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20.12.2009 1
Model-Based Systems Engineering
System Modeling, Testing and Simulation with UML/SysML and Modelica
Parham VasaielyDecember 2009
Model-Based Systems Engineering
20.12.2009 2
Table of Contents1. Introduction and Motivation
1.1 The OPENPROD Project1.2 System mdoeling with standardized notations (e.g. UML)1.3 System simulation with Modelica1.4 Integration of UML/SysML and Modelica
2. Project fields2.1 The Modeling Environment2.2 The Simulation Environment2.3 The Test Environment
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1. Introduction and Motivation (Systems-Engineering)Problem: Increasing complexity of technical systems
-Increased degree of complexity -> need for mastering complexity by e.g. automation-Increased number of involved technologies-SW and HW development is strongly coupled-Component suppliers are involved in system design-Need for system validation long before first physical prototypes are built
Motivation:-Process efficiency and development time and cost reduction in systems development-Time to market reduction-Ensure quality and maturity of system definition in early development stages
Solutions / Enablers: -Model- Based Systems Engineering can help to improve development process efficiency -System validation and tests by simulation in early development stages
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1.1 OPENPROD – Introduction and Goals
Open whole-product model-driven systems development modelling and simulation
Goals:-Holistic whole-product model-driven rapid development and design environment-Including support for product business processes. -Open source tools and components for open reusable solutions.-Standardized model representation of products.
Start: June 2009 End: May 2012
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1.1 OPENPROD – Involved Partners
APPEDGEConsulting & Engineering
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1.3 System Simulation With Modelica
Published by the Modelica Association (www.modelica.org)Declarative, Object-Oriented and Synchronous Language
-Equations and mathematical functions allow acausal modeling, high level specification, increased correctness
-Equation-based; continuous and discrete equations-Acausal modeling supports better reuse of modeling and design
knowledge than traditional classes
Multi-Domain Modeling-Combines electrical, mechanical, thermodynamic, hydraulic,
Biomechanik , control, event, real-time, etc...
Efficient, Non-Proprietary-Efficiency comparable to C; advanced equation compilation, e.g. 300 000
equations, ~150 000 lines on standard PC
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1.2 Need for Standardized Model Representations
Challenge à Many domain-specific graphical notations
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1.2 Need for Standardized Model Representations
Solution à Standardized notations for systems modeling
BranchA
CompanyA
SystemModel
ComponentSupplier
BranchB
BranchA
BranchB
Customer
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1.2 OMG SysML
Graphical modeling language to…Specify… Analyze… Design… Check…
Systems and single System components
U M L 2
S y s M L
S y sM L e x te n sio n s to
U M L
OMG Systems Modeling Language
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1.2 OMG SysML to Modelica Code Transformation
Tank«block»
Attributes«variable» area:double=0.5«variable» flowGain:double=0.05«variable» minV:double=0«variable» maxV:double=10«variable» h:double=0.0
qOut:LiquidFlowqIn:LiquidFlow
tSensor:ReadSignal tActuator:ActSignal
within TwoTanks;block Tank
ReadSignal tSensor;ActSignal tActuator;LiquidFlow qIn;LiquidFlow qOut;parameter Real area (unit = "m2") = 0.5;parameter Real flowGain (unit = "m2/s") = 0.05;Real h (start = 0.0, unit = "m");
end Tank;
<<block>>Tank à Tank.mo (Modelica)
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1.5 Integration of UML/SysML and Modelica
Generated Modelica Code
System Simulation
System Modeling with UML/SysML/ModelicaML
Putting together UML/SysML and Modelica gives a powerful combination for modelling and simulation of complex systems at any stage of system development.
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2. Project Fields
Developing the following environments as Eclipse plug-ins
Eclipse 3.x
MDT
Modeling
Plugin (e.g. Papyrus)
Test
Plugin (e.g. U2TP)
Simulation
Plugin
Open Modelica
GML (SysML,
ModelicaML)
Our fields
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2.1 The Modeling Environment
System Structure, Behavior, Requirements
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2.2 The Simulation Environment
Why is Simulation important?
-First virtual Prototype-Supports Communication between Developer and Customer-Basic unit for dynamic system tests-Interactive system tests
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2.2 Simulation Environment Example
Non-/Interactive Simulation
InteractiveSimulationRuntime
Simulation Center
Sim.Control
create
Comm.
OMC
OMI
Non-InteractiveSim-Runtime
create
MDT Plugin
Comm.
Simulation Plugin
ModelicaFiles (*.mo)
SimulationResults
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2.2 Interactive Simulation Runtime Example Implementation
C o n tr olCa lcul atio n
Tra nsfe r
G lo b alD ata
Si m u latio nCo ntro l
Si m u latio nDa taF lo w
R esu lt M a na g er
Or ig. O M com po ne n ts
O M S er v ice Inte rface
O p en Mo del ica In te ra ctive (As Se rve r/S erv ice )
In te ra ctive G U I (As C lien t)
S imu la tion Un its Co m m un ica tion Un its
O M I S ubsy stem (new ) O M S u bs ys tem (o ld)
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2.2 Simulation Visualization Exmample
Tank 1 Tank 2
Liquid Source
MaxLevel
Level h
Level h
PlotView
RequirementsEvaluation View
Domain-Specific
Visualization View
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2.2 Test Environment - Needs
As an addition to the OPENPROD
Why is Testing important?
-Searching for a failure caused byfails
-Imporve Quality-Verifikation and Validation
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2.2 Model Based System Dynamics Testing
Model Based: Formal modeling of informal text based requirements
- Activity Diagram, Sequence Diagram, State Machines…- Visuelle Kontrakte
Dynamic: Using simulation
Die höhe des Tank A soll nicht über 10 m sein, um ein überlaufen des Tankes zu vermeiden. Falls der sperrmechanismus des Controllers B dennoch nicht greift soll ab 10% der max höheder Ablauf C mit hilfe des Ventils D das Wasser abfließen lassen
Max_höhe_Tank_A
Id: 001Beschreibung: Die höhedes Tank A soll nicht über 10 m sein, um ein überlaufen des Tankes zu vermeiden.
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2.2 Test Automation
1. Test Case generation
FunctionalSpecification
ActivityDiagramSequence
DiagramStateMachines
2. Test Coverage
3. Test Execution
Model Requirement
Informal Formal Using UML 2 TP
Functional TestCase
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References• Sanford Friedenthal, Alan Moore and Rick Steiner, Practical Guide to SysML, 2008• Fritzson Peter. Principles of Object-Oriented Modeling and Simulation with Modelica 2.1,
2004• Modelica Association. Modelica: A Unified Object-Oriented Language for Physical
Systems Modeling: Language Specification Version 3.0, Sept 2007. www.modelica.org• OMG. OMG Unified Modeling Language TM (OMG UML). Version 2.2, February 2009.• OMG. OMG Systems Modeling Language (OMG SysML™), Version 1.1, November
2008.• OMG. OMG UML 2 Testing Profile (U2TP), Version 1.0, July 2007• Acceleo, Eclipse Plug-In. www.acceleo.org/pages/home/en• Papyrus UML, www.papyrusuml.org• Schamai.W, ModelicaML - UML Profile for Modelica, Technical Report
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-20553• OPENPROD ITEA2 Project Spec 2009 (Non public version)• Robert V. Binder. Testing Object-Oriented Systems, Addison-Wesley, 2000.
