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System Design. Modelica/Dymola a multidomain modelling and simulation environment for fuel cells?. Challenge. easy to use models for several purposes (concept studies, design, optimisation, control design, HIL-Simulation, customer consulting, life cycle cost analysis, ..) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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SystemDesign
Modelica/DymolaModelica/Dymolaa multidomain modelling and a multidomain modelling and
simulation environment for fuel cells?simulation environment for fuel cells?
SystemDesign
SystemDesign
Challenge
easy to use models for several purposes (concept studies, design, optimisation, control design, HIL-Simulation, customer consulting, life cycle cost analysis, ..)
various time scales and granularity of modules scales of dynamic behaviour (balance between details
and speed) hybrid process (continuous and discreet) reuse and exchange of existing models model sharing
SystemDesign
Benefits
better understanding of behaviour and processes (complete analysis capabilities)
faster design and evaluation of new concepts evaluation of critical states and limits multi-domain system integration multi-level simulation (same component – different
views) model exchange and modelling network
SystemDesign
Multidomain Modelling
Multidomain-Model
Specialised Tools
+ Interfaces
Modelling by
Uniform Language
Equations MultiportsBlocks System Dynamics
Excel
Matlab
ACSL
Simulink STELLA
BerkeleyMadonna
Powersim
Vensim
Modelica
VHDL-AMS
SystemDesign
System Dynamics vs. Signal Flow Modelling
Example mass of the incoming
freight car: 60 t mass of the resting freight
car: 30 t velocity: 3 m/s four buffers with spring
and friction (105 mm, 30 kN, 600 kN, 200 kN)
brakes not applied
SystemDesign
System Dynamics
Impuls 1 Impuls 2
Kraft
v10
m1 m2
v1 v2
Delta s
Delta v
F0
D
Delta D
signDelta v
Pufferhub
Pufferkraft
13:51 Mit, 18. Sep 2002
0.00 0.06 0.13 0.19 0.25
Time
1:
1:
1:
2:
2:
2:
0.00
2.00
4.00
1: v1 2: v2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
v Dia (Untitled)
SystemDesign
Signal Flow (Simulink)
0
v20
u(2)/u(1)
v2
3
v10
u(2)/u(1)
v1
vu(1)*u(2)
p20
u(1)*u(2)
p10
XY GraphSignDelta_PH
SignDellta_v
(0.5+0.5*u(1))*(u(2)+(u(3)+u(4)*u(5))*u(6))
Pufferkraft
0.5
Pufferhub
30000
Masse2
60000
Masse1
2
Kraft
30000
F0
s
1
Delta_ss
1
Delta_p
0.5
Delta_D
3.524e6
D
SystemDesign
Physics of Dynamical Systems
area quantity potential
gravitation mass gravitational
hydraulics volume pressure
mechanics
translational momentum velocity
rotational angular moment. angular velocity
thermodynamics entropy temperature
electricity charge electrical
chemistry am. of substance chemical
SystemDesign
dynamic systems
system
states
processes
exchange of
information
energy
momentum,
angular momentum
electric charge
entropy
mass,
amount of substance
SystemDesign
Multiport Modelling
System
equations
states
thermal connection (temperature, heat)
mechanical connection (v, p; , L; p, V)
electrical connection (U, Q)
1/s
SystemDesign
Hierarchical Aggregation
Level of storages
Level of phases
Level of processunits
Structured process model
Storage level library
hierarchicalaggregation
Virtual fuel cell lab
Idee und Schaubild von
R. Hanke, M. Mangold und
K. Sundmacher
Max-Planck-Institut für
Dynamik komplexer
Systeme
Magdeburg
SystemDesign
VHDL-AMS vs. Modelica: resistor
entity Resistor is
port (terminal p, n: electrical)
generic (R: REAL:= 5);
end Resistor;
architecture R1 of Resistor is
quantity vR across iR through p to n;
begin
vR == R*iR;
end R1;
nature electrical is
voltage across
current through;
model Resistor „einfacher Widerstand“
pin p, n;
parameter SI.Resistance R = 5;
protected
SI.Voltage v;
equation
v = p.v – n.v;
p.i + n.i = 0;
v = R*p.i;
end Resistor;
connector pin
SI.Voltage v;
flow SI.Current i;
end pin;
SystemDesign
object orientated modelling language
– hierarchically structured– support effective library development and model
exchange– non causal modelling (differential, algebraic and
discrete equation) for multi domain modelling (hydraulics, mechanics,
electronic, thermodynamics, control engineering, …) open source (www.modelica.org)
SystemDesign
Dymola
SystemDesign
Related Tools
Dymola-Simulink Interface
– A Modelica model can be converted into a S-function block
IDA indoor climate and energy from Equa
– Equa is working towards making IDA Simulation Environment fully Modelica compatible
SystemDesign
Examples
HIL-Simulation of the Hydraulcs and Mechanics of on Automatic Gearbox (BMW)
Modelica Application for Camless Engine Valvetrain Development (Ford)
Modeling und Simulation of Refrigeration Systems with the Natural Refrigerant CO2 (Airbus)
Simulation of Thermal Building Behaviour in Modelica (Uni Kaiserslautern)
Modeling of Hybrid Electric Vehicles in Modelica for Virtual Prototyping (Uni Gothenburg)
The Modelica Flight Dynamics Library (DLR)
SystemDesign
KTI-Projek Nr. 6225.1
Auflaufsimulation von Personen- und Güterzügen Ziel: Modelica-Bibliothek zur Optimierung von Kupp-
lungsvorgängen, Analyse des Schwingungsverhaltens und Beurteilung der Kollisionssicherheit
Umfang:
– KTI-Beitrag: 200‘000.-– Eigenleistung Schwab AG 260‘000.-– Eigenleistung LEC 20‘000.-– Cash Schwab AG 20‘000.-