MINDSPACE MALADA preliminary study of chronology of the city

KAUSHAMBI MATE

FACTORS 100 years 50 years 20 years Present

Political

East Indian Catholic communityOwned the land.Our Lady of Lourdes Church was the influential body.

East Indian Catholic community still owned the land.No authority with the church.

Not much political influence (since in outskirts).

Land politic exists still. The land is owned by Raheja Group, and some part of it is being developed by Rustomjee Group of Construction.

Socio economical

Farmers, Fishermen, Workers in Salt Pans, traders (Somwar Bazar).

Farmers, Fishermen, Workers in Salt pans.Construction for Residential Complex initiated.

Maximum population of migrants.Occupation slowly shifting from just fishing and farming to mixed jobs.

Premnagar- rickshawalas.Bangur Nagar-Businessmen etc.Mindspace- commercial areas, Inorbit mall, BPOs and call centres.

Legislative

Each house holder paid revenue for land occupied/used.

Land to the South distributed amongst developers.Farmland at the foothill sold off inviting slums.

Rahejas bought the Dumping land at lower rates and manipulated the CRZ boundary to their advantage.

Wadia and Raheja clashes over land properties.Cases files in court for saving the mangroves.

MANGROVES OPEN LAND SLUMS COMMERCIAL RESIDENTIAL PARKING SHOPLINE21005 3230 19879 31668 637 31300 447811220 585 17260 10335 979 19370 306321355 3683 10000 7667 1717 50670 754117310 1313 2562 1650 127916631 6768 3655 6507 182311994 2039 5566 22447 2387

6800 2789 3864 739 5606678 1394 465 33670 2410

11500 438 63251 114683 301763445 331 93068586 4157 2118

1660 965 493258184 828 2065

1173 140921393 167420632 58117765 13789483 401

1500620031

82769639

1552515047

74112000

3400034000

185552

MINDSPACE – STATISTICAL DATA

PLOT NO. DESCRIPTION PLOT AREA BLDG. FOOTPRINT

BUILTUP AREA

NO.OF FLOORS F.S.I. OPEN SPACE

1 INORBIT 23950 7700 20630 3 0.8 162502 HYPERCITY 6010 3250 6500 2 1 27603 INTELENET 7050 2360 11800 5 1.6 46904 PRISM 12280 4370 30590 7 2.4 79105 BANGUR NAGAR 15800 4410 17630 4 1.1 113906 GARDEN 23300 233007 RES. 1710 720 2870 4 1.5 9908 RUSTOMJEE 5500 850 21070 25 3.8 46509 COMMERCIAL 4580 790 1270 2 0.5 3790

10 COMMERCIAL 3300 770 3060 4 0.9 253011 R.G. 3550 355012 RES. 3220 850 5960 7 1.8 237013 RES.+COMM. 4170 1330 6630 5 1.5 284014 RES.+COMM. 2130 230 2300 10 1 190015 RES. 1830 460 460 1 0.2 137016 RES. 1450 500 2000 4 1.3 95017 SLUMS 682118 SLUMS 1713019 RES. 2040 505 6060 12 320 MANGROVES 1140021 MANGROVES 3464022 MANGROVES 1062023 MANGROVES 11870

ROADS 28890

TOTAL AREA 243241 28590 132770

MINDSPACE – AREAS AND FSI

DENSITY OF THE SITE:

DENSITY TOTAL BUILTUP AREA NO. OF RESIDENTS/USERS CONSIDERATIONCOMMERCIAL 73850RESIDENTIAL 46970 735 9 PEOPLE PER 64 SQ.MTS

SLUMS 23951 8017 9 PEOPLE PER 25 SQ.MTS

FOR SLUMSTOTAL PLOT AREA 23950ROADS (0.7%) 167REMAINING AREA 237831 UNIT 25 SQ.MTSNO. OF UNITS 950PEOPLE PER UNIT 9TOTAL NO. OF PEOPLE 8560

LANDUSE PIE CHART

MINDSPACE 20 YRS BACK (1990’S)

PHYSICAL LANDSCAPEAround 20 years back in 1990 this area filled with mangroves had just started its destruction. The beautiful creek that once flowed carried waste from the RA factory. Dumping activity for land filling had just begun. There were many paddy fields and a few vegetable farms on the foot hills. The tallest structures then were the G+3 BangurNagar houses except for Ankur the upcoming high-rise.

POLITICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUNDAt that time there was not much political influence on the site as it was the outskirts of Mumbai then. There were lots of social influences. A few people in Bangur Nagar started court cases to stop cutting down of mangroves. This area then was very inaccessible and that made it a hub for illegal activities. The maximum population living there were migrants from different parts of India majorly Madhya Pradesh. Most of the farm land was owned by the native Kolis living in Chincholi Bundar.

LEGISLATIVE CONTENTThe Raheja builders influenced the localities against the government to file cases against the dumping ground and got the dumping activity shut to his benefit. He then bought the land from its owner at a really cheap rate. Having knowledge about the CRZ rule that was in its process to be implemented; manipulated and kept his property of the CRZ in the development plans. The plots that were farms were divided and given to more people. The plot boundaries no longer were the same as shown in the development plans.

INTERESTING FEATURES AND CONNECTIONS WITH PAST AND FUTUREThe environment had started degrading. The migratory birds of the past no longer came to breed here. The farms were beign converted to buildings. The small village of the kolis (CHINCHOLI BUNDER) completely lost its identity. This land started being part of the suburbs roads and infrastructure started developing more and more people came and land was less, so tall buildings started coming up. It was a complete transformation from a village to an urban city in no time.

MINDSPACE 50 YRS BACK (1990’S)

PHYSICAL LANDSCAPEMind Space about 50 years ago was not recognized as Mind Space. The site was then known by different areas. The major two areas were divided by the east-west flowing creek on site. The areas located North to the creek was majorly farmlands and consisted of small hamlets know by the name of Chincholi Bundar. The area to the South of the creek was segregated into Bangur Nagar to the West and Goregaon to the East. The major physical landscaping on site consisted of the main creek flowing from R.A. Colony surrounded by lush green mangroves along its edges with farmlands on the north belonging to the farmers at Chincholi Bundar. Also to the North – East of site was Pahadi Goregoan which was then covered with small hills. Major structures to the north consisted of small village houses and few chawls which was majorly G+1 or rarely G+2 in nature.

POLITICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUNDAt that time there was not much political influence on the site as it was the outskirts of Mumbai then. There were lots of social influences. A few people in bangur nagar started court cases to stop cutting down of mangroves. This area then was very inaccessible and that made it a hub for illegal activities. The maximum population living there were migrants from different parts of India majorly Madhya Pradesh. Most of the farm land was owned by the native kolhis living in chincholi Bandar. The site as such is located outside the main city island in the present suburbs which was then the city outskirts

MIND SPACE 20 FROM NOWCHARACTER

Most of the buildings in Bangur Nagar are 50 to 60 years old, most of them being G+3 buildings, are not yet redeveloped since they were built before the implications of the CRZ rule, and, now, continue to be in a state of dilapidation. The FSI rule for CRZ is assumed to undergo a change to facilitate the redevelopment of buildings which fall in these areas, due to the increase in land value and demand.The present shop lines on Goregaon-Mulund Link Road, towards Malad, shall turn into residential buildings with commercial activities on the lower floors. The growing commercial district is believed to influence the architecture of Mindspace. As a result of this growth, there will be a demand for more residential areas.The builders are already trying hard to acquire land for redevelopment in Premnagar slums.The current proposals in Mindspace include a lot of residential buildings, a few commercial and a hospital. There is a need for an educational institution in the area as well.The whole of Mindspace being built on a Dumping ground is foreseen to emit hazardous sulphourousgases which might blast up a larger area if not well taken care of. Scientists are researching on the methods which shall help cure this problem. In a span of 20 years, a solution for the same shall be worked out. The mall and the commercial areas have increased the traffic load. This overcrowding of roads will increase to such an extent in next 20 years, which will force a need for a solution.

•PICTURES (PHOTOGRAPHS) FROM EXHIBITION AT MAHIM NATURE PARK.•MAP OF MUMBAI AS DEPICTED FOR THE CURRENT POPULATION DENSITY

MINDSPACE, THEN 100 YRS BACK

•PICTURES (PHOTOGRAPHS) FROM EXHIBITION (PHOTOGRAPHY ON NATURE MUMBAI) AT MAHIM NATURE PARK.

•FISHING ACTIVITIES

•PICTURES (PHOTOGRAPHS) FROM EXHIBITION (PHOTOGRAPHY ON NATURE MUMBAI) AT MAHIM NATURE PARK.

•DRIED FISHES

•PICTURES (PHOTOGRAPHS) FROM EXHIBITION (PHOTOGRAPHY ON NATURE MUMBAI) AT MAHIM NATURE PARK.

•SOMWAR BAZAR AT MALAD

•PICTURES (PHOTOGRAPHS) FROM INTERNET; SOURCE GOOGLE.COM

•SALT PANS

•PICTURES (PHOTOGRAPHS) FROM FROM INTERNET; SOURCE GOOGLE.COM

MINDSPACE, TODAY

Mindspace : Inorbit mall MALAD

MAP OF MUMBAI

M A P O F A R E A U N D E R S T U D Y

Land development proposal by the rahejas

The developed plan of site in 2010

RESIDENTIAL

SLUMS

RECREATION

COMERCIAL

PRIMARY VEHICULAR ROADS

SECONDARY VEHICULAR ROADS

PART PEDESTRIAN PART VEHICULAR ROADS

LANDMARK

NODES

THE MALL: INORBIT major landmark

The garden developed on the dumping ground by raising the land to make the land useable

Acts as a recreational space for the bpo workers and the residants

BMC GARDENS: the recreational zone

DEVELOPMENT PATTERN

20012003

1980

1995

1995

1995

2004-2005 2008-2009

The development of the comercial sector brought about the development of the infrastructure and also increased the security level of the locals

Developments from 1995 onwards “improving” the infrastructure of the locality

1995

2001

2004

20012006

YADAV BHULLAN R (since 1980)LOCATION:PREMNAGAR SLUMSOCCUPATION : PANWALASECRETRY OF JAUNPUR CO-OPP CREDIT SOCIETY

Mangrove and 8 to 10 feet of marshy land Occupied by migrants Mountain broken down to fill land and make it useable for livingSlums started in1979- 250 hutsIncreased to 4000huts in 1980Land ownership is under Jaldhara trust Many issues of land between BMC and PRIVATE ownersMany offers for proposals by builders and government.

LAKSHMI SHANKAR(SINCE 19 )LOCATION:PREMNAGAR SLUMOCCUPATION : SNACKS AND REFRESHMENT STALL

Shifted from Dharavi after been thrown away by familyMixed population and mixed occupationMostly all migrants mostly from UPWell developed huge houses and well established businessWould like rehabilitation facility but no change in locationNo close doctor facility good education facility and most recent generation well educated

Vegetable vendors catering to the slum adjoining the nala creating unhyginic conditions

RAMPREET NISAR (SINCE 19 )LOCATION:OCCUPATION :

Farm land in the past replaced by buildings and slumsVery risky in past safe since last 5yrs35 yrs old settlement Initially no electric supply and water supply the only water sourceMany thefts, robberies, murders in past Reduced opportunities with increased competitionWaiting to give away his plot and go back to village

LALAN MORIYA(SINCE 19 )LOCATION:OCCUPATION :

Initially at lover level causing choking problemMostly all are migrants from UPDifferent occupation, service to businessEarlier paddy fields replaced by huts and now houses and commercial zone on periphery Happy with the existing does not want to change location or lifestyleNo proposal approaches by BMC or private companies

MUKHRAM YADAV AND REENA(visitor) (SINCE 19 )LOCATION:OCCUPATION : LAUNDARY SHOP

Cutting down mangroves issue and court case by a person staying in ankurMaximum population of Hindus in the slumOwned by a rich man named ALBERT( used to be known as Albert compound)Good education and transport facilities now Initially lots of problems of water and electricity faced by the peopleThe locality was very unsafe after 8 in the evening before the development of the mall and comercial sector.

MR JHA (SINCE 1989 )LOCATION: LINK ROADOCCUPATION : GARAGE OWNER

Previously isolated roads at nightLots of car problems and a need of a garage for repairsCommercial buildings developed in surroundings increased garage needs Many restaurant and food stalls catering to working population developed with the increasing comercial sector The comercial sector increased the trafic and reduced the risk of traveling in this are even at night Lots of hardware repairs in the offices around due to gases emitted from the dumping ground

Mrs. Uma Bagalkar ( House wife)(SINCE 2002)LOCATION: BANGUR NAGAROCCUPATION: House wife

•Initially a dumping ground and marshy land covered with mangroves.•Raheja developers had purchased the land from NusliWadia with some profit ratio deal.•Court case against Raheja developers for treachery 10 yrs back. Major constructions of Raheja here had come to a stand still.•Many areas in Bangur Nagar like the mangrove area adjoining the khadi are acquired illegally by amarblecutter.•A social worker named Mrs. Kulkarni with many localitesfought for retaining the mangrove•The residential prices here rose high after Inorbit and Hypercity developed . Also a increase in traffic along with the increase in the commercial sector (BPO’s & Private offices) at Mind Space.•Accidents happen during night time as Boys and Girls drive recklessly along the road.•Madwadi’s and South Indians form major residents of Bangur Nagar.

Mrs. Jayanthi Upadhyaya(SINCE 1990)LOCATION: Bangur NagarOCCUPATION : House wife

•The area was all surrounded by khadi 40 yrs ago.•Many temples exists in Bangur Nagar belonging to different cults. Hence people here consider the locality very holy, pure, fertile, prosperous and full of good will.•All settlements here is occupied by Hindu community.•A lot of robbery cases still take place here.•Mangrove cutting for building land opposed by a majority of residents.•Initially Prem Nagar consisted of few chawls and very little settlement. However over 10 years all slums have come up irregularly.•Rates of housing here are rising higher day by day.•Shooting of many films takes place here. For e.g. Delhi 6.

Mr. Marcel Pinto(SINCE 1975)LOCATION: Bangur NagarOCCUPATION : Insurance officer

•The area was partly occupied by salt pans and some plot leased to the workers.•Major areas on site were-Bangur Nagar, Pahadi village and Chinchawli village.•The present Link road was then a narrow road, kaccha in nature; however it was converted into a two way road about 10 years back which then increased the traffic on site.•The site was then a lonely / isolated area, prone to robbery, Gundagiri and such other mishaps.•People then found it very risky to be on road after 7 pm.•The existing B.E.S.T. stop was a spot where once encounter had taken place about 8 years back.•The traffic on site gradually increased to the present day scenario once Inorbit started functioning

•The site was initially a marshy land; filled with garbage dumping areas, mangroves with a creak which is presently a nalla flowing through site dividing the site into wards- P north and P south.•The nalla was initially a river converted into nalla due to the waste disposal from industries in R.A. colony•The site got its name as the “Mind Space” by the developers of site ,the intention being to develop the site as a major I.T. and B.P.O. Centre for Mumbai•The presence of nalla on site caused sulphor and methane level on site to increase rapidly leading the computers in the B.P.O.’s and I.T. Companies get corroded.•Inorbit was the first structure constructed on site which forms a landmark structure on site.

Mr. Marcel Pinto(SINCE 1975)LOCATION: Bangur NagarOCCUPATION : Insurance officer

•.

OMPRAKASH KUSHWAHA(SINCE 1998)LOCATION: Bangur NagarOCCUPATION : Laundary man

•There used to be lots of accidents on the link road when only the resident and the slum existed with rest of the land used as dumping ground or mangroves.•The road was generally empty and reckless driving was prominent leading to accidents•The accidents had led to a few ghost stories •People said they saw a female in a white saree and her presence led to accidents many peiple still believe the ghost exists•Now a days the accidents are a result of reckless driving of the drunk youngsters working in the call centers•Due to new developments the road which was 1ce very deserted is mostly packed with traffic

RAMNARAYAN IYER (SINCE 1990)LOCATION: Bangur NagarOCCUPATION : resident

•The residents of bangur nagar and chincholi nagarto launch a case against the dumping activity as it caused health hazards after being aroused by rahejas•Once the case was won the raheja builders bought the land at low land prices and started construction activities•The period of 15 years that the site is supposed to be left vacant before use to complete the capping process was not left.•The construction proposals were also approved by the BMC•This led to problems in the computer systems and artificial means to purify the outside air has to implemented in every building

ASHLEY ALBEDA(SINCE 1985)LOCATION: Chincholi NagarOCCUPATION : resident

•The majority of people living here were the hindus with fishing as their major occupation.•Initially it was a very beautiful and silent place the only problem then was that the roads were deserted so there used to lots of cases of robbery etc.•When the Portuguese came and settled here they built the church and slowly started converting the migrants to Christians•Now majority of the people living in this area are Christians

RECREATIONAL AND OPEN SPACES FOR THE SLUM DWELLERS

The open ground used by the residents of the slum and shops as a resting place

The temple within the slum with a stage owned by a local mandal to organize events

Also used as a play ground by the children living in the slum

The unmanaged and unhygienic roads around the commercial buildings

MALAD CREEK

SOME OTHER WETLANDS

SIMILAR CASE STUDIES

1. MAHIM CREEK

(MAHIM NATURE PARK BUILT ON A DUMPING GROUND)

SIMILAR CASE STUDIES

2. MANORI CREEK

(GORAI GARDEN BEING BUILT ON A DUMPING GROUND)

MALADY CREEK

DUMPING GROUND AT GORAI (NOW CLOSED)