Minutes of Meeting III CTF Meeting 170611GIZ ASEM MINUTES OF MEETING – IIIRD CTF MEETING City Sanitation Plan for Raipur Alchemy Urban Systems (P) Ltd. 2 AGENDA 1030 Hrs – 1045

City Sanitation Plan for Raipur

RAIPUR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION

Technical Assistance: GIZ ASEM

Minutes of Meeting - IIIrd CTF Meeting

Government Circuit House June 17, 2011

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MINUTES OF MEETING – IIIRD CTF MEETING


Alchemy Urban Systems (P) Ltd. 2

AGENDA 1030 Hrs – 1045 Hrs WELCOME ADDRESS

Sri Rajesh S Toppo

Commissioner, RMC

Meeting Room

1045 Hrs – 1100 hrs KEYNOTE ADDRESS

Smt Kiran Mayi Nayak

Mayor

Meeting Room

1100 Hrs – 1115 Hrs CITIZENS INVOLVEMENT IN PREPARATION OF CSP

Sri Sanjay Srivastava

Sabhapati

Meeting Room

1115 Hrs – 1130 Hrs RAIPUR CITY SANITATION PLAN – GOALS & VISION

Ms Regina Dube

GIZ

Meeting Room

TEA BREAK

1130 Hrs – 1145 Hrs

1145 Hrs – 1215 Hrs PRESENTATION ON KEY ISSUES & RECOMMENDATIONS

Mr Ramana Gudupudi, GIZ & Ms Neelima Thota, Technical Team

Meeting Room

1215 Hrs – 1245 Hrs DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Moderated by Sri S K Sundarani

Deputy Commissioner, RMC

Meeting Room

1245 Hrs – 1300 Hrs VOTE OF THANKS

Sri S K Sundarani

Assistant Commissioner, In-Charge of Sanitation

Meeting Room

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MINUTES OF MEETING – IIIRD CTF MEETING -


ALCHEMY URBAN SYSTEMS (P) LTD. 3

INTRODUCTION

Alchemy Urban Systems in collaboration with Raipur Municipal Corporation, and supported by GIZ organized the III City Sanitation Task Force meeting on June 17, 2011 at the Government Circuit House, Raipur. The main objective of the meeting is to present the draft recommendations for improving the city-wide sanitation in Raipur to the CTF members and to take their consent prior to the finalization of the City Sanitation Plan for Raipur.

Participants of the III City Task Force Meeting in Raipur

WELCOME ADDRESS

The meeting was unveiled by a welcome address by Sri S K Sundarani, Deputy Commissioner, RMC. He extended a warm welcome to all the CTF members present at the meeting.

Sri Sundaraniji acknowledged the fact that collaborative efforts were vital to improve the sanitation situation of the City. He further recognized the validity of the City Sanitation Plan Document and emphasized on the discussions of the proposals put forward in the document.

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ROLLOUT OF THE PROGRAM

The program furthered with a round of self-introductions by all the participants, followed by the keynote address by the Honorable Mayor, Smt KiranMayi Nayak. Smt Kiran Mayi Nayak extended her appreciation of the efforts of GIZ and its consultant team in improving the sanitation situation of Raipur City. Smt Nayak introduced the eight (8) key issues identified by the technical team. She further acknowledged the City’s role at the vanguard in steering the efforts towards implementation of the proposals as per the City Sanitation Plan. She requested the CTF members to give their comments and remarks on the key issues and subsequent recommendations that are being presented by the consulting team.

Sri Sanjay Srivastava stressed on the importance of citizen’s involvement in the planning, implementation and operation & maintenance of the sanitation infrastructure. It was broadly agreed that community awareness focusing on the benefits of better sanitation practices is a vital component of the City Sanitation Plan. He further emphasized that all steps shall be ensured to secure people’s participation at all levels of the City Sanitation Plan. Ward-wise dissemination of the information was advocated for and also proposed efforts in collaboration with Raipur Municipal Corporation to promote community involvement.

Ms Regina Dube, GIZ, extended a warm welcome to all participants. She articulated the broad goals and vision of the City Sanitation Plan. She emphasized on the premises that GIZ is a mere facilitator of the process of preparation of the City sanitation Plan, however, the City led by RMC shall assume the ownership of the City sanitation Plan and drive all efforts to ensure the development of the sanitation infrastructure as well operate and maintain it in a sustainable manner as indicated in the City sanitation Plan. She further

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underscored the role of RMC to create and improve the acceptance level amongst citizens for the sanitation infrastructure that shall be developed.

PRESENTATION ON CITY SANITATION PLAN – DRAFT CSP

Ms Neelima Thota, Technical Consultant, presented the first draft of the City Sanitation Plan highlighting the eight (8) key issues with respect to the sanitation of the city, in association with Mr Ramana Gudipudi, GIZ. The presentation primarily focused on the key issues and the corresponding rationale and recommendations. It was communicated that the design period was 30 yrs and the plan was designed to be implemented in phases

The following points were discussed in the presentation:

• Vision o All households have individual toilets o All public places have access to toilets o Improvement in the quality of drinking water supplied per the norms o All waste water generated in the city is collected, conveyed, treated and disposed o All solid waste generated in the city is collected, conveyed, treated and disposed o Sanitation system adopted shall be socially, environmentally & economically sustainable o Sound Institutional and Governance Systems o Ensuring occupational safety and health

• Guiding Principles o Equity o Sustainability – Environmental & Economical o Transparency o Local adaptability o Improved public Health & Environment o Inclusive Growth

• Timeline o Design period – 30 yrs o Phases – Immediate, short-term, mid-term and long-term

• Strategy & Planning Approach o Articulation of goals for the city o Identification of Key Issues at the city level o Outlining the rationale for the key issues o Formulate the recommendations to abate the key issues o Define the action plans – technical, financial, institutional & governance, community

awareness & capacity enhancement; and inclusive approach

• Goals

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o 100% coverage of services o 100% accessibility to services o 100% affordability of services o 100% technical efficiency o 100% compliant to rules & regulations o Promotion of 3R principle o Good public health & environment o Efficient cost-recovery mechanism

• Key Issues o Inadequate & deficiently designed, operated & managed individual and community toilets

in the urban poor areas resulting in open defecation & severe health impacts o Indiscriminate dumping of solid waste in open areas and storm water drains and

unscientific management of the dump sites receiving the waste from the entire city & lack of treatment and ultimate disposal

o Higher risk due to improper septic tanks & septage management leading to contamination of water bodies/water supply distribution system and incidences of water borne diseases

o The existing sewer network in Raipur is under-utilized and the willingness of households to get connected is low

o The existing sewage treatment system consisting of 7 oxidation ponds is defunct and the total sewage generated in the city is untreated

o Sub-standard quality of water supplied or accessed in several areas in the city o The existing institutional and governance framework of RMC is not equipped adequately

to administer the sanitation development and management services o Existing financial management system doesnot meet the demands of the current and future

sanitation requirements

• Rationale and Recommendations for the highlighted Key Issues

GROUP DISCUSSION

The presentation on each key issue, its rationale and recommendations was followed by a discussion session moderated by Ms Neelima Thota and and Mr Ramana Gudipudi, GIZ. This session witnessed an active participation by all CTF members in discussing the validity of the highlighted key issues plaguing the city and the corresponding recommendations.

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The CTF members suggested few corresponding actions to be taken to improve the sanitation situation.

Broadly it was observed that incorporation of citizens’ views in the preparation of CSP was advocated by the majority of the participants. Community participation, involvement of schools as a medium of awareness generation was also stressed upon. It was also recognized that open defecation was the most concerning issue the city was facing and especially the open defecation near the water bodies.

CTF members also acknowledged the shortcomings in the existing institutional & governance structure as well as the financial mechanisms.

CTF members also put forward the need for revamping the contract management system in RMC, advocated the paradigm shift to decentralized services in waste water management as well as solid waste management sectors. The proposal of promotion of shared toilets in the city was well accepted by the CTF members. The several recommendations presented during the meeting were well received by the CTF members.

ADDRESS BY COMMISSIONER, RMC

Sri R S Toppo, Commissioner RMC, thanked all the participants of the meeting - several officers of

Raipur Municipal Corporation, the councilors of wards, representatives of several NGO’s,

Educational Institutions, and other Nodal agencies. He stressed on the fact that proper planning is required to change the sanitation situation in Raipur and assured his full cooperation in achieving

goals of the National Urban sanitation Policy with respect to the City of Raipur. Mr. Toppo

informed that the Raipur Municipal Corporation will organize a series of consultations with the

local councilors, the civil society and the RWA’s in due course of time for their comments and

suggestions on the draft City Sanitation Plan and will send further queries/clarifications and

suggestions to GIZ for the finalization of the City Sanitation Plan. He thanked all the participants

of the CTF meeting for their active contribution and GIZ for their valuable contribution in the

preparation of the City Sanitation Plan for Raipur.

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CLOSING REMARKS & ARTICULATING THE WAY FORWARD

Post the issue identification and discussion forum by the participants, It was communicated that city sanitation task force comprising of the members from all sections of the society would submit their valuable and timely feedback on the draft City Sanitation Plan to the Raipur Municipal Corporation to enable the technical team to finalize the City Sanitation Plan.

VOTE OF THANKS

Ms Regina Dube thanked all the invitees and participants for their valuable time and contribution during the IIIrd CTF meeting. She further requested the CTF members, especially the office bearers of RMC, to present their feedback on the draft CSP in a timely manner so as enabling the finalization of the CSP document per the planned time horizon.

ANNEXURES

Annexure I: Registration Form

Annexure II: Executive Summary

Annexure III: Power Point Presentation – City level Strategy, Raipur

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ANNEXURE I: REGISTRATION FORM

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ANNEXURE II: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1.1 Key Issue 1

Inadequate and deficiently designed, operated & managed individual and community toilets in

the urban poor areas resulting in open defecation and severe health impacts

FIGURE 1: AREAS WITH OPEN DEFECATION

1.1.1.1 RATIONALE FOR KEY ISSUE 1(REF: SECTION 3.5 & SECTION 5.3; 5.6 - STATUS REPORT)

A total of fifty-seven (57) percent of the urban poor population in the city defecates in the open of which twenty (20) percent of the urban poor population has no access to any toilets; Eight (8) percent of the urban poor population that has access to community toilets, fourteen (14) percent of the urban poor population with access to individual toilets

and fifteen (15) percent of the urban poor population with access to both individual and community toilets, still resorts

to open defecation; (Refer to Chapter 3.4 in Status Report). There is one toilet seat per every 463.5 urban poor users as compared to the national norms of 1 toilet seat per 50 users. Though there are 112 toilet complexes in the

city, thirty (30) percent of the community toilets are shut down during the summer owing to lack of water supply to

operate and maintain the facilities. The restricted timings (8 am – 8 pm) in the community toilets is also forcing the

people to defecate in open. The toilets designed are neither gender sensitive nor handicapped and elderly users

friendly. Family cards restricting 5 users from a family where the average household size is 7 are issued for usage of

the community toilets forces the extra members to defecate in open. It is reported that there were 627 cases of water borne diseases in the city as a result of poor sanitation and unhygienic conditions in the city (Ref: Table 5.8 in Status report). There is lack of proper monitoring mechanisms from the municipal corporation ensuring adequate

service delivery. Financial mechanisms are also inadequate to support new service provisions and continued service

delivery.

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1.1.1.2 RECOMMENDATION FOR KEY ISSUE 1

Coverage

� It is proposed that a detailed survey be undertaken by RMC to ascertain the exact numbers and locations of the facilities in each ward along with conditional assessment study of the facility structure and its functioning. (Ref: Section 2.6.4.1.1.1, Sector Specific Strategy for Access of Toilets) RMC may release a notice to invite expression of interest from several service providers to prepare a DPR for the rehabilitative and up-gradation works of the toilets; and subsequently a tender shall be floated for the development services.

� It is recommended to rehabilitate and upgrade the existing toilet facilities in the wards listed below that are in need of repairs and which have inadequate capacity and design to handle the expected demand in the urban poor areas in compliance to established design standards (Ref: Section 2.6.2, Sector Specific Strategy for Access of Toilets);

1 2 4 7 9 12

13

14

25

27

29

30

31

32

34

35

41

43

44

46

51

52

57

62

63

68

69

CRITICAL AREA

� It is recommended to rehabilitate and upgrade the existing community toilet facilities on a Rehabilitate, Operate and Transfer (ROT) basis on a People Public Private Participation (PPPP1) mode in the immediate phase with a horizon of year 2014 (Ref: Section 2.6.4.1.1.2.2, Sector Specific Strategy for Access of Toilets);

� RMC shall assist in the construction of new shared toilets in densely populated areas at the rate of one (1) toilet for every five (5) households through micro-financing in areas lacking the basic services in the immediate and short-term phase with a horizon of year 2021;

� Promote mobile toilets as the accepted model for community toilets and look into the possibility of developing the community toilets as microenterprises for the communities to operate and manage (Ref: Section 2.6.4.2, Sector Specific Strategy for Access of Toilets);

Operation & Maintenance

� It is recommended to establish a dedicated unit for Toilets Sector under the Sanitation Department (Please refer to Figure 1 in section 1.5.7.2) to streamline the design, construction, operation & maintenance processes within the sector with regular O&M training programs for the community and regular helpline (Ref: Section 2.6.4.2.1, Sector Specific Strategy for Access of Toilets);

� Awareness generation campaigns shall be conducted to propagate the benefits of better hygienic and sanitation practices and encourage the residents to adopt toilet facilities through financially sustainable mechanisms and cross-subsidy mechanisms (Ref: Section 1.6.4, City Level Strategy Document);

� Municipal Bye-Laws shall be developed to encourage "Water Reuse Strategy," for utilization of the recycled water in the operation and maintenance of the toilet facilities; punitive measures shall be enforced to discourage the open defecation practices; Building codes enforced to adopt the prescribed design standards for toilets;

� RMC shall develop and institutionalize the MIS system to document and map the system. An asset register shall be maintained and the computerized maintenance management plan shall emphasize on the preventive and corrective maintenance; this system shall track all maintenance activities in addition to facilitating a central repository of areas of complaints and general maintenance (Refer to Section 2.6.4.1.1.2.5/2.6.4.2.1.2.5 - Sector Specific Strategy for Access of Toilets

Financial Mechanisms

� Sector Specific budgets shall be established; and the dedicated Toilet Sector Unit under the Sanitation Department shall develop the costs and the tariff structures in consultation with the Finance & Accounts Department and the Strategic Communications Cell (working closely with the communities on area up gradation plans) in order to foster efficient cost recovery mechanisms;

1 In the PPPP mode, people shall be treated as customers rather than as beneficiaries and hence shall contribute towards both the capital and O&M investments as far as possible. People shall also be actively involved in the O&M activities leading to an enhanced sense of ownership and ultimate sustainability. The capital investment may also be in the form of labor, material as well.

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ESTIMATED COST FOR IMPLEMENTING THE RECOMMENDATIONS ADDRESSING THIS KEY ISSUE:

INR 65.00 CRORES

1.1.2 Key Issue 2

Indiscriminate dumping of solid waste in open areas and storm water drains and unscientific

management of the dump sites receiving the waste from the entire city and lack of treatment and

ultimate scientific disposal

FIGURE 2: AREAS WITH OPEN DUMPING OF SOLID WASTE

1.1.2.1 RATIONALE FOR KEY ISSUE 2 (REF: SECTION 3.4.4 & SECTION 5.5 - STATUS REPORT) Inadequate solid waste management system wherein only eight (8%) percent of the city population is served by the door to door collection (DTDC) of the waste and eighteen (18%) percent of the city population is served by the secondary collection system, however, seven (7) percent continues to dispose the solid waste in open areas despite the

provision of the bins due to the lack of awareness of adverse impacts of unsanitary practices. The existence of excessive lengths of uncovered drains allows the waste from open areas to flow into the open drains eventually during

rains. Only ward no.s 31 and 32 have good coverage of services with respect to collection of solid waste, both

primary and secondary. The number of dumper placers and tipper trucks required for the existing population

requirements is 39 and 60 respectively; however, RMC is in possession of only seven (7) dumper placers and twenty-

one (21) tipper trucks which is grossly inadequate for the service delivery. There are 84 markets and 145 community

waste depots, however the deficiency in dumper placer fleet by 30 no.s does not ensure the daily lifting of waste in

the market areas. This leads to waste disposal in the open areas and open drains ultimately. The waste from the entire

city that reaches the designated dump site is not handled through engineered scientific sanitary landfill. The waste is

disposed without any treatment and hence the leachate percolates down contaminating the groundwater resources;

The lack of municipal by-laws to enforce the rules and regulations and the absence of a regulatory framework to

penalize the violators also contributes to this adverse situation; the weak institutional framework and the Inadequate

staff to implement, monitor and evaluate the systems in place or develop appropriate systems to serve the city only

add to the unhygienic conditions; the financial mechanism is also non-supportive to the improvement of service delivery

due to the lack of cost recovery strategies in place.

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1.1.2.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR KEY ISSUE 2 Coverage

� RMC shall facilitate and ensure the tender process for the approved SWM DPR is finalized with immediate effect to initiate the processes of segregation at source, door to door collection, secondary collection, transport, treatment and disposal in a planned manner as a BOOT project in the PPPP mode, that will enable 100% coverage of services;

Service Delivery

� In order to promote the system of segregation at source, RMC shall provide the bins for storage at source to all low income group settlements and all slum level settlements for free, and additionally subsidize the bins for the middle income group settlements. This shall encourage the adoption of the system easily and also ensure the establishment of the system in a short span of time. There shall however be a refundable deposit collected from all the beneficiaries; (Ref: Section 2.6.3, Sector Specific Strategy for Solid Waste Management)

Operation & Maintenance

� It is proposed to coordinate with the storm water management department and prioritize the activity of the covering of storm water drains during the implementation of the storm water management DPR; additionally, as a standard practice all storm water drains shall be provided with grates that shall obstruct the flow of solid waste into open drains

� It is recommended to establish a dedicated unit for Solid Waste Sector under the Sanitation Department (Please refer to Figure 1 in section 1.5.7.2) to streamline the design, construction, operation & maintenance processes

within the sector; personnel management system & Sanitation worker’s training program shall be implemented to

conduct occupational safety and health training campaigns to educate the sanitary workers with respect to the benefits of adopting best operating practices; (Ref: Section 2.6.3, Sector Specific Strategy for Solid Waste

Management)

� Municipal Bye-Laws shall be developed to encourage the residents to adopt the practices of solid waste reduce, reuse and recycle; Regulatory Mechanisms (polluter pays) shall be enforced to discourage open dumping of waste;

� Awareness generation campaigns shall be conducted to propagate the benefits of better hygienic and sanitation practices and encourage the residents to adopt solid waste management systems through financially sustainable mechanisms and cross-subsidy mechanisms (Ref: Section 1.6.4, City Level Strategy Document);

� RMC shall develop and institutionalize the MIS system to document and map the collection & transportation system. An asset register shall be maintained and the computerized maintenance management plan coupled with comprehensive M &E system shall emphasize on the preventive and corrective maintenance; this system shall track all maintenance activities in addition to facilitating a central repository of areas of complaints and general maintenance. (Refer to Section 2.6.4.1.1.2.5/2.6.4.2.1.2.5 - Sector Specific Strategy for Access of Toilets)

Financial Mechanism

� It is recommended to initiate the CDM process immediately after the concessionaire commences the project to avail the CDM revenue benefits that shall substantially contribute towards both the O&M and Capital Investment recovery;

� An elaborate and commercially viable compost marketing strategy shall be developed in order to ensure the sustainability of the operations of the treatment plant; the strategy shall mitigate the risks of technology and financial barriers;

� The design of a proficient solid waste resource recovery and recycle management approach to enable greater revenue generation both in national and international markets; a mutually beneficial revenue sharing model may be established between RMC and the concessionaire;

� Sector specific budgets shall be established; and the dedicated Solid Waste Sectoral Unit under the Sanitation Department shall develop the costs and the tariff structures in consultation with the Finance & Accounts Department and the Strategic Communications Cell (working closely with the communities on area up gradation plans) in order to foster efficient cost recovery mechanisms. Impact benefit tax is also proposed to be levied on properties where services are provided (Ref: Section 1.6.2.3 & Table 1.6.2-4, City Level Strategy Document;


INR 204.03 CRORES

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1.1.3 Key Issue 3

Higher risk due to improper septic tanks and septage management leading to contamination of

water bodies/water supply distribution system and incidences of water borne diseases

FIGURE 3: AREAS AFFECTED BY IMPROPER SEPTIC TANKS & SEPTAGE MANAGEMENT

1.1.3.1 RATIONALE FOR KEY ISSUE 3 (REF: SECTION 3.4.2 & SECTION 5.4.3 - STATUS REPORT) The sewage management system is deficient in city of Raipur which is evident from the fact that roughly 54% of the

properties are connected to unscientifically designed septic tanks and the overflow from which is disposed into the

open drainage channels / opens areas / nallas ultimately draining into the natural water bodies or polluting the

groundwater. There is no established system in place to approve and certify the designs of the septic tanks adopted by

the households. The water quality samples in the distribution system shows abnormal levels of E-coli contamination as

high as 2400 (MPN). Further, there is also presence of nitrates in higher concentration in the drinking water compared

to the trace amounts found in the treated water at the water treatment plant. This indicates the ingress of pollutants in

the distribution system. It’s a fact that the nearly 52% of households use septic tanks as means of disposal and a major

proportion of the effluents end up in water bodies though the roadside drains. As the water supply lines run along the

road side drains and the operation being intermittent in nature the drain water easily finds its way into the drinking

water pipes there by contaminating the water. This also evident from the prevalence of water borne diseases in Raipur

as reported in the City hospital (Ref: Table 5.8, Status report). Proper disposal of septic tank effluent has to be looked

into to prevent the contamination through this pathway. There are about 130000 septic tanks in Raipur and this would

require about 120 suction lorries to be pressed into service on a daily basis to empty the septic tanks once annually.

This is in stark contrast to the presence of only 2 such suction Lorries in possession of RMC; Manual Scavenging is also a major issue

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� It is recommended that a detailed survey be undertaken by RMC to ascertain the exact numbers and locations of the properties connected to Septic Tanks along with conditional assessment study of the septic tank structure and it’s functioning.

� A detailed ground water quality mapping exercise has to be undertaken to understand the magnitude of the problem. Once the spatial distribution of the septic seepage problem is identified suitable rehabilitation measures have to put in place to prevent the infiltration. In case of proposed sewer lines in the areas under the current DPR a suitable phase out strategy has to be devised. RMC may release a notice to invite expression of interest from several service providers to prepare a DPR for the rehabilitative and up-gradation works of the septic tanks; and subsequently a tender shall be floated for the development services as part of the sewerage services development works.

Service Delivery

� The existing septic tanks shall be integrated into the new decentralized system where septic tanks shall act as settling tanks (pre-treatment units) and the liquids shall be transported through the simplified sewer network to the decentralized unit for further secondary treatment and removal of pathogens;

� The septage clearance as part of the septage management system shall be institutionalized and carried out regularly (every year or two years) as per RMC schedules through private service providers to prevent the overflows and malfunctioning of the units;

Operation & maintenance

� The existing STP locations may be utilized for the construction of sludge drying beds to treat the fecal sludge in the immediate phase and the compost thus developed may be used for agricultural purposes and shall be a means of revenue ;

� In the long-term, the fecal sludge treatment may be integrated with the organic waste treatment component of the solid waste management system as part of the composting units / waste to energy plants to optimize the operational expenses and maximize the benefits both environmentally and financially;

� Septic tank & Septage management shall be a part of the dedicated unit for Sewerage Sector under the

Sanitation Department (Please refer to Figure 1 in section 1.5.7.2); personnel management system & Sanitation worker’s training program shall be implemented to conduct occupational safety and health training campaigns to educate the sanitary workers with respect to the benefits of adopting best operating practices;

� Certified Plumber Training Program shall enable certified plumbers to help residents integrate their septic tanks into the decentralized /centralized waste water systems;

� Awareness generation campaigns shall be conducted to propagate the benefits of better hygienic and sanitation practices and encourage the residents to adopt solid waste management systems through financially sustainable mechanisms and cross-subsidy mechanisms (Ref: Section 1.6.4, City Level Strategy Document);

� Municipal Bye-Laws and building codes shall be developed that shall mandat e that septic tanks shall not be approved as a sewerage management technique/option for all new developments and constructions in the areas falling under the current DPR where sewer lines are recommended; Regulatroy oversight mechanisms to penalize the citizens violating the establishing regulation and standards;

� Maintain asset registry for septage management as part of the MIS system for the sewerage management and the computerized maintenance management plan coupled with comprehensive M &E system shall emphasize on the preventive and corrective maintenance; this system shall track all maintenance activities in addition to facilitating a central repository of areas of complaints and general maintenance. (Refer to Section 1.6.3 - Sector Specific Strategy for Sewerage Management);


� The dedicated Sewerage Sectoral Unit under the Sanitation Department shall develop the costs and the tariff structures as part of the sewerage tariff and tax in consultation with the Finance & Accounts Department and the Strategic Communications Cell (working closely with the communities on area up gradation plans) (Ref: Section 1.6.2.3, City Level Strategy Document;

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INR 68.00 CRORES

1.1.4 Key Issue 4

The coverage of centralized sewer network in Raipur is insufficient and the willingness of

households to get connected low

FIGURE 4: SEWERAGE DISPOSAL MECHANISM IN THE VARIOUS WARDS

1.1.4.1 RATIONALE FOR KEY ISSUE 4 (REF: SECTION 3.4.2 & SECTION 5.4 - STATUS REPORT) The total sewer length of the conveyance network system is 55.97 km while the total road network length in the city

sums up to 980.2 km; this result into coverage of 12.6% (Tab. 1.3-3-Sector Specific Strategy for Sewerage Management) as opposed to 100% as required by the SLB. Sewage disposal through centralized sewer is mainly

prevalent in ward 47 and 48 whereas in other wards it is negligible (Status Report, Chart 5.4.4). The current sewer

system drains towards the North where two treatment plants are located. Consequently the wastewater from the

southern belt is to be pumped over a ridge, which forms the centre of Raipur city Due the topography five pumping

stations are required in the South and West to pump wastewater over the ridge (Map 5.1). Currently none of the pumping stations is frequently operated. The surveys reveal that currently 3500 households are connected to the existing sewerage network whereas 54% of the population is served by onsite systems preferably septic tanks. About

42% of the population in the city lacks any system of disposal of the sewage generated (Map 5.6). There is no legal arrangement on State or on city level to enforce the connectivity of households as well as a severe lack of incentives

and frameworks to motivate the citizens to adopt systems and instigate the participatory approach further the

condition. Inadequate staff to implement, monitor and evaluate the current system and for developing an appropriate

systems to serve the city. As to the existing city budget there is no dedicated head for maintenance and operation of

the conveyance system.

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� Assessment of status for the existing sewer system shall be investigated before the tender of the current DPR is issued. Hence the repair of the current system could be embedded into the tender of the new system or is to be tendered separately.

� Gradual development of sewer system; the DPR for the new sewerage system recommends 100% coverage, however the peripheral areas are exempted in its plan translating to a coverage of only 80% of the city area. This requires high capital investment and there is no provisional arrangement in the DPR to allow a stepwise development in particular for peripheral areas with currently low population density (Map

2.1). A gradual development is recommended in order to break down the capital cost into smaller packages. Furthermore it would allow the operator/RMC to gradually adapt its institutional capacities for O&M to the new extended tasks. In addition the cost for O&M can be gradually earmarked and/or adjusted within the sector-specific budget for sewerage management.

� New zoning of Raipur city; in order to gradually develop the sewer system of Raipur city it is suggested to create zones based on topography and existing/future population densities. The center of Raipur city is located on a plateau, which provides a natural gradient. This gradient should be strategically used to reduce the number of pumping stations and wards located on the ridge should be preferably chosen for the centralized system. Based on the current (Ref: Map1 – City Level Strategy) and predicted density pattern of the city wards (Ref: Map-2, Map-3 & Map-4 – City Level Strategy), the areas earmarked for centralized and decentralized systems are recommended; (Ref: Fig. 11 – City Level Strategy) The peripheral areas will be provided with decentralized or onsite solution and maybe converted to a centralized system at a later stage.

Connectivity � Municipal bye-law is to be introduced to make connectivity mandatory for grounds situated in a defined

distance from the next sewer line. Grounds, with exceeding distance maybe allowed installing onsite systems. Connectivity applies for all black or greywater outlets. The households within the existing coverage areas of the existing centralized sewerage network shall be connected to the system in the immediate phase with a horizon of year 2014;

� Connection fee; each ground will be provided with a nominal connection fee, which is to be reinvested into the system (either for capital investment not for running cost). Connection for lower income groups will be subsidized.

� Training for plumber certificate; the connection will be undertaken by certified plumper, who is authorized by RMC. This in order to avoid wrong connections (e.g. to the water supply line) or connection of storm water drains to the system. Training courses for the plumber is to be organized by RMC.

Operation and Maintenance

� Asset register shall be institutionalized to run and maintain the drainage system based on factors like pipe material and age.

� Awareness generation campaigns shall be conducted to propagate the benefits of better hygienic and sanitation practices and encourage the residents to connect to the existing and proposed network through financially sustainable mechanisms and cross-subsidy mechanisms;

� Maintenance squad shall be developed under the technical wing of RMC comprising of a dedicated team of engineers and laborer to handle the O&M of the system. Sophisticated instrumentation is to be provided as enumerated in Table 1.6-10-Sector Specific Strategy for Sewerage Management. comprehensive M&E system shall be devised and implemented in order to ensure the compliance of the systems to the prescribed rules and regulations; a quality MIS shall assist the M&E system (Ref: 1.6.3 - Sector Specific Strategy for Sewerage Management).

� The policy reform cell shall introduce several regulatory and governance initiatives that shall encourage

residents to adopt the systems developed and support RMC in the O&M (Ref: Table 1.9-1 - Sector Specific

Strategy for Sewerage Management).

� Sector specific budgets shall be established; and the dedicated Solid Waste Sectoral Unit under the Sanitation Department shall develop the costs and the tariff structures in consultation with the Finance & Accounts Department and the Strategic Communications Cell (working closely with the communities on area up gradation plans) in order to foster efficient cost recovery mechanisms. Impact benefit tax is also proposed to

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be levied on properties where services are provided (Ref: Section 1.6.2.3 & Table 1.6.2-4, City Level Strategy

Document;


INR 573.08 CRORESKey Issue 5

The existing sewage treatment system consisting of 7 oxidation ponds is defunct and the total

sewage generated in the city is untreated

FIGURE 5: LOCATION OF EXISTING AND PROPOSED STP'S AND PROBLEM AREAS

1.1.4.3 RATIONALE FOR KEY ISSUE 5 (REF: SECTION 3.4.2 & SECTION 5.4.3 – STATUS REPORT)

In the entire city only three (3) percent of the total population is connected to the municipal sewer network system

and the corresponding sewage generated i.e., 3.71 MLD remains untreated. Owing to the inability of RMC to pay

their electricity dues, the electrical connection to the pumping stations has been withdrawn resulting in their

dysfunctionality. This in turn renders the oxidation ponds defunct since the waste does not reach the oxidation ponds.

The inactivity of pumping stations / shutting of sluice gates has resulted in the backflow of sewage to storm water

drains and hence leading to pollution. However, Daldal Seoni Pumping Station is in a better running condition

compared to other pumping stations and with the use of DG sets it pumps the sewage into the Daldal Seoni Oxidation

Pond but there is no treatment of the sewage performed due to lack of technically qualified manpower to maintain

and run the facility. Lack of financial sustainability systems in RMC has contributed majorly to this situation besides the

weak institutional and governance framework. There is no monitoring and evaluation mechanism in place that enforces

the State Environmental agency’s rules and regulations and the regulatory oversight.

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1.1.4.4 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR KEY ISSUE 5 Service Delivery

� As an immediate measure it is recommended that the contract of O&M of the Pumping Stations and the existing STP’s shall be awarded to a Private Service Provider (PSP) on Rehabilitate Operate Transfer (ROT) Basis until the new system is in place. This is would allow a substantial amount of time to RMC to build its corpus and the institutional arrangement required to monitor and evaluate the systems. RMC shall perform an assessment of the current status of the treatment system before the contract is awarded;

� Revised Approach - The DPR divides the city into 3 Divisions with a dedicated STP for each location. Besides the two existing locations in the North one more location will be provided in the West. No STP is considered for the South as well as North-West where the land generally slopes towards and consequently the DPR suggests the construction of additional 13 pumping stations; It is recommended that an approach of a mix of centralized and decentralized sewerage management systems is adopted to minimize the number of pumping stations;

� In the immediate phase, It is proposed to provide decentralized waste water treatment systems in the following proposed Sewerage Zones and Wards – (Ref: 1.6.3.3 - Sector Specific Strategy for Sewerage

Management)

� Zone I – Ward No. 27, 28, 32, 43, 44, 45, 46 & 47

� Zone III – Ward No. 46, 51, 52 & 63

� A feasibility study shall be conducted in the remaining wards in the peripheral zones to ascertain the adaptability of decentralized waste water treatment systems .The development of a centralized sewerage system is capital intensive as well as technology intensive both in terms of construction as well as treatment it is recommended to adopt decentralized sewerage management systems to meet the demands of the growing population as well as the areas not served by the existing sewerage system in the long-term;

� It is recommended to initiate the rehabilitation and upgradation works of the existing sewage treatment plants; the existing STPS shall be upgraded in terms of technology to SBR technology considering the influent organic loading;

� Technical proposal presented in the DPR shall be adopted for the core city area and largely the inner-ring area, whereas pilot demonstration projects be taken up in the peripheral and outer ring areas of the city to connect to decentralized waste water treatment systems. The DPR may be modified to include the recommendations;

Operations & Maintenance

� It is recommended to establish a dedicated unit for Sewerage Sector under the Sanitation Department (Please refer to Figure 1 in section 1.5.7.2) and the technical wing and the O&M unit developed under this sectoral unit shall be manned by technically competent resources to handle O&M and M&E ;

� Regular training programs shall be conducted to upgrade the skills of the resources in technical and O&M wing; (Ref: 1.6.3.3 - Sector Specific Strategy for Sewerage Management)


� Cost Recovery mechanisms shall be institutionalized, impact benefit taxes shall be designed and imposed on the citizens to meet the capital as well as the O&M expenses and hence ensure the financial viability;


INR 222.98 CRORES

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1.1.5 Key Issue 6

Sub-standard quality of water supplied or accessed in several areas in the city

FIGURE 6: AREAS WITH WATERQUALITY ISSUES

1.1.5.1 RATIONALE FOR KEY ISSUE 6 (REF: SECTION 3.4.1.2 & SECTION 5.2.2 – STATUS REPORT)

The water quality samples in the distribution system shows abnormal levels of E-coli contamination as high as 2400 (MPN) due to the ingress of septage overflow into the water distribution system. It is reported that there were 627 cases of water borne diseases in the city as a result of poor sanitation and unhygienic conditions in the city. The water supply pipes/mains are laid in the open drains (sewer/storm water) causing contamination of the water; The

required horizontal and vertical clearances between sewer pipes and the water supply pipes are not maintained and

breakages in pipes causes contamination; The stand-posts and hand pumps are located very close to the sewer drains /

open storm water drains and In some cases the stand-posts are laid in the open drains (sewer/storm water) causing

contamination of the water; Indiscriminate dumping of solid waste / sewage in the open areas and ultimate pollution of

lakes / natural water bodies / ground water; Encroachment of lakes for bathing / regular sanitation purposes;


� It is recommended to conduct an assessment study to determine and map the Intersection points/locations of water-supply network and sewer/drainage network, locations where water supply pipes are in close proximity to sewer pipes in violation of provisions in CPHEEO Manual for water supply and locations of stand posts/hand pumps located in the sewer/open drains or in close proximity to the sewer/open drains; RMC may include the works of encasement of pipes, relocation of pipes/stand-posts/hand-pumps in the tender for the overall scope of work for the sewerage development works;

� Stringent Regulatory measures to prevent the dumping of solid waste in open areas and water bodies, septage and sewage overflow into the open areas, drains and water bodies ;

� Awareness generation campaigns shall be conducted to propagate the benefits of better hygienic and sanitation practices and discourage unhygienic practices;

� Comprehensive M&E systems to monitor the functioning of solid waste management, sewerage management and storm water management systems in order to prevent the contamination of water sources and supply system sue to the breakdown of the related services;

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� RMC shall adopt a goal of enacting policies in the next five years that, when fully implemented, will create a network of mechanisms of water supply distribution that shall help eradicate the issue of contamination of water supply

1.1.6 Key Issue 7

The existing Institutional and Governance Framework of RMC is not equipped adequately to

administer the sanitation development and management services

1.1.6.1 RATIONALE FOR KEY ISSUE 7 (REF: SECTION 8.1, 8.2, & 8.3, STATUS REPORT) The organizational structure is not conforming to the service requirements and service responsibility; Out of the twelve

(12) Executive Engineers’ positions sanctioned, fifty (50) percent are vacant, The Superintending Engineer’s position has

been vacant for a long time and the eight (8) positions out of the sanctioned twenty-three (23) positions of Assistant

Engineer are vacant; ; the short tenure of Municipal Commissioner, usually between 6 months and 3 years,

notwithstanding the long term nature of urban development projects and high frequency of transfers in the city

managements positions adversely affects the continuity and local accountability; The Public Health and Engineering

Department and Public Works Department lacks adequate support staff to operate and manage the existing system of

sanitation services and moreover are overloaded with several varying nature of tasks cutting across different sectors

of sanitation; there is a deficiency of experienced and specialized staff with in-depth knowledge of the management

system and lack of formal training in the sector also greatly hinders proper planning and design of management system.

The quality management information systems using GIS/MIS are also absent; Weak coordination among the various

departments involved in the operations and management; Chattisgarh is one of the 12 states that has initiated the

Municipal Model Law by devolving the responsibilities of city planning to the ULB, however, devolution of

corresponding powers and authorities has not been accomplished yet; Absence of community engagement and non-

adoption of participatory means in the planning, operations and management of the various sanitation services;

Absence of well-established e-governance structure; Lack of regulatory structures that enforce the established rules,

laws, bye-lwas, municipal and building codes;

1.1.6.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR KEY ISSUE 7

� The organizational re-structuring is recommended, please refer to Fig.7.

� It is recommended to create a sanitation department in RMC with sectoral units for each sanitation service – water Supply and Sewerage, Solid Waste and Toilets; Water Supply and Sewerage shall include the services of water supply, sewerage and storm water management; (Ref: Section 1.6.3 & 1.6.4; - City Level

strategy)

� Each sectoral unit shall be supported by a technical services unit (TSU) and an O&M unit; TSU shall be responsible for the design and constructions aspects; TSU shall handle the construction services in consultation with PWD, however, the accountability shall rest with the TSU. O&M unit shall be responsible and accountable for all O&M aspects;

� Corporatization of the sectoral units is advocated resulting in efficient business processes, specific business plans and financial operating plans, costing system and asset management systems for each sector; It is recommended to hire external expert consultants and establish e-governance structures for each sector with immediate effect;

� The staffing plan and strategy shall be evolved with the help of institution development experts in consultation with the sector-specific experts in both technical services and O&M services; the capacity enhancement strategy shall be dovetailed into these efforts;

� The technical services wing, within the dedicated Sectoral Unit sunder the Sanitation Department, shall develop the following documents in consultation with sector-specific experts, the ULB authorities and the State Agencies;–

� Design & construction manuals, O&M manuals, standard operating Procedures Manual and Best Management practices manual to ensure the performance levels and the service delivery levels at all stages of the infrastructure development and the operations & management thereafter; these documents

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� The strategic communication cell shall engage in employing various tools to encourage community participation in planning, design, construction & O&M services stages; this effort shall be reinforced by the policy reform cell which will institute participatory mechanisms;

� Policy reforms cell shall continually work in evolving mechanisms to develop accountable governance framework and Policy reforms shall be initiated to simples rules and incentives to encourage enhanced private participation and investment in infrastructure development projects;

� Regulatory mechanisms in each sector shall be developed to encourage citizen participation as well as proactive quality service delivery by the service providers; (please refer to the Annexures I – IV for more details)

� Performance linked incentive programs and M&E systems shall be developed;

� The ISIP developed shall be implemented with immediate effect;

� Steps shall be ensured to achieve the objects of the Model Municipal Law

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FIGURE 7: RECOMMENDED INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE


INR 1.50 CRORES

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1.1.7 Key Issue 8

Existing financial management system doesn’t meet the demands of the current and future

sanitation requirements

1.1.7.1 RATIONALE FOR KEY ISSUE 8 (REF: SECTION 8.4, STATUS REPORT) The Fiscal powers and authorities are still not devolved from the state government to local bodies; Chhattisgarh State

has initiated the implementation of MML partially; it has only shifted the city planning and service delivery to local

government and has not matched the functions with appropriate fiscal powers. The low capacity and lack of skilled

professionals in RMC to assume the financial responsibility; Insufficient local financial resources which reflects in the fact

that the total own source revenues aggregates to a mere twenty-two (22) percent of the total receipts. The total

expenditure of Water works department is INR 1367.34 Lakhs in 2009-10, while the recovery is only INR 754.18

Lakhs. The financial analysis of RMC for the period 2004 – 2010 reveals that the revenue expenditure of RMC in all

the years is more than the revenue income. Lack of administrative procedures that ensure financial data flow and

reporting and absence of internal and external controls and cost-effective and revenue generating mechanisms is

evident. User charge/tariff structuring and property tax is still vested with the state;


� Reengineer the business processes of the Finance & Accounts Department of RMC; (Ref: Section 1.6.3; - City Level strategy)

� Update the staff duties, skill sets and the job-descriptions; and correspondingly strengthen the dedicated professional capacity; ((Ref: Section 1.6.3 & 1.6.4; - City Level strategy)

� Institute efficient data management systems ensuring appropriate financial administration and reporting mechanisms;

� Ensure policy reforms to complete the decentralization process as per 74th CAA and the MML;

� Adopt accounting and budgetary standards as per the directive of C&AG – ‘Accounting and Budget Formats

for Local Bodies’

� Cost Effective mechanisms to be developed – integrate with other IT initiatives and leverage core technology infrastructure;

� Cost Recovery Mechanisms – increase tariffs once in every three years (40 % for water services, 50% for sewerage services, 50% for solid waste services and increase of connection fees by 25%)

� Tax and tariff reforms to be initiated;

� Implement proficient municipal auditing systems;

� Evolve robust contract management systems;

� Benchmarking and monitoring systems;


INR 01.10 CRORES

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ANNEXURE III: POWER POINT PRESENTATION – CITY LEVEL STRATEGY, RAIPUR

Documents

Minutes of Meeting III CTF Meeting 170611GIZ ASEM MINUTES OF MEETING – IIIRD CTF MEETING City Sanitation Plan for Raipur Alchemy Urban Systems (P) Ltd. 2 AGENDA 1030 Hrs – 1045