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CHAPTER 6 LESSON 1 MINERALS AND ROCKS PAGES 250-259

Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

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Page 1: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

CHAPTER 6LESSON 1

MINERALS AND ROCKS

PAGES 250-259

Page 2: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more

than one mineral.

Page 3: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

There are more than 3,000 kinds of minerals with different

properties. A property is a characteristic that describes

something.

Page 4: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

The four properties of minerals are

color, hardness, luster, and

streak. You can identify

minerals by their properties.

Page 5: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

COLORMinerals can be many different

colors or the same color.

Page 6: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

HARDNESSHardness refers to a mineral’s

ability to scratch another mineral or be scratched by another mineral. Each mineral is

numbered one to ten.

Mohs’ Hardness Scale

Page 7: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

LUSTERLuster refers to the way light bounces off the surface of a mineral. Minerals may be

metallic (shiny), dull, glossy, or pearly in luster.

Page 8: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

STREAKA mineral’s streak is the color of the powder left behind when it is

scratched on a white tile.

Page 9: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

The three main types of rocks are igneous, sedimentary, and

metamorphic.

Page 10: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

Igneous rocks form from melted rock (magma or lava) cooling

and hardening.

Page 11: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

When igneous rocks cool slowly,

large mineral grains form.

When they cool more quickly,

there is no time for large mineral grains to form. The rocks are more smooth.

Page 12: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

Sedimentary rocks form from sediments that are pressed

together. Sediments are tiny pieces of rock, shells, or bits of

plants.

Page 13: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

Sediments are deposited by wind and water (erosion) and over

time pile up on top of older layers of sediment. When they are

pressed or “cemented” together they form sedimentary rocks.

Page 14: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral
Page 15: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

Fossils are often found in sedimentary rock. A fossil is a

trace of something that was once alive.

Page 16: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

Metamorphic rocks are formed from igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rock. The

high temperatures and pressures below the Earth’s surface can

change the properties of rocks, turning them into metamorphic

rocks.

Page 17: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

Sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks can change from one type of rock to another

through the rock cycle.

Page 18: Minerals are natural, nonliving substances that make up rock. Rocks can be made up of more than one mineral

The Rock Cycle