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Definition
Two-dimensional instructional materials consist only of length and width. They are paper based, opaque materials that are commonly found in classrooms.
1. CHALK BOARDSA blackboard or chalkboard is a
reusable writing surface on which text or drawings are made with sticks of calcium sulfate, known, when used for this purpose, as chalk. Chalkboards were originally made of smooth, thin sheets of black or dark grey slate stone. Modern versions are often green or brown and are thus sometimes called a greenboard or brownboard instead.
2.Whiteboards and Magnetic Boards
Whiteboards and magnetic boards (also sometimes called multipurpose boards) are those with glossy surface, commonly white in color, where non-permanent markings are made with the use of special felt pens.
3. Cloth Boards
This is a piece of plywood or heavy cardboard covered with either felt, flannel or carpet. The fuzzy surface of a felt, flannel or carpet allows visual materials with appropriate backing to adhere.
4.Hook and Loop Boards
These boards are used in a similar fashion with cloth boards. Its edge over the cloth boards is that it has enough holding power to cause even heavy materials to stay on board.
5. Pegboards
Pegboards are made of tempered with 1/8-inch apart. These boards are used in displaying three-dimensional objects or heavy materials with the use of hooks.
Bulletin Boards
They are used to introduce or follow up lessons presented. These boards are designed as an instructional device that can carry a message without the presence of a teacher.
1. Drawings and Sketches
Drawings and sketches employ the use of lines, either simple or crude. They may not be the real thing but they may represent persons, places, things, and concepts.
2. Cartoons
Cartoons use symbolism and oftentimes bold exaggeration to present at a glance a message or point concerning news events, people or situations.
3. Strip Drawings
It is a form of cartooning in which a cast of characters enacts a story in a sequence of closely related drawings.
Strip Drawings can be used for motivation or starter for a lesson.
4. Posters
Posters are combination of lines, images, colors and words. They are intended to catch attention and communicate a message quickly. Posters can be used to stimulate interest in a new topic, a special class, or a new event.
5. Charts
Charts are graphic representations of abstract relationships such as chronologies, quantities, and hierarchies.
There are 7 types of charts..1. Organization Charts2. Classification Charts3. Time Lines4. Tabular Charts or Tablets5. Flowcharts or process Charts6. Tree or stream charts7. Gannt Chart
6. Graphs
Graphs show quantitative data. These kinds of graphics make analysis and interpretation of numerical information easier.
There are 5 kinds of graphs.1. Line Graphs2. Bar Graphs3. Pie Graph4. Area or Solid Graphs5. Pictorial Graphs or Pictographs
7. Diagrams
Diagrams are intended to show relationships or to help explain a process, how something works or how something is constructed. A diagram is any line drawing that show arrangement and relations as of parts of whole, relative values, origins and development, chronological fluctuation, distribution, etc,.
6 kinds of Diagrams
1. Cluster or Cloud Diagram2. Chain of events3. Fishbone Mapping4. Cycle5. Compare/Contrast6. Venn Diagram
8. Maps
Maps are representation of the earth’s surface or part of it.
3 kinds of maps.
1. Political Maps2. Physical Maps3. Commercial or Economic Maps
9. Flip Charts
Resembling a small whiteboard, this stationary item is supposed by a four-legged easel or tripod and several sheets of paper are hinged at the upper edge of the chart.
Example:
Pictures and Photographs
The Generic term picture include any kind of opaque representation of visual images which includes drawings, photographs, pictures in books and magazines, or any medium open to the artists interpretation. On the other hand, the term photographs only includes those images that were recorded by a camera and is usually an exact representation of the original.
Post Cards
These are commercially printed with space on one side for address and postage stamp used for sending a short message through mail.
Example:
Flash Cards
These materials are used for drill and activities in teaching certain topics. Flashcards may contain words, phases, sentences, math combinations or pictures.
Example:
REFERENCES
Educational Technology 1 (Module)
http://www.google.com.ph/search?um=1&hl=tl&biw=1366&bih=524&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=chalk+board&btnG=Hanapin&aq=f&aqi=g-s1&aql=&oq=
http://www.google.com.ph/search?um=1&hl=tl&biw=1366&bih=524&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=drawings+and+sketches&btnG=Hanapin&aq=f&aqi=g1&aql=&oq=