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1 Economic Impact Report The Economic & Fiscal Impact on Maine of Maine Maritime Museum For: Maine Maritime Museum 243 Washington Street Bath, Maine 04530 From: Planning Decisions, Inc. 477 Congress Street, Suite 1005 Portland, ME 041013406 October 10, 2014

MMM Impact Rept - Maine Maritime Museum C.!Museum!Visitor!Spending! In!addition!to!its!own!spending,!the!Museum!generates!an!additional!economic! impact!on!Maine!by!attracting!to!the!state!visitors!from!other!states!and!

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Page 1: MMM Impact Rept - Maine Maritime Museum C.!Museum!Visitor!Spending! In!addition!to!its!own!spending,!the!Museum!generates!an!additional!economic! impact!on!Maine!by!attracting!to!the!state!visitors!from!other!states!and!

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Economic  Impact  Report        

             

The  Economic  &  Fiscal  Impact  on  Maine    of  Maine  Maritime  Museum  

     

For:    Maine  Maritime  Museum  243  Washington  Street  

Bath,  Maine  04530      

From:                    Planning  Decisions,  Inc.  477  Congress  Street,  Suite  1005  

Portland,  ME  04101-­‐‑3406      

October  10,  2014      

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A.  Introduction    Maine  Maritime  Museum  is  one  of  Maine’s  most  important  educational,  cultural  and   historic   institutions.     As   a   result   of   its   exhibits   and   programs,   literally  millions   of   visitors   have—over   the   past   fifty   years—learned   about   Maine’s  unique  maritime  history  and  the  present  and  future  impact  of  shipbuilding  and  maritime   industries   on  Maine   and   the   nation.     These   visitors,   from   across   the  breadth   of   Maine   and   around   the   world,   have   taken   with   them   a   deep  appreciation   of   Maine   and   the   impacts   of   both   its   maritime   history   and   its  current  economic,  environmental  and  recreational  significance.    At  the  same  time,  the  Museum  and  its  visitors  have  left  an  enormous  economic  impact  on  Maine,  each  year  spending  millions  of  dollars  at   the  museum,  in   the  surrounding   communities   and   across   the   state   as   they   continue   their   journeys.    The  purpose  of  this  report  is  to  explain  this  impact  so  as  to  clarify  the  Museum’s  role   as   an   important   driver   of   economic   growth   in   the   region.     The   report   is  divided  into  five  parts.    The  first  deals  with  the  museum  itself;  the  second  with  the   parallel   businesses   its   visitors   patronize;   the   third   deals   with   the   indirect  impacts   of  museum   and   visitor   spending   as   it   trickles   through   employees   and  vendors  out  into  the  surrounding  economic  environment  spreading  the  spending  originating   with   the   Museum;   the   fourth   deals   with   the   state   and   local   fiscal  impacts  of  all  this  activity;  and,  finally,  the  fifth  part  addresses  some  of  the  non-­‐‑commercial   impacts   of   the   museum,   particularly   as   they   relate   to   a   proposed  new  exhibit  highlighting  Maine’s  lobster  industry.          

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B.  Museum  Spending1    

Located  along  the  Kennebec  River  in  Bath,  Maine  just  south  of  the  state’s  largest  shipbuilding  enterprise—Bath  Iron  Works—the  Maine  Maritime  Museum  is  a  substantial  enterprise.    It  occupies  20  acres  along  925  feet  of  waterfront  on  the  river.    It  encompasses  18  buildings  with  a  replacement  value  of  approximately  $9  million.    In  addition,  the  museum  maintains  three  docks  and  a  number  of  outdoor  exhibits,  a  200-­‐‑car  parking  lot,  nearly  two  miles  of  walking  paths  and  10  acres  of  lawn.    In  2014,  the  Museum  spent  nearly  $1.9  million  on  operational  expenses,  just  over  $1.0  million  in  salary  and  benefits  for  its  24  employees,  $166,000  for  utilities,  $110,000  for  maintenance,  $143,000  for  museum  admissions  and  store  operations,  $212,150  on  exhibits  and  programming  and  $254,500  on  administration  and  marketing.    In  addition,  over  the  past  five  years,  the  Museum  has  spent  approximately  $2.5  million  in  capital  expenditures  to  expand,  improve,  equip  and  repair  its  buildings,  grounds  and  exhibits.    This  spending  has  widespread  economic  impact  throughout  the  Midcoast  region  and  across  the  entire  State  of  Maine.    The  Museum’s  24  employees  and  34  trustees  reside  in  23  different  Maine  communities.    In  addition,  the  Museum  has  an  active  group  of  245  volunteers  who  live  in  39  Maine  communities  as  well  as  two  other  states.    Finally,  much  of  the  nearly  $890,000  in  non-­‐‑personnel  spending  flows  to  367  Maine-­‐‑based  businesses  located  in  88  communities  across  the  state.    Figures  1,  2  and  3  illustrate  this  widespread  economic  impact.    

1 Financial  data  were  provided  by  the  Maine  Maritime  Museum.

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Figure  1  Residence  of  Maine  Maritime  Museum  Employees  &  Trustees  

 Figure  2  Residence  of  Maine  Maritime  Museum  Volunteers  

 

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Figure  3  Location  of  Maine  Maritime  Museum’s  Maine  Vendors  

 

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C.  Museum  Visitor  Spending    

In  addition  to  its  own  spending,  the  Museum  generates  an  additional  economic  impact  on  Maine  by  attracting  to  the  state  visitors  from  other  states  and  countries.    This  visitor  spending  provides  revenue  to  a  wide  variety  of  Maine  businesses.    Some  are  businesses  actively  partnering  with  the  Museum.    These  include  food  vendors  on  Museum  grounds,  cruise  ships  and  boating  tour  operators  who  provide  tours  from  the  Museum’s  Kennebec  River  docks,  a  trolley  operator  who  provides  tours  of  BIW  and  Historic  Bath  and  caterers  who  use  museum  facilities  to  offer  family  and  group  meetings  such  as  weddings,  reunion  parties  and  business  meetings.    Other  businesses  are  not  directly  connected  to  the  Museum  but  nonetheless  earn  some  of  their  revenues  from  Museum  visitors.    These  are  the  hotels,  motels,  bed  and  breakfast  operators,  restaurants,  gas  stations,  retailers  and  other  businesses  that  thrive  in  the  area  because  of  visitors  drawn  by  the  Museum.    The  best  source  of  information  on  museum-­‐‑driven  visitor  spending  derives  from  a  survey  commissioned  by  the  Maine  Arts  Commission  during  the  Fall  2008-­‐‑Spring/Summer  2009  season.2    The  survey  collected  a  variety  of  information  from  visitors  to  13  Maine  museums,  including  party  size,  spending  patterns,  duration  of  visit  and  home  of  visitor.        Before  attempting  to  use  these  data  to  estimate  the  spending  of  visitors  to  the  Maine  Maritime  Museum  in  2013,  it  is  important  to  note  four  important  facts  about  the  Maine  Maritime  Museum  that  highlight  its  significance  to  the  Maine  economy  relative  to  Maine’s  other  museums.    

Visitors  to  Maine  Maritime  Museum  (MMM)  tended  to  come  in  larger  parties.    The  average  party  size  at  the  MMM  was  3.5,  well  above  the  all-­‐‑museum  average  of  2.7.    The  MMM  ranked  above  all  other  Maine  museums  in  this  metric  except  the  Maine  State  Museum  which  also  had  an  average  party  size  of  3.5.  

 

Visitors  to  MMM  were  more  likely  to  be  overnight  visitors  than  day  only  visitors.    72%  of  MMM  visitors  reported  spending  the  previous  night  in  a  commercial  accommodation  facility.    This  figure  far  exceeded  the  all-­‐‑museum  average  of  44%  and  ranked  the  MMM  behind  only  the  Abbe  Museum  in  Bar  Harbor  that  had  75%  overnight  visitors.  

2  Maine  Arts  Commission  Maine  Museums:    An  Economic  Impact  Study  by  Chuck  Lawton  and  Lindsay  Rowe,  2010.    

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  Visitors  to  MMM  were  far  more  likely  to  be  from  outside  Maine,  either  

from  another  state  or  from  another  country  than  visitors  to  other  Maine  museums.    84%  of  MMM  visitors  reported  coming  from  other  states  or  countries.    This  figure  far  exceeded  the  all-­‐‑museum  average  of  54%  and  ranked  MMM  first  among  all  museums  surveyed  in  percentage  of  visitors  from  non-­‐‑Maine  locations;  

 

Finally,  both  overnight  visitors  and  day  visitors  to  MMM  tended  to  spend  more  money  per  day  ($253  and  $129  respectively)  than  the  all  museum  average  ($129  and  $84  respectively).  

 All  of  these  points  underscore  the  relatively  greater  significance  of  Maine  Maritime  Museum  for  overall  economic  development.    For  more  detail  on  these  visitor  characteristics,  see  Table  A1  in  the  Appendix.    Since  there  have  been  no  more  recent  visitor  surveys  of  the  spending  of  the  Museum,  for  this  report  Planning  Decisions,  Inc.  used  the  results  of  the  2008-­‐‑09  survey  and  increased  these  totals  by  the  percent  change  in  the  Travel  Price  Index  between  2009  and  2013  (15.8%)  to  estimate  2013  visitor  spending  and  used  the  results  of  the  Maine  Office  of  Tourism  2013  visitor  survey3  to  distribute  this  estimated  MMM-­‐‑generated  spending  into  the  various  categories  of  spending,  i.e.,  accommodations,  transportation,  food  &  beverage,  general  merchandise  and  other  amusement  &  recreation  activities.    Table  1  summarizes  these  estimates.    

3 Maine  Office  of  Tourism  Visitor  Tracking  Research  2013  Calendar  Year  Annual  Report  prepared  by  DPA  April  2014.  http://visitmaine.com/assets/downloads/2013-­‐‑Annual-­‐‑Report-­‐‑04-­‐‑17-­‐‑14-­‐‑Final.pdf.    

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Table  1  Estimated  Daily  Spending  by  Visitors  to  the  Maine  Maritime  Museum,  2013  

Spending  Category  Visitors,  Total  

Visitors,  Overnight  

Visitors,  Day  

Total  Visitors   56,626   40,771   15,855  Accommodation   $4,060,391     $4,060,391     $0    Transportation   $2,240,248     $1,671,926     $568,323    Gasoline  Stations  (92%)   $2,049,662     $1,538,172     $511,490    Other  Transportation   $190,586     $133,754     $56,832    

Restaurant/Food   $3,911,151     $3,224,428     $686,723    Food  Service  &  Drinking  Places   $3,520,036     $2,901,985     $618,051    Food  &  Beverage  Stores   $391,115     $322,443     $68,672    

General  Merchandise  Stores   $3,335,670     $2,388,465     $947,204    Other  Amusement  &  Recreation   $762,877     $597,116     $165,761    

Total  Spending   $14,310,337     $11,942,326   $2,368,011  Sources:  Maine  Arts  Commission  Maine  Museums:    An  Economic  Impact  Study  by  Chuck  Lawton  and  Lindsay  Rowe,  2010;  Maine  Office  of  Tourism  Visitor  Tracking  Research  2013  Calendar  Year  Annual  Report  prepared  by  DPA  April  2014.  http://visitmaine.com/assets/downloads/2013-­‐‑Annual-­‐‑Report-­‐‑04-­‐‑17-­‐‑14-­‐‑Final.pdf.    The  central  conclusions  to  be  drawn  from  this  estimate  is  that  the  nearly  $2  million  spent  in  2013  by  Maine  Maritime  Museum  was  accompanied  by  over  $14  million  in  spending  by  visitors  to  the  Museum,  and  that  the  great  majority  of  this  spending  represents  money  brought  to  Maine  from  other  states  and  countries  thus  constituting  a  significant  contribution  to  the  overall  economic  growth  of  the  region  and  the  state.        A  second  significant  point  to  be  made  about  this  estimate  is  that  it  is  based  on  visitor  spending  per  day.    If,  for  instance,  each  visitor  to  the  Museum  spent  three  days  in  Maine,  the  total  economic  impact  on  the  state  of  the  trip  would  be  $14.3  million  times  three  or  $42.9  million.    Since  there  are  no  reliable  estimates  of  duration  of  visitor  trips,  this  extrapolation  can  only  be  hypothesized.    Nonetheless,  it  does  indicate  the  Museum’s  enormous  influence  as  a  potential  driver  of  economic  growth  in  the  region.    It  also  indicates  an  avenue  of  further  research  the  Museum  might  undertake  as  it  gathers  information  from  its  visitors  in  future  years.        

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D.  Indirect  Supply  Chain  &  Consumer  Spending  Impacts    

The  Museum’s  direct  commercial  impact  on  Maine  is  the  sum  of  its  operational  impact  (both  payroll  and  non-­‐‑payroll  spending),  its  capital  spending  and  the  spending  by  the  visitors  it  attracts  to  Maine.    As  indicated  in  the  tables  above,  this  direct  spending  that  flows  to  Maine  consumers  and  businesses  from  Museum  activities  amounts  to  approximately  $16.5  million.    It  supports  the  equivalent  of  164  full-­‐‑time  equivalent  jobs  earning  total  compensation  of  $4.7  million.    The  Museum’s  direct  spending,  however,  is  not  the  end  of  its  economic  impact.    It  is—like  all  commercial  enterprises—part  of  a  complex  web  of  supply  chain  interconnections.    As  noted  in  Figure  3  above,  it  buys  from  a  wide  range  of  suppliers  all  across  Maine.    At  the  same  time,  Museum  employees,  the  visitors  it  attracts  and  the  employees  of  all  vendors  supplying  both  the  Museum  and  related  tourism  businesses  are  consumers  in  the  Maine  economy.    They  make  mortgage  and  rent  payments,  buy  groceries,  buy  gas  for  and  repair  their  vehicles,  visit  their  doctors,  pay  their  utility  bills,  eat  at  area  restaurants  and  patronize  local  stores.    All  this  spending  becomes  revenue  to  a  wide  range  of  Maine  businesses.      Attempting  to  measure  all  of  these  indirect  vendor  supply  and  consumer  spending  effects  individually  would  be  virtually  impossible.    There  are  no  officially  available  statistics  such  as  Department  of  Labor  employment  data  that  measure  such  inter-­‐‑industry  relationships  at  the  local  level.    Short  of  exhaustive  direct  business  surveys,  there  is  no  direct  way  to  obtain  an  accurate  measurement  of  these  economic  “multiplier”  effects.  The  only  way  to  measure  the  Museum’s  total  economic  impact  is  to  use  an  input-­‐‑output  model  explicitly  designed  to  capture  these  interconnections.        For  this  report,  PDI  used  the  IMPLAN  model  of  the  State  of  Maine4  and  determined  that  the  total  volume  of  these  up-­‐‑stream  impacts  on  Maine  business,  the  total  sales  that  trace  back  ultimately  to  direct  Museum  spending  and  that  of  

4 IMPLAN  (IMpact  Analysis  for  PLANing)  is  an  input-­‐‑output  modeling  program  originally  developed  by  the  U.S.  Department  of  Agriculture  Forest  Service  for  resource  management  planning.  It  contains  a  mathematical  representation  of  the  purchasing  patterns  that  take  place  between  sectors  of  an  economy.    Built  into  the  IMPLAN  data  files  are  all  of  the  industry  sales,  employment  and  income  data  for  506  sectors  of  the  Maine  economy.    IMPLAN  uses  these  data  along  with  national  purchasing  patterns  (national  input-­‐‑output  matrices)  to  create  state  models.    Data  presented  here  are  rounded  to  avoid  the  appearance  of  unwarranted  precision.

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its  visitors,  amount  to  approximately  $7.5  million  supporting  the  full-­‐‑time  equivalent  of  approximately  68  jobs  earning  a  total  income  of  approximately  $2.6  million.    Table  2  summarizes  these  impacts.    

Table  2    Total  Economic  Impact  of  the  Maine  Maritime  Museum  on  Maine,  2013  

Category  of  Spending  Spending                    ($  million)   Jobs  

Income          ($  million)  

Museum  Spending   $2.2   26.2   $1.1      Operational   $1.9   24.0   $1.00      Capital  (5-­‐‑year  average)   $0.3   2.2   $0.11  Visitor  Spending   $14.3   138.2   $3.6        Accommodations   $4.1 42.7   $1.1    Gasoline  Stations   $2.0 3.5   $0.1      Other  Transportation   $0.2 0.7   $0.02      Restaurants  &  Drinking  Places   $3.5 58.4   $1.4      Other  Purchased  Food   $0.4 2.0   $0.06      General  Merchandise  Stores   $3.3 16.2   $0.5      Amusement  &  Recreation  Services   $0.8 14.7   $0.4 Total  Direct  Impact   $16.5   164.4   $4.7  Indirect  Vendor  &  Consumer  Spending   $  7.5 68.4   $2.6  Total  Economic  Impact   $24.0 232.8   $7.3  Sources:    Maine  Maritime  Museum;  Maine  Museum  Impact  Study.  Maine  Office  of  Tourism  and  IMPLAN  Model  of  the  Maine  Economy.    Except  for  the  museum,  all  jobs  refer  to  full-­‐‑time  equivalent;  they  are  best  thought  of  as  hours  supported  by  the  spending  rather  than  specific  jobs  for  specific  people.    The  total  economic  impact  of  the  Maine  Maritime  Museum  on  the  State  of  Maine  in  2013,  i.e.,  the  total  sales  to  Maine  businesses  attributable  to  Museum  activities  and  the  spending  of  its  visitors,  amounted  to  slightly  more  than  $24  million.    This  spending  supported  the  full-­‐‑time  equivalent  of  over  230  jobs  earning  pay  of  approximately  $7.3  million.    E.  State  &  Local  Fiscal  Impacts    

Some  portion  of  this  Museum-­‐‑initiated  spending  flows  to  Maine’s  state  and  local  governments.    Museum  employees  and  those  of  all  the  businesses  indirectly  linked  to  the  Museum  pay  income  taxes,  sales  taxes,  property  taxes,  fuel  and  excise  taxes.    And  all  of  the  businesses  commercially  linked  to  Museum  activities  pay  the  income,  property,  fuel,  licensing  and  other  business  taxes  and  fees  to  

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which  they  are  subject.    The  total  state  and  local  tax  and  fee  revenues  traceable  to  Museum  initiated  economic  activity  amounts  to  approximately  $1.3  million.    Table  3  breaks  this  fiscal  impact  down  by  major  category.    

Table  3  State  &  Local  Taxes  &  Fees  Attributable  to    Maine  Maritime  Museum-­‐‑generated  Spending  

Category   Amount  Income  Taxes   $    230,000  Sales  Taxes   $  440,000  Property  Taxes   $  550,000  Other  Taxes  &  Fees   $    110,000  Total   $1,330,000  

                                 Sources:  Data  derived  from  IMPLAN  model.    F.    Non-­‐‑commercial  Elements  of  Economic  Impact    Besides  its  obvious  commercial  impact  on  the  State  of  Maine,  Maine  Maritime  Museum  has  a  substantial  cultural,  educational  and  personal  impact  whose  value  cannot  easily  be  quantified  in  dollar  terms  but  whose  importance  to  “branding”  Maine  as  an  attractive  place  to  visit,  a  region  with  a  thriving  economy  and  a  place  to  consider  for  personal  or  business  relocation  is  virtually  priceless.    If  this  non-­‐‑monetary  impact  were  to  be  defined  as  the  “product”  a  marketing  firm  was  assigned  to  “produce”  for  the  state,  its  cost  would  be  in  the  millions.    Consider  some  of  the  following  testimonials.    “Best  museum  by  far  from  Annapolis  to  Halifax.”                              Peter  Turner,  Crocket,  CA  –  1st  visit,  Sept.  2014    “Perfect  end  to  a  beautiful  first  visit  to  Maine.  I’ll  be  back.”                          Doug  Isakson,  Sioux  Falls,  SD  –  1st  visit,  Sept.  2014    “Terrific  in  every  respect!”                          Rick  and  Susan  Widgery,  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia  –  1st  visit,  Aug.  2014    “What  a  wonderful  collection.  Beautifully  presented.  The  blacksmith  shop  is  a  great  addition.”                          The  Anderson  Family,  Summit,  NJ  –  1st  visit,  Aug.  2014    

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“(My)  Husband  doubted  it  would  be  interesting…Then  I  couldn’t  get  him  out  of  there!  Gem  of  a  museum.”                            TripAdvisor  comment  of  visitor  from  Atlanta,  GA  –  Sept.  2014,  1st  visit    “Outstanding!  Wholeheartedly  recommend.  This  has  to  be  one  of  the  best  maritime  museums.”                          TripAdvisor  comment  of  visitor  from  Raleigh,  NC  –  Aug.  2014,  1st  visit    “I  came  away  wishing  we  could  have  spent  more  time  here.  Loved  the  stories  told.”                          Dianna  C.,  Kaukauna,  WI  –  Aug  2014,  1st  visit    “Never  dreamed  we’d  spend  a  full  day  here!  Loved  the  school  boat  building  class  –  inspiring.”                          G.  &  J.  Olson,  Phoenix,  AZ  –  May  2014,  1st  visit    Such  positive  visitor  reactions  are  even  more  important  when  seen  in  terms  of  the  proposed  renovation  of  the  Museum’s  Lobstering  &  the  Maine  Coast  Exhibit.    This  renovation  involves  a  significant  redesign  and  renovation  of  an  exhibit  originally  installed  in  its  own  two-­‐‑story  6,200  square  foot  building  in  1985.    By  bringing  that  historic  exhibit  into  the  current  day  of  climate  change  and  its  consequent  challenge  to  coastal  living  (both  residential  and  economic),  this  exhibit  will  address  the  question,  “Can  the  Maine  lobster  industry  create  a  business  model  that  is  as  resilient  as  the  resource  appears  to  be?”    It  will  help  visitors  understand  the  challenges  facing  the  industry  and,  hopefully,  lead  them  to  become  more  regular  consumers  of  this  most  truly  Maine  product.    Getting  precisely  this  important  message  to  tens  of  thousands  of  visitors  every  year  represents  one  of  the  most  important  goals  of  the  newly  established  Maine  Lobster  Marketing  Collaborative.    To  the  extent  that  it  can  accomplish  this  goal  for  free  through  Maine  Maritime  Museum  undoubtedly  constitutes  its  greatest  indirect  impact.

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Appendix    

Table  A1  Selected  Characteristics  of  Maine  Museum  Visitors,  2008-­‐‑09  

Museum  Party  Size  

%  overnight  

%  daily  

%  U.S.  not  Maine  

%  not  U.S.  

Per  day  Spending  

per  Overnight  Visitor  

Per  day  Spending  per  Day  Visitor  

Abbe   3.1   75%   25%   65%   5%   $263     $96    

Bates   2.0   35%   65%   34%   0%   $77     $60    

Bowdoin   2.5   38%   62%   64%   1%   $281     $27    

Colby   2.9   28%   72%   45%   0%   $178     $63    

Farnsworth   2.9   55%   45%   68%   2%   $272     $95    

ICA   2.4   17%   83%   34%   3%   $153     $84    Maine  Maritime   3.5   72%   28%   78%   6%   $253     $129    

Maine  State   3.5   27%   73%   40%   2%   $256     $79    

Monhegan   3.3   75%   25%   60%   2%   $322     $48    

Ogunquit   2.6   55%   45%   76%   4%   $319     $144    

PMA   2.6   52%   48%   70%   2%   $207     $95    

Tides   2.7   45%   55%   45%   8%   $159     $75    

UMMA   2.0   23%   77%   24%   5%   $161     $107    

UNE   1.7   13%   88%   13%   0%   $53     $79    All  Museums   2.7   44%   57%   51%   3%   $243     $84    Maine  Arts  Commission  Maine  Museums:    An  Economic  Impact  Study  by  Chuck  Lawton  and  Lindsay  Rowe,  2010.