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Model Answer Code: AS-2896
Integrated UG/PG Biotechnology (2nd
Semester) End Semester Examination, 2014
LBZS 204: Zoology-IV (Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology)
1. MCQ
I. b) HCl hydrolyzes peptide bonds
II. c) The small intestine
III. e) Both AV valves
IV. a) The SA node
V. a) Sensory neurons
VI. a) They are all-or-none in amplitude
VII. c) The vital capacity
VIII. c) Bicarbonate
IX. d) All of these are true
X. a) hCG
2. Subjective questions.
Answer I: Following points should be discussed in brief-
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)
Large intestine (colon), rectum, and anus
Layers of the GI Tract
Mucosa
Submucosa
Serosa
Accessory Organs
Salivary glands
Liver
Pancreas
Answer II: The cellular pathways involved in the formation of blood components take place
in bone marrow by the process of hematopoiesis. In bone, marrow, hematopoietic stem cells
differentiated into myeloid progenitors and lymphoid progenitors under the influence of
specific growth factors. Myeloid progenitors give rise to RBCs, granulocytes, agranulocytes
and platelets while the lymphoid progenitors give rise to immune cells viz., B-lymphocytes
and T-lymphocytes.
Blood consists of plasma and various cells. Plasma is watery portion of blood which
constitutes about 55% of blood and contains water, plasma proteins and other organic and
inorganic components. Blood cells are described in following table-
Answer III:
(a) Electrocardiogram: Following amplitude points intervals and segments should be
explained along with the contraction and timing of heart chambers
P wave, R wave, T wave, P-R interval, S-T interval, QRS complex, P-Q segment and S-T
segment
(b) Following types of circulation should be described
Pulmonary circulation (Blood circulation to lungs for oxygenation of blood)
Systemic circulation (Blood circulation to all other organs of body except heart)
Coronary circulation (Blood circulation to heart itself)
Answer IV: Upon getting any stimulus, neurons get excited and the entire gated ion channels
play role in propagation of stimulus to the central nervous system. The permeability of the
axon membrane to Na+ and K+ depends on gated channels that open in response to
stimulation. Net diffusion of these ions occurs in two stages: first Na+ moves into the axon,
then K+ moves out. This flow of ions, and the changes in the membrane potential that result,
constitute an event called an action potential. Following points should be explained in details
along with mechanism of opening and closing of specific ion channels.
Depolarization,
Repolarization
Hyperpolarization
Saltatory movement
Answer V: Following diagram should be discussed to explain the structure and anatomy of
kidney. The function of kidney is urine formation which should be discussed including
secretion and selective re-absorption.
-70
-55
0
+35
Threshold
Time
mV
Resting potential Resting potentialAction potential
Active pumping
of Na+ out and K+
in during the
refractory period
Hyperpolarisation
of the membrane
Answer VI:
Answer VII: Following table should be described in details-