Mink Dissection of Muscles - Wikispaces · Advanced Biology Human Anatomy Mink Dissection of Muscles In this portion of our study of the Mink, we will be focusing on the muscular

Advanced Biology Human Anatomy

Mink Dissection of Muscles

In this portion of our study of the Mink, we will be focusing on the muscular system. These instructions tell you what muscles you are to identify and provide instructions on information you are expected to learn about those muscles. Additionally, these instructions will reference passages in the dissection manual that explain how to locate the muscles listed here.

The word “dissect’ means to separate; the blunt probe will be your most useful tool with occasional use of scissors. When dissecting, or separating muscles, you are tearing the deep fascia that lies between muscles. As your feel for separating muscles improves, you will develop a sense of when you are applying too much pressure and are likely tearing into a muscle. If you see individual, torn, muscle fibers (fascicles), that is an indication you have broken through the perimysium that surrounds each muscle; this is obviously undesirable.

You will quickly learn there is a good deal of variation in the dissection specimens. The muscles appear different colors, individual animals have varying amounts of superficial fascia (adipose/fat), the muscles differ in size and exact placement. It is highly recom- mended you study several different specimens to get a good sense of this variation. As your instructor, I will will provide as much support as I am able. You must do a good deal of the work on your own; it is not possible for me to complete the separation and identification of every muscle, on every specimen, for each team. I again stress the combined use of these instructions and the referenced passages in the provided dissection manuals to help you learn as much as possible on your own. You will be much more successful in learning the muscles if you utilize me to confirm your identifications and help you with only the most difficult to find muscles. There are several techniques I have found help students learn the muscles more easily and help them use that knowledge to develop an understanding of the function of the human body. Learn the muscles in antagonistic pairs; this step was begun by having you complete a table of antagonistic muscle pairs for each major body movement. Also learn the muscles based on their function in moving specific body parts. Find the origin and insertion of each muscle you are studying; you will be more confident of your identifications if you can follow the muscle to a correct origin and insertion as described in the dissection manual. Use the diagrams you are to complete as a tool to keep track of those muscles you have successfully identified, don’t simply label the diagrams at the start or end of the lab. Palpate, feel, the muscles on your own body, this reinforces the connection to human anatomy, helps you learn where the muscles are, and can be used as a study technique outside of the lab.



Part One: Superficial Muscles that Move the Arm and Shoulder

Action Prime Mover Text Page Reference for Origin and Insertion

Page Reference for the dissection manual “Photo

Manual Dissection

Guide”

Page Reference for the dissection manual “Human

Anatomy and Physiology”

Flex Shoulder Pectoralis major 312 21 - 22 141

Extend Shoulder

Latissimus dorsi 312 22 - 24

Abduct Arm Deltoid 313 38 - 40 143 -144

Adduct Arm Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi

312 312

21 - 22 22 – 24

141

Flex Arm Biceps brachii 315 52 - 53 147 -148

Extend Arm Triceps brachii 315 29 -30 146 -147

Flex Wrist Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis

316 317 317

31 - 32 148

Extend Wrist Extensor digitorum

318 41 - 42 147

Flex Fingers Flexor digitorum(s)

317 31 - 32 148

Extend Fingers

Extensor digitorum(s) 318 41 - 42 147



Pectoralis major

Pectoantebrachialis

Cut and Reflected

Medial Upper Arm

Biceps brachii

Triceps brachii

Head

(Anterior end)

Deltoid

Triceps brachii

Latissimus dorsi

Lateral Shoulder



Medial Lower Arm

Palmaris longus

Flexor digitorum

Flexor carpiradialis

Flexor carpiulnaris

Lateral side of lower arm

Head

(Anterior end)

Lateral Lower Arm

Extensor digitorums

Head

(Anterior end)



Dorsolateral Back

Latissimus dorsi

External obliques

Here is the triceps peeking

through ☺

Pectoralis major

Head

(Anterior end)

Pectoralis major

Pectoralis major Pec

toan

tebr

achi

ali s

Head

(Anterior end)

Ventral Chest



Part Two: Muscles that Move the Leg


Page Reference for the

dissection manual “Photo

Manual Dissection

Guide”

Page Reference for the

dissection manual “Human


Flex Leg Iliopsoas

322 33 - 35 150, 152

Extend Leg Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris

325 327

43 - 44 149 - 150

Abduct Leg Gluteus medius

325 43 - 44 149 - 150

Adduct Leg Adductor Muscles

324 33 - 35 150, 152

Flex Leg Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

327 327 327

43 – 44

66 - 67

149 - 150

Extend Leg Rectus femoris Vastus Muscles

324 324

56 – 58 66 - 67

150, 152

Dorsiflexion (Page 230)

Tibialis anterior 328 33 - 35 151, 153

Plantar Flexion (Page 230)

Gastrocnemius Soleus

331 331

33 - 35 151, 153

Flex Toes Flexor digitorum longus

331 33 - 35 153

Extend Toes Extensor digitorum longus

328 151



Lateral Deep Upper Leg

Bicep femoris cut & reflected

Vastuslateralis

Semitendinosis

Semimembranosis

Head

(Anterior end)

DorsoLateral Upper Hind Leg

Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius

Biceps femoris

Head

(Anterior end)

Vastuslateralis



Medial Deep Upper Leg

Rectusfemoris

Vastusmedialis

Head

(Anterior end)

Sartorius cut & reflected

Gracilis cut & reflected


Head

(Anterior end)

Semitendinosis

Semimembranosis

Medial Deep Upper LegAdductor femoris

Adductor longus

Quadraceps muscles


Sartorius cut & reflected



Lateral Lower Leg

Gastrocnemius Flexor digitorumlongus

Tibialisanterior

Head

(Anterior end)

Knee

Medial Lower LegTibialisanterior

Extensor digitorum

longusSoleus

Head

(Anterior end)

Knee



Part Three: Muscles that Move the Torso (Waist and Chest)



Manual Dissection

Guide”



Bend Forward (Flex)

Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique

306 306 306

22 - 24 142 - 143

Straighten or Bend Backward (Extend)

Erector spinae muscles (See Dorsal Neck Photo)

302 64 - 65

Rotate at Waist External oblique Internal oblique

306 306

22 - 24 142 - 143

Inhale External intercostals

304 50 - 51

Exhale Internal intercostals

304 50 - 51

Elevate Shoulders

Levator scapulae 311 143

Square Shoulders

Rhomboids 311 59 - 60 145 - 146



Dorsal Back

Erector spinae

BackboneBackbone Backbone Backbone

Head

(Anterior end)

Ventral Abdomen

Rectus abdominus

Internal obliques

External obliques

(reflected)

Head

(Anterior end)



Part Four: Muscles that Move the Neck and Face



Manual Dissection

Guide”



Bend Neck Forward (Flex)

Sternocleidomastoid 300 25 140, 117

Straighten or Bend Neck Backward (Extend)

Semispinalis & Longissimus

302

Smile

Zygomaticus 294 115

Frown (opposed to smile)

Includes Depressor anguli oris

295 115

Raise Eyebrows

Frontalis 294

“Scrunch” Eyebrows

Occipitalis 294

Close Mouth (Flex)

Masseter 296 27 141, 117

Open Mouth (Extend)

Digastric 298 25 140, 119



Ventral Deep Neck

Platysma cut & reflected

Trachea

Sterno(cleido)mastoid(eus)

Sternohyoid

Head

(Anterior end)

Dorsal Deep Neck

Trapezius cut & reflected

Levator scapulae

Head

(Anterior end)

Semispinalis &

Longissimus

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Mink Dissection of Muscles - Wikispaces · Advanced Biology Human Anatomy Mink Dissection of Muscles In this portion of our study of the Mink, we will be focusing on the muscular