Information and Knowledge Managementwww.iiste.org ISSN 2224-5758 (Paper) ISSN 2224-8!" (#nline) $ol.5% No.!% 2&'5 !8 Mining Event - Based Commonsense Knowledge from Web using NLP Techniues M.(a)es* +ssistant Professor% ,epartment of -omp.ter S/ien/e 0 1ngineering% K(S -ollege #f 1ngineering% $anda2asi% India ra)esmano3gmail./om K.4alas.5ramaniaswam6 +ssistant Professor% ,epartment of -omp.ter S/ien/e 0 1ngineering% K(S -ollege #f 1ngineering% $anda2asi% India 5al.sam62&&!3gmail./om S.+ra2ind* +ssistant Professor% ,epartment of -omp.ter S/ien/e 0 1ngineering% K(S -ollege #f 1ngineering% $anda2asi% India ara2ind*so.nder3gmail./om !bstract 7*ereallifeintelligentappli/ationss./*asagents%e8perts6stems%dialog.nderstandings6stems%weat*er fore/astings6stems%ro5oti/set/.mainl6fo/.son/ommonsense9nowledge+nd5asi/all6t*esewor9sont*e 9nowledge5ase w*i/* /ontains large amo.nt of /ommonsense 9nowledge. 7*e main intention of t*is wor9 is to /reate a /ommonsense 9nowledge 5ase 56 .sing an effe/ti2e met*odolog6 to retrie2e /ommonsense 9nowledge fromlargeamo.ntofwe5data.Inordertoa/*ie2et*e5estres.lts%itma9es.seofdifferentnat.rallang.age pro/essing te/*ni:.es s./* as semanti/ role la5eling% le8i/al and s6nta/ti/ anal6si. Ke"words;+.tomati/statisti/alsemanti/roletagger(+SS1(7)%le8i/o-s6nta/ti/patternmat/*ing%semanti/ role la5eling (S(1S) is a transport proto/ol t*at *as 5een proposed 56t*eI17>Signalling7ransport(SI?7(+N)wor9inggro.p@'A.#-M>1Sin*eritedm./*ofitsdesignfrom 7-P5.timpro2esse2eralfeat.restoma9eitssignaltransmissionmoreeffi/ient.>ore8ample%#-M>1Sis definedasanalternati2etransport proto/olfort*eSessionInitiationProto/ol (SIP).SIP isainternettelep*on6 signalling proto/ol @2A. +lt*o.g* it was initiall6 de2eloped for telep*one signalling% it is grad.all6 e8panded into a general-p.rpose transmission la6er. Nowada6s% #-M>1S is amat.re proto/ol standardi=ed in (>- 4!& @BA. M.lti-*omingisoneoft*efeat.rest*at#-M>1Snati2el6s.pports. 7*isfeat.rema9esitpossi5letoo5taina *ig* relia5ilit6 and ro5.stness against single interfa/e and networ9 fail.res. +n #-M>1S endpoint is /onsidered m.lti-*omed if t*ere aremore t*an one transport address t*at /an 5e .sed as a destination address to rea/* t*at endpoint.#-M>1S.sesanend-to-endwindow5asedflowand/ongestion/ontrolme/*anismsimilarto7-P @4A. #-M>1S /an s.pport m.lti-*oming and *as respe/ti2e /ongestion /ontrol for ea/* m.ltiple transport pat*s.-ongestion o//.rs w*en t*e amo.nt of data in)e/ted 56 so.r/es in t*e networ9 are larger t*an t*e amo.nt of data deli2ered to destinations.Similar to 7-P algorit*ms% #-M>1S .ses onl6 impli/it /ongestion information s./* dela6s or losses. -ongestion /ontrol /an 5e implemented as a distri5.ted /ontrol strateg6. Some me/*anisms li9e +/ti2e C.e.e Management (+CM)% e8e/.ted 56 ro.ters% dete/t /ongestion pro5lems and inform so.r/es (eit*er impli/itl6 or e8pli/itl6wit* t*e me/*anism of 18pli/it -ongestion Notifi/ation 1-N @5A). 7*ese te/*ni:.es are designedtored./epa/9etlossandt*eend-to-enddela6aswellastoimpro2enetwor9.tilit6.+n+CM algorit*mreg.latest*e:.e.elengt*56dropsDmar9sin/omingpa/9etwit*agi2enpro5a5ilit6relatedtoa /ongestion inde8 (s./* as :.e.e lengt* or dela6). Int*ispaper%ano2elratead).stmentmet*odisproposedtoimpro2e#-M>1S/ongestion/ontrol. Eere% /*ara/teristi/ of #-M>1S m.lti-*oming is /onsidered. In t*is /ase% two pat*s are /*osen as primar6 pat* andse/ondar6pat*5etweenea/*so.r/eandea/*destination.Int*isalgorit*m%5asedonan+/ti2eC.e.e Management(+CM)met*od%/ongestiononea/*ro.te/an5ea2oidedor/an5e/ontrolled56pro5a5ilit6of dropping.+lso%ro.ters/omp.tepro5a5ilit6of/ongestion%w*i/*isnamed/ongestiondegree%forea/*so.r/e onea/*pat*andfeed5a/9tot*eso.r/es.7*en%t*eso.r/es/anad).stt*eirsendingrateseffe/ti2el6onea/* ro.te 56 re/ei2ing t*e feed5a/9 from pat*s.+fter t*at% t*esenders /onsider /ondition ofpat* swit/* to pre2ent /ongestion. 7*e remainder of t*e letter is organi=ed as follows; main feat.res of #-M>1S are 5riefl6 introd./ed inSe/tion2.7*erelatedwor9saredis/.ssedinSe/tionB.Inse/tion4%t*eproposedalgorit*mispresented. Sim.lation res.lts are 5ro.g*t in Se/tion 5 and t*e paper is /on/l.ded in Se/tion !. Information and Knowledge Managementwww.iiste.org ISSN 2224-5758 (Paper) ISSN 2224-8!" (#nline) $ol.5% No.!% 2&'5 ! &$ 'verview of 'CM(E) -onne/tionin#-M>1S/alledanasso/iation.,ataaretransmittedin/*.n9sw*i/*area.nitof.serdataor /ontrolinformationwit*ina#-M>1Spa/9et/onsistingofaspe/ifi//*.n9*eaderandspe/ifi//ontents dependentofits.sage.M.lti-*omingisafeat.reof#-M>1S.4asedont*isfeat.re%anasso/iationma6 /omprisem.ltipleso.r/eanddestinationIPaddresses.,.ringasso/iationset.p%onepat*issele/tedast*e primar6 pat*% and pro2ided t*at t*is pat* is a2aila5le% all data are sent in t*is wa6. +n6 remaining pat*s ser2e as 5a/9.poralternatepat*s.#nt*esepat*s%onl6Eeart5eatpa/9etsaresentreg.larl6to/ontrolrea/*-a5ilit6. #ften%oneoft*ealternatepat*sisdefinedasase/ondar6pat*andretransmitteddataarepassedont*isro.te. 7*ese/ondar6pat*a2oidsadditionaland.nne/essar6/ongestionatt*eprimar6pat*.In#-M>1S%t*esender 9eeps an error /o.nter for t*e primar6 pat* w*i/* /o.nts t*e n.m5er of timeo.ts t*at o//.rs /onse/.ti2el6. If t*e error/o.nteroft*eprimar6pat*rea/*esasett*res*old%Pat*.Ma8.(etrans(PM()%t*eprimar6pat*is /onsidered .na2aila5le or .nrea/*a5le and a failo2er is performed.In /ase of a fail.re% #-M>1S s*o.ld :.i/9l6 swit/* t*e transfer to an alternate pat*% 5.t in /ase of mild /ongestion%it/ontin.esto.set*esamepat*.Ift*ese/ondar6pat*is.sedw*ent*eprimar6pat*fail.reis dete/ted%t*eprimar6pat*is.n.sa5leandt*ese/ondar6pat*is.sedast*eprimar6pat*.+lso%t*ene8t se/ondar6pat*issele/tedfromt*ealternati2epat*s.>ig.re's*owst*e#-M>1Sm.lti-*oming/on/ept. #-M>1S and 7-P s.pport t*e same set of /ongestion /ontrol algorit*ms. 7*e slow-start% /ongestion a2oidan/e% and t*e fast retransmit me/*anisms of #-M>1S *a2e 5een almost dire/tl6 in*erited from 7-P. +dditionall6% t*e .seofsele/ti2ea/9nowledgements(S+-K)%similarto7-PS+-K@!A%ismandator6in#-M>1S.Inm.lti-*oming mode% #-M>1S *as a separate set of /ongestion /ontrol parameters for ea/* of m.ltiple transport pat*s wit*in an asso/iation. *$ +elated Wor,s(es.lts of preliminar6 and in-dept* st.dies on 2ario.s feat.res of #-M>1S *a2e 5een reported in t*e literat.re. 7*e most st.dies *a2e 5een fo/.sed on t*e performan/e of #-M>1S in different sit.ations @7-A. Some efforts in#-M>1S/ongestion/ontrolwit*m.lti-*omingfeat.resareasfollows.,a*alandSai9ia@'&A*a2e represented an adaptation of an (77 5ased -ongestion -ontrol s/*eme on #-M>1S. 7*is eliminates drops d.e to/ongestion%de/reasespa/9etlaten/6andne/essar6pa/9etretransmissions.Int*ismet*od%5asedon(77 meas.rements%le2eloftraffi/load*a2e5een/omp.tedtoa2oiddri2ingt*enetwor9into/ongestion.+lso%a s/*eme*as5een/onsideredt*at#-M>1S/answit/*tot*ealternatepat*topre2ent/ongestion.+proto/ol named FiS1 *as 5een proposed 56 >ra//*ia and -*iasserini @''A. 7*is is a sender-side transport-la6er proto/ol t*at modifies t*e standard #-M>1S proto/ol t*ro.g* t*e .se of 5andwidt* estimation te/*ni:.es. FiS1 tries to inferw*et*erlossesared.eto/ongestionorradio/*annelerrors.7*eproto/ol/omp.tesa2aila5le5andwidt* for/.rrentpat*andanalternatepat*.Ift*e/.rrentpat*isse2erel6/ongestedandt*ealternatepat*islig*tl6 loaded%FiS1swit/*est*etransmissionontot*ealternatepat*.sing#-M>1SGsfle8i5lepat*management /apa5ilities.Eoand-*eng@'2A*a2eproposedanewen*an/ement#-M>1S/alled(#-M>1S((e/ei2er 4andwidt*1stimation#-M>1S)5asedonre/ei2er-sidea2aila5le5andwidt*estimation.(#-M>1S dis/riminateswirelesslossfrom/ongestionlosso2ererrorpronewirelesslin9565andwidt*estimation.7*is /*anges t*e prin/iple of Eeart5eat-(e:.est of #-M>1S to send Eeart5eat-(e:.est on primar6 pat* periodi/all6. (e/ei2ert*en.tili=est*einter2alofEeart5eat-(e:.estto/al/.latea2aila5le5andwidt*.+lso%w*enlossrate e8/eeds t*e ma8im.m pat* loss rate% primar6 pat* swit/*es immediatel6 to 9eep data transmission.+newpat*management(:.alit6-aware#-M>1S)*as5eenrepresented56-*enetal.@'BAfor wireless networ9s. 7*is in/l.des a new pat* fail.re dete/tion met*od and I-1 (idle pat* /ongestion window si=e estimation)me/*anism.7*enewmet*od.ses/6/le/o.ntingrat*ert*ansingle/o.ntingasinstandard #-M>1Stodete/tpat*fail.res.-6/le/o.ntingimpro2est*eoriginalpat*fail.redete/tionmet*odina wireless en2ironment. +lso% t*e I-1 me/*anism /an estimate t*e pat* :.alit6 and pro2ides information for pat* swit/*ing de/isions.-*en et al. @'4A *a2e 5een proposed a )itter-5ased /ongestion /ontrol s/*eme wit* end-to-end semanti/s o2er wired-wireless networ9s. 7*e new proto/ol% H#-M>1S adopts )itter ratio to differentiate wireless loss from /ongestionloss.4e/a.seofm.lti-*oming%differentpat*ss*o.ldmaintaint*eirparametersof)itterratiow*en transmittingt*ro.g*t*epat*.+2aila5le5andwidt*estimations/*emewill5eintegratedintot*eir/ongestion /ontrolme/*anismtoma9et*e5ottlene/9moresta5ili=ed.7*isst.d6isdifferentfromt*epre2io.sst.diesin /onsidering+CMmet*odfor#-M>1S.+lso%ro.tersinformt*esenderpro5a5ilit6of/ongestionforpat*sto ad).st itssending rates ont*e pat*s. Eere% t*e sending rateon ea/* pat* depends on its pa/9et loss rate and its pro5a5ilit6 of /ongestion. 4e/a.se t*ese /onditions affe/t t*e si=e of /ongestion window t*at s*ows t*e amo.nt of data /an 5e transmitted. So% 56 sele/ting appropriate load on ea/* of t*e pat*s% t*ro.g*p.t of t*e networ9 /an 5e in/reased and pro5a5ilit6 of pa/9et loss /an 5e de/reased. Information and Knowledge Managementwww.iiste.org ISSN 2224-5758 (Paper) ISSN 2224-8!" (#nline) $ol.5% No.!% 2&'5 7& -$ The Pro.osed !lgorithm7o.nderstandt*eproposedalgorit*m%t*enetwor9topolog6foronesenderiss*ownin>ig.re2.7*erearea sender (S)% a re/ei2er (() and se2eral pat*s 5etween t*e sender and t*e re/ei2er. 7*ree ro.ters are on ea/* ro.te. 7*efirstro.teist*eprimar6pat*%t*ese/ondist*ese/ondar6pat*%andt*eot*ersaret*e5a/9.ps.,ataare transmitted5etweent*eprimar6andt*ese/ondar6pat*s.Int*ispaper%t*ealgorit*misimplementedint*e ro.tersandt*eso.r/eso2erwirednetwor9s.Inw*atfollows%t*eproposedalgorit*msfort*ero.tersandt*e senders will 5e des/ri5ed% respe/ti2el6. (igure #$ Networ, To.olog" (igure &$ Bloc, /iagram of the Pro.osed !lgorithm Information and Knowledge Managementwww.iiste.org ISSN 2224-5758 (Paper) ISSN 2224-8!" (#nline) $ol.5% No.!% 2&'5 7' 0$ )imulation +esults7o e2al.ate t*e performan/e of t*e proposed algorit*m% #pnet modeller is lin9ed wit* M+7ig.re 2 for ea/* sender. 7*e endpoints are #-M>1S agents. 7*e/apa/it6oflin9sset5&M5psand2&M5psandt*elin9dela6isset'&ms.7*reero.tersare/on/ernedon ea/* ro.te. 7*e ma8im.m 5.ffer si=e of ea/* ro.ter is ta9en 5& pa/9ets. 7*e /.rrent sim.lation fo/.ses on t*ree performan/emetri/s;7*ro.g*p.t%-.m.lati2epa/9etlossandC.e.elengt*.4ot*7-Pand#-M>1S/ontrol /ongestion56/*angingt*e/ongestionwindowsi=eto/ontrolt*e:.antit6ofpa/9ets5eingtransmitted.In addition% t*e pa/9et transmission /ondition affe/ts t*e si=e of t*e /ongestion window. >or e8ample% 56 o//.rring /ongestionor56in/reasingpa/9etlossrate%t*esi=eoft*e/ongestionwindowisde/reased.So%sele/tingt*e appropriate load on ea/* of pat* in terms of pa/9et loss rate and /ongestion o//.rren/e%affe/ts amo.nt of data /an5etransmitted.7*e2ol.meofdatatransmittedtot*ere/ei2erper.nittimeisnamedt*ro.g*p.t.Een/e% wit**ig*ert*ro.g*p.t%moredata/an5etransmitted.>ig.reB/omparest*et*ro.g*p.toft*enew#-M>1S and t*e standard #-M>1S. +s s*own in >ig.re B% wit* in/reasing transmission rates% t*ro.g*p.t is in/reased in 5ot*proto/ols.+lso%int*esametransmissionrates%t*eproto/ols*a2ealmostt*esamet*ro.g*p.t2al.es. Eowe2er%itis/leart*att*ro.g*p.tdegradesast*etransmissionratee8/eeds4M5ps.7*iso//.rssin/e /ongestionordropo//.rsint*enetwor9*appened.Noti/et*att*enew#-M>1Ss/*emes*owsa*ig*er t*ro.g*p.tt*anstandard#-M>1Saftert*enetwor95e/omes/ongested.4e/a.sewit*aproperloadont*e ro.tesafter/ongestion%t*enewproto/ol/anin/reaset*etransmissionrates.>ig.re4depi/tst*e/.m.lati2e pa/9et lossfor t*enew#-M>1S aswell as t*estandard#-M>1S. 7*e /.m.lati2e pa/9et loss at an6 time of t*e sim.lation is /on/erned as t*e s.m of t*e pa/9et loss sin/e t*e 5eginning of t*e sim.lation .ntil t*at time.Itise2identt*atatdifferenttimes%t*enew#-M>1S*asalower/.m.lati2epa/9etloss.7*iss*owst*att*e pro5a5ilit6 of t*e o//.rren/e of t*e pa/9et loss in t*e proposed algorit*m is less t*an t*e #-M>1S. 7*is o//.rs sin/et*eproposedalgorit*mimplementsproper+CMmet*odandappropriateratead).stmenttodegradet*e /ongestion as well as t*e pa/9et loss.In>ig.re4%t*ee8periments*owst*einstantaneo.s:.e.esi=efor5ot*oft*eproto/ols.7*e sim.lationisperformedfor2&&se/onds.7*eres.ltsdemonstratet*at#-M>1Sis.na5leto/ontrolt*e os/illationsint*einstantaneo.s:.e.e.Inspiteoft*atitis/leart*att*eproposed+CMpro2idesreasona5le sta5ilit6 to t*e instantaneo.s :.e.e. 7*e proposed algorit*m /an sta5ili=e t*e :.e.e lengt* aro.nd a desired le2el and a/*ie2es t*e lower standard de2iation and 5ased on >ig.re 4% t*e new s/*eme *as lower 2al.e of /.m.lati2e pa/9ets loss. (igure *$ Through.ut Com.arisons Information and Knowledge Managementwww.iiste.org ISSN 2224-5758 (Paper) ISSN 2224-8!" (#nline) $ol.5% No.!% 2&'5 72 (igure -$ Cumulative Pac,et Loss 1$ ConclusionIn t*is paper% a new rate ad).stment met*od for #-M>1S /ongestion /ontrol in m.lti-*oming mode is presented. 7*edataares*aring5etweentwopat*sast*eprimar6andt*ese/ondar6pat*%t*eot*ersarealternate.7*e algorit*misimplementedont*esenderandt*ero.ters.7*ero.ters/al/.latet*epro5a5ilit6of/ongestionfor ea/*senderandinformt*em.+lso%5asedonan+CMmet*od%in/omingpa/9etsaredroppedDmar9edwit*a gi2enpro5a5ilit6topre2ent/ongestion.7*esenderdefinest*eamo.ntofdatatransmittedonea/*pat* depending on its pa/9et loss rate and its pro5a5ilit6 of /ongestion on ea/* ro.tes. 7*e sim.lation is performed in #pnet modeller lin9ed wit* NS2. 7*e e8periments s*ow t*at t*e new algorit*m in/reases t*e amo.nt of data t*at /an5etransmittedso%t*isa/*ie2esa5ettert*ro.g*p.t.Inaddition%t*eproposedalgorit*m*asalower /.m.lati2epa/9etlosst*ant*estandard#-M>1S.7*enew#-M>1S/analsosta5ili=et*einstantaneo.s :.e.e aro.nd a desired 2al.e wit* red./ed :.e.e lengt* os/illation w*ile t*e standardIII #-M>1S is .na5le to /ontrol t*e os/illations in t*e instantaneo.s :.e.e. Fit* more a//.rate /al/.lation of t*e /ongestion pro5a5ilit6 andwit*moreeffe/ti2eoptimi=ationf.n/tion%t*enewmet*od/andemonstratee2en5etterperforman/eand t*is /an 5e an area of f.t.re resear/*. +eferences@'A (. Stewart% C. "ie% et al.% JStream -ontrol 7ransmission Proto/ol%K (>- 2!&% #/to5er 2&&&.@2AH.(osen5erg%E.S/*.l=rinne%?.-amarillo%J7*eStream-ontrol7ransmissionProto/ol(#-M>1S)asa 7ransport for t*e Session Initiation Proto/ol (SIP)%K (>- 4'!8% #/to5er 2&&5.@BA (. Stewart% JStream -ontrol 7ransmission Proto/ol%K (>- 4!&% Septem5er 2&&7.@4A M. +llman% $. Pa8on% and F. Ste2ens% J7-P /ongestion /ontrol%K (>- 258'% +pril '.@5A K. (ama9ris*nan% S. >lo6d% ,. 4la/9% J7*e +ddition of 18pli/it -ongestion Notifi/ation (1-N) to IP%K (>- B'!8% Septem5er 2&&'.@!AM.Mat*is%H.Ma*da2i%S.>lo6d%+.(omano2%J7-PSele/ti2e+/9nowledgment#ptions%K(>-2&'8% #/to5er '8!.@7AM.Ko=lo2s=96%7.4er/eli%1Sand7-P5ased/omm.ni/ationin*ig*-speed /l.sters%K+-+7 &5% $ol. 55% +pr. 2&&!% pp. 85-8% doi;'&.'&'!D).nima.2&&5.''.'&7 .@8AM.S/*arf%S.Kiesel%JEead-of-line4lo/9ingin7-Pand#-M>1S;+nal6sisandMeas.rements%KPro/. ?lo5al7ele/omm.ni/ations-onferen/e(?ra//*ia%-.-*iasserini%JFiS1;4est-Pat*Sele/tioninFirelessM.lti*oming1n2ironments%KI111 7(+NS+-7I#NS#NM#4I1S-ongestion-ontrolS/*eme4asedon(e/ei2er+2aila5le 4andwidt*1stimation%KInstit.teof-omp.terand-omm.ni/ation1ngineering%National-*engK.ng Information and Knowledge Managementwww.iiste.org ISSN 2224-5758 (Paper) ISSN 2224-8!" (#nline) $ol.5% No.!% 2&'5 7B Nni2ersit6% ,e/. 2&&7.@'BAH.-*en%-.-*.%1.F.%P.- 2B&% +pr. '8.@'!AS.>lo6d%$.Ha/o5son%J(andomearl6dete/tiongatewa6sfor/ongestiona2oidan/e%KI111D+-M 7ransa/tions on Networ9ing (7#N)% $ol. '% +.g 'B% doi;'&.''&D&.25'82. B%'2+!P34 #M$+a5esh6 re/ei2edt*e41degreein/omp.terS/ien/eandengineeringfrom9am5anengineering 7ir.2annamalai%7amilnad.in2&&!andt*eM1,egreein/omp.ters/ien/eandengineeringfrom+r.nai /ollegeofengineering7ir.2annamalai%7amilnad.%Indiain2&'2.Eep.rs.ingP*.,in/omp.terS/ien/eand engineeringfromSt.PeterGs.ni2ersit6%-*ennai%7amilnad.%India.Eeis/.rrentl6wor9ingasa+ssistant Professor in /omp.ter s/ien/e and engineering from K(S -ollege #f 1ngineering% $anda2asi% 7amilnad.%India. The IISTE is a pioneer in the Open-Access hosting service and academic event management.The aim of the firm is Accelerating Global Knowledge Sharing. More information about the firm can be found on the homepage:http://www.iiste.org CALL FOR JOURNAL PAPERS There are more than 30 peer-reviewed academic journals hosted under the hosting platform. 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