MIP INTEREST IN

CROPS ORNAMENTAL

Dagoberto Castro Restrepo - Catholic University of East Antonio J. Prieto M. - Advisory Bioquirama SAS Isabel C. O. Garces - agronomy student UCO

NATIONAL SEMINAR ON PESTICIDES

DIARY

Trends in food production

What is biological control?

Bio- pesticides

Factors affecting the effectiveness

Cases of use of biological products

Trends in food production

Consumer demand in

global markets

• High quality food • Reduced exposure to

pesticides • Organic production

Global demands of producers

• BPA and resistance management

• Improve production efficiency

• Options for organic certification

prosperous business and

regulatory environment

• Free trade • Increased

harmonization of regulatory rules

Trends in food production

What is biological control?

According to Kogan (1998): "IPM is a system for decision support for selecting and using

tactics for pest control, alone or coordinated harmoniously within management strategies,

based on cost / benefit analysis, which takes into account the interests and impact on farmers,

society and the environment"

Relationship between biological control and other strategies for pest management.

Integrated pest

management

mechanical control,

physical and cultural

Resistance genetics

biological Control

conservation biological

control

classical biological

control

biocontrol by inoculating

Biological control flood

autocida Control

agents biorracionales

conventional pesticides

(Adapted from Eilenberg et al., 2001)

In terms entomological • Use of predatory insects, parasites, or microbial pathogens

entomopathogenic nematodes to reduce populations of different insects pests.

In plant pathology: • The use of antagonists to suppress microbial diseases. • Use of pathogens to control weeds

Eisenberg et al, 2001). "Using living organisms to reduce population densities or the impact of a specific harmful organism, making it less abundant or less harmful than it might be "

What is biological control?

Bio pesticides

What is a bio pesticide?

Bio Fungicides: are compounds

beneficial microorganisms such as fungi or bacteria

They are acting on diseases. b.p.

Trichoderma, Lecanicillium

Bioinsecticides:

Microorganisms that control insects. Beauveria,

Metarhizium, Lecanicillium,

Bio herbicides: Microorganisms and primary

and secondary metabolites for weed control. B.p.

Myrothecium verrucaria

Bio nematicides:

microorganisms and parasites to nematode control

Purpureocillium [Paecilomyces] lilacinus.

Bio molluscicides:

Microorganisms for the control of molluscs (slugs and

snails): Pochonia sp.

Bio algaecide:

microorganisms for algae control

Bio bactericides:

microorganisms to control bacteria. Bacillus subtilis, B.

pumilus, Pseudomonas

Bio rational:

plant extracts, semiochemicals,

endophytes.

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

2008 2014

Mil

mill

on

es d

e d

óla

res

Pesticide market segment projected 2008 - 2014 (billion)

2009

Productos de síntesis Biopesticidas

Source : BCC Research

Factors affecting the effectiveness

generic model showing the process entomopathogenic infection. The conidia reaches the insect cuticle where germinates, the germ tube and appressorium is formed. Hyphae through the cuticular layer reaches the hemocele where hyphal bodies (blastospores) are formed. Fungal development and move continuously, invades organs, interruption of metabolic processes and produces toxins See hemocyte aggregation, phagocytosis hyphal bodies, bodies yeast transformation and spread of spores. [Adapted from Vega et al., 2012].

: Samuel et al., 2014.

factors environmental:

Ultraviolet (pigments)

Temperature (20 - 30 ° C).

Humidity

inherent biodegradability :

- (7, 14, 21 days)

Competition :

- phyllosphere

- rhizosphere

endophytes

Some factors affecting the effectiveness of bioinputs

Liquid formulation:

Water

Oil

Emulsion: oil in water; inverted

Formulation solid:

wettable powders

Powder granules baits

microencapsulation

Some factors affecting the effectiveness of bioinputs

Major metabolites produced by entomopathogenic fungi

Classification Fungi that produce

No peptídicas

Oosperina Beauveria bassiana

Bassianina B. bassiana

Oxalic acid Veticillium, Metarhizium

Ácido fusárico Fusarium

dipicolinic acid Beauveria, Paecilomyces

Paecilomicinas Paecilomyces

linear peptide

Leucinostinas Paecilomyces

Efrapeptinas Tolypocladium

Peptídicas cíclicas

Beauverina Beauveria, Paecilomyces

Destruxinas Metarhizium

Ciclosporinas Metarhizium

(Adapted from Jurado Tellez et al., 2009)

Cases of use of biological products: Pompones

Case 1 pest management in chrysanthemum: -To determine the incidence of thrips, mites, minelayer and viruses. -Identify predator populations (Coenosia attenuata and Diglyphus sp).

VARIABLE Form of Measurement

(How?)

Evaluate shows (How much?)

Frequency (How?)

Incidence of thrips

plates

6 traps

Daily

Incidence of Minadores: L. trifolii and EL. huidobrensis

Jama 6% of the beds Daily

Incidence of mites Counting adults 6% of the beds Daily

Incidence of Lepidoptera

Counting larvae 6% of the beds Daily

Number of predators: Coenosia attenuata

Jama 6% of the beds Daily

Monitoring the incidence of pests

Garlic-pepper extract extract Cinnamon extract snuff agricultural Potassium iodide Soap

Rizobacterias

B. subtilis

B. pumilus

B. thuringiensis

B. bassiana

Lecanicillium

H.thompsonii

Akanthmyces sp

P. lilacinus

Bioinputs used

Fly tiger (Coenosia attenuata)

Comparison of the percentage of mite populations in the cultivation of chrysanthemum with the use of chemical treatment and biological treatment, in the municipality of La Ceja, Antioquia (Flores Virginia).

Number of individuals of thrips in chrysanthemum cultivation with the use of chemical treatment and biological treatment in the municipality of La Ceja, Antioquia.

Comparison of the percentage of populations of borers in growing chrysanthemum with the use of chemical treatment and biological treatment in the municipality of La Ceja, Antioquia.

Liriomyza trifolli, Liriomyza huribodensis. Coenosia Number of individuals attenuata y Diglyphus sp.

15

10

5

0

20

Seeding (% loss) 17.61 19.4

Rejection (% losses)) 2 4.35

Biological

Chemical

Percentage of chrysanthemum stems losses during the phases of production and post-harvest (rejection).

C. B. Plants sown: 241395 C.Q. sown plants: 600,000

Cases of use of biological products: Hortensia (Hydrangea macrophylla)

Minigreen

Bouquetera

Jumbo

Pink

Blue

Antique

Bedbug hydrangea (Nysius sp)

powdery mildew (Oidium sp)

Thrips palmi

Copitarsia sp

WEEK PRODUCT Prevention / Control 1 Calcium polysulfide Prevention of powdery mildew

Cinnamon extract, garlic and ác. phosphoric Prevention of mites, thrips, mildew powdery

Garlic extract - pepper General pest repellency 2 Rizobacterias: B. subtilis y B. pumilus Mildew, inductor resistance

Lecanicillium lecanii whitefly, thrips, aphids, mildew

Equisetum extract Powdery, alternaria Mildew 3 Rizobacterias

Trichoderma harzianum Antagonism of diseases

potassium vegetable oil Thrips, aphids, whiteflies 4 Rizobacterias

Hirsutella thompsonii and Akanthmyces sp Mites

Cinnamon extract, garlic and ac. phosphoric

5 Beauveria bassiana Mites, thrips, whiteflies, aphids

Equisetum extract B. thuringiensis svar. thuringiensis Mites

Mycorrhizae in the

Drench substrate: Trichoderma rhizobacteria Beauveria

Effect applying rhizobacteria

GROWING CROP

Soil analysis Planting distances: 40 cm between plants and rows and 60 cm between roads (40,000 pl / ha) Application of organic matter Use of mycorrhizae Application of rhizobacteria Hilling 40 dds

Cover with polisombra 35%

Placing plastic mesh for the mentee - Scheduled Poda -

Plants handling controlled pruning

Pruning of basal leaves

Thanks for your attention