Mitigation of greenhouse gas emission

from a double rice field of China

Xiaobo Qin, Yu’e Li, Yunfan Wan,

Jianling Li,Bin Wang

18 Sept 2015

Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in

Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

IEDA, CAAS

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In this talk

Stock-take

Research updates

Future work

In this talk

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Stock-take

Project: Monitor and control of GHG emission

reduction technologies from agricultural production

system of China

Period: 2011-2015

Fund: Non-profit Research Foundation for

Agriculture (201103039), Ministry of Agriculture

Stock-take

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4

North East upland

Institute of applied

ecology, CAS

Grass land

Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS

North China upland

Shandong Academy

of agricultural

sciences

Live stock

IEDA, CAAS

Single rice

Institute of Soil Science, CAS Dobule rice

IEDA, CAAS

North West up land

China agricultural

university

Project Host: Chinese academy of agricultural sciences, CAAS

Double rice production of China

Double rice Double rice - fallow

Double rice - rape Double rice - vegetable

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Stock-takeObjectives

Monitor

GHG emission

Screen

Practicalmitigationtechnologies

Demonstration

Localization

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Mitigation choice

Mitigation technology

Bio-waste

Biochar

Cultivar

Nitrogen

Inhibitor

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Location of monitor site of GHG emissions from double rice paddy

Beijing

Jingzhou

Huizhouu

China

Changsha

Field monitor

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Application of biochar

Ttreatments

Base fertilization Tillering

fertilization

Jointing fertilization Booting fertilization

Nb P2O5 K2O Biochar Straw N (Urea) N (Urea) K2O (KCL) N

b P2O5

b K2O

b

CK 72.00 135.00 72.00 34.50 55.20 45.00 36.00 36.00 36.00

BC1 72.00 135.00 72.00 5000 34.50 55.20 45.00 36.00 36.00 36.00

BC2 72.00 135.00 72.00 10000 34.50 55.20 45.00 36.00 36.00 36.00

BC3 72.00 135.00 72.00 20000 34.50 55.20 45.00 36.00 36.00 36.00

RS 72.00 132.36 72.00 2400 19.38 55.20 24.60 36.00 36.00 36.00

RI 72.00 132.36 72.00 2400 19.38 55.20 24.60 36.00 36.00 36.00

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Application of the biocharkg ha-1

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Cultivar Growth

days

(d )

Optimum

grain yield

(kg ha-1)

Rice quality class Eating

quality

score

Cold

resistance

Rice blast

resistance

Lodging

resistance National

standard

Provincial

standard

Hefengzhan 128-130 410.75 3 3 74 Medium 83.3-88.89% Medium

Yuejingsimiao 111-114 405.37 2 2 81 Medium weak 98.55-100% -

Qihuazhan 108-111 437.02 2 2 75-84 Medium 76.47-86.9% Medium strong

Huangsizhan 129 437.86 1 1 90 Weak 63-63.77% Medium

Huangruanzhan 132 435.54 - 3 76-81 Medium 95.5-100% Medium

Yexianzhan 6 113 431.83 1 - - Strong 65% Medium

Yexianzhan 8 110-117 435.69 3 - - Medium 53.5% Strong

Huangxiuzhan 110-111 424.57 2 - 78-81 Medium 93.4% Medium strong

Yueerzhan 127-130 461.70 2-3 - - Medium 41.9% Weak

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Characteristics of the rice cultivar

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Jingzhou agrometeorological experimental station, Hubei province, China(30°21'N, 112°09'E),

from May 3rd, 2012 to April 28th, 2014

An automatic sampling and monitoring system was used on each day during the rice growing

season

Manual sampling was undertaken at intervals of 10 days during the winter fallow period

CH4 and N2O were analyzed by a gas chromatograph (Agilent 7890A)

Modification of new N fertilizer

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0

5

10

15

20

BCH BCM RI CK QH YX8 YE

相比CK百分比

水稻产量

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

BCH BCM RI CK QH YX8 YE

相比CK百分比

GHG排放当量

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

BCH BCM RI CK QH YX8 YE

相比CK百分比

碳排放强度 Same rice cultivar Different rice cultivar

Rice yield Yield – scaled GHG emission

GHG emission

Rati

o/

%R

ati

o/

%

Rati

o/

%

Technology screen

Biochar: 20t ha-1

Cultivar: Qihuazhan,

Yue’erzhan, Yexianzhan 8

Low GWP and High

yield

(Qin et al., 2014, 2015)12

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

CK CRU NU DMPP EM

GW

P（

Mg C

O2

eqha-1）

0%

a

29.4%

b

22.0%

b

39.5%

bc48.5%

c

2012

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

CK CRU NU DMPP EM

CO2 eq(N2O)

CO2 eq(CH4)

31.5%

b

29.4%

b37.6%

b

29.2%

b

0%

a

2013

a

b b b b

a

b b b

b

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

CK CRU NU DMPP EM

Rice season

Whole rotation

2013

a

c

bc

b b

a

c

bc

b bc

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

CK CRU NU DMPP EM

GH

GI（

Mg C

O2

eq M

g-1

gra

in）

2012

GWP of different treatments in 2012 (left panel) and 2013 (right panel) rotations

GHGI of different treatments in 2012 (left panel) and 2013 (right panel) rotations

Treat：

① CK Urea (N≥46% )

② CRU Polymer-coated

controlled release urea

(N≥42%, release period 90d)

③ NU N-Sever (N≥46%), a

synthetic urea mixed with

0.5% nitrapyrin

④ DMPP Urea with 1%

nitrification inhibitor 3,4-

dimethylpyrazole phosphate

⑤ EM Urea with effective

microorganisms

Lower GWP and higher yield were observed with controlled release urea, nitrification inhibitor and

effective microorganisms use.

Polymer-coated urea reduced CH4 emission significantly.

Nitrification inhibitors reduced N2O emission significantly.

N2O emissions and CH4 consumptions were notable during fallow period. (Wang et al., 2015, AEE)

Modified N fertilizer

Low GWP and High yield

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Demonstration

Guangdong Hubei

Demonstration area: 4000 acre

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Stock-takePriorities of research needs

Future work

Practicable mitigationoption

Uncertainty

N2O emissionfrom rice paddy

Ignore or not?

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I want

you？

Thank you for your attention!

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