Moh-zi's Theory of Government

7/31/2019 Moh-zi's Theory of Government

1/11

Ei tjb aiiams og Hjeibsb pjemosopjy- Koj+ze was tjb gerst to javb oggbrb`

a rolust tjbory og covbrikbit) As rba`brs wemm sbb ei tjes `ohukbit- et

hoitaeis tjb gommoweic hokpoibits) *1% Riegy amm hoihbpts og recjt ly

way og maw) *


2/11

Setjei a gakemy- gatjbrs ai` sois as wbmm as bm`br ai` youicbrlrotjbrs woum` èsmefb ai` hokpmaei acaeist bahj otjbr-

rbi`breic tjbk èvesevb ratjbr tjai uietb`) ^bopmb ei tjbworm` woum` jurt oib aiotjbr wetj watbr ai` gerb as wbmm aspoesoious kbèheibs) Io oib woum` jbmp aiotjbr bvbi wjbi

jb ja` strbictj to sparb) Bvbryoib woum` mbt jes katbreamrbsourhbs rot ratjbr tjai sjarb tjbk wetj otjbrs) Io oib

woum` tbahj aiotjbr lbttbr ways og òeic tjeics) Ei sjort- tjbworm` og kai was tjbi as hjaoteh as tjat og aiekams) *

Ele`) Hjaptbr 11%

Gor tjes rbasoi- et was `bbkb` `bseralmb to uiegy amm hoihbpts

og recjt ei tjb worm`) Pjes es wjy sokb wortjy eièveùam wassbmbhtb` to lbhokb tjb Xoi og Jbavbi *or bkpbror%) *Ele`) Hjaptbr 18%

Jowbvbr- sae` Koj+ze- ùb to tjb gaht tjat tjb tbrretory to

lb covbrib` was gar ai` we`b- ai` cevbi tjb èvbrsety og pbopmbtjat wbrb ei et- et was iot posselmb gor tjb bkpbror to fiow ai`ò bvbrytjeic amm ly jeksbmg) Pjus- wjbi tjb Xoi og Jbavbi*bkpbror% rbamezb` tjat jes fiowmb`cb ai` alemety es iot

a`bquatb to covbri tjb worm`- jb ja` to sbmbht sokb mbsswortjy eièveùams ai` appoeitb` tjrbb og tjbk to lb

keiestbrs) Sjbi tjbsb keiestbrs too ja` hokb to rbamezb tjattjber fiowmb`cb ai` alemety wbrb amso iot suggehebit gor tjb dol-

tjby ève`b` tjb worm` eito tbrretorebs to lb covbrib` ly gbuàmmor`s) Lut wjbi tjb gbuàm mor`s ja` amso hokb to rbamezb tjattjber fiowmb`cb ai` alemety wbrb eia`bquatb to rumb ovbr tjber

tbrretorebs- tjby amso appoeitb` otjbr eièveùams to sbrvb asoggeheams) Ai` wjbi tjbsb oggeheams too ja` goui` tjbksbmvbs to

lb eia`bquatb- tjby amso ja` to appoeit otjbr eièveùams asjba`s og vemmacbs ai` gakemy hmais)*


3/11

Ele`)%

As Koj+ze was amso bacbr to poeit out- tjb alovb sbmbhteoi

prohbss was iot karrb` ly gavoretesk og aiy fei`) Gor tjberjoioreic ai` bmbvateic tjb wortjy ai` bkpmoy tjb hapalmb-tjb aihebit sacb+feics è` iot gavor tjber gatjbrs ai` lrotjbrs-

ai` wbrb iot prbgbrbiteam towar` tjosb wjo wbrb iolmb ai`wbamtjy) Pjby è` iot dust bmbvatb tjb wortjy ai` cavb tjbk

wbamtj ai` jecj poseteoi) Pjby amso èskessb` ai` laiesjb`tjb uiwortjy- hauseic tjbk to lb poor ai` jukemeatb`)Et was

tjber so òeic tjat hausb` pbopmb to vamub rbwar` ai` gbarpuiesjkbit) As a rbsumt- kaiy javb lbhokb wortjy- ai` gbw

uiwortjy)*

Ele`)

Hjaptbr 5%

Pjus- ahhor eic to Koj+ze- aiotjbr rbquerbkbit towar`kaeitaeieic pbahb- or`br- ai` stalemety ei tjb worm` es to rbhruetai` bmbvatb tjb wortjy *%) As to jow jb fibw tjat tjes es so-

Koj+zes aiswbr es tjat wjbi tjb joioralmb ai` wesb rui tjbcovbrikbit- tjosb wjo arb eciorait ai` uiwortjy woum`

lbhokb or`brmy) Lut wjbi tjb eciorait ai` uiwortjy rui tjbcovbrikbit- tjosb wjo arb joioralmb ai` wesb woum` lbhokb

rblbmmeous)Pjes es wjy bmbvateic tjb wortjyjas cot to lb tjbgouiàteoi og covbrikbit) *

Ele`)% As to wjat bxahtmy es tjb way og tjb wortjy-

jes aiswbr es tjat tjb stroic akoic tjbk arb `btbrkeib` tojbmp otjbrs- tjb wbamtjy akoic tjbk arb cma` to sjarb wetjotjbrs- tjb wesb akoic tjbk arb bacbr to a`vesb ai` tbahj

otjbrs) Ei tjes way- tjosb wjo arb juicry wemm gei` goo`- tjosbwjo arb hom` wemm lb hmotjb`- ai` tjosb wjo arb rblbmmeous wemm

lb loucjt ui`br hoitrom) Sjbi tjat jappbis- bvbryoib woum`lb almb to mevb ei pbahb ai` sbhurety)*

Ele`) Hjaptbr

1>%


4/11

Aiotjbr tjeic to iotb- sae` Koj+ze- es tjat et es oimy lyputteic tjb wortjy ai` hapalmb eito poseteois og autjorety tjat

tjb bkpbror was almb to covbri bggbhtevbmy) Sjbi tjbrb arbkaiy to jbmp oib jbar ai` sbb- oib es loui` to jbar ai` sbbgar) Sjbi tjbrb arb kaiy to jbmp oib spbaf- tjb soui`s og

oibs vertubs wemm herhumatb we`b) Sjbi tjbrb arb kaiy to jbmpoib `bmelbratb- `eshusseoi ai` pmaiieic wemm lbhokb bggehebit)

Ai` wjbi tjbrb arb kaiy to jbmp oib aht- tjeics wemm amso lbahhokpmesjb` quehfmy)*

Ele`) Hjaptbr 1


5/11

supbreor èsapprovbs) Sjbi sulorèiatbs arb vertuous- tjber

coo` `bb`s sjoum` lb ka`b fiowi6 lut wjbi tjb supbreor eskestafbi- sulorèiatbs sjoum` rbkoistratb wetj jek) Pjosb

wjo rbport to ai` acrbb wetj tjber supbreor ratjbr tjai tjbersulorèiatbs wemm lb rbwar`b` ly tjber supbreor ai` praesb` lytjb pbopmb- wjbrbas tjosb wjo gaemb` to ò so sjoum` lb

puiesjb` ly tjber supbreor ai` èsparacb` ly tjb pbopmb)*

Ele`) Hjaptbr 1


6/11

Gurtjbr- ahhorèic to Koj+ze- tjes pomehy og hoigorkeicwetj tjb supbreor es ei`bb` bssbiteam to tjb gouiàteoi ogor`brmy covbrikbit*Ele`)%Eg amm wbrb to

alaiòi tjber uifei` wor`s ai` mbari jow to spbaf ai` ahtas vertuousmy as tjb Xoi og Jbavbi- jow houm` tjb worm`lbhokb èsor`brmy?* Ele`- Hjaptbr 11% Pjat es to say- wjbiamm tjb pbopmb ei tjb worm` woum` bkumatb wjat tjb Xoi og

Jbavbi says ai` òbs- wjo hai stemm say tjat tjb worm` es iotcovbrialmb? * Ele`-

Hjaptbr 1


7/11

ibcmbhtb` wjat was lbibgeheam- tjosb lbmow woum` lb almb to

oggbr jbmp6 ai` wjbi tjosb lbmow ja` suggbrb` uigaeribss ai`jark- tjosb alovb woum` lb almb to put tjeics recjt)*

Ele`) %Gurtjbrkorb- sae` Koj+ze- et es iot èggehumt to èsteicuesj

lbtwbbi tjosb wjo arb vertuous ai` tjosb tjat arb iot betjbr)Sathj tjber `bb`s) Eg tjby gommow tjb Semm og Jbavbi- hamm tjbkvertuous) Otjbrwesb- hamm tjbk wehfb`) Sathj wjat tjby say) Eg

tjby gommow tjb Semm og Jbavbi- hamm tjbk vertuous ei wor`s)Otjbrwesb- hamm tjbk wehfb` ai` vbrlammy huiieic) Sathj jow

tjby puiesj) Eg et es ei ahhoràihb wetj tjb Semm og Jbavbi- hammtjber puiesjkbits vertuous) Otjbrwesb- hamm tjbk wehfb`) *

Ele`) Hjaptbr


8/11

Hokkbit4 Xo- ahhorèic to Koj+zes tjbory og covbrikbit- gor sohebty to

gei` pbahb ai` jarkoiy- tjb pbopmb kust gerst sbmbht gor tjbksbmvbs ai

bkpbror) Pjes es tjb gerst rbquerbkbit) Agtbr tjat- tjb bkpbror kust amso

appoeit tjosb wjo arb wortjy ai` hapalmb to sbrvb as gbuàm mor`s ai`covbrikbit oggeheams) Pjer`my- a hruheam pomehy fiowi as hoigorkeic

wetj tjb supbreor *% jas amso cot to lb ekpmbkbitb`) Ets purposb

es to uiegy amm hoihbpts og recjt so as to lreic alout e`bomoceham

uiegehateoi) Ahhorèic to tjes pomehy- bvbryoib wemm sbbf to acrbb wetj jes

supbreor- ai` wemm amso lb rbquerb` to rbport oi tjb vertuous as wbmm as tjb

wehfb ) Pjes sbhoi` hokpoibit- eg E kay say so- es taitakouit to a fei`

og grbb prbss rbquerb` ly maw) Pjosb wjo arb èmecbit ei tjes rbcar` wemm

lb rbwar`b`- wjbrbas tjosb wjo arb smahf wemm lb puiesjb`)

As rba`brs hai sbb- wjat Koj+ze ja` ei kei` was lasehammya top+òwi a`keiestratevb systbk) As jb put et4 tjb luseibss ogcovbrikbit es amways èrbhtb` grok alovb- ibvbr grok lbmow)

*Ele`) Hjaptbr


9/11

tjat et es Jbavbi tjat rbhtegebs tjb Xoi og Jbavbi) Pjby oimy

ui`brstai` tjat et es tjb Xoi og Jbavbi tjat rbhtegebs tjbworm`)*Ele`

) Hjaptbr


10/11

Ele`)% Et es amso to lb ui`brstoo` tjat rbwar`s ai`puiesjkbits grok cjosts ai` speretuam lbeics arb kbait gorstatbs as wbmm as tjber pbopmb) Et es Jbavbis way og bisureic

tjat amm statbs woum` lb covbrib` gor tjb lbibget og tjb pbopmb)*Ele`) Hjaptbr 81%Eg tjat wbrb iot so- et es èggehumt to

ui`brstai` wjy horrupt oggeheams- prokeshuous pbrsois-tjebvbs- reotbrs- rollbrs- arsoiests- femmbrs- ai` tjb mefb javb amm

rui eito cjosts ai` speretuam lbeics)*

Ele`)%

Mast lut iot mbast- as Koj+ze gurtjbr prohmaekb`- mbt et lbfiowi tjat bvbi tjoucj tjbrb arb `bbp corcbs ai` `bisbgorbsts wjbrb iolo`y woum` co- bvbryoib kust ui`brstai`tjat tjbrb arb stemm cjosts ai` speretuam lbeics wathjeic)Et es

amso to lb iotb` tjatpuiesjkbit grok cjosts ai` speretuamlbeics arb eiveihelmb acaeist tjb wbamtjy- tjb joiorb`- tjb

kaiy- tjb stroic- eihmuèic houracbous warreors ai` tjberarkors) *

Ele`)%Pjat- E lbmebvb- was jes way og warieic tjosb wjo kecjtlb tbkptb` to tjeif tjat et kay stemm lb posselmb gor tjbk to cbtaway wetj kur`br- so to spbaf)

Hokkbit4 As to jow tjb worm es to lb covbrib` tjbrbgorb- Koj+zes

kbssacb es hmbarmy tjes) Riegy amm hoihbpts og recjt ly way og maw) \bhruet

tjb wortjy eito covbrikbit) @bkai` rbports grok lbmow so as to fbbp

trahf og wjat es rbammy coeic oi akoicst tjb pbopmb) \bwar` tjb vertuousai` puiesj tjb wehfb`) @o iot wastb rbsourhbs ai` `bstroy mevbs ly

kafeic war) Xuhj es tjb Semm og Jbavbi ai` tjb Say og sacb+feics) Oimy

tjosb wjo gommow ei tjber gootstbps arb bitetmb` to rumb wetj Jbavbis

hoisbit) Pjby wemm lb rbwar`b` wetj coo` iakb ai` gortuib) Jowbvbr-

tjosb wjo ò iot sjoum` prbparb tjbksbmvbs gor tjb rbtrelutevb wratj og

Jbavbi tjat es to hokb) Mast lut iot mbast- mbt et amso lb fiowi *ly way og

rbmeceoi pbrjaps% tjat Jbavbis wathjgumibss ovbr jukai aggaers ly way

og cjosts ai` speretuam lbeics es lotj hokprbjbisevb ai` hoistait ++ oi

tjosb wjo arb bitrustb` wetj tjb powbr to covbri ei partehumar)


11/11

Xo- tjat es wjat E kbai ly tjb rbmeceous jukaiesk og Koj+ze) Et hoisests og tjrbb eitbrrbmatb` hokpoibits) Btjehammy- et es

croui`b` oi jes kbtjo` og kutuam movb ai` lbibget)Kbtapjysehammy- et es ui`br+cer`b` ly tjb Semm og Jbavbi ai` etsrbtrelutevb dustehb ly way og cjost ai` speretuam lbeics)A`keiestratevbmy- et es to lb bigorhb` ly way og recjtbous mawsai` bimecjtbib` autjoretareai rumb) Ai` et es oi croui` ogrbmeceous lbmebgs tjat wbrb tjbi popumar tjat Koj+ze ja` treb` tojet jokb tjb e`ba tjat jes kbtjo` og kutuam movb ai` lbibgetsjoum` ei`bb` lb aòptb` ly amm ++ ei amm pmahbs ai` at amm tekbs)Ekpmehet ei tjes tjbory- attbiteoi sjoum` iow lb hammb`- es iotoimy tjb e`ba og tjb èveib recjt og feics as fiowi ei tjbhmasseham Sbst- lut tjber èveib rbspoiselemety as wbmm) As suhj-et houm` amso lb sae` tjat tjb e`ba og covbrikbit gor tjb pbopmbes amso ekpmehet tjbrbei)

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^btbr K)F) Hjai es tjb autjor ogPjb Kystbry og Kei`*pulmesjb`

>8%- ai`Xoum- Co`- ai` Koramety *pulmesjb` >0%) \bhbitmy- jb

jas amso hokpbtb` aiy worf tetmb` Pjb Xex âtrearhjs og HjeibsbJukaiesk *hopyrecjtb` ai` avaemalmb ei bloofs- lut iot ybt ei

preit%) Gor `btaems rbcarèic tjb alovb- pmbasb veset

jttp4//setbs)coocmb)hok/setb/pkfhjai/jokb

jttp4//setbs)coocmb)hok/setb/ patrearhjsoghjeibsbpjemosopjy/jokb

jttp4//www)mumu)hok/spotmecjt/pbtbrkfhjai

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Moh-zi's Theory of Government