Mock Based Unit Testing

7/27/2019 Mock Based Unit Testing

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Unit/Scenario Testing Approaches

Udayan Datta

I079774


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2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 2

Agenda/Scopes

Introduction of Mock Framework & Demo

How to mock and do unit & scenario tests both

How to design the effective test cases by using this mock framework

Salient available features (mock, spy, stub, verify, any.. etc..) in mock framework

How to test the complex UI parts/Complex interdependent/recursive/substantial code part with

mocking

Plans/Milestones for next to achieve 100% UI UNIT Test cases for the all the UI modules in SP7

Sprint 2 onwards An implementation plan for Sprint 2 (SP7)

Questions/Answers/Finalization


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Intoduction of Mock Framework and Demo

We are using Mockito framework along with PowerMock for additional features

Benefits

o Mockito makes mocking very easy.

o It is extremely easy to read mock code.

o Mockito works in any environment and has no external dependencies

Drawbacks

o Mockito has all the same limitations, which manually created mocks have. It is

impossible to mock final classes or static methods.

Demo


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Why we need to mock for Unit and Scenario Test?

The salient features which should be available with the mock framework

Focused testing

Separation of stubbing and verification

o Dont want any verification-related code before execution.

Explicit language

o Verification and stubbing code should be easy to discern, should distinguish from

ordinary method calls / from any supporting code / assertions

Simple stubbing model

Only one type of mock, one way of creating mocks

No framework-supporting code

o No record(), replay() methods, no alien control/context objects.

Slim API

o So that anyone can use it efficiently and produce clean code

Explicit errorso Verification errors should always point stack trace to failed interaction

Clean stack trace


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Why we need to mock for Unit and Scenario Test?

One of significant challenges is the problem of huge unreadable code.

This problem can be solved easily with Mockito library. It generates mocks using

reflection.

Mockito records all mock invocations, including methods arguments.

Mockito provides several ways to define mock behavior, and several ways to validate

invocations occurred.

Mockito works in any environment. The only thing required is the presence of Mockito

JAR in class path.


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Mockito Features

Verifying code behaviors

Stubbing the mock values

Argument matchers

Verifying exact number of invocations / at least x / never

Stubbing void methods with exceptions

Verification in order

Changing default return values of unstubbed invocations Finding redundant invocations

Shorthand for mocks creation - @Mock annotation

Stubbing consecutive calls (iterator-style stubbing)

Stubbing with callbacks

doThrow()|doAnswer()|doNothing()|doReturn() family of methods for

stubbing voids (mostly)

Spying on real objects

Capturing arguments for further assertions


7/17 2011 SAP AG. All rights reserved. 7

Mockito Features

Real partial mocks

Resetting mocks

Troubleshooting & validating framework usage

Aliases for behavior driven development

(**New**) Serializable mocks

For more advanced features - Powermock is also an advanced version of

mocking framework which will give more testable features on top of currentMockito - http://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-

powermock.html

While Mockito does not support Static method & final class, PowerMock is supporting

these. PowerMock can work on top of Mockito.

Mockito Features -

http://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htm

l
http://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htmlhttp://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htmlhttp://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htmlhttp://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htmlhttp://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htmlhttp://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.html



Mockito Features

Real partial mocks

Resetting mocks

Troubleshooting & validating framework usage

Aliases for behavior driven development

(**New**) Serializable mocks

For more advanced features - Powermock is also an advanced version of

mocking framework which will give more testable features on top of currentMockito - http://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-

powermock.html

Mocking Static Method

Partial Mocking

o We can use PowerMockito to partially mock a method using PowerMockito.spy

Mockito Reference -http://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.html
http://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htmlhttp://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htmlhttp://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htmlhttp://mockito.googlecode.com/svn/tags/latest/javadoc/org/mockito/Mockito.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.htmlhttp://blog.griddynamics.com/2010/03/mocking-with-mockito-and-powermock.html



Design of Effective Scenario Test

Test Workflow Identify Interactions

Create Mocks

oMultiple level of mocks can be created and stubbed values

Stub the required mock objects

Invoke the mock object Verify/Validate the object call and output

Assert Expectations from the Validation



An implementation plan for Sprint 2 (SP7) Onwards

TBD



Q/A/F

Q/A Finalization

Thank You



Categories of modeling elements

SQL view

Joins

Unions

Filter

Calculations

Group by

Order by

SQL view ++

Scripts

Curr Conv.

Parameters

Key

Non aggregatable

column

Advanced Semantic

(multi dim)

Dimensions

Measures

Variables for client

tools

Basic Semantic (possible also on

table and catalog level)

Column semantic

Language (SAP, ISO, Locale)

Client (MANDT)

Amount, Quantity

Unit / Currency

Time / Date Semantic

Assignment to dependent columns

Description

Unit / Currency

Hierarchies (requires a key)

Leveled

Parent Child

Attribute relationships



UI

Keep the paradigm of the current calc view editor and use that to model the

new view

Include a Data Foundation Star join node for easier join modeling

Overview Node Detail Node columns



UI

Analytic view in the new editor with two Multi join / Star join Node

Data

Foundation

Detail of JoinDFData Foundation

Old New

Data

Found

ation

Detail of JoinDIM



Capabilities

All semantic modeling would be done in the output node? (Maybealso on the inner nodes)

Everything that is possible in calc view or analytic view editor and

more would be offered there including

Add views as Shared dimensions

Counters

Measures and aggregation

Currency conversion can also be done inside

Because some calculations will depend on converted measures

The script node is like any other node and can be combined with

other node types

It can contain SQL script or a plain view definition select .. asview



Performance (brainstorming)

If we allow arbitrary stacking of views we might end up in very bad

performance

A intermediate step might be to add hints to certain model parts

or to the complete model

E.g. use the engine hints = deployment type (depending on the hint not all features are

available)

SQL deploy as SQL view

Calc view deploy as calc view

OLAP deploy as OLAP view

Alternatively: Convert all view definitions into SQL and delegate the work tothe SQL optimizer

\\trextest\trex_test\dbaeumges\working\201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_Cal

cEngine.pptx
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptxhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_5//trextest/trex_test/dbaeumges/working/201201_SeoulWS_Optimizer_Semantic_CalcEngine.pptx


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Optimizing Example recognize the star schema

Join

T6

T2

T4

T5T3

Data Foundation

Output

Customer

TimeProduct

Store T8

T9

T7

T3

T2T4

T5

TTIME

TCUS

T6

T8T7

T9

TCUSTEXT

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Mock Based Unit Testing