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MINISTERY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYMINISTERY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYYANGON TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYYANGON TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
CE 4017 Airport EngineeringCE 4017 Airport Engineering
PRESENTER PRESENTER DAW KYAINGDAW KYAING
LECTURERLECTURERDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERINGDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
WEST YANGON TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYWEST YANGON TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
RUNWAYSRUNWAYS
Runway OrientationRunway Orientation
Runway OrientationRunway Orientation
Runways are always oriented in Runways are always oriented in the direction of prevailing windthe direction of prevailing wind
Aircraft not maneuver safely at Aircraft not maneuver safely at the wind contains a large the wind contains a large component at right angle to the component at right angle to the direction of traveldirection of travel
Right angle component of windRight angle component of wind
““Cross wind”Cross wind”
θ
V sin θ
Runway Center Line
v
V c
os θ
Wind Direction
θv
Cross Wind Component
Wind Rose DiagramWind Rose Diagram
velocity, direction, duration are represented by a velocity, direction, duration are represented by a diagram diagram “Wind Rose” “Wind Rose”
Use graphical procedure Use graphical procedure
to analyze the wind data for the to analyze the wind data for the determination of determination of the best runway orientationthe best runway orientation
Wind rose diagram wind covers angle 22.5 degreeWind rose diagram wind covers angle 22.5 degree
AssumeAssume wind come from any pt. within 22.5 wind come from any pt. within 22.5 degreedegree
DataData 5 to 10 years 5 to 10 years
Two MethodsTwo Methods
Method IMethod I
Method IIMethod II
Method IMethod I
Absence of wind velocity, not account Absence of wind velocity, not account for cross wind componentfor cross wind component
Not so accurate Not so accurate
Radial LineRadial Line Wind Direction Wind Direction
Frequency of wind is marked on radial Frequency of wind is marked on radial line (Scale)line (Scale)
Plotted pt. are joined by straight linePlotted pt. are joined by straight line
The best runwayThe best runway longest line on wind longest line on wind rose diagramrose diagram
Method IIMethod II
Wind dataWind dataDirection, Duration, IntensityDirection, Duration, IntensityCircle Circle Wind velocity Wind velocityRadial Line Radial Line Wind Direction Wind Direction% of frequency % of frequency appropriate appropriate
segmentsegmentV V < 6.4kmph (4mph) < 6.4kmph (4mph) “Calm Period” “Calm Period”Separate Circle Separate Circle Calm Period Calm Period
Typical Wind DataTypical Wind Data % of Wind s% of Wind s
DirectionDirection 6.4-15 6.4-15 15-3015-30 30-4730-47 TotalTotal
NN 3.63.6 -- -- 3.63.6
NNENNE 2.72.7 0.10.1 -- 2.82.8
NENE 6.56.5 1.01.0 0.30.3 7.87.8
ENEENE 4.34.3 0.70.7 -- 5.05.0
EE 6.96.9 3.03.0 0.40.4 10.310.3
ESEESE 2.12.1 0.10.1 -- 2.22.2
SESE 5.45.4 0.20.2 -- 5.65.6
SSESSE 2.62.6 0.30.3 -- 2.92.9
SS 8.08.0 0.20.2 -- 8.28.2
SSWSSW 5.35.3 0.40.4 -- 5.75.7
SWSW 6.16.1 1.01.0 0.20.2 7.37.3
WSWWSW 4.44.4 0.50.5 -- 4.94.9
WW 3.83.8 0.70.7 0.40.4 4.94.9
WNWWNW 6.76.7 0.90.9 -- 7.67.6
NWNW 7.47.4 0.30.3 -- 7.77.7
NNWNNW 3.93.9 0.20.2 -- 4.14.1
Calms PeriodCalms Period 0-6.40-6.4 9.4%9.4%
TotalTotal 100100
The best runway The best runway EW EW
Available wind coverage = 97% Available wind coverage = 97% > > 95%95%
O.KO.K
Another - EX. 1. (see page 145)Another - EX. 1. (see page 145)
Wind coverage = 95%Wind coverage = 95%
(i) cross wind component = 15kmph (i) cross wind component = 15kmph
The best runway orientation = ?The best runway orientation = ?
If insufficient wind coverage If insufficient wind coverage
Direction of optimal crosswind Direction of optimal crosswind runway = ?runway = ?
(ii) Crosswind runway orientation = 30(ii) Crosswind runway orientation = 30◦ ◦ to to 210210◦ ◦ ==> total wind coverage = ? ==> total wind coverage = ?
(i.e primary runway & crosswind runway)(i.e primary runway & crosswind runway)
The best runway orientation = 90The best runway orientation = 90◦◦ to to 270270◦◦
Runway designation = 9-27Runway designation = 9-27 Wind coverage = 90.8 % < 95%Wind coverage = 90.8 % < 95%
Therefore,Therefore, To determine To determine Secondary runway Secondary runway
(crosswind runway) (crosswind runway) Orientation = 12Orientation = 12◦◦ to 192 to 192◦◦
Additional wind coverage = 6.2%Additional wind coverage = 6.2% Total wind coverage for both primary & Total wind coverage for both primary &
crosswind runway = 90.8+6.2 = 97%crosswind runway = 90.8+6.2 = 97%
(ii) (ii) Crosswind runway orientation = 30Crosswind runway orientation = 30◦◦ to to
210210◦◦
Runway designation = 3-21Runway designation = 3-21
Wind coverage = 84.8 %Wind coverage = 84.8 %
Additional wind coverage = 5.8%Additional wind coverage = 5.8%
Primary Runway orientation =Primary Runway orientation =9090◦◦ to 270 to 270◦◦
Wind coverage for primary =90.8%Wind coverage for primary =90.8%
Total wind coverage for both = 90.8+5.8 Total wind coverage for both = 90.8+5.8 = 96.6%>95% (Fig. 6.13)= 96.6%>95% (Fig. 6.13)
THE ENDTHE END