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60-16616780.9
'780.9
P917
60 If;
I-
I*
Pratt* The history of music
ublio ' kansas city tffil P Rfl " city,kansas
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Books
will
be issued onlycard. of library
on presentationPlease report
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and
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THE ORGAN AT HAARLEM.
THE
HISTORY OF MUSICA HANDBOOK AND GUIDE FOR STUDENTS
BY
WALDO SELDEN PRATTPROFESSOR OF MUSIC AND HYMNQLOGY IN HARTFORD THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY LECTURER ON MUSIC HISTORY AT THE INSTITUTE OF MUSICAL ART AUTHOR OF "MUSICAL MINISTRIES IN THE CHURCH"
NEW YORKG.
SCHIRMER,
3
EAST 43D STREET
COPYRIGHT,G.
1907,
BY
SCHIRMER
PREFATORY NOTETHEpresent bookis
the outgrowth of a fragmentary syllabusin 1897.It is
for classes that
was issued
meant
to
be distinctly
a book of reference for students rather than a literary or criti cal survey of a few salient aspects of the subject, or a specialist's report of original research. Aiming at a certain degree of it brings together facts and conclusions encyclopaedic fullness, from a great variety of sources. Much labor has been expended
grouping the material in such a way as to give a systematic In many cases some impression of the enormous field in view. what full lists and summaries of details are given, partly toin
provide means for easy reference, partly to suggest how multi farious are the facts, and sometimes to indicate upon what sortof data are based the general statements that are offered. At an effort is made to emphasize the leading tenden every point
movements of musical advance, referring to particular and composers as illustrations. styles It was originally intended to include fairly exhaustive bib liographies, and a great amount of material was collected butcies or;
the magnitude of this branch of the subject precluded its In connection with each period presentation in this volume.in the history, however, a brief statement is made concerning the musical literature of the time, but without any attempt at
completeness. This is not in any sense a history of instruments, but some hints are given of the range and interest of the topic, both by
The
statements in the text and by illustrations of selected specimens. latter are drawn from the well-known collections of the
Museum in New York and of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, to the custodians of which the hearti est thanks are due for multiplied courtesies.Metropolitan7
6
01 661 G
8
PREFATORY NOTE
In arranging the material for presentation, specially helpful suggestions have been derived from Prosniz' "Compendium der
and Riemann's "Geschichte der Musik seit Musikgeschichte Beethoven/' For the statistical facts recourse has been had to a variety of authorities, chief of which is the colossal " QuellenLexikon der Musiker"
"
of Eitner.is
Every acknowledgment
also
made
of the liberality of the
publishers in making the book rich and attractive, and for the invaluable assistance of the several advisers whose criticisms
have been helpful in bringing the text into its final shape. In a work of this character the number of names and datesnecessarily great, and, in spite of
is
be avoided.received.
The
every effort, errors can hardly indication of such errors will be gratefully
For the help of students and classes, a small manual, Class Notes in Music History" (32 pp.), is issued by the publishers of this work, giving condensed summaries of important topics from about 1500, with, numerous references to standard general treatises andbiographies.
"
CONTENTSINTRODUCTIONPAGE
THE HISTORY OF Music
IN
GENERAL
17
PARTCHAPTERI.
I.
UNCIVILIZED AND ANCIENT MUSIC25
PRIMITIVE OR SAVAGE MusicSEMI-CIVILIZED Music
II.
32
III.
GREEK AND ROMAN Music
-56377 93
PARTIV,
II.
MEDIAEVAL MUSIC
V.VI.
THE RISE OF CHRISTIAN Music POLYPHONY AND SECULAR SONG THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY
PARTVII.VIII.
III.
THE VENETIAN
THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY AND ROMAN SCHOOLS .... .
.
in147
IX.
CHURCH Music IN NORTHERN AND WESTERN EUROPE SECULAR Music. INSTRUMENTS. THEORY..
.
.128.
.
PARTX.XI.XII.XIII.
IV.
THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY165
XIV.
THE EARLY MUSICAL DRAMA THE EXPANSION OF DRAMATIC Music PROGRESS IN CHURCH Music THE ORGAN STYLE THE VIOLIN. MUSICAL LITERATURE
180
194
214229
PARTXV.XVI.
V.
THE EARLY EIGHTEENTH CENTURY249
CHURCH Music IN BACH^ TIME THE CULMINATION OF THE EARLY9
ITALIAN OPERA
.
.
273
IOCHAPTER
CONTENTSfrAGB
XVII.XVIII.
INSTRUMENTS AND INSTRUMENTALISTS
.
.
.
-297.
FORMS OF COMPOSITION.VI.
THEORY.
LITERATURE
.
315
PARTXIX.
THE LATER EIGHTEENTH CENTURYTHE SONATA AND THE ORCHESTRA..
HAYDN.
.
.335355
XX.XXI.XXII.XXIII.
GLUCK AND THE DRAMATIC REFORM
.
.
MOZART AND THE EXALTATION OF MELODY
.
.
.371.
THE
RISE OF PIANISM.
SACRED Music
.
.
.
385
THEORETICAL AND LITERARY PROGRESS
.
.
.
.400
PARTXXIV.
VII.
THE EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY
THE ADVENT OF BEETHOVEN XXV. THE ROMANTIC OPERA AND THE SONGITALIAN AND FRENCH OPERA
....
.411424438
XXVI.XXVII.XXVIII.
INSTRUMENTAL VIRTUOSITY
457
CHURCH AND ORGAN Music
479 490
XXIX.
GROWTH OF MUSICAL LITERATURE
PART
VIII.
THE MIDDLE NINETEENTH CENTURY501.
XXX. SCHUMANN AND ROMANTICBSMXXXI.XXXII.XXXIII.
MENDELSSOHN AND THE UJJPSIC CIRCLE
5^55 29
NEW
LIGHTS UPON PIANISM
XXXIV.
THE OPERA ASIDE FROM WAGNER WAGNER AND THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE OPERASYMPHONISTS AND INSTRUMENTALISTS
.....
546562
XXXV.XXXVI. XXXVII.
5805996r 7
CHORAL Music.
THE SONG. THE ENGLISH SCHOOL MUSICAL EDUCATION AND LITERATURE
CONCLUSIONBRIEF SKETCH OF THE LATER NINETEENTH CENTURY635
INDEX OF SUBJECTS AND PLACES INDEX OF PERSONS
657664
ILLUSTRATIONSThe OrganFIGURE1.
at
Haarlem
FrontispiecePAGE
Alaskan Stone Flute
28 28 28
2. 3.
Arab PanVPipe or SyrinxAfrican Zanzes
4.5.
MiscellaneousAfrican
Drums Marimba
28 28
6.7. 8.
Primitive Harps and Zithers Chinese Pipas or Japanese Biwas
9.
Chinese Moon-Guitar or Yue-kin Chinese Ur-heen or Japanese Kokiu
30 34 34
10.
Japanese Samisen 11. Chinese Temple Gong 12. Chinese Cheng and Japanese Sho 13. Japanese Kotos14.15.1
34 3435
35
6.
17.
18.
Hindu Vina Hindu Sitars Hindu Sarindas Hindu Sarungi Burmese Soung
36 383$ 38
or Sarungis
39 39 4 40 4041 42
Javanese Anklong Burmese or Javanese Gong-Piano 21. Burmese or Siamese Crocodile Harp 22. Chinese and Siamese Ranats19. 20.
23. 24.25.
Arab Kemangehs Arab Kissars or Lyres Arab Kanoon or ZitherPersian Guitar
424243
26. 27. 28.29.
Arab KebabsPersian Santir or DulcimerPersian Guitar or Lute
31.
Persian Antelope Harps Egyptian Shoulder Harp or Buni 32. Egyptian Harp and Harpist 33. Egyptian Harp or Buni30..
44 44 44 4448
484^ii
12
ILLUSTRATIONS
ILLUSTRATIONSFIGURE
13PAGE
Recorders or Flutes Douces and Flutes a Bee 79. Recorders78.
298298;
80. 81.
Flutes and Piccolo
298
Serpent
300308
82.83.
German ClavichordItalian
Harpsichord 84. Clavichord and Harpsichord Actions85. 86.
Cristofori Pianoforte
308 308 310310
Cristofori Pianoforte1
Baryton (large Viola d Amore) 88. Cors Anglais or English Horns'87.