MINI LESSON PLAN

BY: KATY LARSON

10TH GRADE WORLD HISTORY/STANDARD 10.7.3

THE PATH TO WAR:

FASCISM RISES IN EUROPE

CALIFORNIA CONTENT STANDARD 10.

IMPACT OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES

The treaty of Versailles was the peace settlement between the allies and Germany at the end of the first world war. The German authorities had little choice but to accept the terms of the treaty presented by 'the big three”

GERMANY’S HARSH PUNISHMENT

End of the German empire, Weimar republic established

Limited military (100,000 in army or air force)

Financial reparations to be paid to the allied powers

Dawes plan of 1924– payment plan for Germany

Triangle financing (us>ger>European allies>us)

War guilt- Germany had to take full blame for WWI

Germans did not feel they had lost the war, greatly despised the allied powers

Territorial losses:Regions of the German empire, and all German overseas colonies were given to various allied nations (included vital industrial areas and resource rich territories) Demilitarized border with FranceRhineland and Saar regions

GERMANY’S HARSH PUNISHMENT

ITALY’S DISAPPOINTMENT• Felt betrayed by the other “Council of Four” nations

Entered WWI by the Secret Treaty of London -1915 Britain had offered Italy large sections of territory in the Adriatic sea region – Tyrol, Dalmatia and Istria.

Promised Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman territory

Only gained the Tyrol and Istria. No gains in Africa

The government came over as weak and lacking pride in Italy. For Nationalists, the failure of the government to stand up to the "big three" at Versailles was unforgivable.

GLOBAL CONSEQUENCES• New nations created out of the former Russian, ottoman, German, and Austro-

Hungarian empires:

Some nationalities were ignored (Africans and Arabs)

Division of German and ottoman empires by great Britain and France (Africa and middle east) and by the united states and japan (pacific islands).

• League of nations established in 1920

Would settle international disputes

United states ultimately rejected membership

THE GREAT DEPRESSION• Stock market crash of 1929 (united states)

Global economy allowed for depression to spread

15-40% unemployment rate

Many turned to socialist revolutionary groups

• Reparation crisis in Germany

Still forced to pay allies

Inflation and hyper inflation occurs

Printed more money than they had in value

Fascism

SocialSupported

by middle class,Industrialists,and military

Chief Examples

Italy Spain

Germany

Nationalism authoritarianism

state moreimportant thanthe individual

charismatic leader action oriented

Economic economic functions

controlled bystate corporations

or state

Political nationalist

racist (Nazism) one-party rule

supreme leader

MilitarismIllusion of power

Provided an ordered and stable society

Popular because of the chaos that

followed WWI and the depression

ITALIAN FASCISM• Fascism fueled by Italy's failure to win large

territorial gains at the Paris peace conference.

• Inflation and unemployment fueled

• Mussolini founds the fascist party in 1919.

• Economic downturn makes fascists popular.

• Political party: The Fascisti

• Parliamentary wing: The Black Shirts

- Started the “White Terror”

Suppressed socialist workers and peasants

Won the support of landed elites and industrialists

- Modeled after Garibaldi’s Red Shirts

BENITO MUSSOLINI SEIZES POWER•Mussolini promised to rescue

Italy’s economy and rebuild armed forces.

•March on Rome (October 1922)

•Mussolini made the Italian Prime Minister

•https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cq2PUHGj3a8

GERMAN NAZISM• Political party :national socialist

workers party

• Parliamentary wing: the Brown Shirts (SA)

- Public attacks against Spartacists and socialist institutions

- Blamed democrats and Jewish People for Germany’s WWI loss

NAZI’S GAIN CONTROL• Adolf Hitler appointed chancellor January 30,

1933– Machtergreifung (Seizure of Power)

• Enabling Act (march 1933)

- Allowed Hitler to suspend the constitution

• Established the Third Reich

• Night of long knives (june1934)

- Political enemies eliminated

- Gained support for the German military

• Night of broken glass- Kristallnacht

- November 9-10 1938

- Response against Jews for the death of a Nazi politician.

• Thousands of Jewish synagogues, homes, and businesses destroyed

• Many Jewish families begin to be sent to concentration camps