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8/2/2019 Mob 6 Communication
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Interpersonal Communication
Reference Notes for Executive MBA - Academy of Management Studies
101. MANAGEMENT & ORGANISATIONAL
THEORY
8/2/2019 Mob 6 Communication
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The Communication Process
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
1.Source (the sender) 2. Message3. Channel (medium) 4. Receiver
5. Feedback 6. Environment 7. Noise(Distractions can have pervasive influence onall components of communication process.)
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Communication andInformation Technology
E-Mail (Written messages have replacedmany telephone and in-personinterchanges.)
Company blogs or Web logs (Sends
information with soft, human touch.) Presentation technology (Eye contact and
human touch still needed.) Telecommuting and the distributed
workforce (Many positives and negatives.)
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
8/2/2019 Mob 6 Communication
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Impact of Computer-MediatedCommunication on Behavior
Communication more widespread andimmediate, and can be fast-paced
Limited human touch a problem Invites Web surfing and useless e-
mails Repetitive motion disorder widespread Too many wired managerial workers Multitasking has benefits but can lead
to rudeness and low productivityReference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
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NonverbalCommunication
1. Environment (settingof message)2. Body placement3. Posture
4. Hand gestures5. Facial expression andmovement
6. Voice tone7. Clothing, dress, andappearance (How you
look and act sends amessage.)8. Mirroring9. Touching (Be careful
here.)
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
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Informal CommunicationChannels
Grapevine is major informal channel. Rumors thrive when communication is
vague. Chance encounters with managers
work well as communication vehicle. Management by walking around
enhances open communication.
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
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Grapevine
Grapevine Characteristicso Informal, not controlled by management.o Perceived by most employees as being more believable and
reliable than formal communications.o Largely used to serve the self-interests of those who use it.o Results from:
Desire for information about important situations Ambiguous conditions Conditions that cause anxiety
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
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Barriers to InterpersonalCommunication
1. Semantics (Meaningsto words vary.)2. Filtering of negativeinformation (Why upset
the boss?)3. Lack of credibility ofsender4. Mixed signals (Whichmessage is true?)
5. Different frames ofreference6. Value judgments (Dontjump too soon.)7. Information overload (Thebrain has limits.)8. Poor communication skills
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
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Barriers to EffectiveCommunication
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
Filtering
A senders manipulation of information so that it willbe seen more favorably by the receiver.
Selective PerceptionPeople selectively interpret what they see on thebasis of their interests, background, experience, andattitudes.
Information OverloadA condition in which information inflow exceeds anindividuals processing capacity.
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Barriers to Effective Communication(contd)
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
EmotionsHow a receiver feels at the time a message is receivedwill influence how the message is interpreted.
LanguageWords have different meanings to different people.
Communication Apprehension
Undue tension and anxiety about oralcommunication, written communication, or both.
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Overcoming CommunicationBarriers via Sending Messages
1. Clarify ideas first.2. Motivate the receiver.3. Discuss differences in
frames of reference.4. Foster informalcommunication.5. Communicatefeelingsbehind facts.
6. Be aware of nonverbalcommunication.7. Obtain feedback.8. Adapt to otherscommunication style.9. Engage in meta-communications.
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
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Overcoming Cross-CulturalCommunication Barriers Show respect for all workers. Easy language, slow and clear talk. Be alert to differences in customs and
behavior. Watch for differences in nonverbalcommunication.
Overlook style, accent, grammar,personal appearance.
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies
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Overcoming Cross-CulturalCommunication Barriers, cont. Listen for understanding, not
agreement. Be attentive to individual differences
in appearance. (Do not confusepeople because they belong to samerace or ethnic group.)
Reference Notes for Executive MBA -Academy of Management Studies