MOBILE NETWORK AND SMALL CELL BACKHAUL … fileeffective seamless MPLS backhaul and brings the core to the edge, significantly reducing cost and increasing scalability

MOBILE NETWORK AND SMALL CELL BACKHAUL SOLUTIONS Phil Lamoureux, Architect Specialist, Mobility Service Provider Advanced Technologies 5 December 2012

2 Copyright © 2012 Juniper Networks, Inc. www.juniper.net

JUNIPER NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL – DO NOT DISTRIBUTE

  This product roadmap sets forth Juniper Networks’ current intention and is subject to change at any time without notice. No purchases

are contingent upon Juniper Networks delivering any feature or functionality depicted on this roadmap.

LEGAL STATEMENT



  Increased demand for data on mobile devices, 3G, 4G and WiFi

  Inadequate spectrum to meet data demand §  voice usage is flat!

  Why not just build more MacroCell Sites? §  Increased density of Macrocells = higher Opex

§  high lease and construction costs, §  Difficult regulatory environment, long time to deploy §  Higher Bandwidth backhaul

§  Co-channel deployment means difficult RF Interference challenges §  SON, beamforming techniques and LTE-Advanced do help

THE SMALL CELL PROBLEM



SOLUTIONS TO THE SPECTRUM CRUNCH

Solution Timing Eliminate all-you-can eat data plans Increase price to reduce demand

Now

Increase licensed spectrum Politicians wrangle some extra airwaves

Years

Adopt better radio technology (LTE) Spectrally efficient technology on new spectrum

Early deployments

WiFi Mobile operators embrace “free & unlicensed” spectrum

Deploying

Small cells Higher spatial reuse of spectrum

3G - deployed LTE- trials



SMALL CELL TAXONOMY Cell type Range Subscribers Integrated

WiFi

Macro 2KM+ 100s - 1000s No

Public space small cell (metrocell)

To 500M ~100 Optional

Enterprise indoor small cell (femtocell / microcell)

To 100M 10s Optional

Consumer indoor small cell (femtocell / microcell)

To 20M <10 Not typical

R a d i o a c c e s s t e c h n o l o g y o v e r t i m e



HIGH CAPACITY MOBILE BROADBAND

• Exponential increase of data traffic challenging spectrum capacity, transport and mobile PS Core infrastructure driving the move to “all-IP”

• Enable site costs to be optimised for macro cells with 2G, 3G HSPA and 4G LTE in the same base station chassis

• However, to achieve the capacity to offer truly mobile broad band speeds to the majority of customers requires a new architecture – small cells

• A high density small cell network, with cost effective backhaul and core network elements collapsed to the edge provides the scale needed for mobile broadband with the right cost

Juniper’s Small Cell solution combines 3G HSPA, 4G LTE and WiFi with cost

effective seamless MPLS backhaul and brings the core to the edge, significantly reducing cost and increasing scalability.



SMALL CELL DEPLOYMENT CHALLENGES

  Lower initial cost, lower total cost of ownership than a Macro but challenges abound….

  Backhaul

  Timing and Synchronization

  Security   Management and Configuration

  Site Power   Site acquisition

  Deployment services

  Planning and optimization   Maintenance

Juniper meets these challenges!

Juniper Partners to meet these challenges!

MOBILITY BACKHAUL



MOBILE BACKHAUL BUSINESS PROBLEM: EXPLOSION IN BACKHAUL INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS

Central Office

Metro Ethernet

2G

3G

RAN Sites Metro Transport

2G

3G

4G

CSR

IDU

TDM

NxT1 (TDM)

NxT1 (ATM)

NxT1

Increasing timing requirements

required at the RAN

Multiple (separate) transport networks required.

More timing impacts.

Decreasing number of TDM elements.

Increasing 3G/LTE technologies.

NxT1 (TDM)

Eth

DACS

MSN (IP)

MSN (ATM)

RNC

BSC

CE

PE

ChOC-x (TDM)

ChOC-x (ATM)

Eth

Lega

cy

3G/L

TE

BITS

1588v2 GM



Metro Transport

Cell Sites

2G GSM / CDMA

3G UMTS

4G LTE

IP/ Ethernet

TDM

ATM / TDM

Small / Metro Cells

N x T1/E1

2G BSC TDM

ATM / IP

3G RNC

SAE Gwy

IP/ Ethernet

Wireline / MSC

ACX CSR MX240 MX480

MX-80 CE MPCs

MX960

JUNIPER’S MOBILE BACKHAUL SOLUTION

TCA8500

PTP

1588v2

SyncE

GPS



•  3x capacity of nearest competitor •  Seamless MPLS/MPLS-TP provides the most flexible service architecture (1)

•  Extensive end-to-end network monitoring: Latency, jitter, OAM •  Hardened fan-less design with 65w Power over Ethernet (PoE+) •  Open system for innovation and extensibility §  SYNCHRONIZATION FEATURES:

§  IEEE1588-2008 Ordinary and Boundary Clock, BC supports 512 1588-2008 Clients §  BITS and External GPS reference Inputs (10MHz and 1PPS) §  BITS and Reference Outputs (10MHz and 1PPS) §  TimeProbe Delay and Jitter statistics

ACX UNIVERSAL ACCESS ROUTERS

§  Juniper’s Universal Access solution for mobile backhaul (LTE, 2G/3G), business Ethernet services and circuit to Ethernet migration

§ Complements Universal Edge with a seamless end-to-end service delivery platform, extending the existing network and all its capabilities to the access point

§  Fixed and modular platforms § Running Junos from access to edge to core

ACX Series

ACX2000 ACX1000

ACX2100 ACX1100 ACX4000

THE NEW BENCHMARK FOR ACCESS NETWORKS



SMALL CELL BACKHAUL §  Home and Enterprise Femto

§  DSL, FTTH

§  Metrocells-‐ light radio, liquid radio §  ADSL, VDSL, Bonded copper, microwave (LOS/NLOS), WiFi, Ethernet from AAVs, GPON, Fiber (AT&T GigE

Metro Ethernet)

§  Distributed Radios (BBU Pooling) -‐ GPON, Fiber (AT&T GigE Metro Ethernet) §  Macrocells -‐ ADSL, VDSL, Bonded copper, microwave (LOS/NLOS), WiFi, Ethernet from AAVs, GPON, Fiber

(AT&T GigE Metro Ethernet)

Different requirements for different small cells

In LTE backhaul is of greater significance due to: §  SynchronizaUon §  X2 interface §  Flat architecture (no RNC/MSC) §  VoLTE §  Greater number of Metro cells

LTE

EPC

MME

PGW/GGSN

SGW

S1-U S1-MME

S11

S5 / S8

X2



Size/weight constraints •  ODU, dish •  Accessories •  Power availability •  Spectrum availability •  Line of Sight •  Topography •  AdapUve modulaUon

Equipment costs Deployment costs

Fiber build costs •  Even short runs are costly •  CiUes outlawing boring

Regulated services provisioning •  No address, no connecUon NID placement, install, power AggregaBon •  Port counts •  (De) regulated de-‐marc •  Path to SO? NDC? •  Latency, ji[er, QoS

Dense urban and urban sites proliferate Non-‐tradiBonal mounBng assets •  Street lights •  Traffic signals •  Building façade •  Power issues •  Non-‐telco power

No cabling pathways AestheBc issues Structural issues

Small Cell Emplacements Wireless Backhaul Wired Backhaul

SC

Existing solutions fall well short

BACKHAUL CHALLENGES FOR SMALL CELL RAN



Primary Surface Street

Alley or Service Access

Likely Pico Site

Likely Fiber PoP

#1

#2 #3

Scenario #1 •  Fiber in the alley; small cell on the bldg façade facing the street

•  No aerial or underground pathway for fiber •  (At least) Two buildings to traverse with interior pulls (not likely)

Scenario #2 •  Fiber in a CEV; small on a traffic signal (muni fiber)

•  No (or crushed) muni duct banks; no direct tunnel connecUons

•  No space/faciliUes for fiber terminaUon Scenario #3 •  Fiber in a CEV; small cell on a street light •  No duct or tunnel connecUon – need to break concrete to pull fiber

•  No space/faciliUes for a fiber terminaUon at the light pole

General Issues •  Best small cell mounts are non-‐tradiUonal: street lights, traffic signals, etc.

•  Fiber and power in the alleys, RAN on the street (pico) or the roof (macro)

•  Horizontal and verUcal LoS constraints •  Shibing RF environment: reflecUon and absorpUon

Urban small cells need backhaul in many spots without fiber

THE REAL-WORLD PROBLEM



  Need: Line of Sight and Non Line of Sight radios

  “Any-LOS”

  Juniper partners provide broad set of solutions

Source: Clearwire, CTIA 2011

Fiber Backbone

60GHz LOS

70/80 GHz LOS

Sub-6 GHZ NLOS

Small Cell

Macro-cell Roof Top Hub

Small Cell Street

Level Hub

HYBRID WIRELESS BACKHAUL

Daisy-chain



JUNIPER PARTNER: ANY-LOS BACKHAUL

Short Range IP Radio

IBC IBR IBR MX240/480 ACX-Series MX960 MX 5/10/40/80

SC

SC Junos Pulse

End-to-End Management

End-to-End JUNOS

Seamless MPLS Backhaul with short range IP radio integration •  Point to Point (P-t-P) and Point to Multi-Point (P-t-MP) Radios •  500m to 5km range for IP radio •  500Mbit/s throughput per link •  Line of Sight (LoS) or Non-Line of Sight (NLoS) •  Software defined radio – wide range for frequency band •  Controller (IBC) integrates to Juniper ACX •  Power of Ethernet from ACX to IBC •  IEEE 1588v2 Timing Throughout the system

Allows cost effective deployment of small cells in dense urban and suburban environments to offer high capacity mobile broadband services

Access Pre-aggregation Aggregation Edge/Metro Core

Subscriber



JUNIPER PARTNER: E-BAND LOS BACKHAUL

ACX Series MX5/10/40/80 MX240/480 MX960

E-Band Backhaul

E-Band Backhaul

E-Band Backhaul

Access Aggregation

§  All outdoor radio §  E-Band spectrum (71-76 GHz) dramatically lowers TCO of

wireless and Ethernet backhaul (80% less than comparable systems)

§  4G/LTE ready §  1 Gigabit throughput §  Line-of-Sight operation; 1.5 to 3 km range §  Carrier class availability and resiliency with advanced ring, mesh

and Link Aggregation



JUNIPER PARTNER: NSN FLEXIPACKET MACROCELL & SMALL CELL BACKHAUL

§  Integrated true Packet Radio, Fully Outdoor design, Carrier Ethernet / MEF standard (UNI I/F) architecture.

§  Zero-footprint cell site solution, up to 25% OPEX savings

§  1+0/1+1/2+0 and XPIC configurations support in Zero-foot print

§  Integrated and pre tested with Juniper routers for a complete E2E packet backhaul

§  Dual Mode Operation: Hybrid (native packet and native TDM) or Packet only. Modes are SW selectable.

§  Synchronization through Ethernet Technology (IEEE 1588, SyncE.)

§  Optimized for Metrocell/small-cell LTE low cost backhaul; LOS and NLOS

§  Zero-footprint cell site solution, for both tail and chain sites

§  PtP MWR sub 6GHz (with option to support 2.3GHz)

§  Up to 230 Mbps TDD; up to 1 Km range

§  Supports both Licensed and Unlicensed frequencies over the same HW

§  Green design, power consumption <12W

§  End-to-end tested synchronization solutions

FlexiPacket MR – Hybrid Microwave Backhaul

FlexiPacket Lite – Small Cell Backhaul



Small / Metro Cells

ACX Series

JUNOS SPACE SMALL CELL NETWORK MANAGEMENT

Network Activate L2/L3 Service Provisioning

Remote OS Upgrade

FM/PM (OpenNMS)

Device and Service Level alarms Alarm Aggregation Alarm De-Duplication Performance charts SLA monitoring

QoS Design QoS Profiler and Scheduler

Sync Design 1588v2 & SyncE Config

OAM Insight Network faults & diagnostics

Transport Activate LSP Provisioning

REST API for Northbound OSS/BSS Integration

Configuration Mgmt Inventory

Security SDK Toolkit Zero Touch Deployment

ACX Series

ACX Series

Access Aggregation

DMI Adapters DMI Adapters DMI Adapters

Juniper Devices

Partner Devices

SMALL CELL TIMING AND SYNCRONIZATION



SYNCHRONIZATION   Key Issue:

§  Migration to all packet networks means loss of TDM clock source §  Scaling §  Support of multiple architectures

  Three principal Components of sync: §  Frequency syntonization (2G, 3G, 4G FDD) §  Phase synchronization (TDD - 4G LTE-CoMP, Small Cell) §  Time of Day (ToD) synchronization

  The following approaches are possible: §  Outside of Ethernet transport network (e.g. via GPS, GNSS) §  Sync over Packet using dedicated packet flow (1588v2, NTP) or using the

clock carried by circuit emulated data (the following methods are possible : Differential Clock Recovery, Adaptive Clock Recovery)

§  Synchronous Ethernet – can be used to augment 1588v2



SMALL CELL TIMING AND SYNCHRONIZATION Small Cell Need: low cost, easy deployment, works indoors & urban canyons, ready for LTE-Advanced, eMBMS

Juniper offers a network timing solution that meets the need! TCA8500 Grandmaster/timing server ACX Cell Site Routers:

§  A precision timing client to derive 1588v2 timing from a metro packet network §  A boundary clock to regenerate timing for distribution to a small cell network §  A master clock to distribute GPS timing from a cell hub to a small cell network



GPS VS. PACKET TIMING   TradiUonal approach is to use GPS as the source for Uming at various points in the network

  However, GPS is known to be unreliable §  Phase jumps during satellite constellaUon changes §  Inaccuracies due to signal propagaUon through various

atmospheric layers §  Inaccuracies due to signal reflecUons §  Require an expensive oscillator for holdover

  Alternate soluUon: Use IP network infrastructure to deliver accurate Ume to various points in the network

§  Use packet-‐based protocols for delivery of Ume with microsecond accuracy

§  NTP and PTP are popular protocols §  Client-‐server architecture with built-‐in holdover mechanism

for enhanced reliability

  But IP networks introduce challenges! §  Different upstream and downstream paths cause

unpredictable and asymmetric delays

GPS

GPS

Server/ Grandmaster

Client/Slave IP Network

Client/Slave

Client/Slave



NETWORK SYNC OPTIONS - 1

MX-960 MX-480 MX-240 ACX

ACX - SyncE MX-960 MX-480 MX-240

External GPS -‐ 1.544MHz -‐ 10Mhz

Cost prohibiBve, unreliable -‐ logisUcs – antennas etc -‐ suscepUble to impairments -‐ Requires Localized backup; expensive local holdover clocks -‐ Lacks network or performance monitoring

SyncE -‐ Frequency Only

Compliance -‐ SyncE Compliant Elements -‐ Frequency Only -‐ Network Backup

SSU

GPS

GPS

GPS Only

SyncE Only

BITS



NETWORK SYNC OPTIONS - 2

MX-960 MX-480 MX-240 ACX

- 1588v2 Client - 1588v2 Boundary Clock - External BITS

ACX - SyncE - 1588v2 Client/BC - External BITS

MX-960 MX-480 MX-240

External PRS -‐ GNSS -‐ BITS -‐ Rb Holdover

Highly Scalable, Reliability, Flexibility -‐ Provides Frequency and Phase -‐ 255 Timing Domains -‐ Edge and local holdover -‐ Comprehensive Network Management

External PRS -‐ GNSS -‐  BITS -‐  Cs/Rb Holdover

Highest Scalability, Reliability, Flexibility -‐ Provides service differenUaUon -‐ Frequency and Phase -‐ High Availability with backup -‐ Edge and local holdover -‐ Comprehensive Network Management

GPS 1588v2 Only

MulB-‐Sync

1588v2

BITS

1588v2 GM

1588v2 GM Cs/Rb

Delay and Jitter Performance Measurements + PDV Collection

Delay and Jitter Performance Measurements + PDV Collection



Metro Transport

Cell Sites

2G GSM / CDMA

3G UMTS / CDMA 1x EV-DO

4G LTE & WiMAX

IP/ Ethernet

TDM

ATM / TDM

Small / Metro Cells

N x T1/E1

2G BSC TDM

ATM / IP

3G RNC

SAE Gwy

IP/ Ethernet

Wireline / MSC

ACX MX240 MX480

MX-80

The Juniper Backhaul Solution includes: §  TCA Stand-alone 1588v2 PRC Grand Master §  ACX CSR – SyncE, 1588v2 OC/BC, BITS, PRC Inputs

§  MX-series for Metro Backhaul Aggregation

§  Junos Space for Management

CE MPCs

MX960

JUNIPER’S BACKHAUL SYNCHRONIZATION SOLUTION

TCA8500

1588v2

1588v2

SyncE

1588v2 Boundary

Clock

BACKUP – PRODUCT SLIDES



• 3x capacity of nearest competitor • Seamless MPLS/MPLS-TP provides most flexible service architecture (1)

•  Integrated precision timing for highest QoE (1588, SyncE) • Extensive end-to-end network monitoring: Latency, jitter, OAM • Hardened fan-less design with 65w Power over Ethernet (PoE+) • Open system for innovation and extensibility

ACX UNIVERSAL ACCESS ROUTERS

• Juniper’s Universal Access solution for mobile backhaul (LTE, 2G/3G), business Ethernet services and residential broadband

• Complements Universal Edge • Fixed and modular platforms all running Junos

ACX Series

THE NEW BENCHMARK FOR ACCESS NETWORKS ACX2000

ACX2100

ACX1100

ACX1000

ACX4000

(1) Basic Ethernet connectivity also supported



ACX: CONVERGED ACCESS ROUTER PORTFOLIO   ACX1000: 1G router with T1/E1, FRS 2T2012

§  8xT1/E1, 12xGE, 1RU ETSI 300 §  SyncE/1588v2, Temperature Hardened, Dual Feed DC power, Passively cooled

  ACX2000: 10G router with T1/E1, FRS 2T2012 §  16xT1/E1, 10xGE, 2x10GE SFP+, 2xPoE+ 65W, 1RU ETSI 300 §  SyncE/1588v2, Temperature Hardened, Dual Feed DC power, Passively cooled

  ACX4000: 10G modular router with 2 MIC slots, FRS 3T2012 §  16xT1/E1, 10xGE, 2x10GE SFP+, 2xPOE+ 65W, 2.5RU ETSI 300 §  SyncE/1588v2, Temperature Hardened, Redundant AC/DC power §  Modules: 16xT1/E1, 6xGE, 4xCHOC3/STM-1

  ACX1100: 1G Ethernet-only router, FRS 3T2012 §  12xGE, 1RU ETSI 300 §  SyncE/1588v2, Temperature Hardened, Dual Feed DC power, Passively cooled

  ACX2100: 10G with more SFP ports, FRS 3T2012 §  16xT1/E1, 10xGE (4xRJ45, 6xSFP), 2x10GE SFP+, 1RU ETSI 300 §  SyncE/1588v2, Temperature Hardened, Dual Feed DC power, Passively cooled



SMALL CELL BH– PARTNER ANY-LOS SOLUTION

  Extending Fiber Over RF with No-Compromise SLAs

Partner Competitors

Speed 500Mbps < 200Mbps

Latency 500us > 1 ms

Distance > 500m Non-LOS Near-LOS / LOS

Bands 5 GHz (initial), Multiple licensed/

unlicensed

Multiple licensed and unlicensed

Max Spectral Efficiency

> 10bits/Hz > 10bits/Hz

Install Time Target: < 15Mins/location

TBD

Pole Top Yes Yes / No

Architecture P2P, P2MP* (Flexible)

P2P & Divisive P2MP (Limited)

Partner Competitors

10G Capacity Yes No

NTE / Demarc feature (OAM, PM, FM)

Yes on both Radio and Switch

No

Clocking and Sync

1588v2, SyncE No

Transport Technology

MPLS and ETH (MEF compliant)

No

Pole Top Yes No

POE+ (802.3at) PSE

Yes No

Radio Controller



TCA8000/8500 TIMING SERVERS   PTP Grandmaster/Time Server

§  Stratum 1 PRC/PRS when locked to GNSS §  Stratum 2 holdover with Rubidium (TCA8500) §  Stratum 3E holdover with OCXO (TCA8000) §  Front Panel Status and Configuration interface

  Multiple timing inputs and outputs §  Input options: GPS or Stratum 1 BITS §  Traditional timing outputs; 10x T1/E1, PPx, (PPS, PP2S, PPM, PPH), 1/5/10MHz, IRIG-B §  Two power options: -48VDC nominal (30 to 60 VDC); 90-264 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz

  High throughput & scalability §  2x 10/100 Ethernet ports – PTP/OAM and OAM-only §  Supports hundreds of 1588v2 timing clients

  Designed for Telecom applications §  Ideal for IP backhaul and Femtocell applications §  Web-based management through JunOS Space §  1RU compact size §  Fanless



TCA6000/6500 TIMING CLIENTS   Highly integrated multi-functional timing client

§  Traditional timing outputs; 2x T1/E1, PPx (PPS, PP2S, PPM, PPH), 1/5/10 MHz §  Supports PTP (IEEE1588-2008) §  Integrated GPS receiver (with TCA6500 only) §  Sync and System status LED indicators

  Accurate & reliable §  Internal oscillator: OCXO+ §  Stratum 3E - when locked to Stratum-1 Grand Master/Server §  Stratum 3 - holdover

  Suitable for cell sites, central offices §  Web-based management through JunOS Space §  Indoor 1RU version – 2 units mountable per slot §  Dual power inputs: 18vDC ~ 72vDC, optional AC adapter §  Operating Temperature: -40º C ~ +65º C

Documents

MOBILE NETWORK AND SMALL CELL BACKHAUL … fileeffective seamless MPLS backhaul and brings the core to the edge, significantly reducing cost and increasing scalability