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NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIALApril 2003
Mobile IP & IPv6 in 3G UMTS/cdma2000 Mobile NetworksMaximizing your Packet Data Network
Nortel NetworksWireless Product MarketingCD Lee
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIALApril 2003 1
• IP version 6 - The Next Generation Internet• IPv6 in CDMA Operation• IPv6 in UMTS Operation• An Overview Of Nortel CDMA/WLAN
UMTS/WLAN Mobile IP Solutions• Summary
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIALApril 2003 2
IP version 6The Next Generation Internet
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
Introduction – Business Drivers • Mandating of IPv6 for mobile handsets and core
networks of both UMTS R5 and CDMA 2000• General IPv4 address shortage particularly for
delivering ‘always on’ and ‘push’ Internet services to large numbers of mobile handsets in the push of UMTS into China and other countries of Asia
• Seen by Governments as solution to business constraints in both Europe (especially EU commission) and AsiaPac (especially Japan, Taiwan and S.Korea) caused by low availability of globally routable IPv4 addresses
There is no incentive for enterprises to reequip with IPv6 at present :Minimal extra capabilities (most retro-fitted to IPv4), need for new equipment
Lack of common application support (Microsoft
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
Nortel IPv6 Position• Nortel is fully behind IPv6
– Nortel was actually the first company to release IPv6 in 1997
• Today Nortel believe that IPv6 is driven by the wireless business, specifically UMTS and CDMA2000
• Nortel is actively developing v6 on the platforms most relevant to that architecture.
• Nortel are targeting UMTS Release 5 as a date for commercially available products.
• Nortel believe that IPv4 and IPv6 will coexist in the network for the foreseeable future and we will support interoperation between them to protect our customers existing investments.
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIALApril 2003 5
IPv6 in CDMA Operation
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
cdma2000 IPv6 Standards Status
• Packet Data Standards (TIA IS-835-B)– Only Simple IPv6 (i.e., no Mobile IPv6 yet)
• Subset of IPv6 defined for both mobile and PDSN
– Transport (tunnel layer IOS IS-2001) independent of application layer.– The RAN and PDSN may natively run IPv4 or IPv6, or both,
independent of the MS IP (protocol) version– The PCF and PDSN may support connections on either IPv4 or IPv6.
– Transition mechanisms (not yet defined)
• 3GPP2 Multimedia (i.e. IS-835C)– Mostly work in progress…
• Mobile IPv6• Transition Mechanisms• Other Nodes (i.e. SIP Server, etc.)• Transport layer (i.e. future ISO release)
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
3GPP2 ALL-IP Network Architecture Model
TrunkSignalingGateway
MediaGateway
MediaResourceFunction
CoreQuality ofService
Manager
SessionControl
Manager
Mobile IPHomeAgent
AAA
9
8
15 16 17
2123
24
28
47
33 34
3837
MediaGatewayControl
Function
PSTN
2620
30
22
39
ServiceApplication
45
3 4 62 5
44
48
PositionServer
12
BorderRouter
46
29
40
27
PositionDetermining
Entity
18 25
MobileStation
IPNetwork
1
cdma2000 Access Network
MM
BTS
36
43
41
32
AccessGateway
FA /Attendant
31
35
NetworkCapabilityGateway
SubscriptionQuality ofService
Manager 1011
Legacy MSDomainSupport
BSC/RNC+ PCF
Other Access Networks
Databases
EIR . . .PolicyRules
NetworkDSI Subscription
Profile
19
42
Potential IPv6 Hotspot in Yellow
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
3GPP2 Nomenclature• MGW = Media Gateway• SGW = Signaling Gateway• HA=Home Agent• SCM = Session Control Manager• MGCF = Media Gateway Control Function
• MRF = Media Resource Function
Internet
AAA
UASMRF
ShastaHA
PVGMGW
USPSGW
PVGMGW
IMSSCM
CS-2000MGCF
PVGMGW
Packet network (IPv4 and/ or IPv6)
MTXXA-Core
eBSC
eSBS
CDMA Access Gateway
PDSN
PSTN
MTXXA-Core
IS-41
Succession components
Wireless components
Succession components
Core IP
IPv6 Hotspots
Nortel Networks 3GPP2 Architecture
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIALApril 2003 9
IPv6 in UMTS Operation
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
Wireless Gateway
Home GGSN
IWF Iu (CS & PS)
IPv4/GTP PLMN Packet Backbone
SS7/IP Gateway (SIG)
SS7 Transport
Iub/Iur Transport
Iub/Iur Transport
Node B
Foreign GGSN Gi
Gp
Gn
Ga
3 G SGSN
UTRAN CN
T R A U
Wireless Gateway
3 G SGSN
T R A U
Iu Transport
Note: Only some of the primary interface reference points shown.
Preside CGF (Sun)
Preside DHCP (Sun)
Lawful Intercept
Internet/ Intranet
Preside Radius (Sun)
MSC PSTN
Gateway MSC
HSS (DMS)
Preside FCAPs
Functions Preside FCAPs
Functions
A p p s (Sun)
Apps (Sun)
Preside DNS (Sun)
Preside FCAPs
Functions
R N C
I-N o d e
C -Node I-N o d e
RNC
I-Node
C -Node
R N C
I-Node
C- Node
Gr
Local Content
Node B
Node B
Node B
Node B
Node B
IPv6 Hotspots in Yellow for this release of UMTS
UMTS R5 Data Network
To Support All 3GPP Standards Mandates for UMTS R5 & Enable Infrastructure Sharing & Peering
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
UMTS IPv6 OperationServices Deployment Options - and impact
RNC SGSN GGSNv6 IMServer
RNC SGSN GGSN v4 AppServer
RNC SGSN GGSN
v6 transit
v6IM netv4
Transit
6to4 or 6over4tunneling
v6Mobile 1) Tunnel via v4 net to v6 IM net: GGSN must do 6 to 4 tunneling (shown in gray)
2) IPv6 Mobile Accessing IPv4 Data Server – NAT-PT on GGSN- doesn’t work for some Apps; doesn’t scale
v6Mobile
NAT-PT
v4Transit
v6 IMServer
v4 AppServer
v4Transit
v4 / v6dual-stack
Mobile3) Likely startup scenario - v4 and v6 services; dual stack mobile; GGSN must deal with both addressing systems
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
Nortel’s All-IP (IPv6) IM Subsystem (3G)
Terminal Devices AccessNetworks
Internet, IntranetsIM Subsystem
MobilityServer
IPv4/v6 tunneled in GTP
IPv4 or v6 IPv4 or Ipv6
SIPServers
SubscriberData
ServerIP v6Network
IntranetVPN
ContentSwitch
MS ShastaGGSN
6to4 NAT-PT
AlteonSwitch
IP v4Network
AlteonSwitch
PP15KSGSN
PP 8600
IP v4Network
IPv6Network
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
Key IP Multimedia RFCs and Internet Drafts for Release 5
• SIP compression– draft-hannu-rohc-signaling-cellular-01.txt “Application Signaling Over Cellular Links”.– draft-hannu-rohc-roger-00.txt “RObust GEneric message size Reduction (ROGER)”.– draft-liu-rohc-scribe-00.txt “Scalable Robust Efficient Dictionary-Based Compression
(SCRIBE)”.
• SIP– RFC 2543bis “SIP: Session Initiation Protocol”.– draft-ietf-sip-manyfolks-resource-01.txt “Integration of Resource Management and SIP:
SIP Extensions for Resource Management”. – draft-ietf-sip-100rel-03.txt “Reliability of Provisional Responses in SIP”.– draft-ietf-sip-privacy-01.txt “SIP Extensions for Caller Identity and Privacy”.– draft-ietf-sip-call-auth-01.txt “SIP Extensions for Media Authorization”.– draft-3gpp-sip-establish-00.txt “3GPP IP Multimedia CN Subsystem - Session
Establishment Flows”.– draft-3gpp-sip-registration-00.txt “3GPP IP Multimedia CN Subsystem - Registration
Flows”.
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
Mobile IPv6
• Still under development• Basic idea is similar to Mobile IPv4• Much better implementation
– Home agent fields initial packet from caller– Send authenticated care-of address option to caller
• Big issue with how to setup security associations
– Subsequent packets travel directly to/from caller ócare-of address
• Does not need forged source address• Does not need foreign agents• Always does route optimisation
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIALApril 2003 15
An Overview Of Nortel CDMA/WLAN UMTS/WLAN Mobile IP Solutions
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
Elements of Nortel Strategy
VPN Security is key
OSS and BSS SystemsOSS and BSS SystemsSupport Support WLANsWLANs
Ethernet Mobility, SecurityEthernet Mobility, SecurityAnd And QoSQoS/BWM/BWM
Seamlessness Between WLANAnd 2.5/3G
Internet
Superior IP TelephonySuperior IP TelephonyAnd MM VoiceAnd MM Voice--Data Data IntegInteg
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
Authentication & Dynamic Addressing
PDSN/FA HA
mobile node
1. Start PPP session
2. AA (with FAC)
3. RRQ (IP1/NAI/FACR)
10. RRQ (IP1/NAI)
14. RRP (IP2/NAI)
SCS
11. Sub pullfor NAI
12. Sub info for NAI
15. RRP (IP2)
IP1 = 0.0.0.0NAI = [email protected] = address assigned by HAFAC = Mobile IP ChallengeFARC = Mobile IP Challenge ResponseM-H = Mobile-Home Authentication extensionM-A = MN-AAA Authentication extension
13. Allocate IP addressfrom internal pool = IP2
6. Access-Request(CHAP)
9. Access-Accept
7. Access-Request (CHAP)
8. Access-Accept
IP in IP tunnel
Opt. reverse tunnel
LocalRADIUS
HomeRADIUS
SCS
4. Sub pullfor MSID
5. Sub info for MSID
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
PDSN (acting as a FA)
Public IP NetworkPublic IP NetworkUDR
Visited Network Home Network
VLR HLRSS7
Accounting proxyFunk/AAAServer
AAAServer
Home Agent
• Accounting will be performed by the Foreign Agent which routes packets in both directions.• Home Network can be both wireless or wireline. Therefore, home agent does not necessarily
perform accounting based on 3GPP2.• Preside AAA server supports accounting proxy where accounting records can be sent to AAA
server in home network.
Forward packet flow
Reverse packet flow
Billing Record flow
Traditional Circuit Network
PDSN Accounting:Mobile IP
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
MSC
CS SS7
HLRHLR
PDSN
Data CenterData Center
WLAN Data WLAN Data CenterCenter
AAA Server(Bridgewater or Metasolv)
AAA Server / Radius Proxy
Terminals
WLAN
CDMA
Internet
•Single sign-on•Single bill•Single authentication
1X/DOMetro Cell
BSC/RNC
Nortel WLAN 2220 Access
Point
Nortel WLAN 2201 Mobile
Adaptor
Nortel WLAN2250 Security
Switch
Shasta BSN
Nortel “One-Bill” Solution with Seamless Mobile IP
Mobile IP allows seamless handoff between CDMA 1X/DO & WLAN
BirdStepMobile IP
client
Mobile IP Home Agent for WLAN and CDMA 2000FA
Customers access WLAN network via Mobile IP client software to CDMA operator
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
Always-On Anytime, Anywhere -Mobile IP – FA & HA
Network Level Mobility• Inter-PDSN via Mobile IP• Anchored by HA• HA can reside external to wireless
network• HA-FA Tunneling options
APBW CDMA WirelessPacket Core
BSC_1
BSC_2
BSC_3
PDSN/FA_1
PDSN/FA_2
IP-in-IP
IP-in-IP
Univity HA
Air InterfaceMobility
Link LevelMobility
Network LevelMobility
Nortel WLAN 2220 Access
Point
WLAN Hot Spot
Co-located COA
HA-AAAAuthentication &Accounting
Birdstep MIP Client
Nortel WLAN 2201 Mobile
Adapter
Integrated IP Services ready to be turned on when you want
Nortel WLAN 2250 Security
Switch
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
• SecurityPersonalized firewalls
• Protects users information• Ensure services availability• Secure operators revenues
• Allocate resources based on subscriber profile, on application
• QoSTraffic managementDiffServ
• Pre-position and personalize content• Increase customer loyalty
• ContentPersonal Content portalWeb Steering
• Build revenue in corporate segment• Increase operator revenues with
additional outsourced services
• VPN End-to-End VPN, L2TP VPN, IPSec VPN
IP Services Across CDMA & WLAN
Integrated IP Services ready to be turned on when you want
• Maximize and Preserves Operator Investment
• Subscriber Service Transparency in any network
• MobilityMobile IP
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL
Summary• Nortel is fully behind IPv6. Nortel is fully behind
Nortel believe that IPv4 and IPv6 will coexist in the network for the foreseeable future and we will support interoperation between them to protect our customers existing investments.
• Nortel is actively developing v6 on the platforms most relevant to wireless CDMA/UMTS architecture.
• Nortel Networks are committed to helping operators create a mobile environment that delivers users compelling content and data services from any location. Nortel Networks sees WLAN and WWAN as complementary technologies:WLAN somewhere vs WWAN everywhere
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL