurpose Application Packages.

FirstGeneration

SecondGeneration

ThirdGeneration

FourthGeneration

FifthGeneration?

User-Writtenprograms

Machinelanguage

Packagedprograms

Symboliclanguages

Operatingsystems

High-levellanguages

Database ManagementSystems

4GL

MicrocomputerPackages

NaturalLanguages

MultipurposeGUIExpert

SoftwareTrends

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Bahasa Pemrograman

• Sets of keywords, symbols, and a system of rules for constructing statements by which humans can communicate instructions to be executed by a computer

• Different languages have different characteristics

• Syntax: a set of rules associated with a programming language

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Evolusi Bahasa Pemrograman

Table 4.9: The Evolution of Programming Languages

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Evolusi Bahasa Pemrograman(lanjutan)

• Visual, object‐oriented, and artificial intelligence languages are easier for nonprogrammers to use than older generation languages

• Visual languages use a graphical or visual interface for program development

• Object‐oriented programming languages are based on objects

• Compiler: a special software program that converts programmer’s source code into machine‐language instructions consisting of binary digits

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Evolusi Bahasa Pemrograman (lanjutan)

Figure 4.21: Reusable Code in Object-Oriented Programming

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Evolusi Bahasa Pemrograman(lanjutan)

Figure 4.23: How a Compiler Works

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PERANGKAT LUNAKPERANGKAT LUNAKAPLIKASIAPLIKASI

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Perangkat Lunak Aplikasi

• Application software: helps users solve particular problems

• In most cases, application software resides on the computer’s hard disk

• Application software can also be stored on CDs, DVDs, and flash or keychain storage devices –portable software

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Perangkat Lunak Aplikasi

• Primary function is to apply the power of the computer to give individuals, workgroups, and the entire enterprise the ability to solve problems and perform specific tasks

• Application programs interact with systems software; systems software then directs computer hardware to perform the necessary tasks

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Sekilas Perangkat Lunak Aplikasi

• Proprietary software: one‐of‐a‐kind program for a specific application, usually developed and owned by a single company

• Off‐the‐shelf software: existing software program that is purchased

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Types of Application Software

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Table : A Comparison of Proprietary and Off-the-Shelf Software

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Table : A Comparison of Proprietary and Off-the-Shelf Software (continued)

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Personal Application Software

• Serves the needs of an individual user

• Includes personal productivity software– Enables users to improve their personal effectiveness

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Table : Examples of Personal Productivity Software

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Table : Examples of Personal Productivity Software (continued)

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• Software suite: collection of single application programs packaged in a bundle– Microsoft Office: most popular general‐purpose software suite

– Other general‐purpose software suites: Corel’s WordPerfect Office, Lotus SmartSuite, Sun Microsystems’s StarOffice

• Integrated application packages: offer a range of capabilities for less money than software suites– Example: Microsoft Works

XPPersonal Application SoftwareWhat is a software package?• A specific software product, such as Microsoft Word

• Available through retail, shareware, freeware, and public‐domain

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Table : Major Components of Leading Software Suites

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Workgroup Application Software

• Workgroup application software: support teamwork, whether people are in the same location or dispersed around the world

• Groupware: software that helps groups of people work together more efficiently and effectively

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Workgroup Application Software

Table : Ernst & Young’s “Three Cs” Rule for Groupware

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Enterprise Application Software

• Software that benefits an entire organization

• Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software: set of integrated programs that manage a company’s vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization

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Enterprise Application Software

Table 4.8: Examples of Enterprise Application Software

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Application Software for Information, Decision Support, and Specialized Purposes

• Specialized application software for information, decision support, and other purposes is available in every industry

• Examples– Genetic researchers use software to visualize and analyze the human genome

– Music executives use decision support software to help pick the next hit

– Decision support software is used to increase the cure rate for cancer

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Software Issues and Trends

• Because software is such an important part of today’s computer systems, software issues have received increased attention

• Major software issues and trends discussed in the text– Software bugs, copyright, software licensing, open‐source software, shareware and public domain software, multiorganizational software development, software upgrades, and global software support

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Software Bugs

• Software bug: defect in a computer program that keeps it from performing as it is designed to perform

• Tips for reducing impact of software bugs– Register all software so that you can receive bug alerts, fixes, and patches

– Check the manual or read‐me files for work‐arounds

– Access support area of the manufacturer’s Web site for patches

– Install the latest software updates

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Copyrights and Licenses

• Most software products are protected by law using copyright or licensing provisions– In some cases, you are given unlimited use of software on one or two computers

– In other cases, you pay for your usage—if you use the software more, you pay more

• Some software now requires that you register or activate it before it can be fully used

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Open‐Source Software

• Open‐source software: software freely available to anyone in a form that can be easily modified

• Some widely used open‐source software packages: Linux OS, Free BSD, Apache, Sendmail, Perl

• Open‐source software is often more reliable and secure than commercial software

• Open‐source systems can contain hidden costs, particularly for user support or solving problems with the software

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Open‐Source Software (continued)

Table 4.10: Examples of Open-Source Software

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Shareware, Freeware, and Public Domain Software• Shareware and freeware: software that is very inexpensive or free, but whose source code cannot be modified

• Public domain software: shareware and freeware that is in the public domain

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Software Upgrades

• Software companies revise their programs and sell new versions periodically

• Revised software may or may not offer any major additional capabilities

• Revised software can contain bugs or errors

• Software upgrades usually cost much less than the original purchase price

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Global Software Support

• Vendors face the challenge of providing adequate support for their software customers in all locations of the world

• Trend of outsourcing global support to one or more third‐party distributors

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FUNGSIONALITASFUNGSIONALITASPERANGKAT LUNAKPERANGKAT LUNAK

XPFungsionalitas Perangkat Lunak

• Application software Principal• Productivity software• Developing a document• Graphics and multimedia software• Software for home, personal, and educational use

• Software for communications• Applications on the Web• Learning aids and support tools within an application

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To facilitate communications

To support household activities,

for personal business, or for

education

As a productivity/business tool

To assist with graphics and multimedia

projects

Prinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi

• Programs that perform specific tasks for users

• Also called a software application or an application

• Several reasons to use application software

XPPrinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)What are the categories of application software?

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A graphical user interface (GUI) combines text, graphics, and other visual images to make software easier to use

Prinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)What is a user interface?• Controls how you enter data or instructions and how information displays on the screen

p. 3.4Next

XPPrinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)What is the desktop?

• On‐screen work area that can display graphical elements– Icons– Buttons– Windows– Menus– Links– Dialog boxes

PointerSmall symbol on the screen

To click an object, you move the pointer to the object and then press and release a button on the mouse

IconsSmall images that display to

represent a program, a document, or some other object

ButtonsGraphical elements that you can

activate to cause a specific action to take place

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A command is an instruction that causes a computer program to perform a specific actionA submenu is a menu that displays when you point to a command on a previous menu

• A menu contains commands you can select

Prinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)What is a menu?

Accessories submenu

Paint program command

Start button

Programs submenu

Start menu

command

XPPrinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)How can you start an application?• Click its program name on a menu or submenu

Click a program command name

Instructs the operating system to start the applicationTransfers the program from a storage medium into memory

XPPrinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)What are features of an application window?

• A window is a rectangular area of the screen that displays a program, data, and/or information

Paint window

title bar

toolbar

A title bar is a horizontal space that contains the window’s name

XPPrinsip‐prinsip Aplikasi(Lanjutan)What is a dialog box?

• A special window a program displays to provide information, present available options, or request a response

text box

check box

command buttons

option buttons

Print dialog box

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Word Processing

Spreadsheet

Database

Presentation Graphics

Personal Information Manager

Software Suite

Project Management

Accounting

Aplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is productivity software?

• Software that assists people in becoming more effective and efficient while performing daily activities

XPCompany on the Cutting Edge

• Supplies top‐rated software for personal computers

• Ninety‐five percent of personal computers run at least one Microsoft application

• The world’s leading productivity software developer

Click to view Web Linkthen clickMicrosoft

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kkdocument displays in word processing

window

printed document

Aplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is word processing software?

• Allows users to create and manipulate documents that contain text and graphics

• One of the most widely used types of application software

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is clip art?

• A collection of drawings, diagrams, and photographs that you can insert into documents

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat are some word processing features?

Specify marginsThe portion of the page outside the main body

of text

Word wrapSoftware automatically

positions text at the beginning of the next line when it extends

beyond the right page margin

ScrollingProcess of moving

different portions of the document on

the screen into view

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The house was deep in a secluded part of the woods. The trees surrounded the porch in a protective circle. Small clusters of pink and white flowers lined the walk leading up to the door. find or

searchfind or search

secluded

replacereplace

remote

Aplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is a major advantage of using a word processor?

• You can easily change what you have written

• Insert, delete, or rearrange words, sentences, paragraphs or entire sections

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reviews the spelling of

inividal words

Aplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is a spelling checker?• Reviews the spelling of individual words, sections of a document, or the entire document inividal

reviews the spelling of

individual words

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat are headers and footers?

Productivity Software

Page 3.9

Productivity software is software that assists people in becoming more effective and efficient while performing daily activities. Productivity software includes applications such as word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation graphics, personal information manager, software suite, accounting, and project management.

footer

Footer• Text that appears at

the bottom of each page

May include• Page numbers• Company names• Report titles• Dates

header

Header• Text that appears at

the top of each page

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat are other popular word processing features?

autocorrectautoformat

collaboration

columns

grammar checker

macros mail merge

templates

tables

thesaurus

tracking changes

voice recognition

Web page development

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printing

process of sending a file to a printer to generate output on a

medium such as paper

saving

process of copying a document from memory to a storage

medium such as a floppy disk or hard disk

editing

process of making changes to a document’s

existing content

formatting

changing the appearance of a document

Aplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat are the stages of developing a document?

creating

developing the document by entering text or numbers,

inserting graphical images, and performing other tasks using

an input device

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is the clipboard?• A temporary storage location used for cut, copy, and paste

Cut

Remove a portion of the document and store it on the

Clipboard

Paste

Place items stored on the clipboard into the

document

Copy

Duplicate a portion of the document and

store it on the Clipboard

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is a font?

Font styles

Font style adds emphasis to a font such as bold, italic, and underline

Font size specifies the size or the characters in a particular font in points• A single point is

about 1/72 of an inch in height

font size

fontA name assigned to a specific design of characters

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A file name is a unique combination of letters of the alphabet, numbers, and other characters that identifies the fileThe title bar of a document window usually displays the file name

Aplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is a file?

• A named collection of data, instructions, or information

• Each file has a file name file name on title bar

file name on title bar

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Step 1:Say, “Dictation” to instruct the

program you will be dictating. Say, “Car for sale”.

Step 2:Say, “Voice Command” to instruct the

program you will be issuing commands. Say, “Center”.

Step 3:Say, “Font”.

Step 4:Say, “Algerian” and then say,

“Font Size”.

Step 5:Say, “Forty Eight” and then say,

“Font Color”.

Step 6:Say, “Green” and then say,

“End”.

• The computer’s capability of distinguishing spoken words

Aplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is voice recognition?

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is spreadsheet software?

• Allows you to organize data in rows and columns

• Performs calculations on this data

• Rows and columns collectively called a worksheet

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasHow is a spreadsheet organized?

columnscolumnsData is organized vertically into columns identified by letters

rowsrows

Data is organized horizontally into rows identified by numbers

cellcell

A cell is the intersection of a column and row identified by the column letter and row number• ex. A19

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34,299.00

21%

$52.49

16 Formula

Performs calculations on the data in the worksheet and displays the resulting

value in a cell

Aplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat can a cell contain?

Value

Number

Label

Text that identifies the data and helps

organize the worksheet

November

Total

Expenses

Savings

=C4+C5+C6+C7+C8

=A3*4=(C6-B6)/A2

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is a function?• A predefined formula that performs common calculations

SUM

=C4+C5+C6+C7+C8 =SUM(C4:C8)

MINRATEROUND

LOG ABSTIME DATE

MAXCOUNT

AVERAGE

SUM SQRT

FVIFSTDEV

NPV

PMTPV

NOW

INT

LN

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is a macro?• A sequence of keystrokes and instructions you record and save

• Run the macro to perform the sequence of saved keystrokes and instructions

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is recalculation?• The capability of recalculating the rest of the worksheet when

data in a worksheet changes

• What‐if analysis is a process in which you change certain values in a spread sheet in order to reveal the effects of those changes

ExpensesFreshman Sophomore Junior Senior Total

Room & Board 3,290.00$ 3,454.50$ 3,627.23$ 3,808.59$ 14,180.32$ Tuition & Books 4,850.00 5,092.50 5,347.13 5,614.48 20,904.11 Clothes 490.00 514.50 540.23 567.24 2,111.97 Entertainment 635.00 666.75 700.09 735.09 2,736.93 Miscellaneous 325.00 341.25 358.31 376.23 1,400.79 Total 9,590.00$ 10,069.50$ 10,572.99$ 11,101.63$ 41,334.12$

Projected College Cash Flow AnalysisExpenses

Freshman Sophomore Junior Senior TotalRoom & Board 3,290.00$ 3,454.50$ 3,627.23$ 3,808.59$ 14,180.32$ Tuition & Books 10,000.00 10,500.00 11,000.00 11,500.00 43,000.00

Projected College Cash Flow AnalysisNew data entered

New data entered

ExpensesFreshman Sophomore Junior Senior Total

Room & Board 3,290.00$ 3,454.50$ 3,627.23$ 3,808.59$ 14,180.32$ Tuition & Books 10,000.00 10,500.00 11,000.00 11,500.00 43,000.00 Clothes 490.00 514.50 540.23 567.24 2,111.97 Entertainment 635.00 666.75 700.09 735.09 2,736.93 Miscellaneous 325.00 341.25 358.31 376.23 1,400.79 Total 14,740.00$ 15,477.00$ 16,225.86$ 16,987.15$ 63,430.01$

Projected College Cash Flow AnalysisNew data entered

New data entered

Totals recalculated

Totals recalculated

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is charting?• Allows you to display spreadsheet data in a chart that shows the relationship of data in graphical form

line chartline chart

pie chartpie chart

column chart

column chart

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is a database?

• A collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is database software?• Also called a database management system (DBMS)

• Allows you to create, access, and manage a database

add, change, and delete data

sort and retrieve data

create forms and reports

using the data

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat are the parts of a database?

Item tableItem table

Supplier table

Supplier table

A collection of data stored in tables

recordsrecords

A record is a row in a table that contains information about a given person, product, or event

fieldsfields

A field is a column in a table that contains a specific piece ofinformation within a record

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasHow is a database organized?• Records and fields in a table are described by the table structure

Supplier table structure

Supplier table structure

Item table structure

Item table structure

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat does the structure contain?

• Text: letters, numbers, or special characters

• Numeric: numbers only

• Currency: dollar and cent amounts

• Date: month, day, and year information

• Memo: lengthy text entries

• Hyperlink: Web address that links to a document or a Web page

• Object: picture, audio, video, or a document created in other applications

field name

A unique name that identifies

each field

field size

The maximum number of characters that a particular

field can contain

data type

The kind of data a field can contain and how the

field is used

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasHow is data entered or modified?

• Data is entered using a data entry form

• Entering individual records is known as populating the table

• Validation is the process of comparing the data to a set of rules or values to determine if the data is correct

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasHow is data manipulated to generate information?

• Sort or organize a set of records in a particular order

• Retrieve information using a query, or request for specific data– A query retrieves data by identifying criteria, which are restrictions the

data must meet

• Produces reports based on criteria the user supplies

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is presentation graphics software?

• Allows you to create documents called presentations

Sometimes called a slide showCan be displayed on a large monitor or on a projection screen

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is slide sorter view?• Used to help organize the presentation

• You can view small versions of all the slides

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Handouts to distribute to audience members

Notes page to help a speaker deliver the presentation

Aplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat output formats are available for a presentation ?

Outline of the text from each slide

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is a personal information manager (PIM)?

• A software application that includes an appointment calendar, address book, notepad, and other features

• Helps to organize personal information

• Most handheld computers have PIM functions

• You can synchronize, or transfer information between the handheld computer and a desktop computer

handheld computer

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is a software suite?• A collection of individual applications sold as a single package

• You install the entire collection of applications at once

• Two major advantages:

ease of uselower cost

XPAplikasi utk ProduktivitasWhat is project management software?• Allows you to plan, schedule, track, and analyze the events, resources, and costs of a project

XPProductivity SoftwareWhat is accounting software?• Helps companies record and report their financial

transactions

Newer packages support online direct deposit and payroll services

XPAplikasi Grafis dan MultimediaWhat are some popular graphics and multimedia software products?

Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

Desktop Publishing (Professional)

Paint/Image Editing (Professional)

Video and Audio Editing

Multimedia Authoring

Web Page Authoring

XPAplikasi Grafis dan MultimediaWhat is computer‐aided design (CAD)?• A sophisticated

type of application software that assists a professional user in creating engineering, architectural, and scientific designs

p. 3.22 Fig. 3-27Next

XPAplikasi Grafis dan MultimediaWhat is desktop publishing software (professional)?

• Enables professional designers to design and produce sophisticated documents that contain text, graphics, and brilliant colors

XPAplikasi Grafis dan MultimediaWhat are some features of desktop publishing software?

page layout

the process of arranging text and

graphics in a document on a

page-by-page basis

color library

a standard set of colors used by designers and

printers to ensure that colors will print exactly as specified

XPCompany on the Cutting Edge

Adobe

• Produces award‐winning software used to create and deliver the majority of Web images today

• Products include Photoshop, Illustrator, GoLive, LiveMotion, PageMill, Streamline, and PageMaker

XPAplikasi Grafis dan MultimediaWhat is paint/image editing software (professional)?

• Used to create and modify graphical images

• Sometime called illustration software

• Image editing software provides the capabilities of paint software as well as the capability to modify existing images

XPAplikasi Grafis dan MultimediaWhat is video and audio editing software?

• Video consists of full‐motion images played back at various speeds

Video editing software allows you to modify a segment of a video, called a clipAudio is any music, speech, or other sound stored and produced by the computer Audio editing software allows you to modify audio clips

XPAplikasi Grafis dan MultimediaWhat is multimedia authoring software?• Also called authorware• Allows you to combine

text, graphics, audio, video, and animation into an interactive presentation

• Multimedia presentations often are interactive computer‐based presentations or Web‐based presentations designed to facilitate learning and elicit direct student participation

XPAplikasi Grafis dan MultimediaWhat is Web page authoring software?

• Helps users of all skill levels create fascinating Web pages that include graphical images, video, audio, animation, and other special effects

XPAplikasi untuk Home, Personal & Edukasi

What software products are available for home, personal, and educational use?

Integrated SoftwarePersonal Finance

Legal

Tax Preparation

Desktop Publishing

Paint/Image Editing

Clip Art/Image Gallery

Home Design/Landscaping

Reference

XP

Less expensive

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiWhat is integrated software?• Software that combines applications such as word processing, spreadsheet, and database into a single, easy‐to‐use package

Applications use a similar interface

and share common features

Applications typically do not have all the

capabilities of stand-alone productivity

software applications

Each application is available only through the integrated software

package


What is personal finance software?• A simplified accounting program

Helps home users and small office/home office users balance their checkbook, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, track investments, and evaluate financial plansOnline banking allows you to transfer money electronically from your checking or credit card accounts to payees’accounts


What is legal software?• Assists in the preparation of legal documents

• Provides legal advice to individuals, families, and small businesses


What is tax preparation software?• Guides individuals,

families, or small businesses through the process of filing federal taxes

• Some allow you to file your tax forms electronically


What is desktop publishing software (personal)?• Easy‐to‐

understand DTP software designed for smaller‐scale desktop publishing projects

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Allows you to draw or modify pictures, shapes, and other imagesPhoto-editing software allows you to edit digital photographs by removing red-eye, adding special effects, or creating electronic photo albumsOnline print services will send high-resolution printed images through the postal service

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiWhat is paint/image editing software (personal)?

• An easy‐to‐use interface, frequently containing simple draw or editing features.

XPAplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiWhat is clip art/image gallery software?• A collection of clip art and photographs

Some have links to clips available on the WebMay provide fonts, animations, sounds, video clips,and audio clips

XPSoftware for Home, Personal, and Educational Use

What is home design/landscaping software?

• Assists with the design or remodeling of a home, deck, or landscape

Many will print a material list outlining costs and quantities for the entire project

p. 3.31 Fig. 3-39Next

XPAplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiWhat is educational software?• Software that teaches a

particular skill• Computer‐based

training (CBT) is a type of education in which students learn by using and completing exercises with instructional software– Also called computer‐

aided instruction

XPAplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiWhat is reference software?

• Provides valuable and thorough information for all individuals

Includes encyclopedias, dictionaries, health/medical guides, and travel directories

XPAplikasi untuk Home, Personal & EdukasiWhat is entertainment software?• Interactive games

• Videos

• Programs designed to support a hobby or provide amusement and enjoyment

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E-mail

or electronic mail

Transmission of messages via a computer network

such as a local area network or the Internet

E-mail software lets you create, send, receive,

forward, store, print, and delete e-mail messages

Web browser

or browser

Allows you to access and view

Web pages on the Internet

Chat room

Permits users to chat with each other via the

computer

Some support voice chats and video chats

Newsgroup

Also called a discussion

Online area on the Web where users conduct written discussions

about a particular subject

You use a software program called a newsreader to participate in a

newsgroup

Instant messaging (IM)

Real-time communications services that notifies you when one or more people

are online

Allows you to exchange messages or files with

them or join a private chat room

Groupware

A software application that helps groups of

people work together and share information over a

network

Videoconference

A meeting between two or more geographically separated people who use a network or the Internet to transmit audio and video data

Home users can make a video telephone call where both parties

see each other as they talk

Aplikasi untuk Home, Personal & Edukasi

What software facilitates communication?• E‐mail

Web browsers

Chat rooms

Newsgroups

Instant messaging

Groupware

Videoconferencing

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Some Web applications store your data and information at their siteTo access a Web application, visit the Web site that offers the programSome are free

Aplikasi di WebWhat is a Web application?• A software application that exists on a Web site

XPAplikasi di Web

How do some companies charge for a Web application?

• Some sites allow you to use the program for free

• Ask you to pay a fee when a certain action occurs

XPAplikasi di WebHow do other companies charge?• Some companies charge only for service and support

Sun Microsystems provides an integrated suite on the WebA variety of payment schemes exist for sites that charge for use of a program

XPAplikasi di WebWhat is Web‐based training (WBT)?• Typically consists of self‐directed, self‐paced instruction on a

topicDistance learning (DL) is the delivery of education at one location while the learning takes place at other locations• Also called

distance education (DE) or online learning

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• Third party organization that manages and distributes software and services on the Web

• Allows companies to outsource information technology (IT) needs

Aplikasi di WebWhat is an application service provider (ASP)?

XPAplikasi di WebWhat is a CLOUD ?

XPAplikasi di WebWhat is the Type of CLOUD ?

XPLearning Aids and Support Tools Within an Application

What is Online Help?• Electronic equivalent of a user

manual

• Usually integrated into an application software package

• Often Help is context‐sensitive

– The Help information relates to the current task being attempted

XPAlat bantu mempelajari Aplikasi

What is an FAQs page?• Frequently Asked Questions

Often available on a Web site that provides updates and more comprehensive resources to answer your software questions


What is a wizard?

• An automated assistant that helps you complete a task

Asks you questions and then automatically performs actions based on your answers


How can I learn more about a software package?

• Many books are available to help you learn to use software

• These books are available in bookstores and software stores

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RINGKASAN

• Computer programs: sequences of instructions for the computer

• Systems software: coordinates the activities of hardware and programs

• Applications software: helps users solve particular problems

• Operating system (OS): set of computer programs that controls the computer hardware and acts as an interface with application programs

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RINGKASAN (Lanjutan)• Graphical user interface (GUI): user interface that uses icons and menus displayed on screen to send commands to the computer system

• Time‐sharing: allows more than one person to use a computer system at the same time

• Proprietary software: one‐of‐a‐kind program for a specific application, usually developed and owned by a single company

• Off‐the‐shelf software: existing software program that is purchased

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RINGKASAN (Lanjutan)• Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software: manages a company’s vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization

• Programming languages: allow humans to communicate instructions to be executed by a computer

• Most software products are protected by law using copyright or licensing provisions

• Open‐source software is freely available to anyone in a form that can be easily modified

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