Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft From Hadron Physics to the Precision Frontier A Very Short Introduction August 6, 2012 | Hans Ströher (Forschungszentrum

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From Hadron Physicsto the Precision Frontier

A Very Short Introduction

August 6, 2012 | Hans Ströher (Forschungszentrum Jülich)

GGSWBS´12 (Tbilisi, August 6 – 10, 2012)

10. April 2023 Institut für Kernphysik (IKP) Folie 2

Introduction – Structure of Matter

The different layers of matter constituents


Introduction – Structure of Matter

A definition of „hadron physics“

Hadron physicsis the part of

structure-of-matter physics that deals with

strongly interacting particles at the level of

quarks and gluons


Introduction – Standard Model (I)

The new „Periodic Table“: matter building blocks and force carriers


Introduction – Standard Model (II)

Last missing piece: Higgs-boson (most probably discovered at CERN)


Introduction – Ordinary Matter

Atom Nucleus

… is comprised of electrons and u-, d-quarks


Introduction – Ordinary Matter

The diversity of manifestations of matter

Limited by „radioactivity“

Chemical elements („Periodic Table“) „Chart of Nuclide“


Introduction – Non-ordinary Matter

… (particles) is (are) produced in energetic collisions

Cosmic rays



2012 marks 100th Anniversary of Cosmic Ray Discovery by Victor Hess

Cosmic rays



Accelerators

… (particles) is (are) produced in energetic collisions


Hadron Physics – Unsolved Questions

How does Nature make Hadrons ?

No free quarks“Confinement”

Mass of hadrons“Mass without mass”

Changes in medium?“Restoration of Chiral Symmetry”

Hadronic States Enigma of mesons and baryons;

resonances;existence of exotics?

QCD vacuum

Force independent of distance

Valence quark

Meson

Baryon



How does Nature make Hadrons ?

Hadronic interaction? Remnant of quark- quark interaction

Composite nucleon

Spin of composite particles (e.g. proton)?

“Spin Crisis (Puzzle)”

Hadrons in matterColor Transparency,Bound States,…

(…)

½ = 3(½)q

exotic nuclei



Structure of the nucleon Non- (+,-) symmetric charge distribution?

Nucleon charge rests in quarks

From Hadron Physics to the Precision Frontier


Precision Frontier – New Physics

Electric dipole moment (EDM) d

Structure of the nucleon Non- (+,-) symmetric charge distribution?

… would have profound implications: d = 0 violates „time-reversal“ symmetry

Nucleon charge rests in quarks


Assertion: Universe „started“ with equal amounts of matter and antimatter !

Early Universe

BigBang

Precision Frontier – EDM Physics Case

Matter Anti-matter


Very soon, a slight asymmetry developed (CP- / T-violation)

Early Universe

Matter Anti-matter

BigBang



All the anti-matter annihilated with matter

Early Universe

Matter Anti-matter

BigBang


Matteranti-matterannihilation


Now, only matter is left over! Why do we exist at all?

Early Universe

Today

Matter Anti-matter

Matteranti-matterannihilation

BigBang



A nucleon is very small (~ 1 femtometer)

Nucleon Earth

Precision Frontier – EDM Challenge

10

-15 m


An EDM is VEEEEEE … EEERY small !!

dexp < 10-27 [e cm]separation ~ size of a hair

expa

nd

expand

Nucleon Earth

Precision Frontier – EDM Challenge

10

-15 m


Ongoing searches: n, e, µ, atoms … Great physics beyond „SM“

Precision Frontier – EDMs

Neutron EDM

Status and plans:

Most likely exp. limit

for neutron


Idea: polarized beams interacting with E-field tilt of polarization

JEDIJülich Electric Dipole Moment Investigations

Precision Frontier – EDM Approach

New: A dedicated precision storage ring for p, d:

Observation of out-of-plane polarization:


A first grade technological and scientific challenge !

Precision Frontier – EDM Storage Ring

Ring concept: 2 counter-rotating beams …


A first grade technological and scientific challenge !

Precision Frontier – EDM Storage Ring

Ring concept: 2 counter-rotating beams …


Long-term project: needs expertise, time, persistance … and money !


JEDI at Forschungszentrum Jülich

Physics: a „must-do“ experiment

R&D, tests at COSY … the „best place on earth“ to pursue this project

Cooperation with labs in Europe (Ferrara, …), US (BNL, Cornell, IUCF, …) and elsewhere (Georgia, Russia, …) srEDM Network


Long-term project: needs expertise, time, persistance … and money !


JEDI at Forschungszentrum Jülich

Physics: a „must-do“ experiment

R&D, tests at COSY … the „best place on earth“ to pursue this project

Cooperation with labs in Europe (Ferrara, …), US (BNL, Cornell, IUCF, …) and elsewhere (Georgia, Russia, …) srEDM Network

Spokespersons:

J.Pretz(RWTH)

F.Rathmann(FZJ, IKP-2)

A.Lehrach(FZJ, IKP-4)


Possibly higher sensitivity than neutron Discovery potential !


pEDMdEDM indirect

exp. limitfor proton

Status and plans:

Neutron EDM


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Mitglied der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft From Hadron Physics to the Precision Frontier A Very Short Introduction August 6, 2012 | Hans Ströher (Forschungszentrum