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MOHD ‘ARIFF BIN ABDUL JALIL
1
LECTURE 1MAJOR THREATS IN AVIATION
SEM November 2011
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY –
AVS 2104-
INTRODUCTION
Do you know what is this subject is all about?
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY?
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
INTRODUCTION
Aviation industries are recognized as the safest public transportation in the world.
However, this industries always expose to threats and harms.
Threats can be defined as an indication or warning of probable trouble.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
INTRODUCTION
The origin of threat can be divided into three categories as
shown in the diagram.
What are they actually?
What are the major differences between
these three?
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
INTRODUCTION
Major Threat in Aviation
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
TERRORIST: THINK OUT BOX
Threat can best described as situation or activity
that could cause harm or danger to people. In 10
minutes, describe:
1)Terrorist ?2)What they do?3)Where are the places they are
attracted to? Give example.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
DEFINITION
Terrorist is a person or group that use VIOLENCE
and usually for the POLITICAL PURPOSE or view and for their own
INTEREST AND BENEFIT.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Terrorist
Due to their own interest, usually terrorist involve in:
Hijacking Bombing
They are interested and attracted to a place with high number of people or highly concentrated places.
Example: Airport, Tourist attraction, Shopping Mall and etc.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
HIJACKING DEFINITION
FROM THIS PICTURE, WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND ABOUT HIJACKING? CAN YOU
PUT IT IN YOUR OWN WORD?
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
HIJACKING
Definition:a) A process or an action of taking over
anything such as airport, aircraft or car in an illegal way or by mean of force.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Hijack is a nightmare in the world of aviation.
The first recorded aircraft hijack was in Arequipa, Peru, on February 21, 1931.
Ever since that incident, the number of aircraft being hijacked increase.
HIJACKINGAVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
HIJACKING
The most notable incident was the tragedy of September 11, 2001.
Ever since that, hijacking has been the biggest threats in Aviation World. Due to this reason, aviation world really tighten their safety just to avoid the same incident happen again.
It is simply because aviation industry always deal with human life.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Dealing with hijackings
1. Sit quietly in order to increase their chances of survival.
2. They were also trained not to make any 'heroic' moves that could endanger themselves or other people.
3. The FAA realized that the longer a hijacking persisted, the more likely it would end peacefully with the hijackers reaching their goal.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
What will you do in this situation?AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
History of hijacking in Aviation The interesting hijacking incident in
history to be known are: December 4, 1977: Suspected lone member of
Japanese Red Army hijacked Malaysia Airlines Flight 653. The Boeing 737 then crashed, killing all on board after he shot both pilots and himself. 100 people died.
List of aircraft hijacking in history: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_aircraft_hija
ckings
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
BOMBING THREATS
A bomb threat is generally defined as a verbal threat to detonate an explosive or incendiary device, to cause property damage or injuries, whether or not such a device actually exists.
Bomb threat includes the threatened use, release or placement of other harmful agents such as poisons, biological pathogens, radioactive materials, or even a dangerous weapon.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
BOMBING THREATS
Many bomb threats that are not pranks are made as parts
of other crimes, such as extortion, hijacking or robbery.
Figure: Bombing Incident at Glasgow Airport
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
BOMB THREATS ACTION
When A Bomb Threat Is Called In, Perform the
Following Actions :
Remain calm If telephonic
a) attempt to keep the caller on the line as long as possible.
b) Ask him/her to repeat the message. c) Record every word spoken by the
person.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
BOMB THREATS ACTION
Ask for the exact location where the bomb has been or is going to be planted.
Get as much information as possible about the caller:a) vocal characteristicb) sexc) group affiliationd) why the bomb was placed
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
BOMB THREATS ACTION
Find clues from background noises, which might indicate caller's identification and location.
Immediately after the caller hangs up, report the threat to the Police.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Time to think out of box
Click to this link:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WxbCFTbOikc&feature=results_main&playnext=1&list=PL9064D21B91CC6DF7
And think….If this thing happen inside airport which has
more than 1000 people inside it.
Imagine, what will happen inside airport then?
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Terrorist VS Criminal
What is the differences between terrorist and criminal?
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Criminal
Criminal can be defined as someone who commit illegal activities and not necessarily abuse others or make violence.
In other words, crime is about breaking laws either it will cause harm to other people or not.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Example of crime
Smuggling; (Undeclared cash, drugs or people)
False Identity Fraud Dangerous weapon duty avoidance on goods organized theft money laundering, Counterfeit (made to look like the
original of something, usually for dishonest or illegal purposes) goods and tobacco smuggling
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Hostile Nation-State
Two or more unfriendly countries which have different thought and oppose each other.
Example: U.S.A – Iran South Korea – North Korea India – Pakistan Palestine – Israel
Sometimes, this different thought might end up with WAR.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Discussion
General Discussion.In your opinion how criminal and hostile nation state can affect aviation industry?
Individual Task Explain the effects of hijacking towards
aviation industry. (Question Bank: 8 marks)
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Discussion & Analysis:Effects & Impacts of Hijacking to Aviation Whenever we talk about impact or effect of
something, we might look from: Positive perspective Negative perspective
Common mistakes people do is only think about negative effect without realizing there is some positive effect upon any accident happened.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Hijacking:Positive Effects to Aviation Industry. Improvement on airport security systems.
Technology in aviation improved greatly especially since the incident of 11 September 2001.
Tighten procedures have been introduced, and lots of new and modern machines were introduced to stop people from bringing any dangerous material inside aircraft which might cause harm to others. Examples: Metal Detector PI System (In chapter 6) X-ray machines (In chapter 6) Line of Defenses in airport security (Chapter 4)
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Improvement on airport security systems http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpi2t3xpUK8 Link above show that how poor aviation security
system at that time.
Can you imagine if people smuggle dangerous weapon or bomb and we don’t have any modern equipment or machines, can we detect dangerous items inside the bag?
Remember! Fail to early detect this dangerous weapon might end up with bad incident such as hijacking and bombing.
Hijacking:Positive Effects to Aviation Industry.AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Improvement on airport security systems
Hijacking:Positive Effects to Aviation Industry.
Examples of modern machines use for luggage and passenger screening
in airport.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Increase level of awareness This statement in applicable for both
passengers and aviation workers.
It is believed previously, passengers might not really care and aware about their surrounding even if they see something suspicious.
Since the tragic hijacking incident, aviation workers become more alert especially in controlling the movement of passenger inside airport. If they saw something suspicious they’ll immediately take action.
Hijacking:Positive Effects to Aviation Industry.AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Increase level of awareness http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7P9EEB9M
r18 Even though the link above is just a drama,
but in reality, nowadays this is the thing that will be happened.
Even though the guy doesn’t bring a real gun but the policemen still chase and arrest him because of his suspicious act.
And today, this is how the systems work.
Hijacking:Positive Effects to Aviation Industry.
Prevention is better than cure!!
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Less passenger will use airlines. Almost 3000 people were killed in the 11/9/ 2001
tragic incident in United States of America.
Based on this figure, passengers might be afraid and become trauma to use aircraft to travel.
If the number of people who use airlines to travel using aircraft keep decreasing, this will be massive loss in profit and affect aviation economy.
Thus the only solution is convincing the passengers the technology used now is good and guarantee their safety.
Hijacking:Negative Effects to Aviation Industry.AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Bad corporate image Passenger might think that the airport or
airlines did not do a very good job in ensuring passengers’ safety.
People keep thinking how hijacking or any criminal acts can happened if we have sufficient workmen and machines? They will just keep arguing about this.
At the end, they will just think that airport or airline management can’t be trusted anymore.
Hijacking:Negative Effects to Aviation Industry.AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
There are lots of effects if hijacking or any terrorism acts happen to aviation industry.
Given below is the link where you can identify the effects of 11/9/2001. http://nymag.com/news/articles/wtc/1year/numb
ers.htm
Do read this link as it will open your eyes and mind!
Hijacking:Negative Effects to Aviation Industry.
If you read more articles, you will see there are many effects and impacts of major threats or potential threats to
aviation industry and global.
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104
Q & ASESSION
AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY : AVS 2104