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Modeling Engineering Change Management Process in Virtual Collaborative Design Environments Presented by Vildan KOCAR, M.A.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering Supervisor Dr. Ali AKGUNDUZ

Modeling Engineering Change Management Process in Virtual ...users.encs.concordia.ca/~akgunduz/vildan.pdfVirtual Collaborative Design Environments a shared real-time simulated 3D environment

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Page 1: Modeling Engineering Change Management Process in Virtual ...users.encs.concordia.ca/~akgunduz/vildan.pdfVirtual Collaborative Design Environments a shared real-time simulated 3D environment

Modeling Engineering Change Management Process in Virtual

Collaborative Design Environments

Presented by Vildan KOCAR,

M.A.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering

Supervisor Dr. Ali AKGUNDUZ

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OUTLINE

Motivation behind the researchObjective of our researchOverview of ECM process Background and related researchProposed system: ADVICEValidating ADVICE: ExperimentsContributions and future work

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MOTIVATION

Improvement of design process

COST

QUALITY

TIMECustomer DesignMarketing Production

Throw-over-the-wall strategy

EngineSoftware

MarketingHead office

Mechanical parts

Production

EngineSoftware

MarketingHead office

Mechanical parts

Production

Early involvement of geographically dispersed parties in design

VCDE

DESIGN

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Virtual Collaborative Design Environments

a shared real-time simulated 3D environment that facilitates creative collaboration of the design team

extended extended CAD/E CAD/E

functionsfunctions

teletele--communicationcommunication

colla

bora

tion

colla

bora

tion

supp

ort

supp

ort

know

ledg

e kn

owle

dge

man

agem

ent

man

agem

ent

virtual reality virtual reality visualizationvisualization

virtual enterprise virtual enterprise interfaceinterface

extended extended CAD/E CAD/E

functionsfunctions

extended extended CAD/E CAD/E

functionsfunctions

teletele--communicationcommunication

teletele--communicationcommunication

colla

bora

tion

colla

bora

tion

supp

ort

supp

ort

colla

bora

tion

colla

bora

tion

supp

ort

supp

ort

know

ledg

e kn

owle

dge

man

agem

ent

man

agem

ent

know

ledg

e kn

owle

dge

man

agem

ent

man

agem

ent

virtual reality virtual reality visualizationvisualization

virtual enterprise virtual enterprise interfaceinterface

virtual reality virtual reality visualizationvisualizationvirtual reality virtual reality visualizationvisualization

virtual enterprise virtual enterprise interfaceinterfaceVisualize

Manipulate

Discuss

Capture & retrieve

Intelligent Support

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MOTIVATIONSA

LES

TIME

Dev

elop

men

t

Intr

oduc

tion

Gro

wth

Mat

urity

Dec

line

Engineering Changes:Modifications in

formsfitsfunctionsmaterialsdimensions, etc.

ECs are:unavoidabledesirableproblematic

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MOTIVATION

ECs consume 1/3 to 1/2 of the total engineering capacity.

Value-added time in ECM process is only 8.5%.

An EC spends most of its life-time waiting for further processing.

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MOTIVATION

Problems:# of ECs processedvariety of product families # revisionsparametric vs. graphical data interaction with other elements# decision makers background of decision makerschange propagationbatching: determining priority

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OBJECTIVE

Can we expedite and improve ECM process by employing VCDE for presenting information more effectively?

Is it possible to predict effects of changes requested and prioritize change requests based on historical change-data?

Propose a smart ECM system embedded in a distributed VCDE:

1. A shared real-time simulated 3D representation of EC perceived rapidly and accurately by users

2. User support by capturing and retrieving change data for predicting change propagation and ordering change requests

ADVICE

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OBJECTIVE

Problems:# of ECs processedvariety of product families # revisionsparametric vs. graphical data interaction with other elements# decision makers background of decision makerschange propagationbatching: determining priority

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ECM PROCESS

ECR ECNAPPROVAL

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RELATED RESEARCH

Engineering Change Management- surveys and reviews- industrial case studies- tools & solutions (scarce)- change propagation (parameter, DSM, STEP- static & subjective)

Virtual Collaborative Design Environments- immersive vs. non-immersive- conceptual & embodiment (preliminary design)- solutions specific to industries

Data Mining techniques for sequential data- Fundamental and generic algorithms- AprioriAll- MINEPI (Minimal Episodes)

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METHODOLOGY

Establish the database structure (ECM database)

Build a VCDE linked to ECM database assuring synchronisation of parametric and graphical data

Develop a smart methodology to automatically analyze and retrieve change history stored in ECM database for supporting prioritization and change propagation

Propose effective means of presenting this information to the users facilitating comprehension

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ADVICE: System Architecture

CLIENTS

Virtual InterfaceVirtual

Interface

Visual C++Visual C++

Open InventorOpen

Inventor

OLEDB Connection

ECM Functionality

Change Propagation

Agent

Change Propagation

Agent

CAD

ECMECM

MRPERP

Prioritization Agent

Prioritization Agent

Data Mining Mechanism

Data Mining Mechanism

Impact of an EC -> Priority -> time to process

Components to be changed due to

this change

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ADVICE: Database Structure

Supplementary Tables: Already available in data warehouse

Material

Dimensions

Shape

Weight

Density

Color

Max energy

Min temperature

Max load etc.

ECR Phase: Entry through Virtual Interface,

Prioritization table fed by Data Mining Agent

Approval Phase: Entry through Virtual Interface,

Change Propagation table fed by Data Mining Agent

Change next filled by approver

ECN phase: Textual Entry ,Action Plan limited to triggered changes in our sample application

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ADVICE: Virtual InterfaceLinked to the database structure (in-out)360° perspectiveZoom-in/outUse of colors and highlightingMouse and keyboard interaction

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ADVICE: A sample application

Application is used for explaining ADVICE’scharacteristics and working principles

BOM and CAD tables created for 4 different office table assemblies and 43 components

Attributes limited to explicit attributes (Material, Shape, Height, Width, Depth, Radius)

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ADVICE: ECR Phase

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ADVICE: ECR Phase

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ADVICE: Prioritization Agent

Impact: Total amount of work that needs to be re-doneUse EC data history already stored through life-timeFind patterns that are frequent among all modelsHow: AprioriAll algorithm, 5 step approach to find patternsInput : Data sequences <Mi (Cij..Cik) ti>Output: PatternsConvert patterns to priorities by following formulation

[ ]∑=p

ijijP ppCCf )(supp*),(NTr)(

Priority Index of Cij

# of unique events triggered by Cij in

pattern p

Support of pattern

"")( BTHENThCfThIF AijPB <≤

"")( ATHENThCfIF AijP >

"")( CTHENThCfIF BijP ≤

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ADVICE: Prioritization Agent

Apriori property

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ADVICE: Approval Phase

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ADVICE: Change Propagation Agent

Use EC data history already stored through life-timeFind frequent patterns within each modelNon-consecutive changesParallel (concurrent) changes possibleEpisode-based approach How: MINEPI algorithmProbabilities of each 2-size pattern is converted to color codes

(Red Yellow Green)

TS TESts te

(C12 C13) (C23) (C42 C41)

Episode 1te-ts ≤ win

ts΄ te΄Episode 2te΄-ts΄ ≤ win

(C12) (C23) (C41 C43)

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ADVICE: Change Propagation Agent

FOR each episode αk with size kFind mo(αk) = {[ts te] | te-ts≤win}

BEGIN

k=1

supp(αk) ≥min.supp ? EliminateN

Generate Candidate αk+1’s from combinations of αk

k++

Can’t generate ? Y

mo(α)

Y

N

END

mo(α)

- > te΄ - ts ≤ win where te ≤ ts΄- > te - ts΄ ≤ win where te΄ ≤ ts

FOR each episode αk with size kFind mo(αk) = {[ts te] | te-ts≤win}

BEGIN

k=1

supp(αk) ≥min.supp ? EliminateN

Generate Candidate αk+1’s from combinations of αk

k++

Can’t generate ? Y

mo(α)

Y

N

END

mo(α)

- > te΄ - ts ≤ win where te ≤ ts΄- > te - ts΄ ≤ win where te΄ ≤ ts

Page 24: Modeling Engineering Change Management Process in Virtual ...users.encs.concordia.ca/~akgunduz/vildan.pdfVirtual Collaborative Design Environments a shared real-time simulated 3D environment

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ADVICE: Approval Phase

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ADVICE: ECN Phase

Limited to changes to be triggered

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Validation: Experiments

MODEL 0

MODEL 1

MODEL 2

MODEL 3

Synthetic Data4 models 43 componentsPrioritization: 5 experiments with 100 transactionsChange Propagation: 4 experiments with 250 transactions

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Validation: Prioritization

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Validation: Change Propagation

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RESULTS

The experiments demonstrated the capability of Proposed Agents to facilitate two important processes : 1. prioritization 2. change propagation

depend on history (objective)no time required for preparing dependency datano need for update for new assemblies and componentsparameters for mining data can be changed when running

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CONTRIBUTIONS

Novel approach to ECM by incorporating VCDE and Sequential Data mining to improve the process

By proposing ADVICE, we offer:A compact solution combining parametric and graphical data

into a Virtual object in ADVICEA shared environment connecting dispersed usersReal-time manipulation of the shared modelEffective means of presenting change data“Advice” on important decision parametersA superior approach to solutions in literature reducing cycle

time and complexity

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FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS

Inclusion of an industrial partner Integration of interactions with processes,

machinery, fixtures, equipment, etc.ODBC-compliant data containerIncorporation of ECs such as Adding / removing

components Inclusion of other factors for prioritization of ECRsAutomatically calculating cost of making a change

based on triggered changes to provide smart support to users

Page 32: Modeling Engineering Change Management Process in Virtual ...users.encs.concordia.ca/~akgunduz/vildan.pdfVirtual Collaborative Design Environments a shared real-time simulated 3D environment

Modeling Engineering Change Management Process in Virtual Collaborative Design Environments

Thanks for listening…

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