Mitosis

Danielle GreenwaldEmily Lynch

Period 4

MitosisMitosis is the process of cell division which results in the production of two daughter cells from a single cell, identical to one another and to the original parent cell. Mitosis can be divided into the following four principals stages.

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Works Cited

Prophase Nucleoli disappear Chromatin fibers become more tightly coiled Each duplicated chromosome appears as two identical sister

chromatids joined at the centromere Mitotic spindle forms in the cytoplasm Centrosomes move away from each other Nuclear envelope fragments Spindle fibers extend from each pole toward the equator of the

cell Kinetochore microtubules throw chromosomes into agitated

motion Nonkinetochore microtubules radiate from the poles toward the

cell’s equator without attaching to chromosomes PICTURES

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Metaphase Centrosomes at opposite poles of cell Chromosomes convene on the metaphase plate Centromeres of chromosomes align Chromatids of each chromosome are attached to

kinetochore microtubules of the spindle

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Anaphase Centromeres of each chromosome divide Each chromatid is now a chromosome Spindle moves the once- joined sisters toward

opposite poles of the cell Poles of the cell move farther apart By the end, each pole has equivalent collections of

chromosomes

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Telophase Daughter nuclei begins to form at the two poles Nucleoli reappear and chromatin fiber becomes

less tightly coiled The cleavage furrow forms and begins pinching the

cell in the center in animal cells. In plant cells, the cell wall begins forming in the center of the cell and grows outward.

Two identical daughter cells follow shortly after mitosis with cytokenesis

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PICTURES

DIAGRAM

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Animal cell

Plant cell

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Prophase

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Animal cell

Plant cell

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Metaphase

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Plant cell

Animal cell

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Anaphase

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Plant cell

Animal cell

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Telophase

Glossary Mitotic spindle- specific group of spindle fibers used in the process of mitosis

Centrosomes- an organelle that serves as the main microtubule organizing center of the animal cell as well as a regulator of cell-cycle progression; each contains two centrioles

Centrioles- organelle that helps in cell division/ reproduction

Spindle Fibers- An aggregate of microtubules that move chromosomes during cell division

Kinetochore microtubules- spindle fibers that attach to the chromosome and maneuver the chromosome during mitosis

Nonkinetochore microtubules- spindle fibers that do not attach to the chromosome

Cytokenesis- the process in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells

Cleavage Furrow- the deep groove that forms when the cell membrane pinches inward in animal cells

Works Cited http://staff.jccc.net/PDECELL/celldivision/mitosis1.html

http://www.csun.edu/~lsh681/graphics/DIVISION.html

http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/dna/mitosis/images/metaphase1_pc.jpg

http://biology.about.com/od/mitosis/ig/Mitosis-Image-Gallery/Anaphase.htm

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